monsoon weather essay

English Compositions

Short Essay on Monsoon [100, 200, 400 Words] With PDF

Our today’s session is going to be focused on writing short essays on the Monsoon season. I will write three different sets of essays on monsoon in this session, covering different word limits most commonly recommended in various exams. 

Short Essay on Monsoon in 100 Words

The term monsoon is derived from the Arabic word ‘Mausam,’ meaning seasons. Several parts of the world actually experience two major seasons. Those are summer and winter. Alongside with it two short seasons of spring and autumn intermediate the major ones. But none experiences the rainy season as particular a part of the seasonal cycle.

Only India has this speciality, whose climate is the tropical monsoon since, for a greater part of the year, the people enjoy rainfall. Monsoon is the significant one helping in Indian agriculture. It is also the source of water for drought-prone and dry areas. Indian life depends principally on it since its arrival and departure is the reason for the well-being of the people.

Short Essay on Monsoon in 200 Words

Every place on earth is inhabited by certain people, vegetation, culture, which arise out of the typical climate and seasonal diversities that every place experiences. India is a land of diversities, not much for its variety in inhabitants and culture, several states, but also for the uniqueness of its climate.

Indian climate is called the Tropical Monsoon because it is the only country that experiences rainfall in a particular season. It is unavailable in the rest of the world. The term monsoon comes from the Arabic term ‘Mausam’ meaning season. The Indian climate favours the monsoon season as it is the most important force behind its agrarian economy. 

Monsoon occurs on two spells in India, where the southern part experiences it twice during summer and winter. Monsoon arrives in India in June and continues till September. It is mainly conducted by the si=outh-west wind to drive the moist air from the Indian ocean and the Bay of Bengal to cause rainfall on its eastern sides.

The deserts remain dry because the moist water ends up by the time it reaches the west. An early or late monsoon is a symbol of flood and drought respectively since it is the vagaries that affect the cultivation. Hence its proper showering is essential for the sustenance of life.

Short Essay on Monsoon in 400 Words

Rain is one of the most significant natural forces on earth, which drives the course of vegetation, human and animal lives, and the cultural context of a certain place. If a place is well fed by rainfall then it will produce greenery and softness in minds of people, whereas regions on earth that hardly receive any water have to toil really hard with the deserts in their background. Thus monsoon is time to nurture nature and ourselves to the best of our ability.

The term monsoon is not an indigenous term. It is derived from the Arabic term ‘Mausam’ meaning season. Monsoon in plain terms means the rainy season and India is the best country to recognize the significance of Monsoon. It is the time when seasonal winds blow from the south towards the north, thus taking up moist winds from the Indian ocean and the Bay of Bengal and resulting in creating rainfall in the eastern part of India.

The winds blow from southwest to northeast. By the time it reaches the Western Ghats, the moist winds get dry and create very little rain. Monsoon determines the position of agriculture in India, where adequate rainfall supports optimum crop cultivation and production. Monsoon defines India according to two slopes. The places receiving rainfall are the perfect region to produce a better lifestyle, than the rain shadow areas that hardly ever receive rain. In fact, the equatorial regions also receive heavy rain throughout the year and are the belt of the deep equatorial forests. 

Monsoon is responsible for floods and drought. It happens according to the wet spell and dry spell. If the monsoon arrives prior to its time or departs much late than its usual time, it is the wet spell that creates a flood. On the other hand, if the monsoon is too late to arrive or arrives much before its completion of a cycle, then the dry spell creates drought and scarcity of water. These are the vagaries of monsoon and it creates immense trouble to the countrymen. India’s agrarian economy is highly hampered due to the drought and flood and it becomes very difficult to revive it again. 

Monsoon is hence one the most essential seasonal aspect of India, where Cherapunji receives the maximum rainfall in the whole world. While the world is satisfied with summer and winter, India experiences a wonderful and unique cycle of seasons, where monsoon is not just a show of drizzles.

I have written the essays above with a very simplistic approach for a better and easier understanding of all kinds of students. So, hopefully after going through this lesson, all your doubts regarding this context have been resolved. If you still have any queries regarding today’s session, kindly let me know through the comment section below. Keep browsing our website to read more such important sessions on various important topics. 

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ENCYCLOPEDIC ENTRY

Encyclopedic entry. A monsoon is a seasonal change in the direction of the prevailing, or strongest, winds of a region. Monsoons cause wet and dry seasons throughout much of the tropics.

Earth Science, Meteorology, Geography, Human Geography, Physical Geography

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A monsoon is a seasonal change in the direction of the prevailing, or strongest, winds of a region. Monsoons cause wet and dry seasons throughout much of the tropics . Monsoons are most often associated with the Indian Ocean. Monsoons always blow from cold to warm regions. The summer monsoon and the winter monsoon determine the climate for most of India and Southeast Asia. Summer Monsoon

The summer monsoon is associated with heavy rainfall . It usually happens between April and September. As winter ends, warm, moist air from the southwest Indian Ocean blows toward countries like India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Myanmar. The summer monsoon brings a humid climate and torrential rainfall to these areas. India and Southeast Asia depend on the summer monsoon . Agriculture , for example, relies on the yearly rain. Many areas in these countries do not have large irrigation systems surrounding lakes, rivers, or snowmelt areas. Aquifers , or supplies of underground water, are shallow. The summer monsoon fills wells and aquifers for the rest of the year. Rice and tea are some crops that rely on the summer monsoon . Dairy farms, which help make India the largest milk producer in the world, also depend on the monsoon rains to keep cows healthy and well -fed. Industry in India and Southeast Asia also relies on the summer monsoon . A great deal of electricity in the region is produced by hydroelectric power plants, which are driven by water collected during the monsoons . Electricity powers hospitals, schools, and businesses that help the economies of these areas develop. When the summer monsoon is late or weak, the regions economy suffers. Fewer people can grow their own food, and large agribusinesses do not have produce to sell. Governments must import food. Electricity becomes more expensive, sometimes limiting development to large businesses and wealthy individuals. The summer monsoon has been called Indias true finance minister . Heavy summer monsoons can cause great damage . Residents of such urban areas as Mumbai, India, are used to the streets flooding with almost half a meter (1.5 feet) of water every summer. However, when the summer monsoon is stronger than expected, floods can devastate the region. In cities like Mumbai, entire neighborhoods can be drowned . In rural areas, mudslides can bury villages and destroy crops . In 2005, a strong monsoon devastated western India. As the summer monsoon blew in from the southwest, it first hit the state of Gujarat. More than 100 people died. Then, the monsoon rains hit the state of Maharashtra. Flooding in Maharashtra killed more than 1,000 people. On July 26, 2005, the city of Mumbai, Maharashtra, received almost a meter (39.1 inches) of rain.

Winter Monsoon

The Indian Oceans winter monsoon , which lasts from October to April, is less well -known than its rainy summer equivalent. The dry winter monsoon blows from the northeast. These winds start in the air above Mongolia and northwestern China. Winter monsoons are less powerful than summer monsoons in Southeast Asia, in part because the Himalaya Mountains prevent much of the wind and moisture of the monsoons from reaching the coast. The Himalayas also prevent much of the cool air from reaching places like southern India and Sri Lanka, keeping them warm all year. Winter monsoons are sometimes associated with droughts . Not all winter monsoons are dry , however. Unlike the western part of Southeast Asia, the eastern, Pacific coast of Southeast Asia experiences its rainy season in the winter. The winter monsoon brings moist air from the South China Sea to areas like Indonesia and Malaysia. Other Monsoons

The Asian-Australian monsoon , which includes the Indian Ocean, stretches from northern Australia to Russias Pacific coast. This huge monsoon wind system then stretches into the Indian Ocean. Finally, it reaches its end on the Indian coast of Africa. Monsoon winds exist in other parts of the world, too. The North American monsoon happens once a year, usually in the middle of summer. Warm, moist air from the Gulf of California blows northeast, while warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico blows northwest. These two winds meet over the Sierra Madre Occidental mountains in central Mexico. The monsoon brings moisture to the mountain ecosystem before continuing north to the U.S. states of Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. The North American monsoon can be a natural aid to firefighters . Summer temperatures in Arizona regularly reach more than 100 degrees Fahrenheit, making wildfires difficult to contain . The North American monsoon is also the primary water source for most desert ecosystems in the region. However, it can also confuse and interrupt daily life for people and businesses not used to dealing with heavy rain.

Monsoon Cup The Monsoon Cup is an international yachting race held every year in the state of Terengganu, Malaysia. The race is held during monsoon season, making it a challenging race for sailors.

Monsoon Zone The Monsoon Zone is a belt of low-pressure air currents that circle the Earth at the Equator. The Monsoon Zone is also known as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The Monsoon Zone is usually warm and experiences mild winds. At sea, the Monsoon Zone is known as the Doldrums due to its lack of winds.

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Related Resources

Essay On Monsoon In India For Students in Easy Words

• January 6, 2022

Monsoon is the most important season in India. It brings moisture to the land and helps plants grow. The rains are also a blessing for farmers, who can now sow their crops without fear of being affected by drought.

Introduction:

Rains are so important to Indians that they can’t fathom their lives without them. Our nation is mostly agrarian and heavily reliant on rainfall. Rain is something that everyone in India enjoys. Today, we shall learn about the Indian monsoon in this essay.

Forecast for the Indian Monsoon

The monsoon predictions are generated based on these 16 factors, which are split into four sections. Temperature, wind, pressure, and snowfall are all factors taken into account while generating predictions.

The country of India is split into many regions. India is divided into 28 states and seven union territories, each of which has its own temperature monitoring system.

When Does The Monsoon Arrive?

In the summer, large swaths of Asia, including India, begin to heat up. As a result, the air above it begins to heat up and move outwards. Monsoon winds are formed when air from the high-pressure ocean moves towards the land.

On June 1, the southwest monsoon arrives in the usual southern portion of India. The monsoon usually arrives on Kerala’s coasts in the first five days of June. From here, it travels north, and by the end of June, it has fully blanketed much of India.

The Arrival of the Monsoon Has Been Adjusted

Since three-quarters of a century, there has been no decent rain in October. The Meteorological Department has also begun planning to alter the monsoon’s arrival date.

All agricultural-related programs, including agriculture planning, would have to be re-planned in such a scenario. According to scientists, the most significant factor influencing monsoon timing is global warming.

The Days of the Monsoon are Getting Shorter

A rainy day is defined as one in which 3 mm or more of rain falls in a single day. The average number of rainy days in the capital has been gradually dropping over the past two decades, compared to the norm before the 1980s, according to rainfall data.

In this manner, scientists are examining the long-term average of days with decreasing rainfall in the capital as a result of climate change. The city’s residents are also enjoying less rainy days these days.

In July and August, there is heavy rain on some days and bright sunlight on others. The only indications of climate change are these.

Conclusion:

The rainy season brings a wave of happiness to people’s lives. In fact, the rainy season is the nectar for all living things on the planet. We humans must address the issue of global warming in order for the monsoon season to arrive on schedule.

The a rainy day paragraph 400 words is a short essay on monsoon in India. It has been written for students, and it has been broken down into easy words that can be easily understood by any one reading this essay.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is monsoon season in simple words.

Monsoon season is the time of year when there are more than two months with a significant amount of rainfall.

What is monsoon essay?

Monsoon is a type of weather system that occurs when moist air from the Indian Ocean moves over land masses in Asia.

What is the monsoon season in India?

Monsoon season in India is when the weather changes from dry to wet. The monsoon season typically lasts 7 months, but it can vary depending on location.

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Essay on Monsoon in India

Students are often asked to write an essay on Monsoon in India in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Monsoon in India

Introduction.

Monsoon in India is an annual phenomenon that greatly influences the country’s climate. It arrives around June and lasts until September.

Significance of Monsoon

The monsoon is crucial for India’s agriculture. It provides the necessary water for crop growth, helping farmers produce food for the nation.

Monsoon’s Impact

Monsoon also impacts the economy, as a good monsoon season boosts agricultural output, leading to economic growth. However, heavy rainfall can cause floods.

Despite challenges, the monsoon is eagerly awaited in India. It brings life, prosperity, and a break from the summer heat.

250 Words Essay on Monsoon in India

Monsoon is the lifeblood of India’s agrarian economy, influencing crop production, thereby determining the economic health of the country. The rain-fed paddy fields of West Bengal, the tea gardens of Assam, and the spice plantations of Kerala owe their bounty to the monsoon rains. The monsoon also replenishes reservoirs and groundwater, ensuring water security.

Monsoon and Culture

The monsoon has deeply permeated India’s cultural ethos. It’s celebrated in literature, music, dance, and festivals. The joyous festival of ‘Teej’ in Rajasthan or ‘Onam’ in Kerala, are intrinsically linked to the monsoon season.

Monsoon Variability and Climate Change

However, the monsoon’s capricious nature can wreak havoc, causing floods or droughts. Climate change exacerbates this variability, threatening food security and livelihoods. It necessitates the development of robust climate models and adaptation strategies to mitigate these risks.

In conclusion, the monsoon in India is not merely a meteorological phenomenon but a vital cog in the country’s economy and culture. Understanding its patterns and impacts is crucial, especially in the face of climate change. The monsoon, with its rhythmic ebb and flow, continues to shape the destiny of India.

500 Words Essay on Monsoon in India

Monsoon in India is a season of great significance, marking a period of rejuvenation for the country’s flora and fauna, agriculture, and economy. The Indian subcontinent, due to its geographical positioning and topography, experiences a unique monsoonal climate, characterized by a dramatic shift in wind patterns and rainfall.

The Phenomenon of Monsoon

The Indian monsoon is a lifeline for the economy, particularly for the agricultural sector. Over 58% of India’s population relies on agriculture, which in turn is heavily dependent on the monsoon rains. The monsoon not only determines the yield of crops but also influences the prices of essential commodities, thereby impacting the country’s inflation and economic growth.

Beyond agriculture, the monsoon also replenishes reservoirs and groundwater levels, ensuring a year-round water supply for domestic and industrial use. Moreover, the monsoon season is crucial for maintaining the country’s rich biodiversity. Many species of animals and plants are adapted to the monsoon cycle, and their survival hinges on timely and adequate rainfall.

Challenges of Monsoon

Despite its significance, the Indian monsoon also poses serious challenges. Unpredictable rainfall patterns can lead to droughts or floods, causing immense damage to life and property. Climate change is exacerbating these challenges, making monsoon patterns increasingly erratic and unpredictable.

In conclusion, the monsoon in India is a complex phenomenon with far-reaching implications. It is a season of rejuvenation and celebration, yet it also brings with it challenges that need to be managed effectively. As climate change continues to alter monsoon patterns, it is imperative for India to invest in robust climate-resilient strategies to safeguard its economy, ecology, and cultural heritage.

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

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Essay on Monsoon Season For Students and Children

We are Sharing an Essay on Monsoon Season  in English for students and children. In this article, we have tried our best to provide a short ( Rainy Season | Monsoon Season Essay  for Classes 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12, and Graduation in 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 800 words.

Essay on Monsoon in India

Monsoons are those air currents that flow from the Indian Ocean and Arabian sea and bring rain to us. India is an agricultural-based country, its total economy depends on agriculture, the monsoon is very important and useful to us. If there are good and timely rains, our crops will be good and people will be prosperous. If unfortunately there are fewer and untimely rains or no rains at all there will be famine, diseases, and deaths. More than sixty percent of our agricultural land is dependent on rain. If there is famine people will be forced to die of hunger even the cattle could not be provided with fodder or green grass. There will be famine of water also.

If there will be heavy rains, all the rivers would be flooded with water. These flooded rivers are a boon to the farmers. The rivers bring with them rich soils and different types of minerals and salts from the mountains and spread it along with a long-distance on the banks of the river making the land fertile.

Monsoon is also very useful to all the peoples. Tanks, ponds, and rivers are filled with water. In Rajasthan and some other areas of Gujarat, the rainwater is stored in big tanks. This water is used throughout the year for the purpose of drinking and other household activities. If the monsoon fails in Rajasthan it will have a very drastic effect on the people of the state in general. There will be double famine. The famine of foodgrains as well as of water.

In the summer season when scorching heat makes the life of the people hell. Even hundreds of birds, animals, and beasts die of thirst. Many people suffer heatstroke and collapse on the road. The dark clouds of the monsoon bring enjoyment to all. Peacock dances with joy. When the rain comes the joys leaps no bounds. One gets relief from the heat of the summer season. The people who were sweating throughout the nights and having sleepless nights enjoy a sound sleep. Farmers sing and praise God for his kindness to them. The thirsty birds and animals get abundant water to clinch their thirst. Every tree looks more refreshing. There is greenery all around. The fruits of the monsoon season arrived in the market. Thus we can say monsoon season plays a very important role in our lifeline.

But as we know excess of everything is bad, if the monsoon is very heavy. They have a reverse effect on the life of the people. If there are heavy rains, it means the whole country suffers from floods. Especially the cities and villages which are near a river suffer heavily. The standing crops are washed away, cattle are carried away with the fast currents of water and houses turn into heaps of mud. There is a great loss to human life and property.

Q.1 What is the monsoon? Ans. Monsoon is those air currents that flow from the Indian Ocean and Arabian sea and bring rain to us.

Q.2 What are the effects of untimely and less rain? Ans. If there are less and untimely rains or no rains at all there will be famine, diseases, and deaths.

Q.3 How heavy rain is useful to farmers? Ans. Due to heavy rains, all the rivers would be flooded with water. These flooded rivers are a boon to the farmers. The rivers bring with them rich soils from the mountains and make the land fertile.

Q.4 What are the effects of heavy rains? Ans. By heavy rains, the country suffers from floods. The standing crops are washed away, cattle are carried away by flood and houses turn into heaps of mud. There is a great loss to human life and property.

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Monsoon flooding in Mumbai this month. Himanshu Bhatt/NurPhoto via Getty Images

As the Monsoon and Climate Shift, India Faces Worsening Floods

Extreme precipitation events are on the rise in India, driven by warming temperatures and changes in the monsoon. The resulting floods are being exacerbated by unplanned urban growth and environmental degradation, driving millions from their homes and causing widespread damage.

By Vaishnavi Chandrashekhar • September 17, 2019

For centuries, Indians have rejoiced at the arrival of the monsoon to break summer’s fever. From June to September, rains water the crops, revive rivers and wells, and cool the air.

Increasingly, however, the season’s sweet relief is laced with apprehension. The torrential rains that submerged parts of India this year are the latest in a string of major floods in the past decade, some caused by record rainfall — a scenario that many worry could become the “new normal” as climate change increases the frequency of extreme weather. This year, for instance, the monsoon arrived late and on the heels of a drought. Rains sputtered through June, then came on with a fierce intensity. Since early July, spells of heavy rain have led to flooding in 11 states, taking 1,200 lives and displacing millions. Many farmers desperate for rain saw their crops washed away.

India’s summer monsoon has always been variable and has often precipitated floods, especially in the basins of the great Himalayan rivers. But experts say that a combination of global warming, unplanned urban growth, and environmental degradation is increasing flood risk in India.

New studies show that extreme precipitation events are on the rise in large parts of India, especially multi-day deluges that lead to large-scale floods. Warmer temperatures are also speeding up glacier melt in the Himalayas, which is projected to increase flow rates in the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers. As importantly, destruction of mountains and hills, as well as development on floodplains and marshes, are exacerbating risk, as was seen in last year’s historic floods in the southern state of Kerala. Those floods were caused by extreme rainfall and mismanagement of dam reservoirs, but mining and construction in the Western Ghats, a major hill range, contributed to damaging landslides. The floods in August 2018 took 483 lives, affected 5.4 million people , and temporarily shut down the state’s new airport, which was built on a floodplain.

One study showed a three-fold rise in extreme precipitation events across central India from 1950 to 2015.

“Hydro-meteorological events are on the rise,” says Muralee Thummarukudy, operations manager at the crisis management branch of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP). “But in India, especially, more people are also living in vulnerable areas and leading more affluent lifestyles than before. So more individual and community resources are at risk.”

The number of floods in India rose to 90 in the 10-year period from 2006 to 2015, up from 67 in the 10 years between 1996 to 2005, according to the UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. Globally, floods made up 47 percent of all climate-related disasters from 2006 to 2015, up from 40 percent in the 1996-2005 period, says the agency’s 2015 report. Overall flood mortality fell in those two decades, except in a handful of countries, including India, where death tolls continued to rise, from 13,660 from 1996 to 2005, to 15,860 from 2006 to 2015. Experts say this is a sign that despite improved warnings and response, India needs to do more to reduce risk. Chief among those steps is regulation of housing and infrastructure in floodplains — a trend that has intensified in recent years as India’s urban population and economy have grown.

A 2017 global analysis by the World Resources Institute said that India has the most GDP exposed to river flooding ($14.3 billion), a number that could rise 10-fold by 2030 as the economy continues to grow. “However good the emergency response,” says Thummarukudy, “the damages will keep coming unless we tackle the problem head on.”

One key to preventing or reducing flood damage is understanding the shifting contours of the summer monsoon, which brings about 35 inches of rainfall to India every summer. A complex weather system influenced by both global atmospheric circulation and regional meteorological forces, the monsoon is an important piece of the climate puzzle — any change in the system affects the food and water security of billions in the Indian subcontinent, many of them extremely poor.

A water line in the middle of this wall shows how high floodwaters reached in one Badlapur home in July. Vaishnavi Chandrashekhar / Yale e360

Those changes are not fully understood. Observations have shown a decline in mean monsoon rainfall since the 1950s partly due to the rapid warming of the Indian Ocean, which weakens monsoon circulation. The conversion of forests to farmland is also reducing evapotranspiration , which contributes significantly to rainfall, especially in the latter half of the monsoon season. But this century, an increase in land warming appears to be pulling in more moisture from the ocean and reviving the overall monsoon — at least for now.

As important as total rainfall is the distribution of that precipitation. Roxy Mathew Koll, a climate scientist at the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, said that in parts of India, “what we are seeing is that there are more frequent heavy rainfall events as well as dry spells, and fewer moderate rainfall events.”

A 2017 study by Koll showed a three-fold rise in extreme precipitation events across central India from 1950 to 2015. The study also appeared to explain why extreme precipitation increased even as monsoon circulation weakened: The heavy rain events are caused by surges of moisture from a warming Arabian Sea.

Most studies project that extreme rainfall will continue to rise with temperatures. “In terms of total rainfall, the models don’t all agree,” said Roxy. “But we have high confidence that heavy rainfall events are going to increase further.”

At one point last month, an estimated 1.2 million people were living in government relief camps after widespread flooding.

In new research simulating rainfall and floods under different climate scenarios in 18 Indian river basins, scientists from the Indian Institute of Technology in Gandhinagar projected that multi-day rainfall events would increase across these basins. That’s important, said associate professor Vimal Mishra, because heavy rainfall over several days is what causes large-scale basin flooding.

“You have to evacuate more people and more poor people are affected,” said Mishra. Responding to floods in different areas at the same time — as happened this year — also strains emergency response efforts, he notes. Last month, the Indian army, air force, and National Disaster Response Force were deployed to rescue people across six states in northern and western India. At one point, an estimated 1.2 million people were living in government relief camps.

Mishra’s study did find that the frequency of floods in the low-carbon emissions scenario, in which global temperature increases stabilize at 1 degree C, was half that of the high-emission one, in which temperatures would rise by 3.7 degrees Celsius (6.6 degrees Fahrenheit). However, with global CO2 emissions continuing to steadily increase, the chances of holding temperature increases to under 2 degrees C (3.6 degrees F) seem increasingly remote. Still, the study shows climate change mitigation is important, said Mishra.

For the rivers fed by the Himalayas, glacier melt is an added worry. A study published in June that analyzed satellite data on 650 glaciers across the Himalayas found that the average ice loss rate had doubled during the 2000-2016 period, compared to the previous 25 years. More glacier melt means increased runoff, said Vikrant Jain, another scientist at IIT Gandhinagar, as well as the possibility of more glacial lake outburst floods — the sudden release of an enormous quantity of water when an ice block holding back water melts. In 2013, heavy rain followed by a glacial lake outburst caused devastating floods and landslides in the Himalayan state of Uttarakhand. The floods killed upwards of 4,000 people, destroyed the Hindu pilgrimage town of Kedarnath, and damaged roads, bridges, and dams, causing economic losses of $3.8 billion.

Flooding in the city of Jamkhandi in southwestern India in August. STR/AFP/Getty Images

Meanwhile, on India’s coastal plains — where rivers and sea meet large urban populations — another kind of flood risk could increase. In a study published last year, Mishra and his colleagues found that short bursts of heavy rainfall, lasting only hours, are likely to increase by 20 percent if the global mean temperature rises above 1.5 degrees C. Such “sub-daily” extremes have the most impact on urban flooding, Mishra says, noting that storm water systems need to be redesigned for the new extremes.

Unplanned urbanization is already increasing flooding . India added 90 million people to its urban population between 2001 and 2011, and will add 416 million more by 2050, according to the UN. Rain runoff automatically goes up when permeable soil is replaced by impervious surfaces, such as roads and parking lots. In addition, sprawling Indian cities have been building on wetlands and expanding into floodplains. And urbanization itself may be affecting rainfall patterns. Studies from the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay have found that urban heat islands could be intensifying thunderstorms over Mumbai.

“At different levels,” says Koll, “we are seeing a human imprint on rainfall.”


A small concrete shed is tucked away on the banks of the Ulhas River at Badlapur, a suburban town on the outskirts of the coastal metropolis of Mumbai, population 21 million. On one wall is painted a list of the high flood line in meters since 1991. The river crossed the danger mark 12 times in this period, the highest in 2005 when record-breaking rainfall, coupled with high tides, submerged the metropolitan region. The second-worst flood came this July, when the river rose with heavy monsoon rainfall, affecting more than 50,000 people. The deluge swamped cars, shops, and ground-floor apartments in the new buildings that had sprung up on land close to the river.

The absence of flood zoning has enabled risky development in Mumbai and other Indian cities.

The absence of flood zoning has enabled that risky development in Mumbai and other Indian cities. New residents in Badlapur, many of them first-time homebuyers, say they are shaken. Revati Rahate, who had moved into her new house only in May, had woken up in the middle of the night to feed her 10-day-old baby when she discovered water rushing into her ground-floor apartment. The Rahates fled to higher floors, and when the waters receded after two days, moved to her sister’s home for 10 days. Their building lost water and power, their home was full of mud, and with continued heavy rains, Revati says she lives in fear of another flood.

Badlapur was just one area in the western state of Maharashtra to be hit by floods during this summer’s monsoon. In July and August, floods affected almost 300,000 people and damaged nearly 1 million acres of farmland. Another round of heavy rain submerged parts of Mumbai earlier this month , requiring emergency forces to rescue stranded commuters. In response to recent flooding events, the Maharashtra government has established a task force on climate change. The Indian government is planning a new law to better manage major river basins.

This family had to evacuate its ground-floor home in Badlapur in late July when floodwaters reached the ceiling. Vaishnavi Chandrashekhar / Yale e360

What can India do to reduce its flood risk? More, and better, science would be a start. Gaps include modelling small-scale cloud dynamics and understanding the exact role of the Bay of Bengal in the monsoon, says Koll. More research is also needed on river hydrology, says IIT Gandhinagar’s Jain. Flood models don’t incorporate sediment dynamics, for instance, which play a role in Himalyan river flooding. High sediment loads can reduce the capacity of a channel, leading to overtopping of the banks.

Beyond forecasting, flood management policies need an overhaul, experts say. Historically, in India as elsewhere, flood management has been about creating embankments and dams to control floods. But a 2017 audit in 17 Indian states found delays in completion of river management projects and deficiencies in flood protection structures.

Meanwhile, new ecosystem-based flood management approaches being promoted by international agencies have yet to catch on in India. That includes planning cities with ponds and permeable surfaces, restoring wetlands and forests, and regulating development in floodplains and hills, said Raghu Murtugudde, professor of earth sciences at the University of Maryland. Flood zone mapping and regulation of the sort that would have helped the townships along the Ulhas River was proposed decades ago, but has not been implemented.

“In the long run, the solution is better risk-informed land-use planning: Where do you build and how do you build,” says UNEP’s Thummarukudy, who consulted with the Kerala government after the floods last year. “Disaster risk reduction and environment protection go hand in hand.”

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What Is a Monsoon?

Although many of the most well-known monsoons are in Asia, the U.S. Southwest also regularly experiences monsoon season. This photo shows a storm during monsoon season in Petrified Forest National Park in Arizona. Credit: National Park Service/Stewart Holmes

When people think of a monsoon, they often think of heavy rains that pour down for weeks. While a rainy season is part of a monsoon, a monsoon is more than just rain. In fact, monsoons can also cause dry weather. Monsoons are caused by a change in the direction of the wind that happens when the seasons change. In fact, even the word monsoon comes from the Arabic word mausim, which means “season.”

What causes a monsoon?

A monsoon is caused by a seasonal shift in the winds. The winds shift because the temperature of the land and the temperature of the water are different as seasons change. For example, at the beginning of summer, the land warms up faster than bodies of water. Monsoon winds always blow from cold to warm. In the summer, warm air rising off the land creates conditions that reverse the direction of the wind.

This diagram shows how seasonal temperature differences between the land and ocean can create the right conditions for a monsoon. Credit: NOAA/JPL

Why does a monsoon cause rain?

The monsoons that cause heaviest rainfall are summer monsoons near the Indian Ocean. Warm water in the ocean evaporates, rising into the air. This causes the wind to change direction and moisture blows toward the land in countries such as India and Sri Lanka. The warm, moist air then condenses and becomes rain . The result is a period of humidity and heavy rainfall that can last for months.

When the wind changes direction in the winter, it is called a winter monsoon. Winter monsoons in these regions near the Indian Ocean are usually dry.

Where do monsoons happen?

While many of the most well-known monsoons are in Asia, monsoons can happen anywhere there is a seasonal difference in temperature between the land and water. This is usually in tropical and subtropical climates .

The North American Monsoon is a seasonal change in wind that occurs as the summer sun heats the land of North America. During much of the year, the strongest winds over northwestern Mexico, Arizona and New Mexico are dry air blowing from the west.

As the land heats up in the summer, the wind begins to change direction and blows from the south. This new wind blows moist air from the Pacific Ocean and Gulf of California into the region, resulting in thunderstorms and rainfall.

In general, the North American Monsoon begins each year in Mexico in June. The winds blowing from the south move the monsoon to the U.S. Southwest in July. By mid-September, winds are once again blowing from the west, marking the end of the monsoon.

During typical conditions in the spring, the U.S. Southwest experiences strong, dry winds blowing from the west. During a summer monsoon, the region experiences winds from the south, which carry moisture from the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California. This can cause heavy rainfall and thunderstorms. Credit: NOAA/JPL

How do we watch monsoons from space?

With weather satellites, of course! Weather satellites, such as those in the GOES-R series are constantly keeping an eye on Earth’s weather. The GOES-16 satellite captured this imagery of a monsoon moving into the U.S. Southwest in August 2018.

The GOES-16 weather satellite captured this imagery of water vapor moving into the U.S. Southwest in August 2018. This is a typical monsoon pattern for this region. Thunderstorms are represented by dark blue, green and red, while dry air is deep orange. Credit: NOAA

Monitoring monsoons in the U.S. Southwest is very important. More than 50% of the annual rain in Arizona and New Mexico falls during summer monsoon season, from July to September. Tracking the movement of a monsoon from space helps people down on Earth to plan for safety during storms, and also to anticipate the storm’s impact on their water supply.

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• School Education /

Essay on Rainy Season in 100, 200, 300 & 500 Words

• Updated on  
• Jan 29, 2024

Mastering the art of essay writing is a crucial skill that allows individuals to effectively convey their thoughts and ideas. Essays provide a platform to express creativity, analysis, and knowledge on a wide range of topics. In this article, we delve into the dos and don’ts of crafting an impactful essay, followed by explorations of the rainy season in 100, 200, 300, and 500 words.

Table of Contents

• 1 Dos and Don’ts of Essay Writing
• 2 Essay on Rainy Season in 100 words
• 3 Essay on Rainy Season in 200 words
• 4 Essay on Rainy Season in 300 words
• 5 Essay on Rainy Season in 500 words

Also Read: Practical Tips for the PTE Essay Writing and Summarise Written Text

Dos and Don’ts of Essay Writing

• Do: Plan your essay by outlining key points and organizing them logically.
• Don’t: Procrastinate. Start early to allow time for research and revisions.
• Do: Use clear and concise language to convey your ideas effectively.
• Don’t: Overcomplicate your sentences with excessive jargon or complex structures.
• Do: Provide evidence and examples to support your arguments.
• Don’t: Rely solely on your opinions without substantiating them.
• Do: Proofread and edit your essay for grammar and coherence.
• Don’t: Ignore the importance of proper grammar and punctuation.

Must Read: The Beginner’s Guide to Writing an Essay

Essay on Rainy Season in 100 words

The monsoon, often referred to as the rainy season, brings respite to India’s scorching summer. It typically arrives between June and September, nurturing new plant growth and replenishing groundwater levels. However, excessive rains can lead to floods, disrupting daily life. This season’s moderate temperatures create a comfortable environment, fostering a balance between extreme heat and cold. The rainy season is eagerly awaited by people of all ages for its soothing showers and natural beauty.

Also Read: Essay on Rainwater Harvesting: Water Saving Techniques

Essay on Rainy Season in 200 words

The monsoon, cherished as the rainy season, bestows India with a much-needed break from the sweltering summer. It occurs between June and September, providing the essential water source for agriculture and daily life. The season paints the landscape in vibrant hues, with nature coming alive in the rain’s wake. This period witnesses an abundance of lush greenery and blooming flowers, rejuvenating the environment. While it brings joy, the rainy season also presents challenges such as floods and traffic disruptions. Despite these issues, the sight of children playing in puddles and the aroma of wet earth evokes a sense of nostalgia in everyone.

Also Read: Water Resources Class 10

Essay on Rainy Season in 300 words

The monsoon, celebrated as the rainy season, is an integral part of India’s climate cycle. Beginning in June and lasting till September, this season plays a vital role in the nation’s agriculture and overall ecosystem. The monsoon’s arrival is marked by the unique aroma of wet soil, heralding the onset of rains. It’s a time when farmers sow their crops, relying on the bountiful showers to nourish the land. While the rains bring relief from the scorching heat, they also pose challenges such as waterlogging, disrupted transportation, and increased disease prevalence.

India’s varied geography is reflected in the monsoon’s behaviour. Coastal regions receive heavy rains due to their proximity to the sea, while regions farther inland experience comparatively milder showers. Despite the occasional inconveniences, the rainy season holds immense cultural significance. It’s a time of joy and celebration, with festivals like Teej and Raksha Bandhan adding colour to the downpour.

Also Read: NCERT Class 8 Geography: Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources (Free PDF)

Essay on Rainy Season in 500 words

The rainy season, a vital component of India’s meteorological pattern, arrives with a refreshing change. Lasting from June to September, it’s marked by widespread showers that quench the land’s thirst after the sweltering heat of summer. The monsoon’s onset is often anticipated with great eagerness, as it brings not only relief but also a sense of renewal to the environment.

As the first raindrops touch the earth, a unique fragrance fills the air, blending the scent of wet soil with the promise of new beginnings. The downpour brings with it a cascade of benefits. Agricultural communities rejoice as the rains enable them to plant crops that will eventually feed the nation. Rivers, lakes, and reservoirs witness a significant rise in water levels, rejuvenating these vital water sources.

However, the monsoon isn’t without its challenges. Excessive rainfall can lead to floods and landslides, causing damage to property and even loss of life. Waterlogging and disrupted transportation systems are common during heavy showers. Diseases such as malaria and dengue thrive in this season due to stagnant water. Thus, while the rainy season brings relief, it also necessitates preparedness and precautions.

The cultural significance of the monsoon cannot be overstated. It’s a time of celebration, as various regions mark the season with festivals. The Teej festival, celebrated predominantly by women, pays tribute to the union of Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati, while Raksha Bandhan strengthens the bond between siblings. These festivals infuse the monsoon with a sense of joy, making it a cherished period.

In conclusion, the rainy season in India is a pivotal time that shapes the nation’s landscape and culture. Its arrival brings relief from the heat, nurtures agriculture, and rejuvenates natural water sources. While it poses challenges, the monsoon’s positive impact far outweighs the inconveniences. Its cultural significance is manifested through festivals that celebrate the season’s essence.

Also Read: Which Region Receives the Most Rainfall in India?

To craft a rainy season essay, begin with an engaging introduction that highlights the significance of the season. Describe its duration (typically June to September) and its impact on agriculture and nature. Discuss its pros, like relief from heat, and cons, such as floods. Highlight cultural aspects like festivals. Conclude by summarizing its importance.

The rainy season, occurring from June to September is a vital period in many regions. It brings relief from the summer heat and rejuvenates the environment. While it aids agriculture and replenishes water sources, it also poses challenges like floods and diseases. Festivals celebrated during this time add cultural significance to the season.

A rainy day essay encapsulates the charm and impact of rainy weather. It describes the atmosphere during rain, highlighting the refreshing scent of wet earth and the sight of glistening streets. It explores the activities people engage in, like reading, sipping hot beverages, or simply enjoying the tranquil ambience. The essay captures the sense of cosiness and rejuvenation that a rainy day brings.

We hope that this blog on Rainy Season helps. For more amazing daily reads related to essay writing that will help you build your IQ and improve your reading and writing skills, stay tuned with Leverage Edu . 

Manasvi Kotwal

Manasvi's flair in writing abilities is derived from her past experience of working with bootstrap start-ups, Advertisement and PR agencies as well as freelancing. She's currently working as a Content Marketing Associate at Leverage Edu to be a part of its thriving ecosystem.

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Geography Notes

Monsoons: introduction, features and failure | essay | winds | geography.

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Here is an essay on ‘Monsoons’ for class 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. Find paragraphs, long and short essays on ‘Monsoons’ especially written for school students.

Essay on Monsoons

Essay Contents:

• Essay on the Failure of Monsoons

Essay # 1. Introduction to Monsoons:

India’s climate is dominated by monsoons. Monsoons are strong, often violent winds that change direction with the season. Monsoon winds blow from cold to warm regions because cold air takes up more space than warm air. Monsoons blow from land toward sea in winter and from sea toward land in summer.

India’s winters are hot and dry. Monsoon winds blow from northeast and carry little moisture. Temperature is high because the Himalayas form a barrier that prevents cold air from passing onto the subcontinent.

Summer monsoons roar onto the subcontinent from southwest. The winds carry moisture from Indian Ocean and bring heavy rains from June to September. The torrential rainstorms often cause violent landslides. Despite the potential for destruction, summer monsoons are welcomed in India.

Monsoons may be considered as large scale sea breezes, due to seasonal heating and the resulting development of a thermal low over a continental landmass. Air over land warms faster and reaches a higher temperature than air over ocean. Hot air over land tends to rise, creating an area of low pressure. This creates a steady wind blowing toward land, bringing moist near- surface air over oceans with it.

Similar rainfall is caused by moist ocean air being lifted upwards by mountains, surface heating, convergence at the surface, divergence aloft or from storm- produced outflows at the surface. However, as lifting occurs, air cools due to expansion in lower pressure, which in turn produces condensation.

In winter, land cools off quickly, but ocean retains heat longer. Cold air over land creates a high pressure area which produces a breeze from land to ocean. Monsoons are similar to sea and land breezes, a term usually referring to localised, diurnal (daily) cycle of circulation near coastlines, but they are much larger in scale, stronger and seasonal.

Essay # 2. Significant Features of Monsoon :

Four significant features of monsoon are:

a. Date of onset.

b. Periods of active monsoon.

c. Breaks in monsoon.

d. Date of withdrawal.

a. Onset of Monsoon :

Monsoon rainy season begins earliest in south China towards early May. Over the Indian main continent, the monsoon sets either by the end of May or early-June along Malabar Coast (over Andaman and Nicobar islands it sets in by mid-May). Normal monsoon onset date over India is first June.

The onset is associated with heavy rains over Kerala and coastal Karnataka. It then spreads to Peninsular region and slowly to southwestern and southeastern parts of India by 10 June. Monsoon onset over rest of the central and northwest India is gradual and enters western Rajasthan by first July and Kashmir by 15 July.

Though the data of onset of monsoon is quite regular occurring around first June, there are occasions when not only the onset over Kerala coast is delayed but also the movement of monsoon across the country is sluggish. Under such weak monsoon conditions, delay in onset may be of few days or more than a week over Kerala while its delay may be around a month over arid parts of western Rajasthan.

b. Periods of Active Monsoon:

The monsoon current is pulsatory in nature and advance into different areas in two or three stages. In the first stage, rains cover west coast up to Konkan and Peninsular India and northeast region. This stage is accomplished in about 10 days after the onset of monsoon over Kerala coast.

However, if the monsoon current is weak, this movement is slowed down or initiates late as a result of which the onset over peninsular region can be delayed by a few days. The second stage usually follows after a gap of 7 days with rains advancing into Gangetic valley up to Uttar Pradesh and into Gujarat.

Again after a gap of about 7 days, rains further advance westwards and northwards. By the time the entire country is covered, the monsoon trough takes its normal position, with the trough extending from Ganganagar region in Rajasthan to northern part of Bay of Bengal. The active monsoon period is only from July to September. However, cyclonic- storms are frequent from October to December.

c. Break Monsoon Conditions :

Break conditions prevail in monsoon rainfall when the monsoon trough moves northwards to the foothills of Himalayas. During such periods, rainfall is limited to northeastern region of Assam and adjoining regions, while the rest of the country goes dry. Even in such occasions, some rainfall is recorded along west coast under the influence of waves in the easterlies at mid-level.

The northeast monsoon provides rainfall mainly to Peninsular India during October-December. Most of Tamil Nadu shielded by Western Ghats from southwest monsoon rains depends on northeast monsoon rains for its agriculture. There is no clear-cut distinction between withdrawal of southwest monsoon and onset of northeast monsoon.

d. Withdrawal of Monsoon :

Monsoon begins to withdraw from extreme arid areas of western Rajasthan by first September and in general, from northern India around mid-September. Withdrawal phase extends rapidly over western India up to west Uttar Pradesh, west Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat by first October.

Withdrawal phase is slow to the east of 80°E over Gangetic valley, northeastern India, eastern Madhya Pradesh, Vidharbha and adjoining Maharashtra and interior Peninsular India. By the end of October, it withdraws to south of 15°N. The northeast monsoon becomes active over peninsular region by October and northeast monsoon rains merge with withdrawal of southwest monsoon along coastal Andhra Pradesh.

During October-November, occasional low pressure systems form in the Bay of Bengal and at times intensify into cyclonic storms and lash coastal regions of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. The monsoon finally withdraws from Indian Peninsula by 15 December. Thus, the total duration of monsoon activity across the country varies from 122 days over Kerala coast, while over extreme parts of western Rajasthan, the duration is as low as 45 days.

Essay # 3. Southwest Monsoon :

Southwest monsoon occur from June through September. Thar Desert and adjoining areas of northern and central Indian subcontinent heats up considerably during hot summer. This causes a low pressure area over northern and central Indian subcontinent. To fill this void, moisture laden winds from Indian Ocean rush in to the subcontinent.

These winds, rich in moisture, are drawn towards Himalayas, creating winds blowing storm clouds towards the subcontinent. Himalayas act like a high wall, blocking the winds from passing into Central Asia, thus forcing them to rise. With the gain in altitude of the clouds, temperature drops and precipitation occurs. Some areas of the subcontinent receive up to 10.000 mm (390 in) of rain (Fig. 2.10).

Southwest monsoon is, generally, expected to begin around start of June and fade down by the end of September or mid-October. Moisture laden winds on reaching southernmost point of Indian Peninsula, due to its topology, become divided into two parts- the Arabian Sea Branch and the Bay of Bengal Branch.

Arabian Sea Branch of southwest monsoon first hits the Western Ghats of coastal state of Kerala, India, thus making it as the first state in India to receive rain from southwest monsoon. This branch of monsoon moves northwards along Western Ghats with precipitation on coastal areas, west of Western Ghats. Eastern areas of Western Ghats do not receive much rain from this monsoon as the wind does not cross Western Ghats.

Bay of Bengal Branch of southwest monsoon flows over Bay of Bengal heading towards northeast India and Bengal, picking up more moisture from Bay of Bengal. Winds arrive at Eastern Himalayas with large amounts of rain. Mawsynram, situated on southern slopes of Eastern Himalayas in Shillong, India, is one of the wettest places on the earth.

After arrival at Eastern Himalayas, the winds turns towards west, travelling over Indo-Gangetic plain at a rate of roughly 1-2 weeks per state, pouring rain all along its way. June 1 is regarded as the date of onset of monsoon in India, as indicated by the arrival of monsoon in southernmost state of Kerala.

Monsoon accounts for 80 per cent of rainfall in India. Indian agriculture is heavily dependent on rains, for growing crops especially like cotton, rice, oilseeds and coarse grains. A delay by a few days in the arrival of the monsoon can badly affect the economy, as evidenced in the numerous droughts in India in 1990s.

Essay # 4. Northeast Monsoon :

Around September, with the sun fast retreating south, northern land mass of Indian subcontinent begins to cool off rapidly. With this air pressure begins to build over northern India, Indian Ocean and its surrounding atmosphere still holds its heat.

This causes the cold wind to sweep down from Himalayas and Indo-Gangetic plain towards vast spans of Indian Ocean south of Deccan Peninsula. This is known as northeast monsoon or retreating monsoon (Fig. 2.10).

While travelling towards Indian Ocean, the dry cold wind picks up some moisture from Bay of Bengal and pours it over Peninsular India and parts of Sri Lanka. Cities like Madras (Chennai), which gets less rain from southwest monsoon, receives rain from this monsoon. About 50 to 60 per cent of the rain received by the state of Tamil Nadu is from northeast monsoon.

In southern Asia, northeastern monsoons take place from December to early March when the surface high pressure system is strongest. The jet stream in this region splits into southern subtropical jet and polar jet.

The subtropical flow directs northeasterly winds to blow across southern Asia, creating dry air streams which produce clear skies over India. Meanwhile, a low pressure system develops over Southeast Asia and Australasia and winds are directed toward Australia known as a monsoon trough.

Essay # 5. Failure of Monsoons :

Weather is the chance element in field crop production that can bring about crop failure in spite of providing all other necessary inputs. In some years, monsoons fail and dramatically impact agricultural production.

Failure of monsoon is attributed to several natural and human induced climatic factors of which the following are the possible ones:

1. El-Nino effect.

2. Southern Oscillation Index (SOI).

3. Past history of monsoon.

4. Carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere.

5. Deforestation.

6. Thinning of ozone layer.

El-Nino is a narrow current of warm water that appears off the coast of Peru in December. In some years, this warm current becomes more intense than usual. Southern oscillation is the see-saw pattern of meteorological changes that are often observed between the Pacific and the Indian oceans. When the surface pressure is high over the Pacific, pressure over the Indian Ocean tends to be low and vice-versa.

Southern oscillation, however, has fixed periodicity. Its spread varies from 2 to 5 years. Its different phases of oscillation can be observed through changes in pressure over the Pacific and the Indian oceans.

The difference of pressure between Tahiti (in French Polynesia representing the Pacific) and Port Darwin (in northern Australia representing the Indian Ocean) is called the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). Negative value (-ve) of the index (Tahiti-Port Darwin) is the precursor of poor or deficient monsoon in India.

Circulation of air over tropics is dominated by Hadley cell (N-S direction) and Walker cell (E-W direction). Interaction of these two cells causes variation in descending and ascending nature of air over the tropics.

There exist three major regions of rising motion in these tropics:

1. Indonesia, Southeast Asia, and Western Pacific.

2. Tropical South America (Equador and Peru).

3. Congo basin of Africa.

These are the regions of high cloud cover, high rainfall and temperature. Disruption in these areas causes abnormality in the usual monsoon pattern.

Due to EL-Nino abnormality, the descending limb of the Walker cell moves eastward. Large area over India becomes a zone of descent rather than ascent and results in drought.

The sequences leading to drought to deficient rain are:

1. Negative SOI.

2. High pressure over Indian Ocean and low pressure over Pacific Ocean.

3. Descending instead of ascending motion over Indian Ocean and Southeast Asia and ascending motion instead of descending over eastern Pacific (Peru and Equador).

4. El-Nino abnormality.

These suggest a close association between southern oscillation and El-Nino. A negative value of SOI and El-Nino favours a year of deficient rainfall. However, this is also not correct always.

Related Articles:

• The Origin and Mechanism of Indian Monsoons
• Seasons in India: 4 Seasons | Geography
• Winds: Essay on Winds | Atmosphere | Earth | Geography
• Indian Monsoons: Significance and Peculiar Features

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• Rainy Season Essay

Essay on Rainy Season

India is known for its rainy season. The major portion of our country falls in the tropical region. It means that we enjoy a tropical season where the southwest winds carry down clouds from June till September. Torrential rain occurs in this season in my city. This season behaves differently in different locations in India. Rajasthan gets the least rain whereas Meghalaya receives the highest rain every year. It all depends on the topography of our country. 

The Himalayan Ranges stop the moisture-containing winds and transform them into clouds. These clouds then travel down to the northeastern states to shower their blessings. Monsoon winds from the oceans reach different states and shed loads of water as rain on the other states.

We enjoy our rainy season for 3 to 4 months every year. Heavy clouds are formed in the sky when the southwest monsoon winds invade with a lot of moisture from the sea. By losing temperature, these clouds start getting heavier. Once the motion of the clouds slows down due to increased weight, raindrops form, and shower from the sky. The cool breeze and rain make our atmosphere quite enjoyable. 

Dark clouds and lightning are the symbols of heavy rainfall. Thunderstorms are also quite common in India. Due to our diverse landforms and huge area, the behaviour of the rainy season is also diverse. We have learned how to harvest rainwater and tackle droughts. Villages and cities are also learning how to harvest it and recycle it for future use and to naturally increase the level of the water table in the earth.

In our villages, farmers start working on the fields before the rainy season hits. Using the natural water supply, the farmers irrigate their lands and grow various crops relevant to this season. Rain fills our ponds, rivers, and streams. It also gets settled down and increases the freshwater reserve underground. This freshwater reserve is then used as a drinking and irrigation source for the rest of the year. A major part of the northern and southern states in India prefers the rainy season for growing different crops and vegetables.

My city turns out quite beautiful and soothing. After the hot gloomy days of summer, the rainy season hits and removes the dusty look of my city. The trees seem very happy when their leaves are washed clean. The environment becomes greener and pleasant. Excessive rainfall also causes water logging. The municipal corporation takes care of the logged water and drains it out using pumps. Due to excessive construction and dumping of natural water reserves, water logging is common these days.

The rainy season is important for our crops. It also keeps the surrounding flora healthy and thus takes care of the fauna living with it. Without it, our planet will turn barren. Life will not survive as we see around us. The onset of the rainy season brings freshness and peace of mind. We all eagerly wait for it during the summer days. A rainy day is always the most exciting day for a child playing outside. You will also find rainbows in the sky quite amazing. 

Ways To Stay Safe During The Rainy Season

Monsoon indeed gives relief from the scorching sun and hot and dry climate but it also brings lots of diseases with it. Due to heavy rains, humid climate and strong winds, many infectious diseases are spread among people. Some of the common health problems during the rainy season are swine flu, colds, viral fever and stomach infections.

Underneath are some tips which must be followed by everyone to keep themselves healthy and safe during monsoon season:

Use rain gears: While going out in the rainy season, people must use their rain gear like waterproof boots, hooded raincoats and umbrellas. As children have a weak immune system, they should not step out in the rain without proper rain equipment otherwise they might catch a cold.

A warm shower: People are advised to take a warm shower if they are drenched. This will help their bodies to get stabilized and return to the normal temperature. Also, they should use hot water for bathing as the temperature is very low during the monsoons.

Basic safety: Children or adults who are doing outdoor activities like swimming should go inside the campus if they hear any thunder and even if it has not started raining yet. They should avoid open areas like playgrounds and metal objects like light poles when they hear thunder.

Avoid stagnant water: Stagnant water is a breeding place for mosquitoes that spreads diseases like malaria and dengue. To avoid this situation, people should regularly empty the still water sources like pet water bowls, planters trays and plates and inflatable pools around the homes.

Keep away from floodwaters: Wading in flood water, especially barefoot, is a fun activity for kids. Children should not go in floodwater as they might get infected by a bacterial disease called leptospirosis. Also, they should disinfect their toys that are contaminated by this water before playing with them.

Cleanliness is important: During the rainy season, people catch a common cold. They should always sanitize their hand before doing any work or eating. People should always wash their hands and feet when they come home, especially after getting in contact with floodwater.

Don't eat junk food: As the monsoon brings many diseases with it, therefore, everyone should avert eating junk or oily food. They should eat homemade food as it will help them in boosting their immunity. People can also eat fruits and green vegetables after washing them properly.

Avoid sharing things: Viral fever is a communicable disease. Therefore, people suffering from viral fever should not share their things with other people as they may also get infected. 

  Significance Of Rain

A human needs freshwater to maintain his immune system and digestive system. The availability of fresh water helps in supporting the existence of human life. The toxins of the human body come out in the form of urine and sweat.

All plants, grass, trees and flowers need water for their survival and flourishment. When the rainy season comes, the rainwater gets stored in the ground which is used by the seeds for their growth and nourishment.

The rainy season changes the atmosphere of the surroundings. The temperature gets lower and the environment becomes cool. The rainfall increases the water level in the rivers and lakes so that animals can use this water for drinking. The soil soaks the rainwater which plants use to convert solar energy into nutrition.

People can store this rainwater by using the technique of rainwater harvesting. From the rooftop, the water moves down through the pipe and gets collected in the tanks or cisterns. 

Rainwater can also become a source for generating electricity which is known as hydroelectricity. Due to rainfall, there is an increment in the water level of the ponds and lakes. People also make small ponds to collect this rainwater and use this water to generate electricity.

FAQs on Rainy Season Essay

1.Why is the rainy season important?

The rainy season is one of the most important seasons in the year that helps our farmers to cultivate lands and grow new harvests. India is a country where the prime occupation is agriculture. It means that many crops depend on the rainwater collected in the ponds, canals, rivers, and beneath the soil. The elevated water table in the rainy season also becomes the prime source of drinking water in many rural areas in different states. Apart from the agricultural benefits, this season also relieves the flora and fauna from the scorching heat of the summer days. New plants grow and the food chain becomes more fortified again. Plants are the base of a food chain as they establish the base by producing food. This is why the rainy season is so important for every living being.

2.Why does the Rainy Season differ from One State to the Other?

Due to the diverse topographical features of India, the rainy season varies from one state to the other. Winds containing heavy moisture accumulate and get obstructed by the Himalayan Ranges. This is the first phase of the formation of clouds. In other states, moisture containing clouds originate in the oceans and shower torrentially for a few months. Even though many states fall in the same tropical region, the rainfall varies a lot. Rajasthan gets very little rainfall whereas West Bengal receives a lot of rainfall during the monsoon season. It is all about the geographical significance of our country that determines the amount of rainfall in every state. Meghalaya receives heavy rainfall across the year due to its intertwined position among the Himalayan Ranges.

3.How Rainwater is being harvested in the cities?

Rainwater is harvested by digging ponds in shallow places in rural areas. In cities also, shallow ponds accumulate rainwater and contribute to the escalation of the water table beneath the superficial soil. Due to the over-construction of concrete buildings, it is hard to accommodate water leading to water-logging and floods in different cities. Nowadays, big communities and complexes are learning to use rainwater and store or let it pass in the soil by using different means. It not only makes the water table regain its level but also makes a metropolitan complex sustainable in terms of water usage.

4. What is the southwest monsoon and which factors influence this monsoon?

The heavy rainfall brought by the winds of the southwest to southern Asia is known as the southwest monsoon. This monsoon comes in June, strikes the Malabar coast and leaves the country in November. In India, food production depends on this monsoon. The factors that influence the southwest monsoon are listed below:

Tropical easterly jet

Intertropical convergence zone

Subtropical jet stream

Formation of low pressure over the Tibetan Plateau

High pressure in the south of the Indian ocean

Essay on Rainy Day in English for Children and Students

Table of Contents

Essay on Rainy Day: The monsoon season is considered the best season among all the seasons. Rainy day is awaited by one and all as the weather on such a day is pleasant. A Rainy Day is a perfect day to enjoy the nature and be one with it. The entire atmosphere fills with joy on a rainy day. Be it kids, adults or elderly people – everyone loves this day. The term “Rainy Day” is typically used for a day when it rains. While monsoon has a definite arrival time, duration and exit pattern; a rainy day on the other hand, can occur anytime of the year, though, it is also more likely to occur during monsoon. Rainy day is advantageous to both the urban as well as rural population. Apart from the human population rainy day is also beneficial to flora and fauna of a place. Despite being beneficial to the ecology of a place, rainy day might cause little discomfort in some cases. In the essay below we will go through the benefits of a rainy day as well as its disadvantages.

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Long and Short Essay on Rainy Day in English

Here are essay on Rainy Day of varying lengths to help you with the topic in your exam. We have provided both, long and short Essay on Rainy Day in English. All the Rainy Day essays are written in simple English, providing all the information about how rainy day occurs, how it feels on a rainy day, what are the advantages and disadvantages of a rainy day, how can you spend a rainy day, etc. You can select any Rainy Day essay as per your need:

Short Essay on Rainy Day is My Favorite Day 200 words

There are various seasons like summer, winter and monsoon. But out of all my favourite season is monsoon season or the rainy season. I live in a joint family. I and my cousins wait all year round for rainfall and when it rains our eyes sparkle with joy. On the first rain of the season we just run out of our house into the rain giggling and smiling with delight. It feels so refreshing after the sunny days to take cool natural shower in rain. We like to play in the garden as the rain showers pour on us. We sing songs and jump in the muddy puddles to splash water on each other. We fight like cats and dogs on the ground splashing water and sticky mud on each other. Our mothers always shout on us but we just like to ignore and enjoy. I hate it when the rain stops and we need to get back. My mother cooks moong dal and onion pakoras with mint chutney on these days. I just love this combination. After taking shower we enjoy eating pakoras together. Enjoying the rain with cousins is the best part. We have so much fun together. I simply love rainy day.

Essay on Benefits of Rainy Day for Farmers and School Kids 300 words

A rainy day spreads instant joy and calmness in the atmosphere. It brings a smile on everyone’s face and also gives a reason to celebrate. Inviting friends and celebrating with them on a rainy day is all the more enjoyable.

Farmers Await Rain A rainy day is a special day for everyone however rains hold a special significance particularly for the farmers. The growth of their crops depends largely on the rains. The right amount of rain is what they yearn for each year. Monsoon season these days gets delayed often and rains have become quite erratic. The farmers in such a situation wish and pray that the rain falls at the right time. The first rainy day of the season is especially a day to rejoice for the farmers. This is because it marks the beginning of the monsoon season that promotes the growth of crops. There is greenery all around. The fields seem to appear full of life on a rainy day.

Rainy Day is Special in the Life of School Kids School kids are overjoyed on a rainy day. Rainy day for them means a day full of fun. Small kids are seen holding colourful umbrellas and wearing beautiful raincoats on rainy days. There is colour all around. If the rain is heavy, many kids get the privilege to go to school with their parents and not by auto rickshaws or buses. Kids usually look forward to this change. If the rain is heavier, many parents refrain from sending their kids to the school. At times, the schools also declare holiday on such a day. What more can a school going child ask for? They get a chance to stay home and play in the rain with their siblings and friends.

Conclusion A rainy day is certainly not an ordinary day. It impacts our lives in some way or the other. It mostly brings a positive note.

Essay on My Fondest Memory of Rainy Day 400 words

Monsoons in India are welcomed with joy as rains provide fresh and breezy atmosphere after the sunny climate. Earth is transformed into a rich green land with blooming flowers dancing and celebrating monsoon. The soothing smell of rain and cooling showers of rain make us feel so fresh.

My Fondest Memory of Rainy Day Last year when I was in 5 th standard, one morning I woke up for school and was getting ready to attend my classes. It was during the monsoon season, the month of July. The weather outside was dark and gloomy. In my mind I was praying to God constantly that if it rains and I don’t have to go to school. After I had my milk and my mother packed my lunchbox, I was ready to leave for school. But it did not rain and I had to go. My dad dropped me to the school. In the classroom, I sat on a seat by the window still expecting it to rain. I felt lazy and sad in the classroom and all my attention was outside the window wishing it rains. My class teacher scolded me for staring outside the window constantly. As the second period that is the Maths class, got over, my wish came true. It started raining and the bonus was that there was no teacher in the class. My eyes sparkled with joy and I jumped off my seat to peep out of the window to enjoy the droplets of rain. I was trying to grasp the drops of rain and it made me extremely happy. Everyone in the class was happy and cheerful. Everyone was jumping, chit-chatting and smiling with joy. Me and some of my classmates tore some pages from our books and made paper boats. Outside the window there were small puddles and we dropped our boats in to the puddles to float. It made us jump and giggle as our boats floated in water. We were grasping the drops of rain from the window and splashing at each other. After a while our Science teacher came in the classroom and every one settled back to their seats. She declared a holiday as the rain was expected to get heavier in some time. We all hopped from our seats with excitement. We packed our bags, got into our raincoats and ran outside the classroom to enjoy the rain. We went back home jumping and dancing in rain.

Conclusion It was one of the best days of my life. Rainy days really bring joy and happiness in everyone’s life.

Essay on How to Spend Rainy Day 500 words

Rainy day is one such day that is awaited by everyone. People of every age group love and cherish this day. In my family everyone from my grandfather to my younger sister gets overjoyed on such a day. Rains transform the weather from blazing hot and dry to refreshing. Plants, birds and human beings, everyone participates in celebrating rains. Trees turn greener, peacocks begin to dance, farmers turn cheerful and we all relish the rain party on the earth.

How the Weather Impacts Our Mood? We live in Delhi, a state which is famous for its extreme weather conditions. Heat waves engulf this part of the country for most part of the year. Rains offer the much needed respite from the hot weather. Monsoon is thus one of the most awaited times of the year in Delhi. Weather has a strange way of impacting our mood. During the hot sunny summer days, people often tend to get angry and aggressive very quickly. The sweat and scorching heat during such a day gives rise to violence and fury. People are often seen in a bad mood and tend to get into arguments and fights easily. On the other hand, a pleasant rainy day uplifts the mood automatically. It is a treat for the senses. Everything around appears joyful. People plan outings with their loved ones on such a day just because of the awesomeness it offers.

An Ideal Rainy Day A rainy day is loved by everyone. There would hardly be anyone who despises it. Everyone has his own way of rejoicing the rain. While some love walking in the rain, others love to drench and dance while yet others love the view sitting on their window sill. My ideal rainy day would be sitting by the window and watching rain, catching some droplets of rain and feeling the chilly breeze on my cheeks. I enjoy writing in my diary sitting by the window. It calms my heart and brings new and creative thoughts in my mind. My mother gets me hot cup of coffee and we enjoy our coffee together. I often turn on soft music and relax on an armchair sipping my coffee. After spending my afternoon and relaxing with my mom, I love to go on a drive with my dad in the evening to explore the city and relish the beauty of nature. We visit our favourite restaurant during the rains and enjoy having crunchy onion and mirchi pakoras with mint chutney. By the time we drive back home, it’s usually dark. I feel so weary and sleepy as I return home. All I do on my return is just change and go to my bed. I really have a sound sleep on a rainy day as the weather is extremely chilly.

Conclusion So my idea of rainy day is to spend my day with my family and enjoy the beauty of nature. It is so much fun to spend time with family during rains. I love my family and I love rains too.

Essay on Importance of Rainy Day 600 words

How rhythmic and soothing the nature is on a rainy day. Dark clouds marching in the sky and showering the droplets of rain, trees rinsing and dancing with charming bliss, dark and gloomy day gleaming our hearts, frogs popping here and there, kids jumping with joy in the muddy pools of water, beautiful peacocks spreading feathers and dancing to compose an art attracting their mates, farmers sway with cheer and new hopes gleaming their eyes – everyone participates to celebrate the joy of rains.

Rainy Day Spent at the Seashore It is so calming to be out in the nature to enjoy its beauty on a rainy day. I walk up to the seashore to relish a day like this in my white dress. White dress, as I like the contrast it gives, the dark weather and a white dress is a pretty combination and I love it. As soon as I reach there, I remove my flip-flops and throw away my pink umbrella on the sand and run towards the sea. I walk bare feet at the edge of sea with my chin up to feel the chilling breeze on my cheeks. I grasp the tiny-mini droplets of rain. The glimpse of droplets blending in to the sea waves, soothe my eyes. The refreshing aroma of rain calms my heart. The melodies of droplets make me sway along with the beat. I fantasize like I am the mermaid at the edge of sea. Me and my fantasies…! I stand still drenched in water shivering and clutching myself smiling at the lure of nature.

Rainy Day at Home On the weekends when it is raining I just love to spend my day inside my home. Something about rainy days makes me feel so lazy and so cozy. I just love to snuggle into my blanket reading a love story. My mom loves to make delicious chocolate cookies for me on rainy days. The aroma of hot cookies in the chilled weather, spells some kind of magic on me. I really feel very hungry during these days and I keep on munching all day long. I prefer having my hot chocolate cookies dipped in milk, I just love it. I later spend my whole day lying on sofa in my pajamas and watching my favorite movies.

Rainy Day Serves an Inspiration for Writers and Poets We all read poems, stories and books. There is so much and so beautifully written about the scenic beauty of nature. Writings about rains are obviously more alluring than writings about sunny days or winters. Rainy day is an inspiration for poets primarily because it gives the world, a fresh and new perspective. The everyday world that seems so conventional and colorless suddenly turns so diverse, refreshing, colorful and magical. Poetry is as alluring as the rainy day. Or maybe rains just create the poetic mood, the beautiful scenery, rainbows, background music of raindrops, hot cup of coffee everything inspires writers. Other than the poets, the rainy season is an inspiration for all writers as we have been reading about the beauty and effects of rain in stories and books as well.

Conclusion Thus, everyone has his/ her own ideal way of enjoying a rainy day however some might even just hate rainy days. For some, it’s an excuse to just be at home and for others to take up new adventures. Some might get too lazy while others might just get creative. Some spend their time cooking aromatic food while others like me spend time eating and gaining weight. All in all, rains are beautiful and bring cheer to life but too much of rain can even be harmful for our nature.

Long Essay on Rainy Day 800 Words

A “Rainy Day” is a day on which the clouds cover the sky and it rains for almost throughout the day. Just a couple of hours of rain isn’t enough to declare a day as “Rainy Day”. It must rain or drizzle for a greater part of the day. Technically, any day when it is raining, could be termed as a rainy day. It need not to be necessarily in monsoon, rather it could occur anytime of the year, depending on the moisture and climatic conditions.

How Does a Rainy Day Feels? A rainy day feels calm, peaceful and serene despite the occasional burst of thunder which it might bring. A rainy day washes the earth, revealing its inner beauty and the life that lay underneath. It’s like that it gives a new lease of life to the whole place. Getting up on a rainy day is like getting up with the beautiful sound of raindrops falling and a cool breeze buzzing past your ears. Such pleasant atmosphere, compels one to cancel all the prior engagements and just relax, letting the cool drizzle fall on your face.

Advantages of a Rainy Day There are several advantages of a rainy day. Firstly it cleans the earth, making everything look fresh and new. The trees those have been looking dull and covered in dust, suddenly become lively, reflecting lush green colour. The same happens with grass, flower, plants etc. They all seem to reveal their inner beauty, thanks to the rain. On the other note, a rainy day is beneficial to the fauna and also for the agricultural activities. Non domesticated animals, especially those living in forested areas; depend on natural water resources for their supply of water. On a rainy day, the ponds and lakes get a new supply of fresh water, which proves to be a blessing for the thirsty animals. Occasional rainy day is also beneficial to the crops. Farmers also equate one or two spells of shower as equivalent to a couple of bags of fertilizers for crops and fruit plants. It also saves the farmers a couple of days’ labour of watering the fields. Another advantage of a rainy day is that it cleans the air. When rain drops fall from the sky, they bring down with them, all the dust and other unwanted minute impurities to ground. This indeed makes the air free from impurities and clean and healthy to breathe.

Disadvantages of Rainy Day Despite having several advantages, a rainy day also has certain amount of disadvantages associated with it. It may cause discomfort to daily commuters, and abstain them from getting on time to wherever they are headed. School children, office goers or other commuters might have to delay or even postpone their commute, because of rain. On the other hand, considering the scenario of a populated urban city, with a network of interlinked streets, roads and adjacently constructed buildings; a rainy day could cause discomfort to many with streets submerged in water and overflowing drains. It would be impossible to commute through the streets without getting your shoes wet. Next, those who are most affected by a rainy day are street vendors and small shopkeepers. With the majority of population preferring to stay indoors on a rainy day, these small businessmen suffer financially due to considerably less footfalls than on any usual day.

Things to Do On a Rainy Day If you have decided to postpone your prior engagements and to enjoy the rain, then there are actually plenty of things you can do to spend your own rainy day. The beauty of the rainy day is that it could also be enjoyed sitting in the comforts of your house in the company of family and friends. You just have to choose a spot which offers a full view of the rain with cool breeze swirling through your body. A hot cup of coffee or tea will be an added compliment. You can also cook some hot snacks of your liking, to go with the coffee. If you don’t want to stay indoors, then step out of the house or on to the terrace to let the rain fall over you. This way you get hands on experience of the rain and also will enjoy it as well. But remember to be careful, as sudden exposure to too much of rain can get you sick. If you live in a place with any forest, agricultural field nearby; plan a trip there, to witness the full beauty of the rain and also the earth as it gets cleaned.

Conclusion Rainy Day is like a blessing for the parched earth and its thirsty inhabitants. It gives a new lease of life to earth, animals, humans, trees, crops, plants etc and replenishes the fresh water resources. A rainy day might not have much influence on an individual’s life, but it sure has tremendous usefulness for the nature. The little discomfort that a rainy day causes to some, is weighed much low against the benefits it brings. Therefore, it is wise to spend a rainy day, admiring the beauty of nature and not complaining about the little discomforts.

FAQs on Rainy Day

What is rainy season.

The rainy season is the time of year when most of a region's average annual rainfall occurs.

Write a rainy day essay.

There are various seasons like summer, winter and monsoon. But out of all my favourite season is monsoon season or the rainy season. I live in a joint family. My cousins and I wait all year round for rainfall and when it rains our eyes sparkle with joy. On the first rain of the season we just run out of our house into the rain giggling and smiling with delight. It feels so refreshing after the sunny days to take cool natural shower in rain.

What are the seasons in India?

There are 6 seasons in India, namely, Spring, Summer, Monsoon, Autumn, Pre-winter and Winter seasons.

What is rain?

Rain is a form of precipitation that falls to the ground when moist air rises and cools.

What is rain water harvesting?

Rainwater harvesting is the process of collecting and storing rainwater for future use. This can be done by using rain barrels or cisterns to collect water from rain gutters, or by constructing ponds or other water storage systems. The collected water can be used for irrigation, domestic use, or even for drinking water in some cases.

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Essay on Seasons in India for Students and Children

500 words essay on seasons in india.

India is one of the few countries which have a lot of variations in terms of seasons. It basically has four types of seasons. Moreover, the intensity of each season varies depending on the region and other factors like topography, latitude, longitude and more. The four seasons usually occur during a specific time. Due to environmental and anthropological factors, the timing of the seasons sometimes varies. Various activities of traveling and school holidays depend upon the different seasons and climate experienced by the area.

Different Seasons in India

As stated earlier, India experiences four major seasons. They are summer, winter , monsoon, and post-monsoon. Each season occurs at different times covering the whole year. The average time of each season varies from two to three months.

The summer season starts in April and ends around the month of June. As India is a tropical country, the summer is a bit harsh in some of its regions. Moreover, the highest temperatures recorded in India till date during summer is 51 Celsius in the state of Rajasthan. The temperature usually remains around 32 to 40 Celsius during summers. Furthermore, the days are usually longer than nights during this season.

Then comes the season of monsoon which begins in June or July and stretches till September. The majority of the precipitation that takes place is due to the south-west monsoons. These monsoons originate in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. Monsoons in India witness a heavy downpour which often results in floods in many regions.

Next up, we have the post-monsoon season. It falls in the months of October and November. This season basically marks the transition from a wet season to a dry season. This transition witness drops in temperatures and prepares the people for winters.

Finally, we have winters in India that fall between October to January. The temperature during this season ranges from 10 to 15 degree Celsius. In the northern regions of the country, snowfall also happens along with rain. The coldest months in India are December and January. The nights are longer than the days during winters in India.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

The Specialty of Each Season

Each season in India carries a specialty with them. Everyone has one or the other things they enjoy doing in each season. While some enjoy summers due to the sun and enjoyment, some like winters because of the chilly weather. Nonetheless, each season carries a special essence with them.

During summers, kids are the most excited lot. They like summers because they get to have ice cream and cold drinks. They get a month-long vacation break which means more time to play and visit new places. Summer camps are held in various schools to encourage kids and enhance their skills.

Winters are enjoyed by people because of the cool and chilly weather. In the hilly areas, they also have snowfall which allows them to enjoy various sports like snowboarding, ice skating and more. People also enjoy the cozy feels of their blanket by the fireside, sipping on hot coffee and soups.

Furthermore, monsoon is a season which many look forward to. The farmers enjoy monsoon for their crops gets an adequate supply of water. Children love playing in the rain and making paper boats. The adults enjoy their hot tea and deep-fried fritters with sauce when it rains, making it even more enjoyable.

In short, each season is special in its own way. Indians are lucky to experience so many seasons as not all countries get the opportunity to enjoy such varied seasons.

FAQs on Seasons in India

Q.1 What are the seasons experienced by India?

A.1 India is a country that is very diverse geographically and climatically. It has four major seasons which are summer, winter, monsoon, and post-monsoon.

Q.2 What is the specialty of each season?

A.2 Each season of India has its own specialty. In summers, children enjoy eating ice cream and drinking cold drink. In winters, we enjoy a hot cup of coffee and soup more. During monsoon, people like having roasted corn and fritters. Post monsoon is all about relaxing and enjoying the cool weather.

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Climate of Myanmar

Although Myanmar is located in the monsoon region of Asia, its climate is greatly modified by its geographic position and its relief. The cold air masses of Central Asia bring snow to the northern mountains for two months of the year, but this mountain wall prevents the cold air from moving farther south, so that Myanmar lies primarily under the influence of the monsoon winds. The north-south alignment of ranges and valleys creates a pattern of alternate zones of heavy and scanty precipitation during both the northeast and southwest monsoons. Most of the precipitation, however, comes from the southwest monsoon. The west coast is subject to occasional tropical cyclones .

Myanmar has three seasons: the cool, relatively dry northeast monsoon (late October to mid-February), the hot, dry intermonsoonal season (mid-February to mid-May), and the rainy southwest monsoon (mid-May to late October). The coastal regions and the western and southeastern ranges receive more than 200 inches (5,000 mm) of precipitation annually, while the delta regions receive about 100 inches (2,500 mm). The central region is not only away from the sea but also on the drier, lee side—in the rain shadow—of the Rakhine Mountains . Precipitation gradually decreases northward until in the region’s dry zone it amounts to only 20 to 40 inches (500 to 1,000 mm) per year. The Shan Plateau , because of its elevation, usually receives between 75 and 80 inches (1,900 and 2,000 mm) annually.

Elevation and distance from the sea affect temperature as well. Although Myanmar generally is a tropical country, temperatures are not uniformly high throughout the year. The daily temperature range is greater than that in nearly all other parts of Southeast Asia , but no locality has a continental type of climate (i.e., one characterized by large seasonal differences in average temperature). Mandalay , in the center of the dry zone, has some of the greatest daily temperature ranges, which span about 22 °F (12 °C) annually. In broader perspective, however, average daily temperatures show little variation, ranging from 79 °F (26 °C) to 82 °F (28 °C) between Sittwe (Akyab) in the Rakhine region, Yangon near the coast, and Mandalay in the northern part of the central basin . At Lashio, on the Shan Plateau, the average daily temperature is somewhat cooler, about 71 °F (22 °C).

According to official estimates, about half of Myanmar remains covered with forests of various types (depending on elevation and the amount of precipitation), even after centuries of rice cultivation involving the clearing of forested areas; actual coverage may be less, however. Subtropical and temperate forests of oak and pine are found at elevations above 3,000 feet (900 meters). In the northern mountains, above 6,000 feet (1,800 meters), are forests of rhododendrons. Tropical evergreen rainforests of hardwood trees occur in areas receiving more than 80 inches (2,000 mm) of rain annually. In regions where the rainfall is between 40 and 80 inches (1,000 and 2,000 mm) are found broad-leaved tropical-deciduous monsoon forests , the trees of which shed their leaves during the hot season. They produce valuable woods, notably teak . Where rainfall is less than 40 inches, the forests gradually open into scrubland. There are no true grasslands in Myanmar, but bamboo , bracken (ferns), and coarse grass grow in areas where the forest has been cleared and then abandoned. In the Irrawaddy and Sittang deltas are found tidal forests of mangrove trees that grow as high as 100 feet (30 meters) and supply firewood and bark for tanning.

The jungles of Myanmar are home to a profusion of birdlife, including pheasants , parrots , peafowl and other wild fowl, and grouse . The Asian two-horned rhinoceros ( Dicerorhinus sumatrensis ), the wild water buffalo , the gaur (a species of wild cattle), and various kinds of deer were once plentiful but are now reduced in number and protected. Elephants are numerous, and many are trained for work. Tigers , leopards , and wildcats are still common; the majestic Bengal tiger is endangered but still present in Myanmar. Bears are found in hilly regions, and gibbons and monkeys of various kinds inhabit the thicker parts of the forests. Snakes include pythons , cobras , and vipers , and crocodiles are found in the deltas . Turtles live in coastal regions, and edible fish abound in every stream.

Myanmar is a country of great ethnic diversity . The Burmans , who form the largest group, account for more than half of the population. They are concentrated in the Irrawaddy River valley and in the coastal strips, with an original homeland in the central dry zone.

The Karen are the only hill people who have settled in significant numbers in the plains. Constituting about one-tenth of the population, they are the second largest ethnic group in Myanmar. They are found in the deltas among the Burmans, in the Bago Mountains , and along both sides of the lower Salween River . The Kayah , who live on the southern edge of the Shan Plateau , are also known as the Red Karen, or Karenni, apparently for their red robes. Although ethnically and linguistically Karen, they tend to maintain their own identity and hereditary leadership.

The Shan of the Shan Plateau have little ethnolinguistic affinity with the Burmans, and, although historically led by hereditary rulers, their society was less elaborately structured than that of the plains peoples. The Shan represent a small but significant portion of the country’s population.

The Irrawaddy and Sittang deltas were once peopled by the Mon , who likely entered the country more than two millennia ago from their kingdoms in the Chao Phraya River valley in Thailand . The Mon were conquered in the 11th century by the Burmans, and by the end of the 18th century they had largely been incorporated into Burman society—by intermarriage as well as by suppression. A sizable number still remain in the Sittang valley and in the Tenasserim region; although they continue to call themselves Mon, most have assimilated virtually imperceptibly into Burman culture and no longer speak their original language.

Numerous small ethnic groups, most of which inhabit the upland regions, together account for roughly one-fifth of Myanmar’s population. In the western hills and the Chindwin River valley are various groups called by the comprehensive name of Chin . The upper Irrawaddy valley and the northern hills are occupied by groups under the comprehensive name of Kachin . These peoples long have had an association with the Burmans.

The ethnographic complexity of the highlands occasionally leads to misgroupings of some of the smaller communities with their more prominent neighbors. For example, the Wa and the Palaung of the Shan Plateau are often grouped with the larger—but ethnically and linguistically distinct—Shan community . Similarly, the Naga on the Myanmar side of the frontier with India sometimes are mistakenly placed with the Chin , and the Muhso (a Lahu people) in northeastern Myanmar are grouped with the Kachin .

During the period of British colonial rule, there were sizable communities of South Asians and Chinese , but many of these people left at the outbreak of World War II . A second, but forced, exodus took place in 1963, when commerce and industry were nationalized. In the early 21st century the Chinese constituted a small but notable portion of Myanmar’s people.

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• Published: 22 April 2010

Tree rings map 700 years of Asian monsoons

• Richard A. Lovett  

Nature ( 2010 ) Cite this article

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• Palaeoclimate

Historical rainfall across the region documented for the first time.

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Cook, E. R. et al. Science 328, 486-489 (2010).

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Buckley, B. N. et al. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 107, 6748-6752 (2010).

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LDEO Tree-Ring Laboratory

LDEO website: Did Climate Influence Angkor's Collapse?

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Lovett, R. Tree rings map 700 years of Asian monsoons. Nature (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/news.2010.196

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Published : 22 April 2010

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1038/news.2010.196

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Arizona's monsoon: 6 driving tips to keep yourself safe

Severe weather is no stranger to the desert Southwest. Dust storms, thunderstorms and flash floods are all common during the monsoon that begins June 15 and continues through September. The monsoon season can be a dangerous time to drive. 

Many people don't think about it until the time arrives, but knowing what to do if caught out on the road during these storms is important. Here are 6 tips for driving during one of these storms:

1. Subscribe to media weather alerts and watch for upcoming storms. Stay off the roads if you know a storm is coming. 

2. If you are caught in a storm while driving and visibility is low , turn on headlights and slow down to a cautious speed to see reasonable distance ahead.

Arizona monsoon: How not to get struck by lightning

3. Under extreme dusty conditions when the road is barely visible , pull off to the side of the road and get as far right as possible. Turn off the car and headlights, set the parking brake and keep off the brake pedal.

4. When driving in the rain or soon after it stops,it is important to pay close attention to traction. Rain may cause tires to hydroplane at certain speeds, which means the vehicle is literally driving on water. Slow down! Look out for fast moving vehicles, as they can splash up blinding sheets of water. By the time visibility clears, it might be too late. Water on the road may be deeper than it looks. Slow speed accordingly and drive with caution.

5. Pay attention to hazard signssuch as "Do Not Cross When Flooded," "Road Closed Due to Flooding," and "Roadblocks." Ignoring barriers or signs can threaten life and property, which can result in legal enforcement by the police. Do not attempt to cross rain-swollen washes. A flash flood can quickly sweep a vehicle away. Control of the vehicle can be lost in just 6 inches of water. Most vehicles will begin to float in 2 feet of water.

6. If your car has stalled in water , climb onto the roof of the car and use a cell phone to dial 911. Be specific about location and wait to be rescued. If the water level is low enough to wade to safety, do so, but beware of floating debris, slippery rocks, currents and holes that are deeper than the water level. Get to dry land and find shelter immediately.

Mark DeBruyckere is operations division chief for the Scottsdale Fire Department.

Susan Montoya Bryan, Associated Press Susan Montoya Bryan, Associated Press

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• Copy URL https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/heat-wave-eases-slightly-in-u-s-southwest-but-forecasters-urge-continued-caution

Heat wave eases slightly in U.S. Southwest, but forecasters urge continued caution

ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. (AP) — The weeklong heat wave that baked most of the U.S. Southwest in temperatures well into triple digits is on its last legs, but forecasters are still urging people to be cautious as there will be little relief from the warm weather until monsoon thunderstorms begin to kick in, likely in July.

READ MORE: Records tumble as early heat wave scorches Southwest U.S.

A slight easing of temperatures is expected through the weekend, with Phoenix and Las Vegas falling short of besting any new records. Still, an excessive heat warning continues through Saturday in Las Vegas, where it’s never been hotter this time of year. It was a record-high 110 degrees Fahrenheit (43.3 degrees Celsius) in Las Vegas on Friday, 113 F (45 C) in Phoenix and 100 F (37.8 C) in Albuquerque.

Even in Florida, forecasters with the National Weather Service on Saturday warned that heat indices would be well into the triple digits for Miami and other areas. That measurement reflects what the temperature feels like to the human body when relative humidity is combined with the air temperature.

Record high temperatures also were expected through the weekend for central Florida, where many communities just wrapped up their warmest May on record as temperatures for the month were between 3 and 4 degrees above normal.

Forecasters also issued heat advisories in far West Texas and along the U.S.-Mexico border, but they noted that the highs would be a bit cooler than the past couple days.

The heat arrived weeks earlier than usual even in places at higher elevations — areas typically a dozen degrees cooler. That includes Reno, Nevada, where the normal high of 81 F (27 C) for this time of year soared to a record 98 F (37 C) on Thursday and hit 98 F again Friday — but was short of the daily record 100 F (37.7 C).

John Adair, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service in Las Vegas, said it’s not unusual for parts of the Southwest to heat up pretty quickly, especially in the second half of June.

“So this is a hot time of year before we start to get some moisture and cloud cover from the monsoon thunderstorms that come around,” he said. “Even for next weekend, we’re forecast to hover around 105, 106, which is just slightly above normal at that point.”

In the Southwest, monsoon thunderstorms typically ramp up during the first week in July.

There have been no reports of any heat-related deaths or serious injuries in the region, but a 68-year-old man was hospitalized in stable condition in Phoenix on Friday after he was overcome with heat exhaustion while hiking on a mountain trail and rescued by fire crews.

READ MORE: 2023 set a record for U.S. heat deaths. Why 2024 could be even deadlier

In Nevada, the Clark County Fire Department reported Friday that it logged 20 calls classified as heat exposure over a three-day period, with 12 of those resulting in trips to local hospitals. Eight of the calls came on Friday.

Cooling centers, including community centers and libraries, remained open Saturday for people looking for relief from the heat, the fire department said.

With heat records already being broken in May and June, this year could end up being more deadly than last when it comes to heat-related deaths. The death certificates of more than 2,300 people who died in the United States last summer mention the effects of excessive heat, the highest number in 45 years of records, according to an Associated Press analysis of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data.

Associated Press writers Scott Sonner in Reno, Nevada, and Ken Miller in Oklahoma City contributed.

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