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Argumentative Essay Should Health Care Be Free

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Published: Mar 5, 2024

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Writing an Argumentative Research Paper

Library Resources
Books & EBooks
What is an Argumentative Research Essay?
Choosing a Topic
How to Write a Thesis Statement Libguide
Structure & Outline
Types of Sources
OER Resources
Copyright, Plagiarism, and Fair Use

Examples of argumentative essays

Skyline College libguides: MLA Sample Argumentative Papers

Ebooks in Galileo

Video Tutorial

Structure & Outline

Usually written in the five-paragraph structure, the argumentative essay format consists of an introduction, 2-3 body paragraphs, and a conclusion.

A works cited page or reference page (depending on format) will be included at the end of the essay along with in-text citations within the essay.

When writing an argumentative research essay, create an outline to structure the research you find as well as help with the writing process. The outline of an argumentative essay should include an introduction with thesis statement, 3 main body paragraphs with supporting evidence and opposing viewpoints with evidence to disprove, along with an conclusion.

The example below is just a basic outline and structure

I. Introduction: tells what you are going to write about. Basic information about the issue along with your thesis statement.

A. Basic information

B. Thesis Statement

II. Body 1 : Reason 1 write about the first reason that proves your claim on the issue and give supporting evidence

A. supporting evidence

B. Supporting evidence

II. Body 2 .: Reason 2 write about the third reason that proves your claim on the issue and give supporting evidence

A. supporting evidence

III. Body 3 : Reason 3 write about the fourth reason that proves your claim on the issue and give supporting evidence

IV. Counter arguments and responses. Write about opposing viewpoints and use evidence to refute their argument and persuade audience in your direction or viewpoint

A. Arguments from other side of the issue

B. Refute the arguments

V. Conclusion

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Next: Conducting Research >>
Last Updated: Jan 24, 2024 1:23 PM
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Argumentative Essay about Health Care

How it works

The debate over the best approach to health care is a highly contentious issue that has been at the forefront of public discourse in many countries. The central argument revolves around whether health care should be primarily managed as a market-driven service or as a government-funded and controlled system. This essay argues in favor of a health care system that is predominantly managed and funded by the government, as it ensures universal coverage, equitable access, and potentially better health outcomes for the entire population.

One of the main arguments for government-managed health care is the principle of universal health coverage. Health care is a fundamental human right, and ensuring that every individual has access to medical services is a critical responsibility of a society. A government-funded system can provide comprehensive health care to all citizens, regardless of their financial status. This approach eliminates the disparities in access to health care services that are often seen in market-based systems, where individuals’ ability to afford health insurance dictates their access to care.

Furthermore, a government-led health care system can lead to more equitable health outcomes. In a market-driven system, health care facilities and providers may prioritize services that are more profitable, often leading to underinvestment in essential but less lucrative services. This can create health care deserts, particularly in rural or impoverished areas. A government-controlled system, conversely, can ensure a more even distribution of resources and focus on public health needs rather than on profitability.

Additionally, government management of health care can lead to cost-effectiveness and efficiency. By reducing the need for a complex insurance industry and minimizing administrative costs associated with multiple payers, a government-funded system can allocate more resources directly to patient care. Furthermore, such a system can better negotiate prices for pharmaceuticals and medical equipment, thereby reducing overall health care costs.

Opponents of government-controlled health care often argue that it leads to reduced competition, which can stifle innovation and reduce the quality of care. However, this perspective overlooks the potential of government systems to drive innovation through focused research funding and public health initiatives. Moreover, quality in health care is not solely dependent on competition but also on standards, regulations, and professional ethics, which can be effectively maintained under government oversight.

In conclusion, while there are arguments for and against different health care systems, a government-managed and funded system offers the most equitable, efficient, and effective approach to health care. It ensures universal coverage, equitable distribution of health resources, and can potentially lead to better health outcomes for the entire population, upholding health care as a fundamental human right.

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Argumentative Essay: Healthcare Should Be Free

Imagine how helpless you would feel if you needed medical attention but could not get it because you were uninsured and could not afford the medical bill. Wouldn’t that make you feel dependent and unsupported because you can't receive the support you are entitled to? The US spends about $12,530 per person’s healthcare. Although the government provides its citizens with healthcare equally, not everyone needs the money for their healthcare, while others need more money than what is already provided to them. I think the American government should collectively spend for all of its citizens and make healthcare free for all Americans.. Healthcare is a human right that we should all be entitled to regardless of our class. It would save thousands of lives every year. Although many people argue that healthcare would increase the debt rate, free healthcare decreases the spending of the US. Free healthcare should be enforced morally and logistically to all Americans.

Healthcare should be provided to everyone at no cost because it is a basic human right that all Americans should be entitled to. In the article “Should All Americans Have the Right (Be Entitled) to Health Care?” It says, “The Declaration of Independence states that all men have “unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness,” [42] which necessarily entails having the health care needed to preserve life and pursue happiness.” This shows that healthcare is a right that all Americans should be entitled to. In this sentence, the author explains that the Declaration of Independence states that all men have the right to “Life, Liberty, and Pursuit to Happiness” this shows that healthcare is also considered a right, which falls into life and the pursuit of happiness.

Healthcare saves thousands of lives which enforces the right to life and pursuit of happiness in the future. Free healthcare could save lives because many people die from illnesses they never got cured because of the cost of healthcare. In the article “Should All Americans Have the Right (Be Entitled) to Health Care?” Says, “According to a study from Harvard researchers, “lack of health insurance is associated with as many as 44,789 deaths per year,” which translates into a 40% increased risk of death among the uninsured.“ This proves that many people die because they were uninsured. This part of the passage shows a 40% increased risk of death among people who cannot get insured due to the lack of medical support given to the uninsured who can also not afford the medical bill. According to the “Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services,” the number of people under the age of 65 who were uninsured at the time of the interview was 31.2 million people. This shows that many Americans under the age of 65 are uninsured and probably can not afford the medical bill.

A common argument against this position is that free healthcare for all Americans would increase US debts. In the article “Should America Have Universal Health Care?” It says “From a study funded by the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, under a single-payer system where everyone has a right to healthcare, private and public healthcare spending could be lowered over 10 years by over 1.8 trillion dollars. This would be due to lower prescription and administrative drug costs.” Some people argue that free healthcare for all Americans would increase US debts. However, the text explains that providing free healthcare does not increase the spending of the US. Instead, It lowered the spending by $1.8 trillion because it lowered the price of drugs prescribed to patients.

In conclusion, healthcare should be free for all Americans. All Americans should be provided free healthcare because it is a basic human right that all Americans should be entitled to. It would also save lives because many people die from illnesses they never got cured of due to the medical support they needed but did not receive and that was because they were uninsured. Logistically and Morally, Healthcare is a fundamental right that all Americans should be entitled to despite their income and what they can afford. This is an issue that requires us to come together and fight for our rights!

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Universal Health Care: Arguments For and Against

Introduction, works cited.

The constant debates around the health care system in the United States, recently heated by the president’s health care reforms proposal, is a direct indication that the issue of health care in the United States is a painful subject. On the one hand, there is a support for the health care owned by the private sector, in which the medical treatment should be paid for ensuring higher efficiency, and on the other hand there are supporters of the opinion that health care is a right that should be accessible to everybody. The mutual point of intersection between the two groups is that both of them acknowledge that the current system needs reform (Roberts). Taking the position of the health care as a right accessible to everyone, “Sicko”, a 2007 documentary film by Michael Moore, outlined the effectiveness of such system – universal health care, showing and comparing the implementation of this system in practice in other developed countries such as Canada and France, and accordingly, pointing to the deficiencies of the current, based on insurance, health care in the United States. In that regard, this paper takes the position for universal health care, outlining the supportive arguments, as well as the arguments used by its opposition.

In the majority of universal health care system, the government’s involvement is the main approach in providing health care. In that regard, the sources of government coverage stem from general and dedicated taxation, and social insurance (McDougall, Duckett and Manku). Accordingly, it can be seen that the reliance on universal health care will lead the creation of more government positions.

Such point can be seen through Moore’s film, where the example of France is showing the social services provided by the government. Accordingly, it can be assumed that the necessity for such positions in any country adopting a universal health care system will lead to the creation of more government jobs.

Nevertheless, it should be stated that such positions imply limiting health care providers to the government, rather than that the payment methods will be regulated. In the example of France indicated in the film, the “The state sets the ceiling for health insurance spending, approves a report on health and social security trends and amends benefits and regulation”.

Following the previous argument, it can be said that government regulations will lead to a decrease in the doctors’ payment within a universal health care system. One point of controversy, which is held by the opposition of universal health care, is the possibility of health care quality reduction due to regulation of payments by the government and “enslaving the doctors”.

Looking at the representation of the doctors working in universal health care systems in Moore’s film, the doctors in Britain are paid by the government, and accordingly the system of commission implemented in Britain implies that the doctors are paid more when there are documented improvements in patients’ conditions. In such way, the doctors are interested in providing the best treatment for their patients, and at the same time the patient is sure that the aid he is receiving is not dependable on such factor as the doctors’ income.

Taking a look at other countries with universal health care such as France, where the fees are negotiable with the government, Switzerland, where the government negotiates rates with doctor organizations, and Netherlands, where insurers negotiate rates (McDougall, Duckett and Manku), it can be seen that such approach is definitely will not deprive the doctors of their rights, especially considering that negotiating imply a more flexible approach for the doctors, rather than regulation, where payments are regulated in government programs, as seen in the United States (Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation, The Commonwealth Fund and Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation).

Finally, the most important argument, which can be considered as the criterion, based on which the health care system should be evaluated is the effectiveness seen through the results. In that regard, one of the arguments used in Moore’s film, in addition to the accessibility of the health care to everyone, is the results of such implementation on the overall health of the population. Taking the example of Great Britain in the film, a report from the AMA (American Medical Association) into the health of 55- to 64-year-olds says Brits are far healthier than Americans. That was only one example of the way the universal health care is more effective.

Taking life expectancy as a measure, the United States is the behind the such countries as Great Britain, United Kingdom, New Zealand, Italy, Canada, Sweden, Austria and France (McDougall, Duckett and Manku). Accordingly, in infant mortality rate as of 1999, the United States is ranked the last among the previously mentioned countries. In fact, the health care in the United States might have positive results in some areas, taking various positions surpassing the position of some of the countries in the list. However, it should be stated that considering the fact that “the U.S. spends far more per capita on health care than any other nation,” (Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation, The Commonwealth Fund and Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation) it is not the leader in health among other developed countries.

Opposing the universal health care system, the arguments used vary in their effectiveness and accuracy, although some of them can be considered logical. Taking the example of the insurance company, one argument that might used can be seen in the statement that private insurance companies will go out of business. The as arguments is stemming from the fact that the current health system in the United States is largely operated by the private sector, either in provision of medical services or the insurance, where in terms of the latter the percentage of people covered by private health insurance was 67.5 as of 2007 (DeNavas-Walt et al.). Nevertheless, it can be stated that the universal health care system implies the option for private insurance companies, where taking the example of Switzerland the health system comprises of universal coverage, a mandate that everyone buy insurance and a major role for private insurance companies (McManus).

Omitting such factor as less payment for doctors, as previously explained in the example Britain, another important argument is overcrowded hospitals in universal health care systems. Such argument seems reasonable, where the examples of hospitals being overcrowded can be seen in such countries as Japan, Australia and others. In the case of Australia, Australian Medical Association stated that “there are 1500 unnecessary deaths in Australia due to overcrowding in public hospitals” (SHEPHERD). In that regard, such argument has sense, but nevertheless, it cannot be generalized on universal health care systems everywhere, rather than examples of funding issues might have led to such consequences in specific cases. Taking such factor as performance effectiveness, measured based on average length of stay, it can be seen that there are countries with universal health care that are leading with such indicators, which generally can imply that the type of health care system is not influencing such factor. Accordingly, such variables as the number of beds can be resulted from ineffective funding programs, rather than general health deficiencies.

It can be concluded that the universal health system is an option to hold to, specifically measuring such factors as costs and outcomes. Generally speaking, separate examples do not indicate the superiority of the system or its failure, while general trends examined through several developed countries shows the perspectives of such system. Universal health care is a step forward toward confirming the statement that health care is a right that is accessible to everyone.

“The State of Affairs in 16 Countries in Summer 2004”. World Health Organization . Eds. Grosse-Tebbe, Susanne and Josep Figueras. Web.

DeNavas-Walt, Carmen, et al. “Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2007”. 2008. Census.gov . U.S. Government Printing Office. Web.

McDougall, Ashley, Paul Duckett, and Manjeet Manku. “International Health Comparisons”. National Audit Office . Web.

McManus, Doyle. “Switzerland’s Example of Universal Healthcare”. 2009. LA Times .Web.

“Sicko”. Dir. Moore, Michael. DVD. 2007.

Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation, The Commonwealth Fund, and Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. “Compare International Medical Bills”. 2008. National Public Radio . Web.

Roberts, Joel. “Poll: The Politics of Health Care”. 2007. CBS News . Web.

SHEPHERD, TORY. “Needless Hospital Deaths”. 2008. News Limited . Web.

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StudyCorgi. (2021, November 11). Universal Health Care: Arguments For and Against. https://studycorgi.com/universal-health-care/

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Argumentative Essay Examples to Inspire You (+ Free Formula)

Meredith Sell

Have you ever been asked to explain your opinion on a controversial issue?

Maybe your family got into a discussion about chemical pesticides
Someone at work argues against investing resources into your project
Your partner thinks intermittent fasting is the best way to lose weight and you disagree

Proving your point in an argumentative essay can be challenging, unless you are using a proven formula.

Argumentative essay formula & example

In the image below, you can see a recommended structure for argumentative essays. It starts with the topic sentence, which establishes the main idea of the essay. Next, this hypothesis is developed in the development stage. Then, the rebuttal, or the refutal of the main counter argument or arguments. Then, again, development of the rebuttal. This is followed by an example, and ends with a summary. This is a very basic structure, but it gives you a bird-eye-view of how a proper argumentative essay can be built.

Writing an argumentative essay (for a class, a news outlet, or just for fun) can help you improve your understanding of an issue and sharpen your thinking on the matter. Using researched facts and data, you can explain why you or others think the way you do, even while other reasonable people disagree.

Free AI argumentative essay generator > Free AI argumentative essay generator >

What Is an Argumentative Essay?

An argumentative essay is an explanatory essay that takes a side.

Instead of appealing to emotion and personal experience to change the reader’s mind, an argumentative essay uses logic and well-researched factual information to explain why the thesis in question is the most reasonable opinion on the matter.

Over several paragraphs or pages, the author systematically walks through:

The opposition (and supporting evidence)
The chosen thesis (and its supporting evidence)

At the end, the author leaves the decision up to the reader, trusting that the case they’ve made will do the work of changing the reader’s mind. Even if the reader’s opinion doesn’t change, they come away from the essay with a greater understanding of the perspective presented — and perhaps a better understanding of their original opinion.

All of that might make it seem like writing an argumentative essay is way harder than an emotionally-driven persuasive essay — but if you’re like me and much more comfortable spouting facts and figures than making impassioned pleas, you may find that an argumentative essay is easier to write.

Plus, the process of researching an argumentative essay means you can check your assumptions and develop an opinion that’s more based in reality than what you originally thought. I know for sure that my opinions need to be fact checked — don’t yours?

So how exactly do we write the argumentative essay?

How do you start an argumentative essay

First, gain a clear understanding of what exactly an argumentative essay is. To formulate a proper topic sentence, you have to be clear on your topic, and to explore it through research.

Students have difficulty starting an essay because the whole task seems intimidating, and they are afraid of spending too much time on the topic sentence. Experienced writers, however, know that there is no set time to spend on figuring out your topic. It's a real exploration that is based to a large extent on intuition.

6 Steps to Write an Argumentative Essay (Persuasion Formula)

Use this checklist to tackle your essay one step at a time:

1. Research an issue with an arguable question

To start, you need to identify an issue that well-informed people have varying opinions on. Here, it’s helpful to think of one core topic and how it intersects with another (or several other) issues. That intersection is where hot takes and reasonable (or unreasonable) opinions abound.

I find it helpful to stage the issue as a question.

For example:

Is it better to legislate the minimum size of chicken enclosures or to outlaw the sale of eggs from chickens who don’t have enough space?

Should snow removal policies focus more on effectively keeping roads clear for traffic or the environmental impacts of snow removal methods?

Once you have your arguable question ready, start researching the basic facts and specific opinions and arguments on the issue. Do your best to stay focused on gathering information that is directly relevant to your topic. Depending on what your essay is for, you may reference academic studies, government reports, or newspaper articles.

‍ Research your opposition and the facts that support their viewpoint as much as you research your own position . You’ll need to address your opposition in your essay, so you’ll want to know their argument from the inside out.

2. Choose a side based on your research

You likely started with an inclination toward one side or the other, but your research should ultimately shape your perspective. So once you’ve completed the research, nail down your opinion and start articulating the what and why of your take.

What: I think it’s better to outlaw selling eggs from chickens whose enclosures are too small.

Why: Because if you regulate the enclosure size directly, egg producers outside of the government’s jurisdiction could ship eggs into your territory and put nearby egg producers out of business by offering better prices because they don’t have the added cost of larger enclosures.

This is an early form of your thesis and the basic logic of your argument. You’ll want to iterate on this a few times and develop a one-sentence statement that sums up the thesis of your essay.

Thesis: Outlawing the sale of eggs from chickens with cramped living spaces is better for business than regulating the size of chicken enclosures.

Now that you’ve articulated your thesis , spell out the counterargument(s) as well. Putting your opposition’s take into words will help you throughout the rest of the essay-writing process. (You can start by choosing the counter argument option with Wordtune Spices .)

Counterargument: Outlawing the sale of eggs from chickens with too small enclosures will immediately drive up egg prices for consumers, making the low-cost protein source harder to afford — especially for low-income consumers.

There may be one main counterargument to articulate, or several. Write them all out and start thinking about how you’ll use evidence to address each of them or show why your argument is still the best option.

3. Organize the evidence — for your side and the opposition

You did all of that research for a reason. Now’s the time to use it.

Hopefully, you kept detailed notes in a document, complete with links and titles of all your source material. Go through your research document and copy the evidence for your argument and your opposition’s into another document.

List the main points of your argument. Then, below each point, paste the evidence that backs them up.

If you’re writing about chicken enclosures, maybe you found evidence that shows the spread of disease among birds kept in close quarters is worse than among birds who have more space. Or maybe you found information that says eggs from free-range chickens are more flavorful or nutritious. Put that information next to the appropriate part of your argument.

Repeat the process with your opposition’s argument: What information did you find that supports your opposition? Paste it beside your opposition’s argument.

You could also put information here that refutes your opposition, but organize it in a way that clearly tells you — at a glance — that the information disproves their point.

Counterargument: Outlawing the sale of eggs from chickens with too small enclosures will immediately drive up egg prices for consumers.

BUT: Sicknesses like avian flu spread more easily through small enclosures and could cause a shortage that would drive up egg prices naturally, so ensuring larger enclosures is still a better policy for consumers over the long term.

As you organize your research and see the evidence all together, start thinking through the best way to order your points.

Will it be better to present your argument all at once or to break it up with opposition claims you can quickly refute? Would some points set up other points well? Does a more complicated point require that the reader understands a simpler point first?

Play around and rearrange your notes to see how your essay might flow one way or another.

4. Freewrite or outline to think through your argument

Is your brain buzzing yet? At this point in the process, it can be helpful to take out a notebook or open a fresh document and dump whatever you’re thinking on the page.

Where should your essay start? What ground-level information do you need to provide your readers before you can dive into the issue?

Use your organized evidence document from step 3 to think through your argument from beginning to end, and determine the structure of your essay.

There are three typical structures for argumentative essays:

Make your argument and tackle opposition claims one by one, as they come up in relation to the points of your argument - In this approach, the whole essay — from beginning to end — focuses on your argument, but as you make each point, you address the relevant opposition claims individually. This approach works well if your opposition’s views can be quickly explained and refuted and if they directly relate to specific points in your argument.
Make the bulk of your argument, and then address the opposition all at once in a paragraph (or a few) - This approach puts the opposition in its own section, separate from your main argument. After you’ve made your case, with ample evidence to convince your readers, you write about the opposition, explaining their viewpoint and supporting evidence — and showing readers why the opposition’s argument is unconvincing. Once you’ve addressed the opposition, you write a conclusion that sums up why your argument is the better one.
Open your essay by talking about the opposition and where it falls short. Build your entire argument to show how it is superior to that opposition - With this structure, you’re showing your readers “a better way” to address the issue. After opening your piece by showing how your opposition’s approaches fail, you launch into your argument, providing readers with ample evidence that backs you up.

As you think through your argument and examine your evidence document, consider which structure will serve your argument best. Sketch out an outline to give yourself a map to follow in the writing process. You could also rearrange your evidence document again to match your outline, so it will be easy to find what you need when you start writing.

5. Write your first draft

You have an outline and an organized document with all your points and evidence lined up and ready. Now you just have to write your essay.

In your first draft, focus on getting your ideas on the page. Your wording may not be perfect (whose is?), but you know what you’re trying to say — so even if you’re overly wordy and taking too much space to say what you need to say, put those words on the page.

Follow your outline, and draw from that evidence document to flesh out each point of your argument. Explain what the evidence means for your argument and your opposition. Connect the dots for your readers so they can follow you, point by point, and understand what you’re trying to say.

As you write, be sure to include:

1. Any background information your reader needs in order to understand the issue in question.

2. Evidence for both your argument and the counterargument(s). This shows that you’ve done your homework and builds trust with your reader, while also setting you up to make a more convincing argument. (If you find gaps in your research while you’re writing, Wordtune Spices can source statistics or historical facts on the fly!)

Get Wordtune for free > Get Wordtune for free >

3. A conclusion that sums up your overall argument and evidence — and leaves the reader with an understanding of the issue and its significance. This sort of conclusion brings your essay to a strong ending that doesn’t waste readers’ time, but actually adds value to your case.

6. Revise (with Wordtune)

The hard work is done: you have a first draft. Now, let’s fine tune your writing.

I like to step away from what I’ve written for a day (or at least a night of sleep) before attempting to revise. It helps me approach clunky phrases and rough transitions with fresh eyes. If you don’t have that luxury, just get away from your computer for a few minutes — use the bathroom, do some jumping jacks, eat an apple — and then come back and read through your piece.

As you revise, make sure you …

Get the facts right. An argument with false evidence falls apart pretty quickly, so check your facts to make yours rock solid.
Don’t misrepresent the opposition or their evidence. If someone who holds the opposing view reads your essay, they should affirm how you explain their side — even if they disagree with your rebuttal.
Present a case that builds over the course of your essay, makes sense, and ends on a strong note. One point should naturally lead to the next. Your readers shouldn’t feel like you’re constantly changing subjects. You’re making a variety of points, but your argument should feel like a cohesive whole.
Paraphrase sources and cite them appropriately. Did you skip citations when writing your first draft? No worries — you can add them now. And check that you don’t overly rely on quotations. (Need help paraphrasing? Wordtune can help. Simply highlight the sentence or phrase you want to adjust and sort through Wordtune’s suggestions.)
Tighten up overly wordy explanations and sharpen any convoluted ideas. Wordtune makes a great sidekick for this too 😉

Words to start an argumentative essay

The best way to introduce a convincing argument is to provide a strong thesis statement . These are the words I usually use to start an argumentative essay:

It is indisputable that the world today is facing a multitude of issues
With the rise of ____, the potential to make a positive difference has never been more accessible
It is essential that we take action now and tackle these issues head-on
it is critical to understand the underlying causes of the problems standing before us
Opponents of this idea claim
Those who are against these ideas may say
Some people may disagree with this idea
Some people may say that ____, however

When refuting an opposing concept, use:

These researchers have a point in thinking
To a certain extent they are right
After seeing this evidence, there is no way one can agree with this idea
This argument is irrelevant to the topic

Are you convinced by your own argument yet? Ready to brave the next get-together where everyone’s talking like they know something about intermittent fasting , chicken enclosures , or snow removal policies?

Now if someone asks you to explain your evidence-based but controversial opinion, you can hand them your essay and ask them to report back after they’ve read it.

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Argumentative Essays

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What is an argumentative essay?

The argumentative essay is a genre of writing that requires the student to investigate a topic; collect, generate, and evaluate evidence; and establish a position on the topic in a concise manner.

Please note : Some confusion may occur between the argumentative essay and the expository essay. These two genres are similar, but the argumentative essay differs from the expository essay in the amount of pre-writing (invention) and research involved. The argumentative essay is commonly assigned as a capstone or final project in first year writing or advanced composition courses and involves lengthy, detailed research. Expository essays involve less research and are shorter in length. Expository essays are often used for in-class writing exercises or tests, such as the GED or GRE.

Argumentative essay assignments generally call for extensive research of literature or previously published material. Argumentative assignments may also require empirical research where the student collects data through interviews, surveys, observations, or experiments. Detailed research allows the student to learn about the topic and to understand different points of view regarding the topic so that she/he may choose a position and support it with the evidence collected during research. Regardless of the amount or type of research involved, argumentative essays must establish a clear thesis and follow sound reasoning.

The structure of the argumentative essay is held together by the following.

A clear, concise, and defined thesis statement that occurs in the first paragraph of the essay.

In the first paragraph of an argument essay, students should set the context by reviewing the topic in a general way. Next the author should explain why the topic is important ( exigence ) or why readers should care about the issue. Lastly, students should present the thesis statement. It is essential that this thesis statement be appropriately narrowed to follow the guidelines set forth in the assignment. If the student does not master this portion of the essay, it will be quite difficult to compose an effective or persuasive essay.

Clear and logical transitions between the introduction, body, and conclusion.

Transitions are the mortar that holds the foundation of the essay together. Without logical progression of thought, the reader is unable to follow the essay’s argument, and the structure will collapse. Transitions should wrap up the idea from the previous section and introduce the idea that is to follow in the next section.

Body paragraphs that include evidential support.

Each paragraph should be limited to the discussion of one general idea. This will allow for clarity and direction throughout the essay. In addition, such conciseness creates an ease of readability for one’s audience. It is important to note that each paragraph in the body of the essay must have some logical connection to the thesis statement in the opening paragraph. Some paragraphs will directly support the thesis statement with evidence collected during research. It is also important to explain how and why the evidence supports the thesis ( warrant ).

However, argumentative essays should also consider and explain differing points of view regarding the topic. Depending on the length of the assignment, students should dedicate one or two paragraphs of an argumentative essay to discussing conflicting opinions on the topic. Rather than explaining how these differing opinions are wrong outright, students should note how opinions that do not align with their thesis might not be well informed or how they might be out of date.

Evidential support (whether factual, logical, statistical, or anecdotal).

The argumentative essay requires well-researched, accurate, detailed, and current information to support the thesis statement and consider other points of view. Some factual, logical, statistical, or anecdotal evidence should support the thesis. However, students must consider multiple points of view when collecting evidence. As noted in the paragraph above, a successful and well-rounded argumentative essay will also discuss opinions not aligning with the thesis. It is unethical to exclude evidence that may not support the thesis. It is not the student’s job to point out how other positions are wrong outright, but rather to explain how other positions may not be well informed or up to date on the topic.

A conclusion that does not simply restate the thesis, but readdresses it in light of the evidence provided.

It is at this point of the essay that students may begin to struggle. This is the portion of the essay that will leave the most immediate impression on the mind of the reader. Therefore, it must be effective and logical. Do not introduce any new information into the conclusion; rather, synthesize the information presented in the body of the essay. Restate why the topic is important, review the main points, and review your thesis. You may also want to include a short discussion of more research that should be completed in light of your work.

A complete argument

Perhaps it is helpful to think of an essay in terms of a conversation or debate with a classmate. If I were to discuss the cause of World War II and its current effect on those who lived through the tumultuous time, there would be a beginning, middle, and end to the conversation. In fact, if I were to end the argument in the middle of my second point, questions would arise concerning the current effects on those who lived through the conflict. Therefore, the argumentative essay must be complete, and logically so, leaving no doubt as to its intent or argument.

The five-paragraph essay

A common method for writing an argumentative essay is the five-paragraph approach. This is, however, by no means the only formula for writing such essays. If it sounds straightforward, that is because it is; in fact, the method consists of (a) an introductory paragraph (b) three evidentiary body paragraphs that may include discussion of opposing views and (c) a conclusion.

Longer argumentative essays

Complex issues and detailed research call for complex and detailed essays. Argumentative essays discussing a number of research sources or empirical research will most certainly be longer than five paragraphs. Authors may have to discuss the context surrounding the topic, sources of information and their credibility, as well as a number of different opinions on the issue before concluding the essay. Many of these factors will be determined by the assignment.

Health care for all Essay

It is the government’s responsibility to provide healthcare for everyone. Whether communism, capitalism or otherwise, access to quality healthcare is an inalienable right for every citizen, regardless of age, economic status or race. Despite the fact that many people are covered under government funded programs such as Medicare, there are millions of citizens who do not have access to this right, due to the shortcomings of these government funded programs.

Most first world countries have single payer programs. In these programs, the government is the single payer where the amount of premium is concurrent with the salaries. As such, despite the fact that every citizen pays own health insurance premium, they spend far much less and are guaranteed access to quality healthcare.

Contrary to popular belief, universal health care is not an expensive project. Many analysts fear that it would add to government expenditure on healthcare, yet economic experts argues that with discipline and diligent political leadership, it is a plan that cannot only save government billions of dollar but also increase profit for private healthcare providers and insurers.

So real is this assumption that, private healthcare providers as well as healthcare insurance companies are willing to negotiate with the government on the possibility of universal healthcare. Although health care cost is soaring, the government needs to actualize universal healthcare plan to improve healthcare provision as well as consolidate other gains.

There are alarming statistics that the United States government is currently spending more than any other country on healthcare per person. So much is the spending that health care budget has surpassed the amount of money that the country spends on food.

This reality has two implications: that health care is important to a countries economy and that there is need for the government to think of ways to provide universal health care. Despite the fact that the government spends about $2 trillion on health care annually, the huge budget is not because the country is saddled with diseases.

A reports by research firm, MGI indicates that the ever increasing cost of health care is as a result of not harmonizing payout of health care by the government, employers and insurances to a single payout system (McKinsey & Co paras 1, 2). McKinsey & Co continues to argue that there is a vey high demand and supply for health care, but that most of the citizens do not have access to quality services (para 3).

This is despite the huge amounts spent every year in health care provision. MGI conclude that a single payout system has a number of advantages to the health care consumer as it will provide necessary regulations to streamline health care into a properly managed industry. It will also provide further incentives for growth. This acts as a major opportunity for health care cost efficiency and improvement. Overall, quality health care is brought closer to all citizens (McKinsey & Co para 4).

Analysts have argued that a universal health care plan has major obstacles. This assumption have been backed by high ranking politicians who argue that the plan would be too expensive for the government to carry out, that it is an unworthy political capital that would not generate desirable political returns and that private health care insurers stand to loose significantly. This assumption has several weaknesses. The assumption is not based on hard facts and furthermore, health care is not all about politics but the health of a nation.

The assumption however, is not very far from the truth but can be overcome, if there is strong, intelligent, meticulous and diligent political planning and leadership. A dedicated political leadership will see it as government concern to explain to the citizens that, even though a single payout plan does require additional revenue from tax, the extra tax spending would be significantly compensated by a huge reduction in private insurance expenditure.

The objections by healthcare private insurers are reasonably acceptable as they are fear that they will loose billions in profits every year. However, like the notion by politicians that it is not a worthy political gamble, the fear by private insurers is not founded on hard facts. Economic analyses of a single payout system conclude that having a single payout system enlarges the economic size of health care as it increases consumers as well as health care budget.

Therefore, private insurers will be informed that their fears are unfounded and that actually, a single payout system will increase their share of earnings. This conclusion is also based on the argument that as the pie gets larger, everyone gets a larger portion of the pie (Frank paras 5 to 10). Thus, the more need for the government to provide healthcare for all

In light of the new findings that there are bigger benefits for all, the role of private insurers in the provision of a single payout medical plan has come under scrutiny. Since time immemorial, private health care insurers have strongly objected to the plan.

But of late the private health care providers have accented to the reality that there needs to be radical changes in the health care sector to curtail the ever increasing cost of health care which do not necessarily lead to improved quality and quantity. Health care insurers have had a change of heart and want to be part of the single payout system.

Their softening of hearts is based on the assumptions convictions of president Barrack Obama that this plan needs to be flexible to accommodate all stakeholders and consolidate all gains from all sectors of the American health care industry. President Obama in his universal healthcare plan argues that universal health care means that all parties play a role to the success of the plan.

Quite humorously, but realistically nevertheless, president Obama called this approach the “common sense rules of the road” as universal health care plan would ensure that, among other benefits, there is no discrimination to people with preexisting condition to getting health care insurance (New York Times para 30 to 34). Following this conviction, the government thus needs to provide health care to all as it is not only practical but also necessary and beneficial.

There are more reasons why the government should provide health care for all. Under the universal health care scheme, it will become easier to provide preventative health care for a majority of people. Universal healthcare ensures that more people access health care services and as such consumers will have an increased awareness of their healthcare needs and seek prevention early enough.

This argument is based on studies which confirm that a higher percentage of people with health care insurance are aware of their health conditions than people without. With information about personal health, people will be able to seek preventative cure early enough at a lower cost and as such reducing the overall cost of healthcare (International Debate Education Association and Trapp 124).

The current health care programs, despite being backed by the government have significant shortcomings. Under such programs, only limited physicians offer services and as such patients are limited on the number of doctors they can consult. This mean that patients who buy into the programs are forced to abandon their personal doctors, if the personal doctors are not part of the plan. Furthermore, patients have to seek approval before the consult physicians under this scheme.

As such, these government sponsored program, instead of expanding healthcare, tend to limit it further. Moreover, the programs are discriminating in terms of age, economic s and employment statuses. If a person loses a job, then they also lose the health benefits (International Debate Education Association and Trapp 124). As such, there needs to be a universal healthcare for all, which guarantees access to medical services regardless of age, income and employment status.

Universal health care also has benefits to employers. Currently it is calculated that the US employers spend more than US$ 1500 for every worker in healthcare cost every year. It is also estimated that the cost of healthcare to employees goes up by at least 14 % every year. This is putting an unmanageable burden on employees.

This kind of rise in heath care cost is unsustainable. As such the government needs to come to the rescue of employers and save the American business (Sherrow 63). With such costs taken care off, the American employer will thus be able to offer more job opportunities

Universal healthcare program will also boost the economy in a variety of ways. With universal health care, the American employee will feel more secure and as scuh will not be tied to a particular employer for the fear of loosing the employer based health benefits. As such employees will be able to make more flexible career and professional choices that are not tired to health care benefits.

As such many people will gain the confidence of leaving their jobs and starting private business, without necessarily having to loose health benefits. While these encourage more flexible movement of professional, it also help boost the economy as more people will gain the confidence to move away from formal employment and to small business (Sherrow 63). This thus compels the government to provide universal healthcare.

The government needs to provide universal healthcare for everyone. Health care is currently costing the government too much money yet it does not guarantee ease of access to heath care by a significant portion of American citizenry.

As such the government needs to harmonize it heath care plans and provide a comprehensive single payer system in which it is the single payer. Despite being an expensive venture, universal health care guarantees social economic as well as professional benefits. These benefits will lead to the general improvement of the standard of living as well as boost the economy.

Works Cited

Frank, Robert. A health care plan so simple, even Stephen Colbert couldn’t simplify it . 2007. Web.

International Debate Education Association and Trapp, Robert. The debatabase book: A must-have guide for successful debate. New York: IDEA. 2009. Print.

McKinsey & Co. Accounting for the cost of health care in the United States . 2011. Web.

New York Times. Health Care Reform. 2011. Web.

Sherrow, Victoria. Universal healthcare . New York: InfoBase Publishing. 2009. Print.

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