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CBSE Class 12 Psychology Important Case Study Based Questions 2023: Read and Solve for Tomorrow's Exam

Psychology important case study questions for cbse class 12: practice important psychology case study-based questions for cbse class 12. these questions are important for the upcoming cbse class 12 psychology board exam 2023..

Atul Rawal

  CBSE Class 12 Psychology Exam 2023: Hello students! kudos to the efforts you put into tackling your 2023 board examinations. We understand that the last few weeks were tremendously tiring, both mentally and physically. Don’t worry, take a deep breath and relax as this is the final phase of your CBSE examination 2023. The class 12 Psychology exam is the last in the lane. Its paper code is 037. The exam is planned for 05th April 2023, that is, tomorrow. The exam will be for 3 hours scheduled between 10.30 AM to 01.30 PM. We believe you have already solved the sample question and previous year papers for Class 12 Psychology and must be aware of the exam pattern. If not, please refer to the links below.

  • CBSE Class 12 Psychology Previous Year Question Papers: Download pdf
  • CBSE Board Class 12 Psychology Sample Paper 2022-23 in PDF

CBSE Class 12 Psychology, Important Case Study-Based Questions:

Case 1: .

Read the following case study and answer the questions that follow: 

Sundar, a college-going 20-year-old male, has moved from his home town to live in a big city. He has continuous fear of insecurity and feels that enemy soldiers are following him. He gets very tense when he spots anyone in a uniform and feels that they are coming to catch him. This intense anxiety is interfering with his work and relationship, and his friends are extremely concerned as it does not make any sense to them. Sundar occasionally laughs abruptly and inappropriately and sometimes stops speaking mid-sentence, scanning off in the distance as though he sees or hears something. He expresses concern about the television and radio in the room potentially being monitored by the enemies. His beliefs are fixed and if they are challenged, his tone becomes hostile. 

Q1. Based on the symptoms being exhibited, identify the disorder. Explain the other symptoms that can be seen in this disorder.

Q2. Define delusion and inappropriate affect. Support it with the symptoms given in the above case study.

Read the case and answer the questions that follow. 

Alfred  Binet, in 1905,  was requested by the French government to devise a method by which students who experienced difficulty in school could be identified.  Binet and his colleague,  Theodore  Simon,  began developing questions that focused on areas not explicitly taught in schools those days, such as memory, and attention skills related to problem-solving.  Using these questions, Binet determined which were the ones that served as the best predictors of school success. 

Binet quickly realised that some children were able to answer more advanced questions than older children were generally able to answer and vice versa.  Based on this observation, Binet suggested the concept of mental age or a measure of intelligence based on the average abilities of children of a  certain age group.  This first intelligence test is referred to as the Binet-Simon  Scale. He insisted that intelligence is influenced by many factors, it changes over time,  and it can only be compared in children with similar backgrounds. 

Q1 . Identify the approach on which the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale is based. Discuss its features.

Q2 . ‘Binet quickly realised that some children were able to answer more advanced questions than older children were generally able to answer and vice versa’. Why do individuals differ in intelligence? Using examples, give reasons for your answer.

Read the following case study and answer the questions that follow :

All the Indian settlers were contemptuously and without distinction dubbed “coolies” and forbidden to walk on footpaths or be out at night without permits. 

Mahatma Gandhi quickly discovered colour discrimination in South Africa and confronted the realisation that being Indian subjected him to it as well. At a particular train station, railway employees ordered him out of the carriage despite his possessing a first-class ticket. Then on the stagecoach for the next leg of his journey, the coachman, who was white, boxed his ears. A Johannesburg hotel also barred him from lodging there. Indians were commonly forbidden to own land in Natal, while ownership was more permissible for native-born people. 

In 1894, the Natal Bar Association tried to reject Gandhi on the basis of race. He was nearly lynched in 1897 upon returning from India while disembarking from a ship moored at Durban after he, his family, and 600 other Indians had been forcibly quarantined, allegedly due to medical fears that they carried plague germs. 

Q1. What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination ? On the

basis of the incidents in the above case study, identify a situation for each

which are examples of prejudice and discrimination.

Q2. What do you think could have been a source of these prejudices ? Explain

any two sources. 

Read the given case carefully and answer the questions that follow: 

Harish belonged to a family of four children, him being the eldest. Unlike any first born, he was not given the attention he should have had. His father worked as an accountant, while his mother stayed at home to look after the kids. He dropped out of school and could barely manage to get work for a little salary.

His relationship with his family played an important role in building his disposition. He felt a certain feeling of insecurity with his siblings, especially his brother Tarun, who was able to finish college because of parental support.

Due to the hopelessness Harish felt, he started engaging in drinking alcohol with his high school friends. Parental negligence caused emotional turmoil. He also had insomnia which he used as a reason for drinking every night.

Over time, Harish had to drink more to feel the effects of the alcohol. He got grouchy or shaky and had other symptoms when he was not able to drink or when he tried to quit.

In such a case, the school would be the ideal setting for early identification and intervention. In addition, his connection to school would be one of the most significant protective factors for substance abuse. His school implemented a variety of early intervention strategies which did not help him as he was irregular and soon left school. Some protective factors in school would be the ability to genuinely experience positive emotions through good communication.

(i)It has been found that certain family systems are likely to produce abnormal functioning in individual members.

In the light of the above statement, the factors underlying Harish's condition can be related to model.

(A) Humanistic

(B) Behavioural

(C) Socio-cultural 

(D) Psychodynamic

(ii) Over time, Harish needed to drink more before he could feel the effects of the alcohol. This means that he built a alcohol. towards the

(A) Withdrawal

(B) Tolerance

(C) Stress inoculation

(D) All of the above

(iii)He got grouchy or shaky and had other symptoms when he was not able to drink or when he tried to quit. This refers to

(A) Low willpower symptoms.

(B) Addiction symptoms

(C) Withdrawal symptoms

(D) Tolerance symptoms

(iv) Which of the following is not true about substance related and addictive disorders?

(A) Alcoholism unites millions of families through social interactions and get-togethers.

(B) Intoxicated drivers are responsible for many road accidents. 

(C) It also has serious effects on the children of persons with this disorder.

(D) Excessive drinking can seriously damage physical health.

Read the given case carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Monty was only 16 years when he dealt with mixed emotions for every couple of months. He shares that sometimes he felt like he was on top of the world and that nobody could stop him. He would be extremely confident. Once these feelings subsided, he would become depressed and lock himself in the room. He would neither open the door for anyone nor come out.

He shares, "My grades were dropping as I started to breathe rapidly and worry about almost everything under the sun. I felt nervous, restless and tense, with an increased heart rate. My family tried to help but I wasn't ready to accept." His father took him to the doctor, who diagnosed him. Teenage is a tough phase as teenagers face various emotional and psychological issues. How can one differentiate that from a disorder? Watch out when one is hopeless and feels helpless. Or, when one is not able to control the powerful emotions. It has to be confirmed by a medical practitioner.

During his sessions, Monty tries to clear many myths. He gives his perspective of what he experienced and the treatment challenges. "When I was going through it, I wish I had met someone with similar experiences so that I could have talked to her/him and understood why I was behaving the way I was. By talking openly, I hope to help someone to cope with it and believe that it is going to be fine one day."

Now, for the last five years Monty has been off medication and he is leading a regular life. Society is opening up to address mental health issues in a positive way, but it always helps to listen to someone who has been through it.

(i)Monty's symptoms are likely to be those of

(A) ADHD and anxiety disorder

(B) Bipolar disorder and generalised anxiety disorder 

(C) Generalised anxiety disorder and oppositional defiant disorder

(D) Schizophrenia

(ii) During his sessions, Monty tried to clear many myths. Which one of the following is a myth?

(A) Normality is the same as conformity to social norms.

(B) Adaptive behaviour is not simply maintenance and survival but also includes growth and fulfilment.

(C) People are hesitant to consult a doctor or a psychologist because they are ashamed of their problems.

(D) Genetic and biochemical factors are involved in causing mental disorders.

(iii) With an understanding of Monty's condition, which of the following is a likely symptom he may also be experiencing?

(A) Frequent washing of hands

(B) Assuming alternate personalities

(C) Persistent body related symptoms, which may or may not be related to any serious medical condition

(D) Prolonged, vague, unexplained and intense fears that are not attached to any particular object

(iv) Teenage is a tough phase as teenagers face various emotional and psychological issues. The disorder manifested in the early stage of development is classified as,

(A) Feeding and eating disorder

(B) Trauma and stressor related disorder

(C) Neurodevelopmental disorder

(D) Somatic symptom disorder

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  • On what day CBSE Class 12 Psychology 2023 exam is? + As per the official schedule, the CBSE class 12 psychology exam will be conducted on 05th April 2023. It would a Wednesday.
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Psychology Class 12 Exam Questions

Please refer to Psychology Class 12 Exam Questions with solutions below. These important exams solved questions have been prepared based on the latest books and syllabus issued by CBSE, NCERT, and KVS. Our team of expert teachers of Class 12 Psychology has designed these based on the latest examination guidelines and the type of questions expected to come in the examinations.

Exam Questions Class 12 Psychology

We have provided exam questions with solutions for all chapters in Standard 12 Psychology. You should learn these before the examinations as the answers have been designed to help you get better marks. You can click on the chapter-wise links below to access all problems and solutions for free. These will also help you to clear all concepts and improve your understanding of Psychology in Class 12.

Chapterwise Important Questions Class 12 Psychology

Psychology Class 12 Exam Questions

It is important for students to prepare for Class 12 Psychology exams properly and practice questions and answers which have been designed based on the latest guidelines on the type of questions to be asked in the upcoming class 12 Psychology examination. We have also provided MCQ Questions for Class 12 Psychology which will be very useful for students. This year more MCQ-based questions and Case study-based questions are expected in examinations. We have provided all the latest questions which are expected to come in exams on our website. Students in Class 12 should download these questions in Pdf and share with teachers and friends.

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Important Questions For Class 12 Psychology With Answers

Students should practice Important Questions for Class 12 Psychology with Answers before appearing in Class 12 Psychology Board exams. We have provided below the class 12 Psychology important questions based on each chapter in your NCERT Book for Class 12 Psychology. These chapter-wise questions have been prepared by teachers based on the latest examination pattern and syllabus issued by CBSE, NCERT KVS. The following questions and answers will be really useful to understand the type of questions which can be asked in exams

Class 12 Psychology Important Questions and Answers

Practicing by going through the past year and important questions for CBSE Class 12 Psychology is very important to prepare for the Grade 12 Psychology exams. We have provided below the best collection of questions which can come in your exams.

Chapter Wise Important Questions for Class 12 Psychology with Answers

Important Questions For Class 12 Psychology With Answers

It is important for students to go through Important Questions for Standard 12 Psychology with Answers regularly while studying various chapters. This will help students to test their understanding of various topics and also make sure that they have understood all topics properly. Our teachers have done a detailed analysis of all chapters in your NCERT Book for Class 12 Psychology. They have identified all the important questions which they expect can come in the examinations.

Students should read the chapters and notes provided by us properly. Then they should refer to the chapter-wise questions given by us. We have covered all important and difficult topics and have provided answers to all questions. We have provided step-by-step solutions so that you are able to understand the concepts explained behind the questions.

Frequently asked questions by Class 12 Psychology Students

You can download the best collection of Class 12 Psychology questions and answers from https://cbsencertsolutions.com/. Our faculty has provided the most important questions which can be asked in exams.

Yes, all chapter-wise questions and answers have been prepared based on the latest syllabus issued by CBSE for the current academic year.

Apart from Psychology for Class 12, we have provided notes and important questions for all other subjects in Class 12. You can read the online or download PDF

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Maharashtra Board Class 12 Psychology Solutions Chapter 1 Psychology: A Scientific Discipline

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 12 Psychology Solutions Chapter 1 Psychology: A Scientific Discipline Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 12 Psychology Solutions Chapter 1 Psychology: A Scientific Discipline

1. Choose the correct option and complete the following statements.

Question 1. Till 1879, psychology was a branch of ………. (a) physics (b) philosophy (c) physiology Answer: (b) philosophy

Question 2. Psychology is a science. (a) natural (b) social (c) biological Answer: (b) social

Maharashtra Board Class 12 Psychology Solutions Chapter 1 Psychology: A Scientific Discipline

Question 3. …………………. is considered as founder of Psychoanalysis. (a) Wilhelm Wundt (b) Carl Rogers (c) Sigmund Freud Answer: (c) Sigmund Freud

2. Match the pair

3. State whether the following statements are true or false.

Question 1. Psychology is a study of mental processes. Answer: True

Question 2. Case study method is quite often used by clinical psychologists. Answer: True

Question 3. An experimenter is a person on whom the experiment is conducted. Answer: False

4. Answer the following in one sentence each.

Question 1. In which year was the first psychology laboratory established? Answer: The first psychology laboratory was established in 1879 by Wilhelm Wundt, at the University of Leipzig in Germany.

Question 2. Who is considered as the ‘Father of American Psychology’? Answer: William James, founder of Functionalism school of thought of psychology is considered ‘Father of American Psychology’.

Question 3. What is meant by an experimenter? Answer: The person who conducts the experiment is called the experimenter.

5. Define / Explain the concepts in 25 – 30 words each.

Question 1. Replicability Answer: Replicability is one of the key features of science. Scientific knowledge can be replicated under the same circumstances as the original experiment. This ensures reliability of results towards establishing a scientific theory.

Question 2. Correlation coefficient. Answer: Correlation coefficient is the measurement of the correlation between two or more variables. Its value extends between -1.00 to +1.00. The concept was first introduced by Sir Francis Galton. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient is the most commonly used type of correlation coefficient.

6. Write short notes on the following in 50 – 60 words each.

Question 1. Observation method Answer: Observation method is a research method that is employed in conditions where experiments may not be possible or even necessary. Observation is used by child psychologists and social psychologists. It may be carried out in a natural setting, for e.g., observing candidates waiting their turn for an interview. It may also be carried out in controlled conditions. The following factors should be kept in mind while carrying out the observation

  • it should be done systematically.
  • a comprehensive list of behaviours to be observed must be prepared.
  • the persons should not be aware of being observed.

The disadvantages of observation are:

  • it is a time consuming method.
  • objectivity is difficult to maintain during observation.
  • it is difficult to establish cause-effect relationships.

Question 2. Survey method Answer: A survey is a research method used to collect data from a pre-determined group of respondents, i.e., a sample. It is used to obtain information about the preferences, opinions, etc., of the ‘sample’ population. It makes use of tools like questionnaire, checklist, interviews, etc. Survey method is employed by social psychologists, industrial psychologists, etc. The researcher must ensure that-

  • sample of respondents is representative of the population.
  • questions should not be ambiguous.

The disadvantages of survey method are:

  • it is a very subjective method,
  • it lacks reliability.

Question 3. Case study method Answer: Case study method is a qualitative research method employed by clinical psychologists. It provides intensive, descriptive information about an individual from multiple sources such as family, peers, school, academic and health records, etc. This helps to assess the person’s level of psychological and social functioning. Researchers may employ techniques like observation, interview, psychological tests, etc. Psychologist such as Sigmund Freud and Jean Piaget made extensive use of case study method. However, this method is very time consuming and subjective.

Question 4. Importance of rationality Answer: Rationality implies being agreeable to reason. According to Stanovich, “Rationality involves adaptive reasoning, good judgement and good decision making.” According to Dr. Albert Ellis, rationality helps a person to successfully attain goals and be happy. He proposed Rational Emotive Behavioural Therapy (REBT), which is a popular intervention method in counselling psychology. Rationality is important because:

  • It allows us to make decisions in new or unfamiliar situations by helping us to gather and process relevant information.
  • It enables the person to exhibit tolerance and flexibility.
  • A rational person accepts oneself unconditionally and assumes responsibility for their own behaviour.
  • Rationality helps to understand and respect the views and interests of others.

7. Define / Explain the concepts in 25 – 30 words each.

Question 1. Science Answer: The word science is derived from the Latin word ‘Scientia’ which means ‘knowledge’. Science is the pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the natural and social world, following a systematic methodology based on evidence. The key features of science are empirical evidence, objectivity, scientific causality, systematic exploration and replication.

Question 2. Objectivity Answer: Objectivity is one of the key features of science. It refers to the ability to observe and accept facts as they exist setting aside all sources of expectations, values, prejudices, etc. Science objectively studies some particular phenomenon.

8. Answer the following questions in detail.

Maharashtra Board Class 12 Psychology Solutions Chapter 1 Psychology A Scientific Discipline 1

(iii) Zero correlation – A change in one variable leads to no significant change in the other variable, for e.g., height and intelligence.

Question 2. Explain some of the challenges in establishing psychology as a science. Answer: Many criticisms of psychology as a science have been made on practical, philosophical and ethical grounds. The challenges in establishing psychology as a science are: (i) It is in preparadigmatic state – According to American philosopher, Thomas Kuhn, psychology is still in a preparadigmatic state as it has not succeeded in producing a cumulative body of knowledge that has a clear conceptual cove.

(ii) Issues related to objectivity and validity – Methods used in psychology such as introspection, surveys and questionnaires are subjective. Due to this, psychology lacks two criteria of science, i.e., objectivity and validity.

(iii) Issues related to predictability and replicability – In psychology it is difficult to make exact predictions as people respond differently in different situations. Test result are more varied and hence difficult to replicate.

(iv) Objectifying humans – According to some psychologists, subjecting human behaviour to experimentation amounts to objectifying individuals.

Question 3. Explain the key features of science. Answer: The word science is derived from the Latin word ‘Scientia’ which means ‘knowledge’. Science is the pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the natural and social world, following a systematic methodology based on evidence. They key features of science are:

  • Empirical evidence – It refers to acquiring information through direct observation or experiments. Scientific knowledge is based on verifiable evidence.
  • Objectivity – This refers to the ability to observe and accept facts as they exist, setting aside all sources of expectations, values, prejudices, etc.
  • Scientific causality – Science aims to establish a cause-effect relationship between the variables under consideration, i.e., the effect of the Independent Variable on the Dependent Variable.
  • Systematic exploration – Science adopts a sequential procedure for studying various phenomena. It includes scientific steps like formulating a hypothesis, collection of facts, scientific generalisation etc.
  • Replication – Scientific knowledge can be replicated under the same circumstances as the original experiment. This ensures reliability of results towards establishing a scientific theory.
  • Predictability – Science involves describing and explaining phenomena as well as to make predictions accordingly.

Question 4. Write detailed information of the experimental method in psychology. Answer: The systematic observation about a certain problem under controlled laboratory conditions is called an experiment. For example, Albert Bandura conducted experiment to investigate if social behaviours i.e., aggression can be acquired by observation and imitation. The steps involved in an experiment are:

  • identifying the problem
  • formulation a hypothesis
  • selecting an experimental design
  • conducting the experiment and data collection
  • data analysis
  • drawing conclusions

The key terms of experimental method with examples are:

  • Problem: To study the effect of music on the level of blood Pressure.
  • Hypothesis: The music will help in regulating the level of blood pressure.
  • Independent variable: Music.
  • Dependent variable: Level of blood pressure.
  • Intervening variables: Age, gender, all other sounds other than music, etc.
  • Experimenter : A person who will be conducting this experiment. (May be you or your psychology teacher.)
  • Participant : A person on whom this experiment will be conducted. (May be your family member/ friend.)

The two variables in an experiment are:

  • Independent Variable (I.V.) – It is the variable that the experimenter manipulates or changes systematically to study it’s effect on the D.V. (Cause).
  • Dependent Variable (D.V.) – the variable that may change due to manipulation of the I.V. (effect).

The features of the method are:

  • it is the most objective and scientific method of studying behaviour
  • it helps to establish cause-effect relationship between two or more variables
  • the findings of an experiment are verifiable

The limitations of the method are:

  • it may not be possible to control all intervening variables
  • it has a limited scope, i.e., there may be ethical constraints or risk factors
  • experimenter’s expectations or participant attitude may influence the conclusions

Question 5. Explain the characteristics of a rational individual. Answer: One of the significant aims of individuals is attainment of happiness. However, in the pursuit of happiness, one should not be driven by irrational influences or compromise on social norms and ethics. Psychology helps to improving life quality by applying the concept of rationality in daily life. According to Stanovich, “Rationality involves adaptive reasoning, good judgement and good decision making.” According to Dr. Albert Ellis, rationality helps a person to successfully attain goals and be happy. He proposed Rational Emotive Behavioural Therapy (REBT), which is a popular intervention method in counselling Psychology.

According to Ellis, rational people possess characteristics such as:

  • Understanding both self-interest and social interest – Rational people understand what choices help them to grow and take responsibility for their actions. They are also careful not to violate other’s rights.
  • Self-direction – The person does not demand excessive attention or support from others as he/she assumes the responsibility for his/her own life.
  • Tolerance – It is the willingness to accept beliefs and behaviour patterns of others that may differ from our own way of thinking.
  • Flexibility – Rational people tend to be flexible and unbiased in their thoughts and actions.
  • Self-acceptance and self-responsibility – A rational person accepts him/herself unconditionally as well as responsibility for his/her thoughts, emotions and behaviour.

The concept of rationality can be explained as:

How Rational Am I?

Question 1. Identify the strongest and the weakest characteristics in you from those explained by Dr. Albert Ellis. Answer: Rational people are psychologically healthy and show adaptive reasoning and good decision making. According to Dr. Albert Ellis, some characteristics of rational persons are:

  • Understanding self-interest and social interest
  • Self-direction
  • Flexibility
  • Self-acceptance and self-responsibility.

The strongest characteristic in me is self-direction. The weakest characteristic in me is flexibility.

Question 2. How will you work on your weakest characteristic? Write two strategies. Answer: Two strategies that I can use to improve the flexibility in my life is:

  • Adopt an unbiased perspective and non-judgmental thinking
  • Practicing meditation and mindfulness.

(A) Identify the Independent Variable and Dependent Variable.

  • To study the effect of colour on moods.
  • To study the effect of positive feedback on self-confidence.
  • To study the effect of loud noise on concentration levels.
  • To study the effect of exposure to classical music on reading skills.
  • To study the effect of a type of diet on weight loss.
  • To study the effect of a fertilizer on crop growth.
  • To study the effect of solving previous years exam papers on scores in the exam.
  • To study the effect of worker’s participation in decision making on job satisfaction.

(B) Identify the type of correlation.

  • Gender and Intelligence.
  • Cold weather and sales of air conditioners.
  • Low income and standard of living.
  • Consuming foods with antioxidants and immune system.
  • Speed and time taken to cover a distance.
  • Heads/tails,on flipping a coin and result when you flip another time.
  • Colour of the hair and learning a dance form.
  • Average temperature in a city and ice cream sales in it.
  • Chain smoking and lifespan.
  • Intelligence and language development.
  • Increasing age after 60 years and physical agility.
  • Level of water in a fish tank and area of fish habitat.
  • Large number of trees felled and probability of soil erosion.
  •  More hours spent at work and available leisure time.

Class 12 Psychology Chapter 1 Psychology: A Scientific Discipline Intext Questions and Answers

ACTIVITIES (Textbook Page. No. 1)

Read the following statements. Think and discuss whether the given statements are facts or myths and misconceptions about psychology: (i) Psychology is just common sense and not a real science. (ii) Psychology is simply a pseudoscience. (iii) Psychologists are simply mind readers or the face readers. (iv) Psychology is related only to the study of crazy people who are in need of therapy. (v) Psychologists, psychiatrists and counsellors have the same professional qualifications and their jobs are almost of the same nature. (vi) Anyone with a degree in psychology can provide counselling to a need person. Answer: Answer: All the statements are misconceptions. Statement 1, 2 are misconceptions because Psychology is a social science that fulfils the criteria of a science, e.g., it employs the scientific method.

Statement 3 is a misconception. Psychologists are trained professionals in some field of psychology, e.g., counselling psychology. They employ tools like observation, case study, experiments, etc.

Statement 4 is a misconception. There are numerous branches of psychology such as Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Abnormal Psychology, Environmental Psychology, etc.

Statement 5 is a misconception. Psychiatrists are trained medical doctors and focus on medication management. Psychologists employ psychotherapy such as CBT, REBT, etc.

Statement 6 is a misconception. A counsellor is a person who has academic qualifications as well as professional training in counselling techniques.

Activity 2 (Textbook Page. No. 3)

Read the following statements and discuss about the same in the classroom: (i) Psychology is a science because it fulfils many conditions of science. (ii) Psychology is not an exact science like physics or chemistry. (iii) Psychology is a social science that studies human (and animal) behaviour and mental processes. (iv) Psychology uses some objective research methods, it examines cause-and-effect relationships to produce laws governing human behaviour and its findings can be verified. (v) Psychology can be distinguished from pseudoscience and folk wisdom as psychology has evidence against its theories. (vi) The subject matter of psychology is complex as human behaviour is dynamic and the mental processes are abstract. Therefore, the theories of psychology are not as universal, exact and precise as those in physics and chemistry. Answer:

  • Psychology fulfils conditions of science such as acquiring empirical evidence, objectivity, predictability, scientific causality, etc.
  • Psychology is a social science which deals with human beings. It is not a physical science.
  • Psychology is defined as the scientific study of human behaviour and mental processes.
  • Psychology uses objective methods like controlled laboratory experiments and aims to establish scientific causality and verifiable theories.
  • Psychology is not based on folk wisdom, pseudo knowledge or myths. It is based on systematic exploration and acquisition of empirical evidence.
  • Psychology is a social science so its theories cannot be universal or exact as in the physical science. Human behaviour is constantly evolving and unpredictable.

Activity 3 (Textbook Page. No. 4)

Visit the website given below and collect information about various schools of thought of psychology: https://www. verywellmind.com/psychology-schools-of-thought-2795247 Answer:

  • Structuralism – Focused on breaking down mental processes into the basic elements using techniques like introspection.
  • Functionalism – Focused on the mind’s functions and adaptations.
  • Gestalt school – Focused on looking at the ‘whole’ rather than individual elements.
  • Behavioural school – Focused on study of observable behaviour.
  • Psychoanalytic school – Emphasized the influence of the ‘unconscious’ on behaviour.
  • Humanistic school – It developed as a response to psychoanalysis and behaviourism. It focused on individual free will, personal growth and concept of self-actualization (achieving one’s full potential).
  • Cognitive school (Cognitivism) – Focused on the study of mental processes like learning, perception, memory etc.

In recent times, Behavioural school, Cognitive school and Humanistic school remain influential. Most psychologists adopt an eclectic approach drawing upon different perspectives.

Activity 5 (Textbook Page. No. 5)

Find out the Independent Variable and Dependent Variable from the experiment ideas given below: (i) To study the effect of practice on memory. (ii) To study the effect of mental set on problem solving. (iii) To study the effect of noise pollution on the speed of writing. (iv) To study the effect of colour on perception. (v) To study the effect of feedback on decision making. Answer:

Activity 6 (Textbook Page. No. 8)

Discuss about the following topics that can be studied using correlation study method: (i) Bunking lectures and score in exams (ii) Weight and intelligence (iii) Amount of salary and level of job satisfaction (iv) Rehearsal and forgetting (v) Height and aptitude in music (vi) Urbanization and pollution (vii) Speed of vehicles and road accidents Answer: (a) Positive correlation

  • Urbanization and pollution
  • Speed of vehicles and road accidents

(b) Negative correlation

  • Bunking lectures and score in exams
  • Rehearsal and forgetting

(c) Zero correlation

  • Weight and intelligence
  • Height and aptitude in music

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Psychology Chapter 1 Variations in Psychological Attributes

case study based questions class 12 psychology chapter 1

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Psychology Chapter 1 Variations in Psychological Attributes updated for new academic session 2024-25. All the question answers of 12th Psychology are solved by subject experts, so that students can prepare for their exams easily.

Class 12 Psychology Chapter 1 Variations in Psychological Attributes Question answers

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Each psychologist defines and describes intelligence in their own unique way. One of the earliest psychologists to study intelligence was Alfred Binet, who described intelligence as “the ability to assess well, understand well, and reason well.” The Wechsler intelligence test is popular among those who view intelligence in terms of functionality, or the importance of being able to adapt to one’s surroundings.

He described it as a person’s overall and collective ability to reason, behave consciously, and interact with her or his surroundings. According to Gardner and Sternberg, an intelligent person actively adjusts or shapes their environment in addition to adapting to it. Therefore, according to psychologists, intelligence has characteristics like being intellectually quick and aware, having a sense of humour, and having an understanding.

Psychological motion of intelligence is quite different from the common sensed motion of intelligence. Generally, people saw intelligence as mental alertness, ready art, quickness in learning and ability to understand relationships. Oxford dictionary explained intelligence as the power of perceiving, learning understanding and knowing. Accordingly, Alfred Binet also used these attributes and defined intelligence as ability to judge well, understand well and reason well.

Later Wechsler gave a comprehensive definition in terms of its functionality, i.e., its value for adaptation to environment. He defined intelligence as the global and aggregate capacity of an individual to think rationally, act purposefully and to deal effectively with his/her environment. Present day psychologists such as Gardner and Sternberg emphasized that Intelligent individual not only adapts to the environment, but actively modifies or shapes it.” Sternberg views intelligence as “the ability to adapt, to shape and select environment to accomplish one’s goals and those of one’s society and culture.”

Yes, there are cultural differences in how intelligence is conceptualized. The cultural environment provides a context for the development of intelligence. A person’s intelligence can be modulated by cultural parameters such as habits, beliefs, attitudes, and achievements in art and literature. Many theorists have viewed intelligence as an inherently individual trait, regardless of cultural background.

Sternberg’s concept of contextual intelligence or practical intelligence argues that intelligence is a product of culture. Vygotsky also believed that culture had its own life that grew and changed, thereby determining what the end product of successful intellectual development would be. Methods of higher mental functioning, such as problem-solving and thinking functions, are primarily culturally generated.

Technologically advanced societies encourage generalization and abstraction skills, speed, minimal movement, and a practice that promotes mental manipulation in children called technical intelligence. Intelligence tests look for precisely these abilities in a person. On the other hand, in many societies in Asia and Africa, technical intelligence is given less importance. The traits and abilities that are considered intellectual behavior in non-Western cultures vary widely, although the boundaries are gradually disappearing under the influence of Western culture. Therefore, the relationships between different aspects of intelligence vary across cultures.

Creativity and intelligence are undoubtedly correlated due to the fact excessive cappotential is factor of creativity A notably sensible character might not be innovative however all of the innovative people are surely excessive in intelligence. Creativity is the cappotential to supply thoughts gadgets or trouble answers which might be novel suitable and useful. Intelligence is subset of creativity. Terman discovered that people with excessive IQ have been now no longer always innovative. The identical time innovative thoughts may want to come from people who did now no longer even one of these diagnosed as proficient observed up thru out their grownup existence had come to be widely known for creativity in a few field.

Researchers have discovered that each excessive and coffee stage of creativity may be discovered in notably sensible kids and additionally kids of common intelligence. The identical character may be innovative in addition to sensible however it isn’t always vital that sensible as soon as have to be innovative. Creative exams are exclusive from intelligence exams: Creative exams degree innovative questioning cappotential while intelligence exams degree fashionable intellectual cappotential. Creative exams degree convergent and divergent questioning while intelligence check degree convergent questioning only.

Creative exams degree creativeness and spontaneous expression to supply new thoughts to look new dating to bet reasons and outcomes and cappotential to position matters in a brand new context. Intelligence exams degree potential. In innovative exams questions are open-ended that haven’t any certain solutions while intelligence exams primarily use close-ended questions.

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CBSE Important Questions for Class 12 Psychology are available in Printable format for Free Download.Here you may find NCERT Important Questions and Extra Questions for Class 12 Psychology chapter wise with answers also. These questions will act as chapter wise test papers for Class 12 Psychology. These Important Questions for Class 12 Psychology are as per latest NCERT and CBSE Pattern syllabus and assure great success in achieving high score in Board Examinations

Total Papers :

Psychology Topics to be covered for Class 12

  • Individual Differences in Human Functioning, Assessment of Psychological Attributes, Intelligence, Theories of Intelligence: Psychometric Theories of Intelligence, Information Processing Theories, Theory of Multiple Intelligences, TriarchicTheory of Intelligence, Planning, Attention-Arousal and Simultaneous Successive Model of Intelligence, Individual Differences in Intelligence, Culture and Intelligence, Emotional Intelligence, Special Abilities: Aptitude: Nature and Measurement10.Creativity
  • Self and Personality, Concept of Self, Cognitive and Behavioural Aspects of Self, Culture and Self, Concept of Personality, Major Approaches to the Study of Personality, Assessment of Personality
  • Nature, Types and Sources of Stress, Effects of Stress on Psychological Functioning and Health, Coping with Stress, Promoting Positive Health and Well-being
  • Meaning of Development, Factors Influencing Development, Context of Development, Overview of Developmental Stages
  • Concepts of Abnormality and Psychological Disorders, Classification of Psychological Disorders, Factors Underlying Abnormal Behaviour, Major Psychological Disorders
  • Nature and Process of Psychotherapy, Types of Therapies, Rehabilitation of the Mentally Ill
  • Explaining Social Behaviour, Nature and Components of Attitudes, Attitude Formation and Change, Prejudice and Discrimination, Strategies for Handling Prejudice, Social Cognition, Schemas and Stereotypes, Impression Formation and Explaining, Behaviour in the Presence of Others, Pro-social Behaviour
  • Nature and Formation of Groups, Type of Groups, Influence of Group on Individual Behaviour, Conformity, Compliance and Obedience, Cooperation and Competition, Social Identity, Intergroup Conflict: Nature and Causes, Conflict Resolution Strategies
  • Human-Environment Relationship, Environmental Effects on Human Behaviour, Promoting Pro-environmental Behaviour, Psychology and Social Concerns
  • Developing as an effective Psychologist, General Skills, Observational Skills, Specific Skills, Interviewing Skills7.Counselling Skills

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CBSE Class 12 Psychology Exam 2023 : Important Case Study Based Questions with Solutions

CBSE Class 12 Psychology Exam 2023 : Important Case Study Based Questions with Solutions

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The exam is planned for 05th April 2023, that is, tomorrow. The exam will be for 3 hours scheduled between 10.30 AM to 01.30 PM.

As you know the tail segment of the paper comprises case study-based questions that require deep thinking and an eye for details. To help you with that, we have added important case study-based questions for your practice. Keep up with this post for the questions.

Case 1: 

Read the following case study and answer the questions that follow: 

Sundar, a college-going 20-year-old male, has moved from his home town to live in a big city. He has continuous fear of insecurity and feels that enemy soldiers are following him. He gets very tense when he spots anyone in a uniform and feels that they are coming to catch him. This intense anxiety is interfering with his work and relationship, and his friends are extremely concerned as it does not make any sense to them. Sundar occasionally laughs abruptly and inappropriately and sometimes stops speaking mid-sentence, scanning off in the distance as though he sees or hears something. He expresses concern about the television and radio in the room potentially being monitored by the enemies. His beliefs are fixed and if they are challenged, his tone becomes hostile. 

Q1.  Based on the symptoms being exhibited, identify the disorder. Explain the other symptoms that can be seen in this disorder.

Q2.  Define delusion and inappropriate affect. Support it with the symptoms given in the above case study.

Read the case and answer the questions that follow. 

Alfred  Binet, in 1905,  was requested by the French government to devise a method by which students who experienced difficulty in school could be identified.  Binet and his colleague,  Theodore  Simon,  began developing questions that focused on areas not explicitly taught in schools those days, such as memory, and attention skills related to problem-solving.  Using these questions, Binet determined which were the ones that served as the best predictors of school success. 

Binet quickly realised that some children were able to answer more advanced questions than older children were generally able to answer and vice versa.  Based on this observation, Binet suggested the concept of mental age or a measure of intelligence based on the average abilities of children of a  certain age group.  This first intelligence test is referred to as the Binet-Simon  Scale. He insisted that intelligence is influenced by many factors, it changes over time,  and it can only be compared in children with similar backgrounds. 

Q1 . Identify the approach on which the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale is based. Discuss its features.

Q2 . ‘Binet quickly realised that some children were able to answer more advanced questions than older children were generally able to answer and vice versa’. Why do individuals differ in intelligence? Using examples, give reasons for your answer.

Read the following case study and answer the questions that follow :

All the Indian settlers were contemptuously and without distinction dubbed “coolies” and forbidden to walk on footpaths or be out at night without permits. 

Mahatma Gandhi quickly discovered colour discrimination in South Africa and confronted the realisation that being Indian subjected him to it as well. At a particular train station, railway employees ordered him out of the carriage despite his possessing a first-class ticket. Then on the stagecoach for the next leg of his journey, the coachman, who was white, boxed his ears. A Johannesburg hotel also barred him from lodging there. Indians were commonly forbidden to own land in Natal, while ownership was more permissible for native-born people. 

In 1894, the Natal Bar Association tried to reject Gandhi on the basis of race. He was nearly lynched in 1897 upon returning from India while disembarking from a ship moored at Durban after he, his family, and 600 other Indians had been forcibly quarantined, allegedly due to medical fears that they carried plague germs. 

Q1.  What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination ? On the

basis of the incidents in the above case study, identify a situation for each

which are examples of prejudice and discrimination.

Q2.  What do you think could have been a source of these prejudices ? Explain

any two sources. 

Read the given case carefully and answer the questions that follow: 

Harish belonged to a family of four children, him being the eldest. Unlike any first born, he was not given the attention he should have had. His father worked as an accountant, while his mother stayed at home to look after the kids. He dropped out of school and could barely manage to get work for a little salary.

His relationship with his family played an important role in building his disposition. He felt a certain feeling of insecurity with his siblings, especially his brother Tarun, who was able to finish college because of parental support.

Due to the hopelessness Harish felt, he started engaging in drinking alcohol with his high school friends. Parental negligence caused emotional turmoil. He also had insomnia which he used as a reason for drinking every night.

Over time, Harish had to drink more to feel the effects of the alcohol. He got grouchy or shaky and had other symptoms when he was not able to drink or when he tried to quit.

In such a case, the school would be the ideal setting for early identification and intervention. In addition, his connection to school would be one of the most significant protective factors for substance abuse. His school implemented a variety of early intervention strategies which did not help him as he was irregular and soon left school. Some protective factors in school would be the ability to genuinely experience positive emotions through good communication.

(i)It has been found that certain family systems are likely to produce abnormal functioning in individual members.

In the light of the above statement, the factors underlying Harish's condition can be related to model.

(A) Humanistic

(B) Behavioural

(C) Socio-cultural 

(D) Psychodynamic

(ii) Over time, Harish needed to drink more before he could feel the effects of the alcohol. This means that he built a alcohol. towards the

(A) Withdrawal

(B) Tolerance

(C) Stress inoculation

(D) All of the above

(iii)He got grouchy or shaky and had other symptoms when he was not able to drink or when he tried to quit. This refers to

(A) Low willpower symptoms.

(B) Addiction symptoms

(C) Withdrawal symptoms

(D) Tolerance symptoms

(iv) Which of the following is not true about substance related and addictive disorders?

(A) Alcoholism unites millions of families through social interactions and get-togethers.

(B) Intoxicated drivers are responsible for many road accidents. 

(C) It also has serious effects on the children of persons with this disorder.

(D) Excessive drinking can seriously damage physical health.

Read the given case carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Monty was only 16 years when he dealt with mixed emotions for every couple of months. He shares that sometimes he felt like he was on top of the world and that nobody could stop him. He would be extremely confident. Once these feelings subsided, he would become depressed and lock himself in the room. He would neither open the door for anyone nor come out.

He shares, "My grades were dropping as I started to breathe rapidly and worry about almost everything under the sun. I felt nervous, restless and tense, with an increased heart rate. My family tried to help but I wasn't ready to accept." His father took him to the doctor, who diagnosed him. Teenage is a tough phase as teenagers face various emotional and psychological issues. How can one differentiate that from a disorder? Watch out when one is hopeless and feels helpless. Or, when one is not able to control the powerful emotions. It has to be confirmed by a medical practitioner.

During his sessions, Monty tries to clear many myths. He gives his perspective of what he experienced and the treatment challenges. "When I was going through it, I wish I had met someone with similar experiences so that I could have talked to her/him and understood why I was behaving the way I was. By talking openly, I hope to help someone to cope with it and believe that it is going to be fine one day."

Now, for the last five years Monty has been off medication and he is leading a regular life. Society is opening up to address mental health issues in a positive way, but it always helps to listen to someone who has been through it.

(i)Monty's symptoms are likely to be those of

(A) ADHD and anxiety disorder

(B) Bipolar disorder and generalised anxiety disorder 

(C) Generalised anxiety disorder and oppositional defiant disorder

(D) Schizophrenia

(ii) During his sessions, Monty tried to clear many myths. Which one of the following is a myth?

(A) Normality is the same as conformity to social norms.

(B) Adaptive behaviour is not simply maintenance and survival but also includes growth and fulfilment.

(C) People are hesitant to consult a doctor or a psychologist because they are ashamed of their problems.

(D) Genetic and biochemical factors are involved in causing mental disorders.

(iii) With an understanding of Monty's condition, which of the following is a likely symptom he may also be experiencing?

(A) Frequent washing of hands

(B) Assuming alternate personalities

(C) Persistent body related symptoms, which may or may not be related to any serious medical condition

(D) Prolonged, vague, unexplained and intense fears that are not attached to any particular object

(iv) Teenage is a tough phase as teenagers face various emotional and psychological issues. The disorder manifested in the early stage of development is classified as,

(A) Feeding and eating disorder

(B) Trauma and stressor related disorder

(C) Neurodevelopmental disorder

(D) Somatic symptom disorder

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case study based questions class 12 psychology chapter 1

Important Questions and Answers

  • 1 mark Questions
  • 2 Marks Questions
  • 3 Marks Questions
  • 4 Marks Questions
  • 6 Marks Questions
  • Multiple Choice Questions

Chapter wise Questions and Answers

  • Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes
  • Chapter 2: Self and Personality
  • Chapter 3: Meeting Life Challenges
  • Chapter 4: Psychological Disorders
  • Chapter 5: Therapeutic Approaches
  • Chapter 6: Attitude and Social Cognition
  • Chapter 7: Social Influence and Group Processes
  • Chapter 8: Psychology and Life
  • Chapter 9: Developing Psychological Skills

Chapter Wise Mutilple Choice Questions and Answers

  • Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes - MCQ
  • Chapter 2: Self and Personality - MCQ
  • Chapter 3: Meeting Life Challenges - MCQ
  • Chapter 4: Psychological Disorders - MCQ
  • Chapter 5: Therapeutic Approaches - MCQ
  • Chapter 6: Attitude and Social Cognition - MCQ
  • Chapter 7: Social Influence and Group Processes - MCQ
  • Chapter 8: Psychology and Life - MCQ
  • Chapter 9: Developing Psychological Skills - MCQ

Sample Question Papers

  • Sample Question Paper 1
  • CBSE Solved Question Paper - 2016
  • CBSE Solved Question Paper - 2017
  • CBSE Solved Question Paper - 2020

List of Questions and Answers

Q 1. Diya is a diligent girl, who shows commitment, persistence and patience. All her behaviour is goal directed.Such characteristics focus on _____________ facet of integral intelligence. a) Social Competence b) Cognitive Capacity c) Entrepreneurial competence d) Emotional competence Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: c) Entrepreneurial competence

Q 2. ____________ refers to an individual’s underlying potential for acquiring skills. a) Intelligence b) Aptitude c) Interest d) Personality Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: b) Aptitude

Q 3. Name the psychologist who proposed the concept of Intelligence Quotient. a) Alfred Binet b) Theodore Simon c) William Stern d) Jack Naglieri Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: c) William Stern

Q 4. __________ is an exceptional general ability shown in superior performance in a wide variety of areas. a) Talent b) Giftedness c) Intelligence d) Creativity Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: b) Giftedness

Q 5.________ refers to the abilities involved in forming, using, and transforming mental images. a) Spatial b) Musical c) Naturalistic d) Intrapersonal Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: a) Spatial

Q 6.If a person has the skill of understanding motives, feelings and behaviours of other people, he/she is said to have a) Interpersonal intelligence b) Intrapersonal intelligence c) Linguistic intelligence d) Social intelligence Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: a) Interpersonal intelligence

Q 7. Identify the formula for calculating intelligence quotient. a) IQ = MA / CA x 100 b) IQ = CA / MA x 100 c) IQ = MA + CA x 100 d) IQ = MA x CA x 100 Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: a) IQ = MA / CA x 100

Q 8. The ability to monitor one's own and other’s feeling and emotions , to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one’s thinking and action is called a) Emotional intelligence b) Social intelligence c) Componential intelligence d) Experiential intelligence Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: a) Emotional intelligence

Q 9. Intelligence is composed of one general factor (g) and several specific factors (s).Who gave this theory? a) Spearman b) Guilford c) Sternberg d) Gardner Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: a) Spearman

Q 10. PASS model of intelligence was proposed by - a) J.P. Das, Jack Naglieri, and Kirby b) Jack Naglieri, Binet c) Binet, Terman and Kirby d) None of the above Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: a) J.P. Das, Jack Naglieri, and Kirby

Q 11. Charles Spearman prepared - a) Two Factor Theory b) Level One Level Two theory c) Theory of Primary mental abilities d) None of the above Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: a) Two Factor Theory

Q 12. Spatial Ability refers to - a) Skills in forming visual images and patterns b) Sensitivity to feature natural world c) Using the body flexibility and creatively d) None of the above Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: a) Skills in forming visual images and patterns

Q 13. Experiential intelligence refers to : a) Analysis of information b) Ability to deal with environment c) using past experience creatively d) None of the above Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes

Ans: c) using past experience creatively

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  What is psychology and how does it work?

The word psychology comes from two Greek words: psyche, which means “soul,” and logos, which means “science” or “study of a subject.” As a result, psychology was defined as the study of the soul or mind. Psychology is properly described as a discipline that investigates mental processes, experiences, and behaviour in many circumstances. It does so by employing biological and social scientific tools to collect data in a methodical manner.

Psychology is one of the most popular subjects since it deals with how people think, react, behave, and interact. It is primarily concerned with human behaviour, as well as the thoughts and emotions that influence it. Psychology studies aid students in better understanding themselves and others, as well as developing sound analytical abilities through the use of the scientific method. It also aids pupils in learning how the mind and body operate together. This blog will provide in-depth information on the Psychology Class 11 Psychology syllabus and case study questions asked in Class 11 Psychology examination

The CBSE examination now includes Case Based Questions for Class 11 Psychology. Class 11 Psychology Case Study Questions are simple to understand and will aid in your academic success. On myCBSEguide, you will receive access to the most recent NCERT textbooks for Class 11 Psychology and all other subjects including Class 11 Psychology Case Study Questions, which are created in compliance with the most recent CBSE/NCERT Psychology curriculum and examination format.

Class 11 Psychology Sample case study questions

Our skilled teachers have prepared the crucial case study questions for Class 11 Psychology based on the most recent syllabus and examination norms given by CBSE/ NCERT. It is critical for students in Class 11 Psychology to go over the case study questions. You can tackle the database of Class 11 Psychology case study questions offered by myCBSEguide using the understanding gained from the Class 11 Psychology case study questions and the NCERT Book for Class 11 Psychology. Because these questions are likely to appear on exams, Class 11 Psychology students should know them and practice them on a daily basis.

Class 11 Psychology Sample case study question 1

Socialization is a process by which individuals acquire knowledge, skills and dispositions

which enable them to participate as effective members of group and society. It is a process that continues over the entire life span and through which one learns develops ways of effective

functioning at any stage of development. It forms the basis of social and cultural transmission

from one generation to the next. Its failure in any society may endanger the very existence of that

society. (2+1+1=4)

  • Why socialization is necessary in daily life
  • What is the age criterion of socialization?
  • What is the basis of socialization?

Answer Key:

  • Socialization helps individual in acquiring knowledge, skills and aspirations. (2)
  • Age criterion of socialization is life span. (1)
  • Basis of socialization is social and cultural transmission. (1)

Class 11 Psychology Sample case study question 2

In our eyes, in the outer layer, there is a transparent cornea and a tough sclera that surrounds the rest of the eye. It protects the eye and maintains its shape. The middle layer is called choroid, which is richly supplied with blood vessels. The inner layer is known as retina. It contains photoreceptors (rods and cones) and an elaborate network of interconnecting neurons. The eye is generally compared with a camera. For example, the eye and camera have a lens. The lens divides the eye into two unequal chambers, namely aqueous chamber and vitreous chamber. The aqueous chamber is located between the cornea and the lens. It is smaller in size and is filled with a waterlike substance, called aqueous humor. The vitreous chamber is located between the lens and the retina. It is filled with a jelly like protein, called vitreous humor. These fluids help in holding the lens at its appropriate place and in proper shape. They also allow enough flexibility for the occurrence of accommodation — a process through which the lens changes its shape in order to focus the objects at varying distances. This process is regulated by ciliary muscles, which are attached to the lens. These muscles flatten the lens to focus the distant objects and thicken it to focus the near objects. Like a camera, the eye also has a mechanism to control the amount of light entering into it. Iris is a disc-like coloured membrane lying between the cornea and the lens. It controls the amount of light entering the eye by regulating pupil dilation. In dim light the pupil dilates; in bright light it contracts.

Our eye is made up of _____ layers.

Which muscles serve to flatten the lens so that distant objects can be focused?

  • Both a and b

The eye, like a camera, has a system for controlling the amount of light that enters it. Which of the following part of eye serves this purpose?

  • None of the given

Class 11 Psychology Curriculum

For Class 11 Psychology students, CBSE/NCERT has created a unique Curriculum to help them gain a foundation and grasp on their learning skills. In Class 11 Psychology, skills-based learning and the development of key concepts begin with a little broader viewpoint. We recognise that young brains are full of questions in the context of Class 11 Psychology , therefore we open up a world full of fascinating learning opportunities and introduce fresh material to our Class 11 Psychology pupils. Class 11 Psychology curriculum is created in such a way that each student masters all of his foundational concepts and achieves higher degrees of brilliance. The chapters covered in the NCERT textbook for class 11 are listed below.

CBSE Class 11 Psychology (Code No. 037) Syllabus

Theory Paper 3 Hours Marks: 70

myCBSEguide for Class 11 Psychology Case Study questions

myCBSEguide provides ample Class 11 Psychology Case study questions. These Class 11 Psychology Case study questions are significant tools for students across the country, and they have excelled in the country’s educational sector. Let us examine the significance of these Class 11 Psychology Case study questions provided by myCBSEguide:

  • Every explanation is accompanied by a relevant problem and answer on myCBSEguide. This makes it easier for Class 11 Psychology students to apply concepts, and the presentation of solutions helps them attain simple problem-solving abilities.
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  • The NCERT textbooks are directly referenced in CBSE exam papers, and both direct and twisted questions are based on these resources. myCBSEguide follows international level stipulations while adhering to CBSE guidelines; as a result, these class 11 Psychology case study questions are highly suggested by teachers.
  • Class 11 Psychology students can benefit from comprehensive myCBSEguide resources, which include previous year’s question papers and answers. Additional tools to promote students’ learning are available on myCBSEguide at all levels in order to increase students’ ability to answer exam papers and offer them more practice.

CBSE Sample papers , question banks, revision notes, and other materials are available through myCBSEguide. You’ll be able to get all you need to help you prepare for your examinations with so much on offer.

So, what do you have to miss? Get started on your exam preparation by downloading myCBSEguide today.

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Case Study Research Method in Psychology

Saul Mcleod, PhD

Editor-in-Chief for Simply Psychology

BSc (Hons) Psychology, MRes, PhD, University of Manchester

Saul Mcleod, PhD., is a qualified psychology teacher with over 18 years of experience in further and higher education. He has been published in peer-reviewed journals, including the Journal of Clinical Psychology.

Learn about our Editorial Process

Olivia Guy-Evans, MSc

Associate Editor for Simply Psychology

BSc (Hons) Psychology, MSc Psychology of Education

Olivia Guy-Evans is a writer and associate editor for Simply Psychology. She has previously worked in healthcare and educational sectors.

On This Page:

Case studies are in-depth investigations of a person, group, event, or community. Typically, data is gathered from various sources using several methods (e.g., observations & interviews).

The case study research method originated in clinical medicine (the case history, i.e., the patient’s personal history). In psychology, case studies are often confined to the study of a particular individual.

The information is mainly biographical and relates to events in the individual’s past (i.e., retrospective), as well as to significant events that are currently occurring in his or her everyday life.

The case study is not a research method, but researchers select methods of data collection and analysis that will generate material suitable for case studies.

Freud (1909a, 1909b) conducted very detailed investigations into the private lives of his patients in an attempt to both understand and help them overcome their illnesses.

This makes it clear that the case study is a method that should only be used by a psychologist, therapist, or psychiatrist, i.e., someone with a professional qualification.

There is an ethical issue of competence. Only someone qualified to diagnose and treat a person can conduct a formal case study relating to atypical (i.e., abnormal) behavior or atypical development.

case study

 Famous Case Studies

  • Anna O – One of the most famous case studies, documenting psychoanalyst Josef Breuer’s treatment of “Anna O” (real name Bertha Pappenheim) for hysteria in the late 1800s using early psychoanalytic theory.
  • Little Hans – A child psychoanalysis case study published by Sigmund Freud in 1909 analyzing his five-year-old patient Herbert Graf’s house phobia as related to the Oedipus complex.
  • Bruce/Brenda – Gender identity case of the boy (Bruce) whose botched circumcision led psychologist John Money to advise gender reassignment and raise him as a girl (Brenda) in the 1960s.
  • Genie Wiley – Linguistics/psychological development case of the victim of extreme isolation abuse who was studied in 1970s California for effects of early language deprivation on acquiring speech later in life.
  • Phineas Gage – One of the most famous neuropsychology case studies analyzes personality changes in railroad worker Phineas Gage after an 1848 brain injury involving a tamping iron piercing his skull.

Clinical Case Studies

  • Studying the effectiveness of psychotherapy approaches with an individual patient
  • Assessing and treating mental illnesses like depression, anxiety disorders, PTSD
  • Neuropsychological cases investigating brain injuries or disorders

Child Psychology Case Studies

  • Studying psychological development from birth through adolescence
  • Cases of learning disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, ADHD
  • Effects of trauma, abuse, deprivation on development

Types of Case Studies

  • Explanatory case studies : Used to explore causation in order to find underlying principles. Helpful for doing qualitative analysis to explain presumed causal links.
  • Exploratory case studies : Used to explore situations where an intervention being evaluated has no clear set of outcomes. It helps define questions and hypotheses for future research.
  • Descriptive case studies : Describe an intervention or phenomenon and the real-life context in which it occurred. It is helpful for illustrating certain topics within an evaluation.
  • Multiple-case studies : Used to explore differences between cases and replicate findings across cases. Helpful for comparing and contrasting specific cases.
  • Intrinsic : Used to gain a better understanding of a particular case. Helpful for capturing the complexity of a single case.
  • Collective : Used to explore a general phenomenon using multiple case studies. Helpful for jointly studying a group of cases in order to inquire into the phenomenon.

Where Do You Find Data for a Case Study?

There are several places to find data for a case study. The key is to gather data from multiple sources to get a complete picture of the case and corroborate facts or findings through triangulation of evidence. Most of this information is likely qualitative (i.e., verbal description rather than measurement), but the psychologist might also collect numerical data.

1. Primary sources

  • Interviews – Interviewing key people related to the case to get their perspectives and insights. The interview is an extremely effective procedure for obtaining information about an individual, and it may be used to collect comments from the person’s friends, parents, employer, workmates, and others who have a good knowledge of the person, as well as to obtain facts from the person him or herself.
  • Observations – Observing behaviors, interactions, processes, etc., related to the case as they unfold in real-time.
  • Documents & Records – Reviewing private documents, diaries, public records, correspondence, meeting minutes, etc., relevant to the case.

2. Secondary sources

  • News/Media – News coverage of events related to the case study.
  • Academic articles – Journal articles, dissertations etc. that discuss the case.
  • Government reports – Official data and records related to the case context.
  • Books/films – Books, documentaries or films discussing the case.

3. Archival records

Searching historical archives, museum collections and databases to find relevant documents, visual/audio records related to the case history and context.

Public archives like newspapers, organizational records, photographic collections could all include potentially relevant pieces of information to shed light on attitudes, cultural perspectives, common practices and historical contexts related to psychology.

4. Organizational records

Organizational records offer the advantage of often having large datasets collected over time that can reveal or confirm psychological insights.

Of course, privacy and ethical concerns regarding confidential data must be navigated carefully.

However, with proper protocols, organizational records can provide invaluable context and empirical depth to qualitative case studies exploring the intersection of psychology and organizations.

  • Organizational/industrial psychology research : Organizational records like employee surveys, turnover/retention data, policies, incident reports etc. may provide insight into topics like job satisfaction, workplace culture and dynamics, leadership issues, employee behaviors etc.
  • Clinical psychology : Therapists/hospitals may grant access to anonymized medical records to study aspects like assessments, diagnoses, treatment plans etc. This could shed light on clinical practices.
  • School psychology : Studies could utilize anonymized student records like test scores, grades, disciplinary issues, and counseling referrals to study child development, learning barriers, effectiveness of support programs, and more.

How do I Write a Case Study in Psychology?

Follow specified case study guidelines provided by a journal or your psychology tutor. General components of clinical case studies include: background, symptoms, assessments, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes. Interpreting the information means the researcher decides what to include or leave out. A good case study should always clarify which information is the factual description and which is an inference or the researcher’s opinion.

1. Introduction

  • Provide background on the case context and why it is of interest, presenting background information like demographics, relevant history, and presenting problem.
  • Compare briefly to similar published cases if applicable. Clearly state the focus/importance of the case.

2. Case Presentation

  • Describe the presenting problem in detail, including symptoms, duration,and impact on daily life.
  • Include client demographics like age and gender, information about social relationships, and mental health history.
  • Describe all physical, emotional, and/or sensory symptoms reported by the client.
  • Use patient quotes to describe the initial complaint verbatim. Follow with full-sentence summaries of relevant history details gathered, including key components that led to a working diagnosis.
  • Summarize clinical exam results, namely orthopedic/neurological tests, imaging, lab tests, etc. Note actual results rather than subjective conclusions. Provide images if clearly reproducible/anonymized.
  • Clearly state the working diagnosis or clinical impression before transitioning to management.

3. Management and Outcome

  • Indicate the total duration of care and number of treatments given over what timeframe. Use specific names/descriptions for any therapies/interventions applied.
  • Present the results of the intervention,including any quantitative or qualitative data collected.
  • For outcomes, utilize visual analog scales for pain, medication usage logs, etc., if possible. Include patient self-reports of improvement/worsening of symptoms. Note the reason for discharge/end of care.

4. Discussion

  • Analyze the case, exploring contributing factors, limitations of the study, and connections to existing research.
  • Analyze the effectiveness of the intervention,considering factors like participant adherence, limitations of the study, and potential alternative explanations for the results.
  • Identify any questions raised in the case analysis and relate insights to established theories and current research if applicable. Avoid definitive claims about physiological explanations.
  • Offer clinical implications, and suggest future research directions.

5. Additional Items

  • Thank specific assistants for writing support only. No patient acknowledgments.
  • References should directly support any key claims or quotes included.
  • Use tables/figures/images only if substantially informative. Include permissions and legends/explanatory notes.
  • Provides detailed (rich qualitative) information.
  • Provides insight for further research.
  • Permitting investigation of otherwise impractical (or unethical) situations.

Case studies allow a researcher to investigate a topic in far more detail than might be possible if they were trying to deal with a large number of research participants (nomothetic approach) with the aim of ‘averaging’.

Because of their in-depth, multi-sided approach, case studies often shed light on aspects of human thinking and behavior that would be unethical or impractical to study in other ways.

Research that only looks into the measurable aspects of human behavior is not likely to give us insights into the subjective dimension of experience, which is important to psychoanalytic and humanistic psychologists.

Case studies are often used in exploratory research. They can help us generate new ideas (that might be tested by other methods). They are an important way of illustrating theories and can help show how different aspects of a person’s life are related to each other.

The method is, therefore, important for psychologists who adopt a holistic point of view (i.e., humanistic psychologists ).

Limitations

  • Lacking scientific rigor and providing little basis for generalization of results to the wider population.
  • Researchers’ own subjective feelings may influence the case study (researcher bias).
  • Difficult to replicate.
  • Time-consuming and expensive.
  • The volume of data, together with the time restrictions in place, impacted the depth of analysis that was possible within the available resources.

Because a case study deals with only one person/event/group, we can never be sure if the case study investigated is representative of the wider body of “similar” instances. This means the conclusions drawn from a particular case may not be transferable to other settings.

Because case studies are based on the analysis of qualitative (i.e., descriptive) data , a lot depends on the psychologist’s interpretation of the information she has acquired.

This means that there is a lot of scope for Anna O , and it could be that the subjective opinions of the psychologist intrude in the assessment of what the data means.

For example, Freud has been criticized for producing case studies in which the information was sometimes distorted to fit particular behavioral theories (e.g., Little Hans ).

This is also true of Money’s interpretation of the Bruce/Brenda case study (Diamond, 1997) when he ignored evidence that went against his theory.

Breuer, J., & Freud, S. (1895).  Studies on hysteria . Standard Edition 2: London.

Curtiss, S. (1981). Genie: The case of a modern wild child .

Diamond, M., & Sigmundson, K. (1997). Sex Reassignment at Birth: Long-term Review and Clinical Implications. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine , 151(3), 298-304

Freud, S. (1909a). Analysis of a phobia of a five year old boy. In The Pelican Freud Library (1977), Vol 8, Case Histories 1, pages 169-306

Freud, S. (1909b). Bemerkungen über einen Fall von Zwangsneurose (Der “Rattenmann”). Jb. psychoanal. psychopathol. Forsch ., I, p. 357-421; GW, VII, p. 379-463; Notes upon a case of obsessional neurosis, SE , 10: 151-318.

Harlow J. M. (1848). Passage of an iron rod through the head.  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 39 , 389–393.

Harlow, J. M. (1868).  Recovery from the Passage of an Iron Bar through the Head .  Publications of the Massachusetts Medical Society. 2  (3), 327-347.

Money, J., & Ehrhardt, A. A. (1972).  Man & Woman, Boy & Girl : The Differentiation and Dimorphism of Gender Identity from Conception to Maturity. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Money, J., & Tucker, P. (1975). Sexual signatures: On being a man or a woman.

Further Information

  • Case Study Approach
  • Case Study Method
  • Enhancing the Quality of Case Studies in Health Services Research
  • “We do things together” A case study of “couplehood” in dementia
  • Using mixed methods for evaluating an integrative approach to cancer care: a case study

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    CBSE Class 12 Psychology Case Study Questions. The teaching of Psychology should be based on the use of case studies, narratives, experiential exercises, analysis of common everyday experiences, etc. ... These questions become important because they are based on the important section of a chapter, or maybe a complete chapter that is important ...

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    Q1. Based on the symptoms being exhibited, identify the disorder. Explain the other symptoms that can be seen in this disorder. Q2. Define delusion and inappropriate affect. Support it with the symptoms given in the above case study. Case 2: Read the case and answer the questions that follow. Alfred Binet, in 1905, was requested by the French ...

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    Psychology Class 12 textbook Multiple Choice questions and board question pappers solved, Chapter wise Questions and Answers. Chapter 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes.Important questions and answers asked in board for chapter 1,cbse, ncert textbook questions solved.Questions on Intelligence and Aptitude,Chapter 2: Self and Personality,Chapter 3: Meeting Life Challenges,Chapter 4 ...

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    The case study is not a research method, but researchers select methods of data collection and analysis that will generate material suitable for case studies. Freud (1909a, 1909b) conducted very detailed investigations into the private lives of his patients in an attempt to both understand and help them overcome their illnesses.