how to write a business name in an essay

Are Company Names Italicized? (APA, AP, MLA, and Chicago)

Knowing how to write company names in an essay can be tricky because of the different rules and formats of formal English writing. This page looks at how to quote a company name in formal writing in the four principal styles.

Are Company Names Italicized?

The different style guides follow the same rule regarding company names in a paper, which states that they should not be placed in italics or quotation marks. When referring to companies in-text, you should simply write the company as it is typically written.

Are Company Names Quoted?

This guidance doesn’t vary between the styles, and they all require that company names are written as they appear on the company website with no modifications or punctuation.

Here are some examples of company names mentioned in a sentence:

Are Company Names Italicized in APA Style?

Also, the company name should be written exactly how it is officially written, even if it contains a mixture of capitals and lowercase letters. Furthermore, if the company name includes “Inc” or “Plc” or “Ltd”, these should be omitted from any in-text citation in APA Style.

Are Company Names Italicized in AP Style?

AP Style is used by press and media organizations to publish news stories. When referring to company names in AP Style, the name is not in italics.

Are Company Names Italicized in Chicago Style?

Are company names italicized in mla style.

When citing company names in MLA Style, it is not necessary to use italics for any part of the company. You should also omit any abbreviations such as “Plc”, “Ltd”, or “Inc” unless they are relevant to the subject of which you are writing.

Final Thoughts

GrammarMill

How To Include AP Style Company Names in Your Writing

If you are like me and tend to do a lot of blogging throughout the week, you probably mention a well-known company or two in your content. It is imperative that when you write any piece – particularly if it is for a specific company – that you get these names right. For instance, is “inc” capitalized? Is there a comma before “LLC”? While it often may seem that AP Stylebook guidelines can be difficult to learn, AP style company names are quite simple if you keep a few things in mind.

Rules for Writing Company Names in AP Style

Below you’ll find a list of things to consider when writing company names:

Include the Company’s Full Name

Use the company’s full name somewhere in the article, especially if the article’s subject matter could affect the company’s business. Doing so also helps search engines find your content. The full name is not required if the company name is irrelevant to the story, and you don’t have to use the formal name on first reference.

Consider Costco Wholesale Corp. as an example. It’s appropriate to refer to the company as Costco , but you’ll want to use Costco Wholesale Corp. if you’re writing an earnings report or a story that could influence the company’s stock price.

Drop the Comma

Have you ever wondered if there is a comma before LLC in AP style? Or if there is a comma after “inc” in a sentence? Well, if the company name is followed by Inc. , Ltd. or LLC , do not include a comma before it, even if it is included in the formal name elsewhere.

• Schlumberger Ltd.

Don’t Forget the ‘The’

Be sure to include “The” if it is part of the formal company name.

Company Name Examples:

• The Coca-Cola Co.
• The Gap Inc.

If “The” is not included in the formal company name, keep it lowercase unless it is the first word in the sentence.

• Pittsburgh is home of the United States Steel Corp. headquarters.

If you are unsure what the full name of a company is, you can consult the New York Stock Exchange, Nasdaq, or any filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Use Proper Spelling and Capitalization in Company Names

You should generally use the company’s preferred spelling of its name, but for corporate news or press releases, you can simply use the legal name filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Remember to capitalize the first letter of a company name even if it uses a lowercase one initially. For example, Adidas and Lululemon both tend to use a lowercase letter at the beginning of their names, but when referring to those companies in a piece of content, you would capitalize the first letter per AP style company names guidelines.

An exception to this capitalization rule is any company that begins with a lowercase letter but includes a capital letter elsewhere in the name, such as eBay . However, you should always capitalize company names when they appear at the beginning of a sentence.

• Ebay was originally named AuctionWeb.
• A broken laser pointer was the first item sold on eBay.

Likewise, if a company tends to use all capital letters in its name, you would not use all capitals. Instead, capitalize just the first letter followed by lowercase letters.

• Asus rather than ASUS
• Ikea rather than IKEA
• USA Today rather than USA TODAY

The only time it is appropriate to use all capital letters in a company name is if the letters are individually pronounced, as in BMW . Remember to brush up on your AP acronym rules while you are at it.

Do You Italicize Company Names?

No. Capitalization of company names is correct, but no italicizing or underlining is needed.

Avoid Symbols

Even if a company’s name typically includes symbols such as asterisks, exclamation points or plus signs, do not use these when following AP Stylebook , because they could distract or confuse readers. Take these company names for example:

• E-Trade rather than E*Trade
• Toys R Us rather than Toys “R” Us
• Yahoo rather than Yahoo!

Include Ampersands

When it comes to ampersands (&), you should use one only if it is included in the formal name of the company. Otherwise, use “and.”

• AT&T Inc.
• Eli Lilly and Co.

Examples of AP Style Company Names

Below you’ll find a list of the formal names of some major U.S companies :

Below you’ll find a list of the formal names of some major non-U.S companies :

AP Style Company Names: Conclusion

It may seem like there is a lot to remember with AP style company names, but if you keep these tips in mind, mentioning them in your content should be easy. What simple tips do you have for remembering how to write company names in AP style? Share them in the comments!

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How to Reference Company Names in Papers

How to Quote Lists in MLA Format

When writing a paper for a high school course, a college class or for your job, there are certain rules you must follow. Most students are generally familiar with these rules, however, questions may still arise. For example, before referencing a company name in a paper, you'll want to first ask yourself if you're using the appropriate writing style. Once you have that covered, you will know how to reference a company's name correctly according to that style, as to avoid plagiarism or harming the company's reputation.

Which Writing Style Do I Use?

Generally, if you're talking about issues in the business world, then APA style is the way to go. APA style stands for the "American Psychology Association" and is a style of writing used typically for business or social sciences.

There will be instances where you're using a different writing style because your paper has nothing to do with corporations. Though, it's likely you may still have to mention the name of a company or organization at some point in the paper.

There are several writing styles that have specific rules when referring to the name of a company. AP Style, which stands for "Associated Press" is a writing style used by journalists. MLA stands for "Modern Language Association" and is typically used in the liberal arts and humanities fields, while AMA "American Medical Association" involves medical writing. AP style may refer to a company that's currently making headlines, MLA may refer to a company when talking about a publisher, and AMA may refer to a pharmaceutical company mentioned in a medical journal.

Referencing a Company in APA Style

To reference a company's name in APA style, you can simply input the name of the company within the paper. For instance, if you're citing a quote, example or statistic from IBM, then in your paper, you can say, "according to IBM" or whatever company it is you're mentioning. You can also use a parenthetical citation. For instance, you can write a quote or statistic, then reference the company inside the parenthesis, such as (IBM 2017).

Referencing a Company in Other Formats

There will be instances when you're not writing in APA style, but you'll still need to reference a company's name. The name of the company should always be how it is in the original text, and how you cite the name of that company, such as parenthetically, in the footnotes or a casual mention, depends on the writing style.

For instance, in AP style, it's okay to mention the name of the company within the text, and you don't need to write out the entire name on each mention. So, if you're writing about United Airlines, it's okay to say "United," but you should mention the full name at least once.

In MLA format, however, you must use the full name of the company at all times, unless it's always abbreviated, for example, WWF. And you must also eliminate business abbreviations such as Inc. and Corp., unless you are referring to a university press, then you can write "UP." For example, instead of writing "Princeton University Press" you can simply write "Princeton UP."

Acronyms and Capitalizations

Unless otherwise mentioned, acronyms and capitalizations are generally treated the same across the board, no matter which format of writing you use. When referencing a company, only use an acronym if the company refers to itself in that way, such as NASA. Otherwise, you must write out the entire name.

When capitalizing the name of a company, only do so if the name of the company has capital letters that are individually pronounced, such as"UFC." This is especially true in AP style. So, if the company itself generally capitalizes their entire name, such as IKEA, you should actually write it as "Ikea." However, if the name is GoPro, then copy the unique capitalization exactly as is.

As far as abbreviations go when referencing a company, some styles require them, some say to omit and some say to edit. For instance, MLA requires writers to omit abbreviations like "Ltd." whereas AMA style requires writers to keep it, but take away the period at the end. It's always important to double check this information before referencing a company in your paper.

When to Avoid Mentioning a Company

If all of this sounds too confusing, then you can try to avoid mentioning the company whenever possible. For instance, if there is a company spokesperson or a publication you can use that has the same information, then reference that instead. If your only option is to reference the company, then just be sure to always use the most credible source and to cite the name correctly.

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• Capitalize “the” at the beginning of the name only if it is part of the company's name, as in The Walt Disney Company.
• Lowercase short prepositions that are part of the company name, such as “and.”
• Include the word “company” only if it is part of the name.

Hana LaRock is a freelance content writer from New York, currently living in Mexico. Before becoming a writer, Hana worked as a teacher for several years in the U.S. and around the world. She has her teaching certification in Elementary Education and Special Education, as well as a TESOL certification. Please visit her website, www.hanalarockwriting.com, to learn more.

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using a brand name in MLA style

Should a brand name be italicized when used in a MLA-style paper? For example, tin he following paragraph:

Future Shop, which offered technology supplies, was closed and in an statement the CEO wrote "We regret to inform you..."....

should Future Shop be italicized, as in this example:

Future Shop , which offered technology supplies, was closed and in an statement the CEO wrote "We regret to inform you..."....

I have an MLA handbook but cannot find if I should italicize or not.

• writing-style
• proper-nouns

• 1 I don't know about the italics, but "an statement" should be "a statement". If the brand is a trademark or a registered trademark, it seems to me that one could "bug" it (tm) or (r) and leave it in Roman type. But I don't use MLA, so don't trust what I say. –  Brian Hitchcock Commented Oct 19, 2015 at 8:15

Joseph Gibaldi, MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing , second edition (1998), touches on product and company names only once, as far as I can tell, and in that instance it doesn't italicize such names:

6.8.10 An Advertisement To cite an advertisement, state the name of the product, company, or institution that is the subject of the advertisement, followed by the descriptive label Advertisement , neither underlined nor enclosed in quotation marks. Conclude with the usual publication information. Air Canada. Advertisement. CNN. 1 Apr. 1997. The Fitness Fragrance by Ralph Lauren. Advertisement. GQ Apr. 1997: 111–12.

It seems to me that "Future Shop" in your example corresponds either to the product name "The Fitness Fragrance" or to the company name "Ralph Lauren" in the second MLA example. And since MLA neither italicizes nor puts quotation marks around either of those names, I would surmise that you shouldn't do so with "Future Shop" either.

• From Meta: 'What questions are on-topic and off-topic here?' : {Off-Topic} How do I make this (citation, document, quote, whatever) conform to MLA (or APA, or any other) style guidelines? –  Edwin Ashworth Commented Mar 28, 2016 at 19:46
• @EdwinAshworth: One person commenting on the suggestion that questions about conformity to specific style guidelines should be "off-topic" wrote: "Agreed, unless the relevant style guideline itself is manifestly ambiguous or self-contradictory." But in the present case, it seems to me that MLA provides no clear answer to the question the OP raises—so the OP's question falls into precisely the area that the commenter did not consider off-topic: an ambiguity. Beyond that, the vote on this type of question is 7–1 in favor of "off-topic" (I cast the vote against)—not much of a mandate really. –  Sven Yargs Commented Apr 28, 2016 at 0:28
• Major snags with questions relating to individual style guides are (1) style guides do not define standard usage (often disagreeing amongst themselves) though they (and more especially their adherents) (2) often seem to claim the authority to do so, and (3) many style guides are not freely available. Add in your (4) they can be ambiguous or self-contradictory, and it surely becomes clear that questions should be addressed directly to the editors. POB on various levels. –  Edwin Ashworth Commented May 1, 2016 at 16:41
• @EdwinAshworth: I understand your reasons for opposing styleguide-specific questions—and I much prefer style questions that ask what the general lay of the land is in the semi-fictive world of style advice, where sometimes a strong preference for a particular style choice can be discerned across multiple guides. But I disagree that questions about a specific guide's preferences are impossible to infer in some cases where no explicit recommendation appears, and I think that answers to such questions can be useful to multiple readers. So we disagree about the baseline value of such questions. –  Sven Yargs Commented May 1, 2016 at 17:18

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged writing-style proper-nouns italics mla brands or ask your own question .

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How should I style brand names?

Note: This post relates to content in the eighth edition of the MLA Handbook . For up-to-date guidance, see the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook .

The styling of brand names depends on whether they are trademarked. Always check the dictionary, which lists many brand names.

Trademarked brand names are capitalized but not italicized:

Band-Aid Kleenex Xerox

Note, however, that the dictionary may specify that a trademarked brand name, like Xerox, is lowercased when used as a verb:

I xeroxed the report for my supervisor.

When the dictionary indicates that a brand name (e.g., Dumpster, Windbreaker) has entered the language as a common noun, it is styled lowercase without italics:

We discarded the items in the dumpster. When traveling to Chicago, I always pack a windbreaker.

Daily Writing Tips

How to treat names of groups and organizations.

Proper names create challenges for writers and editors trying to identify an organizational entity in a way that is both accurate and graceful. For example, in general, if you would precede the name of an entity with the article the in speech, do so in writing, and if not, don’t.

This rule applies to organizations:

“Your charitable donation to the March of Dimes helps fund our mission,” not “Your charitable donation to March of Dimes helps fund our mission.” (The organization’s Web site lists the copyright holder as “March of Dimes Foundation,” with no article, but refers to itself throughout the site as “the March of Dimes.”)

“Save the Children has instituted rigorous standards in the communities it supports,” not “The Save the Children has instituted rigorous standards in the communities it supports.” (“One could write “the Save the Children philanthropic organization” to provide context, but “the philanthropic organization Save the Children” is more elegant.)

It is also relevant to corporations:

“GlaxoSmithKline PLC is headquartered in London,” not “The GlaxoSmithKline PLC is headquartered in London.”

“The Dow Chemical Company is headquartered in Midland, Michigan,” not “Dow Chemical Company is headquartered in Midland, Michigan.” (But a short form of the name would not be preceded by the article: “Dow is headquartered in Midland, Michigan.”

Usage in corporation names complicates matters somewhat, however. Some firms that include company in their name precede the name with the, and others don’t. (Careful writers and editors will check company literature for proper usage, or delegate the task to a fact-checker.) The same problem occurs when corporation is part of the name: For example, Microsoft Corporation omits the in its official corporate name, but many other such entities include it, as in the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.

Number agreement of proper nouns and verbs is also a significant issue. For example, in American English, names of music ensembles, whether orchestras or pop groups, are matched with singular or plural verbs depending on the name:

“Led Zeppelin was an English rock band,” not “Led Zeppelin were an English rock band.”

“The Beatles were an English rock band,” “Not the Beatles was an English rock band.” (Note, also, that the, when it precedes a band name, is not capitalized, even if band documentation uses a capitalized the .)

However, British English employs plural verbs regardless of the form of the band name: “Led Zeppelin were an English rock band,” and “The Beatles were an English rock band.”

In the United States, names of athletic teams are always treated as plural, regardless of whether the name is a singular or plural term:

“The Magic are headquartered in Orlando, Florida,” not “The Magic is headquartered in Orlando, Florida.” (Note that the house style of the New York Times is an exception.)

“The Giants are headquartered in San Francisco,” not “The Giants is headquartered in San Francisco.” (But “The San Francisco Giants baseball team is in the National League of Major League Baseball,” and “The team is headquartered in San Francisco.”)

In American English usage, metonymic team references, in which a team is referred to by the place name rather than the mascot name, are in singular form: “Orlando is on its way to the playoffs,” and “San Francisco is in a slump.”

In the United Kingdom and other countries where British English is standard, a distinction is made between the organization and the athletes as a group: In the former case, the singular form is used (“The Manchester United Football Club is the most successful football club in England”), but the plural form prevails in the latter case (“Manchester United are ahead by one point”).

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11 thoughts on “How to Treat Names of Groups and Organizations”

This was very helpful as always. I was told that you should never add an “‘s” to a company or brand name, e.g. Nestle’s staff. Is this true? What are your thoughts?

The Environmental Protection Agency recently released style guidance saying that the word the should always preceed both Environmental Protection Agency and EPA. It is common for people to say EPA and not the EPA, but now we have our guidance.

I’ve never heard of this prohibition, and I don’t think it’s valid. You could certainly construct a sentence to avoid the possessive — “Nestle staff received the memo on Friday” — but there’s no reason to go out of your way to do so.

Sorry about the confusion. I should have made this passage clearer. A corporate name that includes abbreviations such as Inc. and LLC should not be preceded by the. (Such appendages, by the way, may usually be safely amputated.)

Names followed by Corporation and Company may or may not be preceded by the, depending on the firm’s style. Familiar corporate names such as Microsoft and Dow usually don’t need a formal recitation of the full name; in that case, always omit the regardless of style for the full name.

(There are always exceptions: The familiar name of the Hartford Financial Services Group Inc. is “the Hartford.” The company would have you capitalize the, but that’s a lot to ask.)

I initially thought it odd that the EPA cares enough about how others refer to it to issue a guideline — who would say it wrong? — but I can just picture lobbyists tossing around comments like “EPA is up in arms about that” and “My friend at EPA told me.”

Aren’t the following two statements contradictory? I don’t get it.

Perhaps you can help me with this one, which has always stumped me. When referring to a private school, which has a plural title, since it has two campuses, and is thus called, “Coventry Christian Schools” on it’s letterhead, is it correct to refer to them as singular or plural? For example, would it be correct to say, “Coventry Christian Schools is closed today because of snow,” or “Coventry Christian Schools are closed today because of snow”?

I think either singular or plural is fine, but I would alter the plural choice slightly:

“Coventry Christian Schools is closed today because of snow” refers to a single entity. (It’s analogous to a corporation called World Wide Widgets; the product is plural, but the corporation is a single entity.)

“The Coventry Christian Schools are closed today because of snow” (note the insertion of the at the beginning of the sentence) identifies the entity as consisting of more than one part.

But what if it is not snowing? Is either equally incorrect?

Sorry, couldn’t help it.

A local club has named itself “Talasi Historical Preservation Society”. I maintain that “Historical” is not proper usage here as “Historical” is referring to another adjective. Am I wrong?

An adjective can modify another adjective: What kind of preservation? Historical preservation. (Here, preservation is a noun.) What type of society? A historical-preservation society. (Here, preservation is an adjective, and “historical preservation” is a phrasal adjective.)

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How to Write a Company/ Business Name in an Essay

You must adhere to specific guidelines when writing a paper for a high school class, a college degree, or a career job. Although most learners are sufficiently familiar with these guidelines, concerns may still exist.

Some guidelines are either complex or unknown. For instance, how do you write a company name in a document?

Remember, a strong brand name is crucial to building a solid business brand identity. Therefore, there is a need to represent the brand name correctly when writing a paper.

However, it might be challenging for authors, especially when the name defies accepted English conventions.

This article guides you on how to write a company/business name in an essay. Keep scrolling and acquire this crucial knowledge to help you compose excellent papers.

How to Write a Company Name in an Essay

Generally, the APA style should be the formatting style to use when discussing topics in the business sphere. Essays relating to business and social sciences are the ones that employ the APA format the most.

Here, there are two approaches you can use in the APA-styled document to reference a company/business. They include:

• Simply Writing the Name

You can use their name when citing the company’s study findings or spokespersons’ statements. For illustration, use “According to NBC…” Writing the complete name of the business in the essay is not essential; however, you may use the full name on the References page or in additional notes.

• Employing Parentheses

You can add the business name in parentheses after the reference. This is if it is a long name or if you wish to include a citation without the “According to/As to/etc.”

Usually, it is liberal arts and humanities field essays that employ the Modern Language Association (MLA) style.

You must always use the company’s full name in MLA formatting style unless it is consistently abbreviated, as in the case of IBM. You should also get rid of corporate abbreviations like Inc. and Corp.

Also see: Can the title of an essay be a question? 

This is unless you are alluding to a university press, in which case you can use “UP.” For instance, you may put “Princeton UP” instead of “Princeton University Press.”

Newspapers, journals, and mainstream books published commercially follow the Chicago referencing style. However, this formatting style is preferred for writing essays in humanities, business, and the fine arts, especially at the graduate level.

You should write the company name precisely as the business does. However, as long as the structure of the brand name is still easily recognizable, it’s acceptable to make minor formatting adjustments.

Treat the organization as a “corporate author” when referencing in Harvard style. It indicates that you may employ the company’s name rather than a specific author.

This might apply to businesses, institutions, and state agencies. Incorporate them in the references and citations just as you would an individual author.

When citing a company for the first time, use the full name first, then the common acronym in square parentheses. However, when you have to cite corporate numerous times, you can use an acronym or an abbreviation.

You could make multiple references to the same document or cite writings from the same organization from previous years.

Are Company Names Italicized in Essays?

For APA, MLA, Chicago, or AP formatting styles, you should use something other than italics when writing a business name in official writing or a letter.

Business and brand names are not italicized, whether the name is actual or fictitious. You can only employ the italic formatting for the names or titles of magazines, newspapers, publications, albums, etc., but never for company names.

You should capitalize the organization’s name in the same way it appears in the advertisements for the company, for example, “eBay,” “Facebook,’’ or “Pepsi.” Remember, people already know the names of restaurants, businesses, brands, firms, social media networks, etc.

Therefore, there is no need to italicize their names. To recognize the named entity in the context, simply use capital letters.

Are Company Names Capitalized?

Regardless of your writing style, capitalizations are typically treated uniformly unless otherwise specified.

The name of a firm should only be capitalized if it has capital letters that can be pronounced independently, like “IBM.” This is remarkably accurate for the AP style.

Therefore, for a company name like IKEA, you should write it as “Ikea” if the business itself usually capitalizes the entirety of its name. If the company name is GoPro or LinkedIn, on the other hand, duplicate the distinctive capitalization precisely as it is.

Remember, before incorporating a brand name, be sure you follow the rules of the writing style you use. Find the organization’s full face on the internet, then follow the instructions in your APA, MLA, Chicago, or another style handbook.

Should Company Names be in Quotes?

Similar to italicizing company names, for APA, MLA, Chicago, or AP formatting styles, you shouldn’t use quotation marks when writing a business name in any form of official writing.

Therefore, no quotation marks or underlining are used around brand names. Except when the name is included in quotation marks by the brand itself, you should represent them as regular proper nouns.

Chapter titles, magazines and newspaper articles, poetry, and short tales are a few examples of places in a piece where quotation marks are appropriate.

Rarely, but only when quoting a word or phrase previously used by others can quotation marks be employed to emphasize individual words. As a result, neither single nor double quotations should be employed to denote a company’s name.

How Do You Punctuate a Company Name?

Punctuation is increasingly appearing in company names. This is because it is getting harder and harder for new enterprises and brands to come up with distinctive names. Therefore, when referencing brand names in an essay, present their punctuations correctly. Remember, properly punctuating an organization’s name demonstrates respect for the brand.

If an agency or business term contains a legal designation like “Company,” “Limited,” or “Incorporated,” you should abbreviate that part of the name. Place a period after the acronym and avoid using commas before it.

However, when discussing in a non-formal setting something that won’t have an impact on the organization’s operations, avoid using the abbreviated legal name of the entity.

On the first mention, always capitalize the full name of a government entity and never shorten it. Abbreviations and informal names are acceptable for the second reference, though.

This article has comprehensively explored how to write a company/business name in an essay. Remember, it is vital as a writer, whether for an academic or professional paper, to follow the formatting guidelines as best as possible.

Utilize the information above to grow your writing skills and write better papers, especially when they demand mentioning a company or organization.

How to Write a Business Essay for Impactful Communication and Analysis

So, you've got a business essay coming up, and you're feeling a mix of excitement and a tad bit overwhelmed, right? Totally get it. Writing a business essay might sound boring, but trust me, it's a skill that's gonna come in handy when you're out there in the real world.

In this article, we're dishing out some awesome tips just for you if you have question on how to start a business essay. Think of it as your secret weapon to tackle those business essays like a pro. We'll keep it real, easy, and super practical – no fancy jargon or complicated theories. Let's dive into the world of business essay writing, where your words can make a big impact. In case you lack time or motivation to finish your assignment, use our business essay writing service to streamline the process.

What Is a Business Essay

Business essays are written pieces that explore and analyze various aspects of business-related topics, often focusing on management, marketing, finance, or entrepreneurship. They provide a platform for students and professionals to articulate their understanding of business concepts, theories, and real-world applications. Typically written in a formal and structured manner, a business essay requires critical thinking, research skills, and the ability to communicate ideas effectively. Whether delving into case studies, discussing industry trends, or evaluating business strategies, the essay aims to provide insights, draw conclusions, and contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamic world of business.

How to Write an Introduction for a Business Essay

A business essay introduction sets the tone for the entire paper and captures the reader's attention. Here are some steps and tips to help you write an effective introduction for a business essay:

• Understand the Purpose of the Introduction

Clearly understand the purpose of your essay. Are you providing an overview of a business concept, analyzing a case study, or arguing a specific point? Tailor your introduction accordingly.

• Start with a Hook

Grab the reader's attention with a compelling hook. This could be a relevant quote, a surprising fact, a rhetorical question, or a thought-provoking statement. The goal is to make the reader want to continue reading.

• Provide Context

After the hook, provide some background or context related to the topic of your essay. Help the reader understand the significance and relevance of the subject matter in the business world.

• Thesis Statement

Clearly state your thesis or the main argument of your essay. This should be a concise and focused statement that outlines what the reader can expect from the rest of the essay. Make sure it is specific and reflects the purpose of your writing.

• Outline the Scope

Briefly outline the main points or areas that your essay will cover. This gives the reader a roadmap of what to expect and helps them understand the structure of your essay.

• Use Clear and Concise Language

Keep your introduction clear and concise. Avoid unnecessary jargon or complex language that might confuse the reader. Aim for clarity and precision.

• Be Relevant

Ensure that every sentence in your introduction is directly related to the topic of your essay. Avoid going off on tangents or providing excessive information that doesn't contribute to the main points.

• Consider the Tone

Choose a tone that is appropriate for your audience and the nature of your essay. Business essays can vary in tone, from formal and academic to more conversational, depending on the context.

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Business Essay Introduction Example

Here’s an example of an introduction for an essay titled “The Rise of E-commerce: Shaping the Future of Retail”:

The retail landscape is undergoing a seismic shift as e-commerce continues to redefine the way consumers shop. In this essay, we explore the profound implications of this digital transformation on traditional retail models and analyze the key strategies businesses are employing to thrive in this dynamic environment. From changing consumer behaviors to the strategic use of technology, the impact of e-commerce on the retail sector is undeniable, prompting businesses to adapt or face the risk of obsolescence.

How to Write a Business Essay

Working on a business essay might seem daunting, but it doesn't have to be. In this guide, we'll break down the process into simple steps to help you navigate through it smoothly. In this next section. We’ll be breaking down the essentials of drawing up a business essay from start to finish. From defining your main argument to structuring your points effectively, let's explore the key strategies that will set you on the path to success. 

Analyze the Prompt

Start by carefully reading and understanding the essay prompt. This involves breaking down the question to grasp what it's asking for, identifying the main topics, and recognizing any specific tasks or points to cover. This step helps you set the stage for a focused and relevant essay by ensuring you address all aspects mentioned in the prompt. You can hire a business essay writer to expedite the process if you want.

Think of a Thesis Statement

When writing a business essay, think of the thesis statement as the essay's compass. It should be a concise, strong sentence that lays out your main argument or viewpoint on the topic. Your thesis guides the entire essay, so make sure it's specific, debatable, and gives readers a clear idea of what to expect in your writing.

Create an Outline

We’ve already shared tips on how to write an introduction for a business essay, so let’s move on to the next stages. Organize your thoughts by outlining the main points and structure of your essay. This doesn't have to be too detailed; just a roadmap that helps you see how different ideas connect. An outline ensures a logical flow in your writing and prevents you from going off track. By the way, have you already picked business essay topics ? If not, here’s a list of great ideas you can use!

Provide Topic Background

Before diving into your main points, the business essay writing format implies giving your reader some context about the topic. Briefly introduce the key concepts, relevant facts, or historical background that will help readers understand the importance and relevance of your essay.

Write the Main Body

Start developing your essay by expanding on the main points outlined in your thesis. Each paragraph should focus on a specific idea or argument supported by evidence or examples. Be clear and concise, ensuring a smooth transition between paragraphs. It’s the most difficult part of the assignment, meaning you can use our college essay service to simplify it.

Write a Conclusion

Summarize your key points and conclusively restate your thesis. The conclusion should tie up the loose ends and leave a lasting impression on the reader. Avoid introducing new information but rather reinforce your main argument. For more details about how to write a conclusion for an essay , please refer to our guide.

Add a Bibliography

List all the sources you used in your research. Be meticulous about citing your references properly, following the chosen format (APA, MLA, etc.). This adds credibility to your essay and avoids plagiarism issues.

Edit and Proofread

As you’ve learned how to write a business essay, it’s time to master the art of self-revising. Review your essay for clarity, coherence, and grammatical errors. Editing ensures that your ideas flow smoothly, and proofreading catches any overlooked mistakes. It's a crucial step to polish your essay and present a professional piece of writing. Do you have another assignment on business management ? This guide will help you!

Choose the Writing Format

Reiterate the importance of selecting and adhering to the chosen writing format throughout the essay. Consistency in formatting, citations, and other style elements contributes to the overall professionalism of your work.

Business Essay Example

Business essay examples offer practical assistance to students tackling assignments by showcasing the application of essential writing principles in a real-world context. As a tangible reference, it demonstrates an effective essay structure and how to formulate a clear thesis statement and provide coherent arguments. By examining examples, students can glean insights into research techniques, proper citation practices, and overall essay organization, empowering them to approach their business assignments with increased confidence and proficiency.

Example 1: “The Impact of Technological Advancements on Modern Business Operations”

This essay explores the multifaceted impact of technology on operational efficiency, innovation, customer relations, and global connectivity. From integrating automation and artificial intelligence for streamlined processes to facilitating global expansion through digital platforms, technology emerges as a driving force shaping the success and sustainability of contemporary enterprises. While acknowledging the numerous benefits, the essay also highlights the challenges and ethical considerations inherent in adopting these technologies, emphasizing the need for businesses to navigate these complexities responsibly for long-term growth and competitiveness.

Example 2: “Sustainable Business Practices: A Strategic Imperative for Corporate Success”

This essay explores the pivotal role of sustainable business practices as a strategic imperative for corporate success in the contemporary entrepreneurship scene. Addressing environmental concerns, social consciousness, and economic viability, the essay delves into the multifaceted benefits of adopting sustainable approaches. It discusses how businesses can align profitability with responsible practices, emphasizing environmental stewardship, social impact, and community engagement. The essay underscores the importance of regulatory compliance and risk mitigation in business by examining the economic advantages and innovation opportunities arising from sustainable initiatives.

Final Considerations

Students engage in writing business essays to develop essential skills and knowledge crucial for success in the professional world. These essays serve as a platform for honing critical thinking, analytical, and communication skills, allowing students to articulate and analyze complex business concepts. Through the process of researching, organizing thoughts, and constructing coherent arguments, students gain a deeper understanding of business principles and practices. Business essays also cultivate the ability to synthesize information, evaluate various perspectives, and present well-reasoned conclusions. If you find with task troublesome, you can always tell us, ‘ write my research paper ,’ and one of our wordsmiths will fulfill the assignment quickly.

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• Example of a great essay | Explanations, tips & tricks

Example of a Great Essay | Explanations, Tips & Tricks

Published on February 9, 2015 by Shane Bryson . Revised on July 23, 2023 by Shona McCombes.

This example guides you through the structure of an essay. It shows how to build an effective introduction , focused paragraphs , clear transitions between ideas, and a strong conclusion .

Each paragraph addresses a single central point, introduced by a topic sentence , and each point is directly related to the thesis statement .

As you read, hover over the highlighted parts to learn what they do and why they work.

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Table of contents

Other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about writing an essay, an appeal to the senses: the development of the braille system in nineteenth-century france.

The invention of Braille was a major turning point in the history of disability. The writing system of raised dots used by visually impaired people was developed by Louis Braille in nineteenth-century France. In a society that did not value disabled people in general, blindness was particularly stigmatized, and lack of access to reading and writing was a significant barrier to social participation. The idea of tactile reading was not entirely new, but existing methods based on sighted systems were difficult to learn and use. As the first writing system designed for blind people’s needs, Braille was a groundbreaking new accessibility tool. It not only provided practical benefits, but also helped change the cultural status of blindness. This essay begins by discussing the situation of blind people in nineteenth-century Europe. It then describes the invention of Braille and the gradual process of its acceptance within blind education. Subsequently, it explores the wide-ranging effects of this invention on blind people’s social and cultural lives.

Lack of access to reading and writing put blind people at a serious disadvantage in nineteenth-century society. Text was one of the primary methods through which people engaged with culture, communicated with others, and accessed information; without a well-developed reading system that did not rely on sight, blind people were excluded from social participation (Weygand, 2009). While disabled people in general suffered from discrimination, blindness was widely viewed as the worst disability, and it was commonly believed that blind people were incapable of pursuing a profession or improving themselves through culture (Weygand, 2009). This demonstrates the importance of reading and writing to social status at the time: without access to text, it was considered impossible to fully participate in society. Blind people were excluded from the sighted world, but also entirely dependent on sighted people for information and education.

In France, debates about how to deal with disability led to the adoption of different strategies over time. While people with temporary difficulties were able to access public welfare, the most common response to people with long-term disabilities, such as hearing or vision loss, was to group them together in institutions (Tombs, 1996). At first, a joint institute for the blind and deaf was created, and although the partnership was motivated more by financial considerations than by the well-being of the residents, the institute aimed to help people develop skills valuable to society (Weygand, 2009). Eventually blind institutions were separated from deaf institutions, and the focus shifted towards education of the blind, as was the case for the Royal Institute for Blind Youth, which Louis Braille attended (Jimenez et al, 2009). The growing acknowledgement of the uniqueness of different disabilities led to more targeted education strategies, fostering an environment in which the benefits of a specifically blind education could be more widely recognized.

Several different systems of tactile reading can be seen as forerunners to the method Louis Braille developed, but these systems were all developed based on the sighted system. The Royal Institute for Blind Youth in Paris taught the students to read embossed roman letters, a method created by the school’s founder, Valentin Hauy (Jimenez et al., 2009). Reading this way proved to be a rather arduous task, as the letters were difficult to distinguish by touch. The embossed letter method was based on the reading system of sighted people, with minimal adaptation for those with vision loss. As a result, this method did not gain significant success among blind students.

Louis Braille was bound to be influenced by his school’s founder, but the most influential pre-Braille tactile reading system was Charles Barbier’s night writing. A soldier in Napoleon’s army, Barbier developed a system in 1819 that used 12 dots with a five line musical staff (Kersten, 1997). His intention was to develop a system that would allow the military to communicate at night without the need for light (Herron, 2009). The code developed by Barbier was phonetic (Jimenez et al., 2009); in other words, the code was designed for sighted people and was based on the sounds of words, not on an actual alphabet. Barbier discovered that variants of raised dots within a square were the easiest method of reading by touch (Jimenez et al., 2009). This system proved effective for the transmission of short messages between military personnel, but the symbols were too large for the fingertip, greatly reducing the speed at which a message could be read (Herron, 2009). For this reason, it was unsuitable for daily use and was not widely adopted in the blind community.

Nevertheless, Barbier’s military dot system was more efficient than Hauy’s embossed letters, and it provided the framework within which Louis Braille developed his method. Barbier’s system, with its dashes and dots, could form over 4000 combinations (Jimenez et al., 2009). Compared to the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet, this was an absurdly high number. Braille kept the raised dot form, but developed a more manageable system that would reflect the sighted alphabet. He replaced Barbier’s dashes and dots with just six dots in a rectangular configuration (Jimenez et al., 2009). The result was that the blind population in France had a tactile reading system using dots (like Barbier’s) that was based on the structure of the sighted alphabet (like Hauy’s); crucially, this system was the first developed specifically for the purposes of the blind.

While the Braille system gained immediate popularity with the blind students at the Institute in Paris, it had to gain acceptance among the sighted before its adoption throughout France. This support was necessary because sighted teachers and leaders had ultimate control over the propagation of Braille resources. Many of the teachers at the Royal Institute for Blind Youth resisted learning Braille’s system because they found the tactile method of reading difficult to learn (Bullock & Galst, 2009). This resistance was symptomatic of the prevalent attitude that the blind population had to adapt to the sighted world rather than develop their own tools and methods. Over time, however, with the increasing impetus to make social contribution possible for all, teachers began to appreciate the usefulness of Braille’s system (Bullock & Galst, 2009), realizing that access to reading could help improve the productivity and integration of people with vision loss. It took approximately 30 years, but the French government eventually approved the Braille system, and it was established throughout the country (Bullock & Galst, 2009).

Although Blind people remained marginalized throughout the nineteenth century, the Braille system granted them growing opportunities for social participation. Most obviously, Braille allowed people with vision loss to read the same alphabet used by sighted people (Bullock & Galst, 2009), allowing them to participate in certain cultural experiences previously unavailable to them. Written works, such as books and poetry, had previously been inaccessible to the blind population without the aid of a reader, limiting their autonomy. As books began to be distributed in Braille, this barrier was reduced, enabling people with vision loss to access information autonomously. The closing of the gap between the abilities of blind and the sighted contributed to a gradual shift in blind people’s status, lessening the cultural perception of the blind as essentially different and facilitating greater social integration.

The Braille system also had important cultural effects beyond the sphere of written culture. Its invention later led to the development of a music notation system for the blind, although Louis Braille did not develop this system himself (Jimenez, et al., 2009). This development helped remove a cultural obstacle that had been introduced by the popularization of written musical notation in the early 1500s. While music had previously been an arena in which the blind could participate on equal footing, the transition from memory-based performance to notation-based performance meant that blind musicians were no longer able to compete with sighted musicians (Kersten, 1997). As a result, a tactile musical notation system became necessary for professional equality between blind and sighted musicians (Kersten, 1997).

Braille paved the way for dramatic cultural changes in the way blind people were treated and the opportunities available to them. Louis Braille’s innovation was to reimagine existing reading systems from a blind perspective, and the success of this invention required sighted teachers to adapt to their students’ reality instead of the other way around. In this sense, Braille helped drive broader social changes in the status of blindness. New accessibility tools provide practical advantages to those who need them, but they can also change the perspectives and attitudes of those who do not.

Bullock, J. D., & Galst, J. M. (2009). The Story of Louis Braille. Archives of Ophthalmology , 127(11), 1532. https://​doi.org/10.1001/​archophthalmol.2009.286.

Herron, M. (2009, May 6). Blind visionary. Retrieved from https://​eandt.theiet.org/​content/​articles/2009/05/​blind-visionary/.

Jiménez, J., Olea, J., Torres, J., Alonso, I., Harder, D., & Fischer, K. (2009). Biography of Louis Braille and Invention of the Braille Alphabet. Survey of Ophthalmology , 54(1), 142–149. https://​doi.org/10.1016/​j.survophthal.2008.10.006.

Kersten, F.G. (1997). The history and development of Braille music methodology. The Bulletin of Historical Research in Music Education , 18(2). Retrieved from https://​www.jstor.org/​stable/40214926.

Mellor, C.M. (2006). Louis Braille: A touch of genius . Boston: National Braille Press.

Tombs, R. (1996). France: 1814-1914 . London: Pearson Education Ltd.

Weygand, Z. (2009). The blind in French society from the Middle Ages to the century of Louis Braille . Stanford: Stanford University Press.

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

• Ad hominem fallacy
• Post hoc fallacy
• Appeal to authority fallacy
• False cause fallacy
• Sunk cost fallacy

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An essay is a focused piece of writing that explains, argues, describes, or narrates.

In high school, you may have to write many different types of essays to develop your writing skills.

Academic essays at college level are usually argumentative : you develop a clear thesis about your topic and make a case for your position using evidence, analysis and interpretation.

The structure of an essay is divided into an introduction that presents your topic and thesis statement , a body containing your in-depth analysis and arguments, and a conclusion wrapping up your ideas.

The structure of the body is flexible, but you should always spend some time thinking about how you can organize your essay to best serve your ideas.

Your essay introduction should include three main things, in this order:

• An opening hook to catch the reader’s attention.
• Relevant background information that the reader needs to know.
• A thesis statement that presents your main point or argument.

The length of each part depends on the length and complexity of your essay .

A thesis statement is a sentence that sums up the central point of your paper or essay . Everything else you write should relate to this key idea.

A topic sentence is a sentence that expresses the main point of a paragraph . Everything else in the paragraph should relate to the topic sentence.

At college level, you must properly cite your sources in all essays , research papers , and other academic texts (except exams and in-class exercises).

Add a citation whenever you quote , paraphrase , or summarize information or ideas from a source. You should also give full source details in a bibliography or reference list at the end of your text.

The exact format of your citations depends on which citation style you are instructed to use. The most common styles are APA , MLA , and Chicago .

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Bryson, S. (2023, July 23). Example of a Great Essay | Explanations, Tips & Tricks. Scribbr. Retrieved July 2, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/academic-essay/example-essay-structure/

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How to Write a Business Paper in APA Format

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The APA format is one of the standard business paper formatting styles. When writing your business paper, it’s vital to follow this style, as failure to do this can lead to serious plagiarism accusations. Check each step of your business paper writing to ensure it follows the required standards.

The APA formatting style allows you to communicate the business paper’s main topic efficiently. This style simplifies the writing process and provides a recognizable structure that is easy to follow. Below are the rules for writing a business paper in APA format.

For the APA style format, type your piece of writing onto a standard page of about 8.5″ x 11″ with a margin of 1″ on both sides. The space for the lining should be 2.0 with no additional spacing between the paragraphs in your business paper writing. For all the paragraphs, the first line should be indented to about 0.5″, which creates a hanging indent.

Writing a business paper essay in APA format takes time as you have to plan and follow each step. College life can be full of assignments that should be completed within the set deadlines. To make your work easier at the university, you can use the EduBirdie APA format generator to help you create the bibliography page online. It’s easy, and you don’t need an account to use this tool for your online studying. With a great essay, you will quickly improve your education grades at school. You will also save a lot of time learning different concepts for other units taught at the college.

The page header

Each page of your business paper writing needs to include a page header often referred to as “running head.” Ensure that you follow the APA guide for specifics. You can have your title flush left in capital letters or the page number flush right in the page header. If you must include the page title, ensure that you shorten it to about 50 characters because you have limited space in the page header.

The font used in the APA format should ensure that your piece of writing is legible to all readers and consistent throughout the business paper. Even though there are no specific guidelines you should follow, the instructor will always give the font size required.

The standard fonts that most instructors usually use include:

• 12-point Times New Roman
• 11-point Arial
• 11-point Georgia
• 11-point Calibri

The APA title page of your business paper contains the title of the business paper. It should include the course name, registration number, instructor’s name, page number, and due date.

The title of the business paper contains the first words that reach out to the reader. That is why it should be concise, limited to a few characters, and focused. The recommended length of the title should be about 12 words.

Avoid filler words or abbreviations, as they may be useless to the reader. Immediately after your title, the author’s name should follow in the right order. It should start with the first name, initial/middle name, and last name. After that, type your institution affiliations, followed by course number and instructor’s name. The last thing on the title page should be the date when the assignment is due.

The abstract

Just like the title page, your abstract will also have a dedicated page. The first line of this page should be the word “Abstract.” It should be centered and bold with no italics, quotation marks, or underlining.

The following line of the abstract page should begin with a concise summary of your work. Ensure that you flush it to the left with no indentation. The main purpose of the abstract is to introduce the reader to your research and entice them to read the whole paper. It should contain the research topics, methods, main questions, sentences on results, and conclusions.

Depending on the instructor’s guidelines, you might also be required to include a list of keywords that helps the reader to find your work within different online databases.

The main body

Because a business paper details complicated business issues and demonstrates how to solve the issue, you might be required to have the introduction, methods used, results obtained, and discussion section. The headings and paragraph styles are more significant in the body.

There are different types of headings that are covered in the APA formatting style. There is level one up to level five. In level one, the text for this section begins as a new paragraph. The heading must be centered and bold. For level two, the heading must be flushed left and bold with the text beginning as a new paragraph.

Level three is slightly different as the heading is flushed to the left, bold and italicized though the text is not italicized in the new paragraph. For level four, the heading must be indented, italicized, bold, and end with a period. The text should begin on the same line and continue as a standard paragraph.

The last type of heading style you can use is the level, whereby the heading should also be indented, italicized, bold, and end with a period. For this style, the test should continue on the same line as a standard paragraph with no italicization.

In-text citations

When citing a text within a paragraph in your business paper, you should enclose the author’s last name and the publication year in parentheses. This should be at the end of the sentence before a period. If you are referencing a chapter or page of a large article, ensure that you include page numbers at the end of the citation.

The category under which the citation falls determines the rules you will use in your business paper. For the short quotations, you must include the author, publication dates, and the page number for the text reference. On the other hand, when quoting a long section, you must write it as an entire paragraph indented within 0.5 inches from the left margin.

Suppose the source that you are quoting doesn’t have a page number. In that case, you can choose another logical identifier, like the table number, chapter number, or even the available verses.

Referencing your business paper

References are usually incorporated in the last section of your business paper. A whole page should be dedicated to referencing; each citation in the body must be included in this section. The list of the sources used for the referencing should be organized in alphabetical order.

The referencing styles for the APA format used in the body should also be followed precisely in this section. If you have used any online source, ensure that you include a DOI link at the end of the citation. The first line of the reference must be flushed to the left, and you require more than one line for each reference.

Writing a business paper in APA style takes time as you have to follow all the guidelines outlined. You can use a citation generator to help create the bibliography page to save time. Ensure that all references are written correctly. Following the set guidelines will obtain a great score in your business paper writing.

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How to write brand names

Author : Cathy Dann

Posted : 20 / 05 / 12

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In many cases, the company itself will take a pragmatic approach. For example, Twitter spells its name with a lower-case t in its logo, but upper case in text. We do the same at Emphasis. But what do you do if the company consistently describes itself in non-standard English?

Take insurance companies MORE TH>N and LV=, retail consultancy him! or the supermarket ASDA, for example. If you’re writing about ASDA and you need to refer to ASDA several times in a paragraph, the block capitals in the word ASDA can soon appear to shout at the reader and drown out the rest of the text on the page (like they do here). So should you prioritise the brand’s preferences or the readability of your documents?

You need a house style

If you don’t already have a house style and you’re starting from scratch, there are two broad approaches you can take.

1. Write the brand name exactly as the company does. You may wish to do this if the company is a client or partner, or if they have expressed a strong preference for the format of their name and you don’t want to upset them. Also, as rules go, it’s certainly the simplest to follow.

2. Bring the brand name in line with standard English. If your priority is literacy and ease of reading, or if you found yourself wincing at the third paragraph of this article, you may wish to take this approach. It’s OK to make small changes to the format of the brand name, so long as it is still clearly recognisable.

If you decide to go with the second option, the rest of this article will take you through the areas you’ll need to consider. This may also be helpful if you already have a house style but it doesn’t tell you how to deal with the brand names mentioned above.

In each case, we’ve made a recommendation, but it is only that – you may decide differently.

Punctuation marks

Some brand names, such as Yahoo! Which? and him! include a punctuation mark, which can be problematic – and not only because Word automatically capitalises the following word, thinking that you must be starting a new sentence.

For a start, exclamation marks are generally frowned upon in formal writing, even when used correctly. So ending a sentence with ‘according to Yahoo!.’ looks doubly strange when combined with the extra punctuation. And an exclamation mark in the middle of a sentence, such as ‘Yahoo! has filed applications for two patents’, can feel disruptive.

Many publications (the Guardian , the Sunday Times , the BBC) choose to omit the exclamation mark and simply write Yahoo . Others (the Times , the Telegraph ) choose to retain it.

Verdict: Yahoo – it’s still instantly recognisable.

Even more difficult is him! , with its lower-cased h , which can leave writers wrangling with sentences such as: ‘The price-marked pack has been a source of confusion within the industry, according to him!.’ (Who is  ‘him’?, asks the reader.) For clarity, it’s necessary to add ‘retail consultancy’ before ‘him!’, but even then you’re still left with the awkward punctuation.

him! told us that their brand name should always be written with the exclamation mark, and ‘always be lower case even at the start of a sentence’ (like this sentence, for example, which we wrote in agony). However, they admitted that many publications refused to follow these guidelines.

Verdict: Him – him! is too confusing.

The consumer magazine Which? throws up similar questions. In fact, it sometimes throws up extra questions where you don’t want them. ‘This research was compiled by Which? ’, or ‘Which one performed best in the Which? test lab?’, for example.

Which? told us:  ‘Our policy is to always include the question mark. We haven’t produced any guidance for the press, instead relying on our own presentational material to set the example.  We would encourage anyone who’s tempted to end a sentence with the word Which? to rewrite their sentence.’

Strange though the question mark may be, lopping it off also causes problems.  ‘This research was compiled by   Which ’ and ‘Which one performed best in the   Which test lab?’ could be confusing, especially if your style is to write the names of publications without using italics.

Verdict: Which? – the question mark is vital to understanding the brand name.

Non-alphabet characters

There are certain non-alphabetical characters that don’t trouble the reader at all. For example, Marks & Spencer looks more natural than Marks and Spencer , as we are so used to seeing it in the high street and on TV. Even for a non-British readership, the ampersand is so widely used that it’s unlikely to jar.

The same can’t be said, however, for MORE TH>N or LV=, which are unsettling to the eye, not to mention a pain to type. A  MORE TH>N spokeswoman told us:  ‘MORE TH>N  should always be presented in this way and not re-formatted to More Than’,  but we think that’s asking quite a lot.

The Guardian ’s style guide takes a zero-tolerance approach to  MORE TH>N, reading simply  ‘More Than – not MORE TH>N, which is how the insurance arm of Royal & Sun Alliance styles itself’.

When it comes to LV=, however, most publications retain the  ‘equals’  sign, because the company name is pronounced   ‘  LV equals’  (whereas the > in  MORE TH>N is, thankfully, silent).

Verdict: Marks & Spencer, More Than, LV=.

Stop SHOUTING

There is a generally accepted rule for writing acronyms (a set of initials pronounced as a word) and initialisms (a set of initials pronounced as letters). Acronyms are written with the first letter capitalised, for example Unicef and Nasa, while initialisms are capitalised all the way through, for example IBM and BBC.

However, some companies would have us write their names all in capital letters, even if they don’t actually stand for anything. For example, ASDA (a portmanteau of As quith and Da iries), ASUS, GIGABYTE and UNISON, all of which are pronounced as words, not letters. Of course, they like this format because it makes them stand out. But unless you’re writing something with the aim of actively promoting that brand, there’s no reason why the brand name should stand out more than the other words in the document, which are equally important.

Verdict: Asda, Asus, Gigabyte and Unison. As a general rule, if you can pronounce it as a word, only capitalise the first letter. If you pronounce every letter, capitalise them all.

And then there’s Apple, with their fondness for putting a lower-case i in front of everything. However, iPad , iPod and iMac are now so widely recognised that to replace them with Ipad , Ipod and Imac would be pointlessly awkward.

Verdict: iPad, iPod, iMac – but try to avoid putting them at the start of a sentence.

When nouns become verbs

In 2006, Google tried to stop media organisations using their name as a verb . A spokesman said at the time: ‘We think it’s important to make the distinction between using the word Google to describe using Google to search the internet, and using the word Google to describe searching the internet. It has some serious trademark issues.’

However, like Hoover before them, Google have largely failed in their mission to prevent their name from being genericised. The use of ‘to google’ as a verb with a lower-cased g has caught on and even entered both the Oxford and Collins dictionaries.

Verdict: Google for the noun, google as a verb. But if you use a search engine other than Google, consider using ‘search the internet’ or ‘ do an internet search ’ .

Twitter are currently engaged in a smaller battle, over the word ‘tweet’, for which they acquired the trademark in October 2011 . Though they have never objected to a lower-case t being used for the verb ‘to tweet’, they do object to the noun being lower cased. Their guidelines state: ‘Please remember to capitalize the T in Twitter and Tweet!’ However, no one except Twitter itself actually does, and this certainly feels like a fight that has already been lost.

Verdict: Twitter, but tweet for both the verb and the noun.

Lastly, make sure you only use a trademarked brand name when you’re referring to something made by that brand. Do you mean Tetra Pak, or just generic cartons? Is it really a Portakabin, or is it a ‘portable cabin-style building’ (see this apology )? And if you do decide to tweak the style to make it more readable, make sure you retain the initial capital letter to signal that you’re referring to a brand rather than a generic noun (except, of course, in the case of a certain brand of products beginning with i ).

The Guardian ’s style guide sums it up nicely. ‘Take care: use a generic alternative unless there is a very good reason not to, eg ballpoint pen, not biro (unless it really is a Biro, in which case it takes a cap B); say photocopy rather than Xerox, etc; you will save our lawyers, and those of Portakabin and various other companies, a lot of time and trouble.’

Why not test your trademark awareness by taking our trademarks quiz ? There are 12 questions, and in each case you need to decide whether the word is currently trademarked, was once trademarked or has never been trademarked.

In conclusion

If it’s an easy life you’re after, and you can stomach block capitals and strange punctuation marks, the simplest rule is to go with what the brand itself does. But you’ll still need to decide whether to follow their logo or how they present their name in official documents, such as company reports, because these aren’t always the same (see Twitter, for example).

Or, if you’re feeling bold, why not make a stand for legibility and carve out a house style of your own?

Do you want to inform, inspire and persuade with your business documents? Our 64-page guide to professional writing, The Write Stuff , will help. Get your free copy here .

The definitive guide to transforming the writing of individuals and teams

Author: cathy dann.

Cathy is a certified word and editing expert, having worked as a sub-editor, editor and copywriter at, to name a few, the Guardian , The Sunday Times , The Telegraph , Which? and The Grocer .

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What's the proper style to write a company's name followed by Inc?

Facebook, Inc. Google Inc. Twitter, Inc. Apple Inc.

This is what I read on Wikipedia about Facebook , Google , Twitter and Apple . Note that the first and third has comma before Inc. . The second and fourth has no comma again.

The question -

Which one is the correct style to write a company's name followed by Inc.? Is comma necessary to put after company's name and before Inc.?

I think there should be a strict rule as it deals with company's registration where punctuation marks do play an essential role.

Can a check put in the name of Twitter, Inc. get declined if it's registered as Twitter Inc.?

Your view please.

• abbreviations

3 Answers 3

A name is simply whatever it is. Some names have "the", some don't. Some names have commas, some don't. Some names have odd capitalization, some don't. Oddly, Facebook sometimes uses a comma and sometimes doesn't , so they may not have actually decided what their name is.

• 1 When it comes to the legal documents, I think a persistent style is preferred. A check put in the name of Facebook, Inc. may get declined if they find the company name Facebook Inc. as registered. –  Maulik V Commented Jan 16, 2014 at 10:20
• 4 The legal name is definitely "FACEBOOK, INC." –  David Schwartz Commented Jan 16, 2014 at 10:26
• 1 Checking with SEC is a great idea. For example, according to this document , we can be sure that Twitter's legal name is "Twitter, Inc." ;-) –  Damkerng T. Commented Jan 16, 2014 at 10:49
• 2 @DavidSchwartz: Capitalization and punctuation has no meaning in legal names (you can see that in this SEC filing , the legal name of Facebook is also exactly "Facebook, Inc", even though in your document you link to it is "FACEBOOK, INC"), whereas at NASDAQ it is usually called "FACEBOOK INC" –  Matt Commented Jan 16, 2014 at 11:52
• 2 The "proper" American style is to put the comma. That has been deteriorating, possibly in part because the British style is to not put a comma before "Ltd.", the British equivalent to Inc., possibly because postal conventions are to remove punctuation from addresses, and possibly because it simply isn't needed. –  BobRodes Commented Feb 27, 2014 at 20:41

From an English standpoint, it is a matter of preference.

From a style standpoint, it is also a matter a preference.

From a legal standpoint, whatever is filed with the Secretary of State is the official name of the company. It is whatever is stated in the Articles of Incorporation or Articles of Organization.

If they registered with a comma, then legally, the company name must always have a comma in it. Likewise, if they registered without a comma, the company name should always be written without a comma. This is especially true of contracts and legal documents where punctuation matters.

When you form your company as a corporation or an LLC, you get to choose whether you use a comma or not. But that decision is permanent.

In the U.S., most companies put a comma before Inc., Corp., Ltd., or LLC, but some companies are opting for the British style with no commas.

When writing about a company, ideally, you should use their actual legal name, whether that be with a comma or without.

Personally, it is a huge red flag if someone writing about a company can't even get the name of the company right. What else do they have wrong in their article? And on an application, getting the name wrong is an indicator of possible fraud, because the owners of the company would know whether there is suppose to be a comma or not.

In the end, it does not matter whether you use a comma in the company name. It is a matter of preference. But once the company is registered, it must use the name it registered.

This is something that varies by style. For example, much to my surprise, this major style guide says no comma:

According to AP Style you do not use a comma before “Inc.” or “Ltd.,” even if it is included in the formal name. — Writing Explained

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How to Write a Business Essay?

Studies show that recent graduates with effective writing skills earn an average of 15% more than their peers within five years.

If you're looking to climb the corporate ladder, a strong foundation in business essay writing is an essential first step. This guide will demystify the process, from understanding the prompt to creating a compelling argument showcasing your analytical and communication abilities.

What Is a Business Essay?

A business essay is a formal piece of writing that dives deep into a specific topic within the vast world of commerce. These essays analyze and explore management, marketing, finance, or entrepreneurship concepts.

B-school essays provide a platform to critically examine business theories, present research findings, and propose solutions or strategies while adhering to clear and concise communication for maximum impact.

Need Help with B-school Essays?

Try our business writers once – and you’ll never want to come back.

The business essay is a powerful tool that allows you to delve into specific business topics, analyze them critically, and present your findings persuasively. Here are nine easy-to-follow steps to produce a winning business essay that showcases your understanding and analytical prowess. If you’re in a hurry, simply drop us a line saying, ‘ help me with my essay ,’ and our experts will handle your request.

Decipher the Prompt

Before diving in, thoroughly understand the essay question. Identify the key terms, analyze the expected response (analysis, argument, etc.), and ensure your essay stays focused on the prompt.

Don't just skim the essay question. Dive deeper! Underline key terms to understand the response type expected (analysis, argument, etc.). Consider your audience - professor, employer, or wider business audience - and tailor your writing accordingly.

If the prompt is complex, deconstruct it into smaller, answerable questions to clarify the points you need to address.

Craft a Thesis Statement

This is your roadmap! A clear thesis statement summarizes your main argument or central idea. It should be concise and directly address the prompt.

Avoid vague statements! Instead of saying, "Social media marketing is important," aim for something like "Strategic use of social media platforms can significantly increase brand awareness among millennials in the tech industry."

Make a claim, not just present facts. Argue a point and provide evidence to back it up. Your thesis should hint at the main arguments you'll discuss later.

Outline for Success

Create an outline to structure your essay. This helps organize your thoughts, ensures logical flow, and prevents going off on tangents.

Before writing an essay outline , brainstorm all your ideas about the topic. This helps visualize the bigger picture and identify potential arguments. A strong outline should have a clear introduction, body paragraphs with topic sentences, and a conclusion.

Use headings as guides to break down complex topics into smaller sections for better organization.

Research and Evidence

Business essay writing benefits from credible sources. Gather data, statistics, or examples from academic journals, business publications, or reputable websites to support your arguments.

Don't rely solely on textbooks. Utilize academic journals, business publications, industry reports, and reputable news websites to find data, statistics, and case studies.  

Always check the author's credentials, publication date, and website reputation before citing sources to avoid plagiarism . Don't just dump facts into your essay. Explain how the evidence supports your arguments and connects back to your thesis.

Drafting Time

Now, flesh out your outline! Write a clear and concise first draft, focusing on getting your ideas down first. You can always refine the language later.

Don't feel pressured to begin with the introduction. If a specific body paragraph comes to mind first, write that down!  Aim for clear, professional language that effectively communicates your ideas.

Avoid overly complex sentences or jargon. The first draft is for getting your thoughts down. You can refine the language and sentence structure later.

Sharpen Your Arguments

Edit and revise your essay. Strengthen your arguments with evidence and ensure logical flow between ideas. Transition words and phrases can improve readability.

Ensure each claim you make is supported by credible sources. Read your essay critically to ensure a smooth transition between ideas. Use transition words and phrases to connect paragraphs and arguments.

Briefly acknowledge opposing viewpoints and explain why your argument holds more weight.

Proofread Like a Pro

Once you learn how to write a business essay, meticulously proofread your essay for grammatical errors, typos, and formatting inconsistencies.

Double-check for typos, subject-verb agreement, and correct punctuation . Re-read sentences to ensure they are clear and can't be misinterpreted. Look for opportunities to tighten your language.

Ensure all in-text citations and references follow the required style guide (APA, MLA, Chicago).

Conclusion Counts

Write a concluding paragraph summarizing your main points and reiterating your thesis statement. You can also leave the reader with a final thought or implication.

Briefly remind the reader of your main arguments and the significance of your thesis. End with a thought-provoking statement, a call to action, or a final implication related to your topic. The conclusion should summarize, not introduce new ideas.

Formatting Finesse

Ensure your essay adheres to the required formatting style, be it APA, MLA, or Chicago. Double-check margins, font size, and citation format.

Make sure your essay adheres to the required style guide in terms of margins, font size, spacing, and title page format. Headings can improve readability. Use them strategically to break up long chunks of text.

Maintain a professional appearance using a professional font and consistent formatting throughout the essay.

Haven’t Finished Your Business Essay Yet?

There’s still time to use our service and fit into the schedule stress-free.

Writing business essays equips students with valuable skills for the professional world. Students refine their critical thinking, persuasion, and analytical abilities by shaping arguments, organizing data, communicating clearly in a formal setting, and submitting a business letter essay .

These sharpened skills not only boost their confidence for future business courses and careers but also make them more attractive candidates in a job market that highly values effective communication.

How Do You Start a Business Essay?

How long is a business essay.

• Business School Essay Samples - Essay Writing Center. (n.d.). International Student. https://www.internationalstudent.com/essay_writing/business_essay/

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Do you italicize fictional company names?

Generally in fiction writing, you don't italicize company names (even though you would italicize the name of a newspaper).

But what do you do if the company name is fictional, especially a name that is not a real word (Like Schwaye). Italicizing it would make it clearer to the reader that it is a name (and not a typo). It would also make the name easier to read.

What happens if the text has a mix of fictional and real world company names (e.g. the BBC and Schwaye). It seems a bit odd to have a mix of italics and roman.

Alice would always go to Adam's restaurant. [Couple of chapters later] After leaving Adam's, Angela checked her email. She had got a message from Schway, the famous social network, which was even bigger than Facebook or Twitter.

Alice would always go to Adam's restaurant. [Couple of chapters later] After leaving Adam's , Angela checked her email. She had got a message from Schway , the famous social network, which was even bigger than Facebook or Twitter.

I'm not sure but I feel it might read easier with italics (especially Adam's)

• 1 It's not standard practice or anything. Are you asking whether you can do this? Did you get the idea anywhere in particular, or is it your own solution to the problem of recognizing fictional company names? –  Standback Commented Mar 22, 2016 at 17:50

Company and brand names are not set off in italics, period. It's irrelevant whether the name is real or fictional.

The kinds of names/titles which do take italics:

• Publications (newspapers, magazines)
• Court cases

May or may not take italics depending on house style:

• Newsletters

But there's no reason to italicize the name of a brand (Apple, Pepsi), social network (Twitter, Facebook), or restaurant (Le Bec Fin, McCloskey's). These are names of products, services, or establishments. You are establishing what the named item is in context, and by the capital letter(s). For example:

We picked up an apple at the store. We picked up a Mac at the store. We picked up a mackintosh at the store.

The first is a piece of fruit, the second a computer, and the third a raincoat. It takes very little to make that clear, and italics aren't necessary. Calling attention to the fictional nature of your product or service will only be a distraction and make your reader wonder why you're calling it out.

Italics in fiction can be used to indicate thoughts (internal dialogue, or telepathy if your story has it) and foreign languages.

• 1 These are common pitfalls that can be solved by picking yourself up a style guide like The Chicago Manual of Style . You may also use italics to stress a word to a reader, but it shouldn't be overdone: "When I say I love chocolate, I mean I love chocolate." –  Stu W Commented Mar 22, 2016 at 13:13

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Calculate for all schools

Your chance of acceptance, your chancing factors, extracurriculars, proper way to include name in essay format.

What's the proper way to include my name in the format of a college application essay? Should I place it on the top left or somewhere else? Thanks in advance!

When formatting your college application essay, it's important to adhere to the guidelines provided by the college or use the standard MLA format if there are no specific instructions. Generally, you would want to include your name in the header of your essay, along with other important information. Here's a simple example:

1. In the top-left corner of the first page, include your full name, your high school, your guidance counselor, and the submission date (each on a separate line).

2. After the date, leave one line blank and then insert the title of your essay, centered on the page, and make sure to use standard capitalization rules.

3. Double-space your text, and begin the essay one line below the title.

In some cases, colleges may ask you to include your name and a specific identifier such as your Common App ID or social security number in the header on each page. In that case, create a right-justified header containing your last name, identifier, and the page number. Make sure to double-check the submission guidelines of the specific college you're applying to for any specific formatting requirements. Always follow their instructions to ensure your essay is properly formatted and presented.

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Business Essay and the Best Way of Its Writing

• Academic Writing Tips

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Business is an essential aspect of today’s evolving world. It is a lucrative industry that impacts many sectors, including education. Business-related courses are popular as many students are pursuing the programs. There are many branches in the business field, from business management to finance. College tutors often give students different business papers to test their knowledge as part of the assessment.

A business essay is an academic assignment that involves writing a paper that responds with a strategic and analytical approach to specific situations occurring in the market. Each business essay has a different topic that students tackle. However, the primary purpose of such essays is to collect relevant facts that align with the research question and analyze the data to get solutions.

Writing a business essay might seem simple, but it requires impressive writing skills and extensive research. You must be familiar with the topic to know the paper’s direction. Topic selection is a tricky section that affects the entire writing process. It is essential to identify a relevant topic to assist you in crafting a remarkable paper. You have to write a well-structured and compelling paper to get good grades. Presenting accurate arguments with supporting examples from reliable sources is an essential research aspect. Thus, a business essay must follow the required academic standards and theoretical frameworks.

However, writing is not everyone’s cup of tea, and incorporating logical arguments can be challenging. If you are stuck, you can check any business essay example online to understand the format. You will know how to structure the paper and relate it to the relevant themes.

That is why our writing service is here to help needy students craft exceptional essays. We will connect with a proficient business essay writer to help with the research and writing process. Get flawless documents from us and earn the best score in your class.

Business Essay Format

Most learners often overlook the importance of having a business essay format. It is imperative to use a format to help you outline your work. Proper thought organization and articulation are essential aspects that translate into a well-written business essay.

Below is an example of the format:

• Introduction
• Background information
• Introduce main topics
• Thesis statement
• Topic sentence
• Research explanation
• Restate points
• Significance of the study

The above outline is a map that will guide you to know what to include in each section. In addition, you will understand what the assignment requires you to do from the introduction to the conclusion.

If you still find it challenging to get the proper format, you can study a relevant business essay example from our site and jumpstart your paper. Whether you need a business school essay or a business plan essay, we have you covered.

Write Business Essay In 5 Steps

While writing might seem challenging, with the proper format and topic familiarity, you are on the right track. It is imperative to understand the writing process before composing your business essay. You need to read the prompt carefully to know what you are supposed to research and write about.

Here is an overview of the writing process in 5 simple steps:

• Topic Selection

Choosing a good topic is mandatory in crafting an excellent paper. You must select a theme that aligns with the research question. Additionally, ensure you select a familiar topic you are passionate about to avoid writing mistakes and illogical paragraphs.

• Extensive Research

Conduct extensive research to get facts and supporting evidence. Narrow down your theme and include only good points. Avoid broad topics because you will waste time during research.

• Essay Outline

Make sure you use a proper outline to organize your thoughts and line of arguments. Follow the format essay

Start writing your paper while using the required academic format. Organize your work and include the introduction, main body paragraphs, or conclusion.

• Editing and Proofreading

Finally, edit and proofread your essay to eliminate grammatical and spelling mistakes.

The above steps will help you during business essay writing to craft remarkable papers. It would be best to plan your time adequately to avoid rushing through the process. However, you must select an appropriate topic for your paper. It could be a business management essay or a marketing paper. No matter the subject discipline, ensure you follow the correct procedure.

Business Essay Topics

Our experts have compiled a list of different business essay topics to inspire your writing:

• Discuss the importance of bookkeeping in a business.
• Evaluate the impact of value addition in products.
• An analysis of income and expenditure transactions.
• Analyze the supply-chain industry.
• The effects of product promotion in business growth.
• How to develop an effective marketing strategy.
• Impact of policymaking in enhancing company productivity.
• What is multilevel marketing?
• Impact of technology in the business world.
• Discuss the challenges affecting entrepreneurship.
• Significance of human resource management.
• Explore the importance of budget analysis.
• How does technology impact advertising?
• The importance of a financial strategy.
• How to start an online business.
• How can organizations profit from sustainable practices?
• How to develop a positive organizational culture.
• The importance of employee diversity in an organization.
• Effective ways of fraud prevention in a company.
• Explore the communication channels in an organization.

Let us look at interesting argumentative business essay topics

• Discuss the influence of cultural differences on international companies.
• A comprehensive analysis of cryptocurrencies.
• Discuss the ethical dilemmas in international organizations.
• The influence of globalization on the business community.
• Should large organizations have a social media presence?
• Causes and effects of economic recession.
• Impact of politics on business growth.
• Discuss the effective strategies of negotiating cross-cultural business deals.
• Explore the integrity of online entrepreneurship.
• The impact of corporate social responsibility in an organization.

The field is quite diverse with various course programs. You can derive different topics from these programs to get logical arguments. So, get inspiration from the compelling business school essay examples and craft exceptional papers.

How To Start A Business Essay

Knowing how to start a business essay is essential for academic writing. The first step entails topic selection because it will determine the essay’s direction. Identifying a relevant topic is vital, and you need to ensure you get the suitable theme. It will also help save you time during research and simplify the writing process.

When it comes to essay writing service , business papers are among the assignments that require extensive research and analysis. Read the essay prompt carefully to understand the tutor’s expectations. Then, make sure you conduct a comprehensive brainstorming session to get the major points for your paper. Having the right points will help you compose logical arguments in a flawless manner.

Moreover, it would help to read previous essays and publications from reliable essays widely. You will get essential data to support your arguments. Besides, the sources will help you cite your essay correctly.

Start your essay with an insightful introduction and include your perspective regarding the topic. Incorporate a powerful thesis statement that informs your readers of the paper’s direction and the major points you will discuss.

Proceed to write the body paragraphs with a topic sentence that captures all significant arguments. Each paragraph should have well-explained arguments that flow logically.

Finally, conclude your business essay by restating your main points and the significance of the study.

Still, need help with your paper? Worry no more. Our competent business essay writers are on standby, ready to assist you with any academic paper. Stop wasting time and reach out to us. We will help you score top-of-the-class grades within no time.

The paper “Enterprises Resource Planning Success and Failure” is an outstanding example of a business essay. An Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system according to Aslan et al. (2012, p.693) is a management system within an organization that has sets of connected inclusive software, which may be used when espoused and put into practice effectively, to oversee and connect every organizational function. Basically, ERP systems may be employed as a tool for helping to improve the supply chain network as well as the level of performance by helping in decreasing cycle times.

Besides that, ERP systems have been utilized routinely in capital-intensive industries like building, construction, manufacturing, as well as defence. Latterly, ERP systems have advanced further and nowadays they are prevalent in industries such as education, health care, finance, hospitality, and telecommunications. Fundamentally, the benefits of ERP systems are hard to realise not unless a strong disposition, as well as participation, is established within the organisation; so, the article seeks to critically analyse ERP success and failure experienced by organisations.

BodyAs mentioned by Hellens et al. (2005, p.283), ERP systems are built upon a single database and application, as well as a coordinate that is unified in the whole organization. For that reason, every application serving different departments such as HR, accounting, and supply chain are integrated firmly under a single ERP system. Al-as observed by Al-Masha et al. (2003, p.354), ERP systems are useful when successfully implemented because they accelerate the process of decision-making. So, the success of ERP systems depends on the ability of an organisation’s managers to efficiently oversee the operation of a business, given that ERP systems can help them reduces operation costs.

Success drivers of ERP systems can be categorised into two: operational and technological drivers. In this case, operational drivers are associated with ways of improving organisational performance, supporting business strategies, as well as cutting production costs. On the other hand, technological drivers are predominantly associated with compliance with existing rules and regulations. The notion of success varies as the process of implementation continues, in that for planning and implementation (the first two stages of the cycle) success is mainly rooted in completing the ERP project to the standards that are acceptable within the budget as well as a time limit.

As pointed out by Hanafizadeh et al. (2010), stabilization as well as Improvement (the last two stages of the cycle) success is founded on the seeming impact of the ERP system on the performance of the organization. As indicated in Hanafizadeh et al. (2010) study, there are scores of factors vital for the success of ERP systems; support is top management one of the factors, and it involves encouraging commitment, positivity, and support of top management in the ERP project. Another factor is the utilization of knowledge as well as experience of system and technology consultants.

Additionally, the balanced project team is crucial for the success of ERP systems because it includes the integration of employees and information technology with the broad knowledge of the processes in the organization. As evidenced in Hellens et al. (2005) study, the accuracy of the information is crucial to the success of ERP project, so, data loaded from accessible legacy systems must at all times be of high quality. ERP project cannot succeed if the project management teams do not have a well-defined, detailed project plan related to the goals of the project.

Change management is also a success factor in the implementation of ERP project; so, careful attention has to be offered to this, considering that several changes in business processes are experienced during ERP systems implementation. Training and education are also important given that technical expertise regarding the ERP system, its reference model, and facts regarding its working are useful in the process of implementation. Other factors crucial for success consists of, availability of experts who aside from being in top management will frequently help the organization realize ERP system benefits.

Failure of ERP projects has been prevalent, and this has continued to bite worldwide across all business platforms. As pointed out in Xue et al. (2005, p.279) study, ERP poise substantial benefits like improving customer service, reducing manufacturing costs and boosts productivity, but these benefits are only realised after successfully implementing the ERP systems. Nevertheless, statistics show that implementation of ERP systems is still a failure amongst scores of companies. Statistically, 90 per cent of ERP systems implementations in Asia countries, especially China are either completed late or use more money and resources than those stipulated in budget.

In Xue et al. (2005) study, where they differentiated implementation success of ERP system in China as well as western countries, they noted that China had a higher percentage of failure which was attributed mainly to lack of support from top management as well as data inaccuracy. Other factors that led to ERP failure include poor participation, education and training, insignificant time ensuing from a minimal understanding of cross-operational organisational processes (Dechow & Mouritsen, 2005, p.691). Furthermore, ERP systems are exceedingly expensive, and also the need for the organisation to hire consultants to assist in the configuration as well as implementation, results in further escalation of price; thus, creating a high possibility of failure.

The cost used on consultants is almost thrice the cost of an ERP system; this negatively affects the productivity of the company and can lead also to the failure of the ERP system. ConclusionIn conclusion, it has been argued that ERP systems are beneficial because they improve the flow of information between every function of the company and also manages the connections to external stakeholders. Currently, the key basis of competitive advantage is the capability of a business to improve the processes of the supply chain.

This necessity has created the need for more advanced information systems like ERP systems. The articles have heightened numerous factors critical to the success of ERP, and which have allowed companies to efficiently plan their resources resulting in business efficient functionality and increased productivity. Failures as discussed in the article are caused by lack of support from top management, data inaccuracy, and lack of sufficient education and training.

The paper “New iPhones Show a Hit For Apple as Quarterly Profit Fluctuate 13 Percent” is an outstanding example of a business literature review. Yao (2014) explains that China is expected to provide information about its weakest growth since the occurrence of the global financial crisis within the third quarter while the property downturn is assessed based on manufacturing and investment. As a result, more pressure has been put on Beijing to unveil new stimulus measures. According to Yao (2014), the market assumes that the Communist Party leader will be able to adjust to the gradual slowdown. This will happen only in circumstances where there are no possibilities of experiencing a potentially destabilizing fluctuation in unemployment. However, anything weaker would lead to more speculations of key stimulus measures, for instance, an interest rate cut. Although the leadership has consistently provided steady aid specifically to vulnerable sectors of the economy, it has been noted that several stimuli have been ignored because China is still struggling to pay a huge local government debt (Yao 2014).

Article 2: New iPhones show a hit for Apple as quarterly profit fluctuate 13 percent

Due to strong demand for APPLE’s new larger-screen iPhones released in September, its quarterly profit increased by 13 percent. This also enabled APPLE to overcome the sluggish iPad sales (Jones 2014). Despite the more intensifying competition felt by Samsung Electronics as APPLE’s leading Smartphone competitor, Jones (2014) points out that the iPhone is attracting more consumers who are also ready to pay high prices particularly for cutting-edge handsets. Through its latest phones, Apple is profitably catching with its major competitors, such as, Samsung that have from time to time managed to post attractive sales of larger phones. It has also been noted that the marketing strength that iPhone has gained stands in contrast to sluggish iPad sales and the issues affecting Samsung’s Smartphone business (Jones 2014).

Article 3: Coal not the solution for poverty

Couchi (2014) examines that cheap coal-fueled electricity is highly considered by miners and politicians as the best alternative way out of poverty, particularly for developing nations. However, Africa has not considered this. In the business report provided by Couchi (2014) about the U.S financial group Citi, it can be noted that the booming market for African electricity has been a result of the coal approach. In the attempt to reinforce coals bearish outlook, Couchi (2014) reports that Citi discovered that a new International Energy Agency (IEA) outlook on the commodity is in contrast with the idea of BHP, the US coal producer Peabody as well as the Minerals Council of Australia which maintains that coal would play an integral role in minimizing energy poverty, particularly for developing countries. Despite its metallurgical and thermal forms, coal is considered the second-biggest mineral exported from Australia after iron ore (Couchi 2014).

Article 4: Ebola could be in the headlines, but tobacco is yet another killer in Africa

Research conducted by The Guardian (2014) shows that although Ebola dominates the headlines, there is yet another killer pandemic of great importance that continues to kill many people in the African continent unnoticeably. It is has been noted that tobacco kills at least one between two long term smokers. Currently, it is anticipated to kill 1 billion people globally before 2100. This is relatively more compared to the current number of people who die of Ebola. The Guardian (2014) terms this global issue as injustice and inequality because Transnational Tobacco Companies (TTCs), such as UK-based British American Tobacco (BAT) earn humungous profits yet they cause economic damage worthy over half a trillion dollars each year. Besides, TTCs contribute more to environmental degradation and thus create risks that compromise the health as well as the sustainability of populations. To earn more profits, TTCs are currently shifting and expanding their business to untapped markets in regions with unrestricted opportunities for growth (The Guardian 2014).

Article 5: NAB, ANZ lead pack in building home-lending share

The home loan is still considered the major driving force in recovering credit growth for banks. In this case, National Australian Bank (NAB) and ANZ are on the frontline to encourage the big banks in taking the advantage of the mortgage market, while home and business lending are sustainably becoming strong. Therefore, NAB and ANZ have put on media their fastest growth out of the big in all the past three months (Yeates 2014). Despite the faster growth and expansion made by NAB compared to their rivals in home lending, Yeates (2014) notes that analysts see business lending as a bigger concern because the bank has lost shares and faced more pressure, particularly on its margins. Generally, the home loan market is considered a major driving force that enables banks to recover from credit growth regardless of the risks associated with life specifically in business lending (Yeates 2014).

The paper “Globalization and Culture” is an outstanding example of a business essay. Today, it is common to hear people refer to the world as ‘a global village’. This has been a result of the process of globalization. This process has opened up and improved trade across regional and national borders. Not only has globalization enhanced economic interactions across nations but also improved access to information and uplifted the fight for human rights, among other benefits. Recent technological and communication developments along with improved road networks have been the key drivers of globalization. However, critics of globalization say that these benefits have been realized at a very high price: that of surrendering regional and national cultural values, mainly, for Western morals (Kwame, 2007).

Regarding this debate, two key schools of thought emerge. From one angle critics argue that globalization spreads out any and every culture all over the realm, leading to cultural heterogeneity and deeper understanding between diverse groups. This is mainly defined through the global production and distribution of commodities such that people in different parts of the world have access to commodities they would otherwise have never seen. A case in point is the cultural interaction between the United States and Japan. Teens in the U.S interact with the Japanese culture through their comic books, animations and video games, while teens in Japan interact with the American culture through watching TV shows and Hollywood movies produced in the U.S (Kwame, 2007).

On the flip side, critics argue that globalization erodes the regional and national cultural identity through cultural homogeneity. This leads to a cohesive global culture constituting diluted varieties of regional and national cultural nuances. For instance, French pastries, ‘American’ fried chicken, and Japanese sushi can be eaten in almost any part of the world. Restraint chains such as MacDonald’s and Starbucks have influenced traditions and behaviors in different countries. Even though champions of globalization claim that this merely affects consumer goods and media broadcasting, critics contend that it deteriorates customary culture ((Kwame, 2007; Czinkota, 2003).

Culture is a prevalent aspect in business whether it is in marketing, production, or human resource management. It is a key variable in the function of success in new markets (Czinkota, 2003). People’s purchasing decisions are based on a product’s design, style or color that supports their religious beliefs and practices. Empirical evidence shows that the success or failure of a company, especially, in a foreign market is reliant upon the effective managerial exercise of local religious beliefs and practices. Therefore, managers ought to be on familiar terms with their market’s religious differences given that religion influences people’s attitudes. For instance, Asians have a different attitude toward authority and women that differs from Western beliefs and practices. Whereas many parts of the world, including Asia, South America, and Africa, value collectivism very much, Americans are more individualistic. Chinese, Latin Americans and Koreans take time casually even as Americans are more proactive.

Failing to appreciate the religious beliefs and practices of the market will often lead to lots of inadvertent mistakes, such as being socially violent, cultural mix-ups, tarnished interpersonal relations, poor negotiations. As a consequence, the company’s future performance dwindles as profits decline. Lack of religious competence, or religious dogmatism, can easily put at risk millions of dollars through fruitless negotiations, lost purchases or sales, and pitiable customer relationships (Czinkota, 2003).

Cultural Literacy

Culture is a broad system that includes traditions, beliefs, attitudes, values, institutions and social interactions. This system reflects the global crunch facing the human race, and so it is a cultural catastrophe (UNESCO 1997). Dealing with such a cultural diversity calls for an important skill referred to as cultural competence. Chrisman (2007) defines cultural competence as ‘attitudes, practice skills, and system savvy for cross-cultural conditions’. The key force in work involving cultural competence is the people’s flexibility and ability to appropriately consider and treat the general public politely and in a proper way fitting their culture. Cultural literacy takes account of cultural competence plus the capacity to analytically mirror, and if needed institute change in, one’s a specific culture. Cultural literacy also comprises the capacity to examine the actions of central cultures measured against other cultures. This becomes very much useful in business. A case in point is the understanding of the effect of globalization or cross-cultural businesses on indigenous cultures all over the world.

Cultural literacy has been likened to an iceberg, through the iceberg model of culture. This is due to the expanse contextual material one requires to understand the culture. Cultural literacy often involves much more than the information essentially spoken. In other words, to understand the meaning of a cultural term, one has got to have much information that is not revealed by the bare meaning of that term. The clear cultural meaning of the term is like the ‘tip of an iceberg’ meaning that the deeper understanding lies below the casual meaning of the term and it constitutes a person’s own applicable information. It is known that 15 per cent or less of an iceberg can be seen above the water surface, 85 per cent or more of the iceberg is submerged below the water surface. This means that there is quite a different picture depicted shallowly from that which is the actual translation in the literature, giving the imprint that implied information comprises relatively tiny bits and pieces of information, left out by the correspondent due to dismissal or suitability (Hawkes, 2001).

Figure 1: Iceberg Model of Culture

It has been stated earlier that culture is a broad system that among other aspects involves religion. The world is very diverse in terms of culture as well as religion. Each culture embodies a creation in itself and yet it is not closed. Cultures give religious convictions semantics, and religions provide decisive connotation to each culture. Religion is a way of life for numerous cultures saturating every one human action. In other cultures, it characterizes the utmost ambitions of human life, and for others, religion is an institution that claims to convey a meaning of deliverance (Hawkes, 2001).

The paper “The Different Communications ” is an outstanding example of a management assignment. Phone: 23 rd August: the communication was made to remind that the bill for the mobile phone is outstanding and if not paid within the date will have a fine imposed on it. The communication was successful as it helped to fulfill my need and acted as a reminder. Further, the call also ensured that it was complete and all the details like outstanding amount, due date, late fine, and other details were provided. The call was complete and highlighted the important aspect which if ignored could have an impact on my usage.

Radio: 24 th August: The communication was made regarding the areas which are having huge traffic and showed the roads which should be avoided. The communication was successful as it helped to fulfill my requirements by highlighting the different roads which need to be avoided and which need to be used. The communication was further clear and loud regarding the different roads and path which should be avoided. This method acted as one where proper guidance was provided and acting in the correct way was highlighted so those correct decisions can be taken.

Communications that were unsuccessful

Television: 24 th August: The communication was made regarding the sale of women’s garments. The communication was ineffective because in the first instance it didn’t meet my needs and requirements as I was not looking to shop. Secondly, the message was not constructed properly as it didn’t speak about the brands which were available on sale, the different garments which were available, and also didn’t highlight the date when the sale would end.

Phone: 25 th August: The communication was made regarding the mobile bill payment which has already been made. The call was ineffective because it was not required as the payment has been made and I had the required receipt. The call was instead a wastage of time. In addition to it, the call was not constructed properly and required to focus on areas through which a message would have been enough as a source of communication to ensure that the payment was correctly entered.

Reasons for communication not to be successful

The communication process can be improved in the following ways

Firstly, ensuring that the communication which is made is required and is addressed properly so that the person who receives the communication gains from it (Nicholas, 2013)

Secondly, providing complete information is essential as it will serve as a benchmark to evaluate the manner in which different information is passed (Anne & Bochner, 2007). It will also help to understand the important matter which has been spoken and will help to highlight the manner in which changes can make so that proper communication and message is passed

Thirdly, the targeted audience was wrong and it is important to correct the audience (Mehrabian and Susan, 2007). This will help to improve the validity and reliability of the communication and will ensure that the process of communication becomes effective and is directed towards the correct person

Fourthly, the process of communication needs to be improved and changed so that the message is correctly interpreted and passed with the same intention (Imahori & Lanigan, 2012). This will help the listeners to evaluate the message in the correct form and will help to ensure maximum response.

Fifthly, the media which are used needs to be chosen wisely as the usage of a message instead of a phone call for bill paid confirmation would have been more helpful and could have caught the attention of the audience in a better way. This would have multiplied the effectiveness of communication and would have helped to understand the important points and issues.

The process of communication thereby requires working on the smaller and important aspect so that the overall process of communication improves and helps to provide the required dimensions through which effectiveness can be gained in the manner messages are passed.

The paper “Why Did Telefonica Initially Focus on Latin America” is a perfect example of a business assignment. Based on Telefonica’s objectives of rapidly increasing shareholder value, profits and achieving growth, it had to take advantage of location economies. Hence, the company initially focused on Latin America, as it must have perceived FDI to be a means for circumnavigating trade barriers. Indeed, the reasons why Telefonica initially focused on Latin America are perceivable through the lens of the Uppsala Model Theory.

According to the theory, the internalisation of a company across many foreign markets is correlated to psychic distance, where the first entry is to foreign markets that are familiar and closer in regards to the psychic distance of the host country, before making subsequent entries in foreign markets with greater psychic distance. Psychic distance comprises the differences in culture, language and political systems (Falvo & Parshad 2005).

Within the perspective of Uppsala Model Theory, it should be argued that companies tend to gradually increase their activities in international markets through a series of incremental stages, where the succeeding steps are anchored in learning and adapting to foreign markets (Pandian & Sim 2002).

This implies that the firms fast gain experience from the markets, where they have closer cultural ties before expanding to foreign markets. For instance, Telefonica had to first gain experience as a telecoms operator in Latin America, since the region has deep cultural ties with Spain, where it is headquartered.

Strategic competitive advantages

The company’s decision to slowly expand to Europe appeared opportunistic as well as strategic. Europe had initially possessed trade barriers that lowered the chances of successful entries. Essentially, there is a correlation between culture and national competitive advantage, where countries that are likely to impose trade barriers, in terms of competition are bypassed in preference to those that are less competitive (Enu & Attah-Obeng 2010). This argument is based on Dunning’s Eclectic Theory, which hypothesises that a company will always seek to leverage their specific advantages, including marketing, knowledge, skilled personnel, technology and information (Dunning 2001).

In this case, the Latin American markets were growing rapidly. They also experienced an increased high adoption rate and usage of mobile phones and internet connections. Additionally, after the Spanish government privatised Telefonica and deregulated the Spanish telecommunications market, the company’s core objective became increasing shareholder value, profits and achieving growth.

This implies that profit maximisation is a major drive to foreign direct development; through the use of particular advantages the company has (Glesem et al. 1990). It, therefore, had to select a region that would enable it to achieve higher profits. The company selected Latin America over Europe. Latin America had few entry barriers, such as competition and government regulations, while Europe had greater barriers due to more competitors. This implies that imperfect competition within the marketplace is a key incentive for expanding abroad. Besides, European mobile telecommunications operators had agreed they would not invade each other’s markets. However, after the entry of America Movil into Latin America, Telefonica faced a stronger competitor, forcing it to expand to Europe.

Commenting on other student’s post:

Why did Telefonica initially focus on Latin America?  Why was it slower to expand in Europe, even though Spain is a member of the European Union?

While the student hinted at the growth of multinational enterprises, a brief outline detailing why the company expanded and reasons for expansion could have provided a more relevant backdrop. Additionally, the reference to the Socialist Party by Popular Part in the general election of 1996 was irrelevant and out of context. The student’s decision to link the factors for the European Union to the opening of the telecommunications sector was misplaced. Rather, the student should have selected reasons why Telefonica selected to begin operating in Latin America before making headway to Europe. However, reference to high competition in the sector in Europe was justified.

Accordingly, the student should have explored the close cultural ties between Spain and Latin America, as the major drivers that triggered Telefonica to first launch in the region before expanding to Europe. In supporting the argument, a reference to a relevant theory, such as the Uppsala Model Theory could have pointed to the reasons why internationalisation of a company across many foreign markets is correlated to psychic distance (Uhasselt. be 2005). This includes why the initial entry is mostly made in foreign markets that are familiar and closer in regards to the psychic distance of the host country. Afterward, an explanation of what this meant to Telefonica based on the theory could have been appropriate (Gustafsson & Zasada 2011). For instance, the student should have stated that firms get to fast gain experience from the markets where they have closer cultural ties before expanding to foreign markets.

The student should have based his arguments on Dunning’s Eclectic Theory, which proposes that firms tend to use their peculiar advantages such as marketing, knowledge, skilled personnel, technology and information (Rugman 2010). Further, he should have stated that companies view FDI as a means to circumnavigate trade barriers before going forth to describe the correlation between culture and national competitive advantage, where countries that are likely to impose trade barriers in terms of competition are bypassed in preference to those that are less competitive.

While the student was also justified in arguing that the company sought to maximise profitability and to increase shareholder value, no basis was provided to support the argument, based on the case study. At this stage, the student should have suggested a theory to support his argument (Morgan & Katsikeas 1999). Later, the student should have provided examples from the case study to defend the choice of the theory he selected. However, the student provided examples outside the case study, such as “Telefonica has been able to establish footprints in 24 countries and having an average of 120,000 professionals with consolidated revenues of 24,957 million euros in January-June 2014 and more than 315.7 million customers at June 2014”

Additionally, the reasons the student outlined as the likely motivators for Telefonica to launch first in Latin America before making entries in Europe cannot be justified, as they have not been argued appropriately. For instance, in suggesting political developments, taking policy advantage and the fact that the markets shared a common language, the student should have discussed the concept of psychic distance and the related theory, such as the Uppsala Model Theory.

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How to Write a Book Name in an Essay

Last Updated: February 14, 2024 Fact Checked

This article was co-authored by Noah Taxis and by wikiHow staff writer, Danielle Blinka, MA, MPA . Noah Taxis is an English Teacher based in San Francisco, California. He has taught as a credentialed teacher for over four years: first at Mountain View High School as a 9th- and 11th-grade English Teacher, then at UISA (Ukiah Independent Study Academy) as a Middle School Independent Study Teacher. He is now a high school English teacher at St. Ignatius College Preparatory School in San Francisco. He received an MA in Secondary Education and Teaching from Stanford University’s Graduate School of Education. He also received an MA in Comparative and World Literature from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and a BA in International Literary & Visual Studies and English from Tufts University. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 64,289 times.

When you’re writing an essay that includes a book title, it can be confusing to write the title correctly. However, it’s really easy once you know the rules. How you write the title will vary a little bit depending on the style your instructor assigns and if you are typing or handwriting the essay. Luckily, it's easy to follow the rules for writing a book name in an essay.

Writing Help

Typing an Essay in MLA or Chicago Style Format

• For example, you would write To Kill a Mockingbird , The Lord of the Rings , or Wuthering Heights .

• If you have the book name in front of you, you can just copy it down as it is printed.
• Articles include a, an, and the.
• Prepositions include at, in, on, of, about, since, from, for, until, during, over, above, under, underneath, below, beneath, near, by, next to, between, among, and opposite.
• Coordinating conjunctions include the FANBOYS, which are for, and, not, but, or, yet, and

• For example, you would write the name of William Faulkner’s novel Absalom, Absalom! with both the comma and the exclamation point in italics.

• If the highlight bar goes away, try again, making sure that you don’t click anywhere on the page after you highlight the book name.

• Alternatively, you can press the italicize icon before you type the title.
• If you’re using Microsoft Word to type your essay, the italicize key may appear if you hover over the highlighted book name.

• If the next word after your title appears italicized when you resume typing, simply highlight it and click the italicize icon to remove the formatting.

• For example, The Lord of the Rings trilogy is sometimes published in one volume. In this case, you could write the name of the first novel as "The Fellowship of the Ring" when citing it in an essay.

Typing an Essay in APA Format

• Capitalize the first letter of the words, not the entire word.
• If the word is a two-part hyphenated word in the title, you should capitalize both words. For example, you would write Blue River: The Trial of a Mayor-Elect .
• If there is a dash or colon in the title, you should capitalize the word after the punctuation, regardless of how long the word is. As above, you would write Blue River: The Trial of a Mayor-Elect .

• For example, you would write Philip K. Dick’s Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? with the question mark italicized.

• If the book name is not highlighted, left click and drag your cursor again, making sure that you don’t click again anywhere on the page.

• If you are using Microsoft Word, the italics icon may appear when you hover over the highlighted book title. It’s okay to click this key.

Handwriting an Essay

• For MLA and Chicago style essays, capitalize the first word of the book name and every word other than articles, prepositions, or coordinating conjunctions. For example, write The Lord of the Rings .
• If you’re using APA style, capitalize the first word and all words longer than 4 letters. [9] X Research source This means you would write Public Policy in Local Government .

• If you’re writing on lined paper, it may help to follow along the line of the paper. However, make sure your line is dark enough so that your instructor will see that you properly underlined the book name.

• For example, you would write Judy Blume’s Are You There, God? It’s Me, Margaret by underlining the punctuation marks as well as the words.

Expert Interview

Thanks for reading our article! If you’d like to learn more about academic writing, check out our in-depth interview with Noah Taxis .

• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_formatting_and_style_guide/mla_general_format.html
• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/subject_specific_writing/writing_in_literature/writing_about_literature/formatting.html
• ↑ https://www.grammarly.com/blog/underline-or-italicize-book-titles/
• ↑ https://askus.library.wwu.edu/faq/116757
• ↑ https://libguides.up.edu/apa/books_ebooks
• ↑ https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/italics-quotations/italics

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The Science of Strong Business Writing

• Bill Birchard

Lessons from neurobiology

Brain scans are showing us in new detail exactly what entices readers. Scientists can see a group of midbrain neurons—the “reward circuit”—light up as people respond to everything from a simple metaphor to an unexpected story twist. The big takeaway? Whether you’re crafting an email to a colleague or an important report for the board, you can write in a way that delights readers on a primal level, releasing pleasure chemicals in their brains.

Bill Birchard is an author and writing coach who’s worked with many successful businesspeople. He’s drawn on that experience and his review of the scientific literature to identify eight features of satisfying writing: simplicity, specificity, surprise, stirring language, seductiveness, smart ideas, social content, and storytelling. In this article, he shares tips for using those eight S’s to captivate readers and help your message stick.

Strong writing skills are essential for anyone in business. You need them to effectively communicate with colleagues, employees, and bosses and to sell any ideas, products, or services you’re offering.

• Bill Birchard is a business author and book-writing coach. His Writing for Impact: 8 Secrets from Science That Will Fire Up Your Reader’s Brain will be published by HarperCollins Leadership in April 2023. His previous books include Merchants of Virtue, Stairway to Earth, Nature’s Keepers, Counting What Counts, and others. For more writing tactics, see his website .  

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A year after affirmative action ban, how students are pitching themselves to colleges

• Deep Read ( 13 Min. )
• By Olivia Sanchez, Nirvi Shah, and Meredith Kolodner The Hechinger Report

June 28, 2024

In the year since the U.S. Supreme Court banned the consideration of race in college admissions, students have had to give more thought to how they present themselves in their application essays – to what they will disclose.

Data from the Common Application shows that in this admissions cycle, about 12% of students from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups used at least one of 38 identity-related phrases in their essays, a decrease of roughly 1% from the previous year. The data shows that about 20% of American Indian and Alaskan Native applicants used one of these phrases; meanwhile 15% of Asian students, 14% of Black students, 11% of Latinx students, and fewer than 3% of white students did so.

Why We Wrote This

A year ago, the U.S. Supreme Court barred affirmative action in college admissions. Students have since used their application essays as a place to explore identity.

To better understand how students were deciding what to include, The Hechinger Report asked newly accepted students from across the United States to share their application essays and to describe how they thought their writing choices ultimately influenced their admissions outcomes. Among them was Jaleel Gomes Cardoso from Boston, who wrote about being Black. 

“If you’re not going to see what my race is in my application, then I’m definitely putting it in my writing,” he says, “because you have to know that this is the person who I am.”   

In the year since the Supreme Court banned  the consideration of race in college admissions last June, students have had to give more thought to how they present themselves in their application essays .

Previously, they could write about their racial or ethnic identity if they wanted to, but colleges would usually know it either way and could use it as a factor in admissions. Now, it’s entirely up to students to disclose their identity or not.

Data from the Common Application shows that in this admissions cycle about 12% of students from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups used at least one of 38 identity-related phrases in their essays, a decrease of roughly 1% from the previous year. The data shows that about 20% of American Indian and Alaskan Native applicants used one of these phrases; meanwhile 15% of Asian students, 14% of Black students, 11% of Latinx students, and fewer than 3% of white students did so.

To better understand how students were making this decision and introducing themselves to colleges, The Hechinger Report asked newly accepted students from across the country to share their college application essays. The Hechinger staff read more than 50 essays and talked to many students about their writing process, who gave them advice, and how they think their choices ultimately influenced their admissions outcomes.

Here are thoughts from a sampling of those students, with excerpts from their essays. 

Jaleel Gomes Cardoso of Boston: A risky decision

As Jaleel Gomes Cardoso sat looking at the essay prompt for Yale University, he wasn’t sure how honest he should be. “Reflect on your membership in a community to which you feel connected,” it read. “Why is this community meaningful to you?” He wanted to write about being part of the Black community – it was the obvious choice – but the Supreme Court’s decision to ban the consideration of a student’s race in admissions gave him pause.

“Ever since the decision about affirmative action, it kind of worried me about talking about race,” says Mr. Cardoso, who grew up in Boston. “That entire topic felt like a risky decision.” 

In the past, he had always felt that taking a risk produced some of his best writing, but he thought that an entire essay about being Black might be going too far. 

“The risk was just so heavy on the topic of race when the Court’s decision was to not take race into account,” he says. “It was as if I was disregarding that decision. It felt very controversial, just to make it so out in the open.” 

In the end, he did write an essay that put his racial identity front and center. He wasn’t accepted to Yale, but he has no regrets about his choice.

“If you’re not going to see what my race is in my application, then I’m definitely putting it in my writing,” says Mr. Cardoso, who will attend Dartmouth College this fall, “because you have to know that this is the person who I am.”                       

 – Meredith Kolodner

Essay excerpt:

I was thrust into a narrative of indifference and insignificance from the moment I entered this world. I was labeled as black, which placed me in the margins of society. It seemed that my destiny had been predetermined; to be part of a minority group constantly oppressed under the weight of a social construct called race. Blackness became my life, an identity I initially battled against. I knew others viewed it as a flaw that tainted their perception of me. As I matured, I realized that being different was not easy, but it was what I loved most about myself.  

Klaryssa Cobian of Los Angeles: A seminomadic mattress life

Klaryssa Cobian is Latina – a first-generation Mexican American – and so was nearly everyone else in the Southeast Los Angeles community where she grew up. Because that world was so homogenous, she really didn’t notice her race until she was a teenager.

Then she earned a scholarship to a prestigious private high school in Pasadena. For the first time, she was meaningfully interacting with people of other races and ethnicities, but she felt the greatest gulf between her and her peers came from her socioeconomic status, not the color of her skin. 

Although Ms. Cobian has generally tried to keep her home life private, she felt that colleges needed to understand the way her family’s severe economic disadvantages had affected her. She wrote about how she’d long been “desperate to feel at home.”

She was 16 years old before she had a mattress of her own. Her essay cataloged all the places she lay her head before that. She wrote about her first bed, a queen-sized mattress shared with her parents and younger sister. She wrote about sleeping in the backseat of her mother’s red Mustang, before they lost the car. She wrote about moving into her grandparents’ home and sharing a mattress on the floor with her sister, in the same room as two uncles. She wrote about the great independence she felt when she “moved out” into the living room and onto the couch.  

“Which mattress I sleep on has defined my life, my independence, my dependence,” Ms. Cobian wrote. 

She’d initially considered writing about the ways she felt she’d had to sacrifice her Latino culture and identity to pursue her education, but said she hesitated after the Supreme Court ruled on the use of affirmative action in admissions. Ultimately, she decided that her experience of poverty was more pertinent. 

“If I’m in a room of people, it’s like, I can talk to other Latinos, and I can talk to other brown people, but that does not mean I’m going to connect with them. Because, I learned, brown people can be rich,” Ms. Cobian says.  She’s headed to the University of California, Berkeley, in the fall.

– Olivia Sanchez

Essay excerpt: 

With the only income, my mom automatically assumed custody of me and my younger sister, Alyssa. With no mattress and no home, the backseat of my mom’s red mustang became my new mattress. Bob Marley blasted from her red convertible as we sang out “could you be loved” every day on our ride back from elementary school. Eventually, we lost the mustang too and would take the bus home from Downtown Los Angeles, still singing “could you be loved” to each other.  

Oluwademilade Egunjobi of Providence, Rhode Island: The perfect introduction

Oluwademilade Egunjobi worked on her college essay from June until November. Not every single day, and not on only one version, but for five months she was writing and editing and asking anyone who would listen for advice.

She considered submitting essays about the value of sex education, or the philosophical theory of solipsism (in which the only thing that is guaranteed to exist is your own mind). 

But most of the advice she got was to write about her identity. So, to introduce herself to colleges, Oluwademilade Egunjobi wrote about her name.

Ms. Egunjobi is the daughter of Nigerian immigrants who, she wrote, chose her first name because it means she’s been crowned by God. In naming her, she said, her parents prioritized pride in their heritage over ease of pronunciation for people outside their culture. 

And although Ms. Egunjobi loves that she will always be connected to her culture, this choice has put her in a lifelong loop of exasperating introductions and questions from non-Nigerians about her name. 

The loop often ends when the person asks if they can call her by her nickname, Demi. “I smile through my irritation and say I prefer it anyways, and then the situation repeats time and time again,” Egunjobi wrote. 

She was nervous when she learned about the Supreme Court’s affirmative action decision, wondering what it might mean for where she would get into college. Her teachers and college advisors from a program called Matriculate told her she didn’t have to write a sob story, but that she should write about her identity, how it affects the way she moves through the world and the resilience it’s taught her. 

She heeded their advice, and it worked out. In the fall, she will enter the University of Pennsylvania to study philosophy, politics, and economics. 

I don’t think I’ve ever had to fight so hard to love something as hard as I’ve fought to love my name. I’m grateful for it because it’ll never allow me to reject my culture and my identity, but I get frustrated by this daily performance. I’ve learned that this performance is an inescapable fate, but the best way to deal with fate is to show up with joy. I am Nigerian, but specifically from the ethnic group, Yoruba. In Yoruba culture, most names are manifestations. Oluwademilade means God has crowned me, and my middle name is Favor, so my parents have manifested that I’ll be favored above others and have good success in life. No matter where I go, people familiar with the language will recognize my name and understand its meaning. I love that I’ll always carry a piece of my culture with me.  

Francisco Garcia of Fort Worth, Texas: Accepted to college and by his community

In the opening paragraph of his college application essay, Francisco Garcia quotes his mother, speaking to him in Spanish, expressing disappointment that her son was failing to live up to her Catholic ideals. It was her reaction to Mr. Garcia revealing his bisexuality. 

Mr. Garcia said those nine Spanish words were “the most intentional thing I did to share my background” with colleges. The rest of his essay delves into how his Catholic upbringing, at least for a time, squelched his ability to be honest with friends about his sexual identity, and how his relationship with the church changed. He said he had striven, however, to avoid coming across as pessimistic or sad, aiming instead to share “what I’ve been through [and] how I’ve become a better person because of it.” 

He worked on his essay throughout July, August, and September, with guidance from college officials he met during campus visits and from an adviser he was paired with by Matriculate, which works with students who are high achievers from low-income families. Be very personal, they told Mr. Garcia, but within limits. 

“I am fortunate to have support from all my friends, who encourage me to explore complexities within myself,” he wrote. “My friends give me what my mother denied me: acceptance.”

He was accepted by Dartmouth, one of the eight schools to which he applied, after graduating from Saginaw High School near Fort Worth, Texas, this spring.

– Nirvi Shah

Essay excerpt:  

By the time I got to high school, I had made new friends who I felt safe around. While I felt I was more authentic with them, I was still unsure whether they would judge me for who I liked. It became increasingly difficult for me to keep hiding this part of myself, so I vented to both my mom and my closest friend, Yoana ... When I confessed that I was bisexual to Yoana, they were shocked, and I almost lost hope. However, after the initial shock, they texted back, “I’m really chill with this. Nothing has changed Francisco:)”. The smiley face, even if it took 2 characters, was enough to bring me to tears. 

Hafsa Sheikh of Pearland, Texas: Family focus above all 

Hafsa Sheikh felt her applications would be incomplete without the important context of her home life: She became a primary financial contributor to her household when she was just 15, because her father, once the family’s sole breadwinner, could not work due to his major depressive disorder. Her work in a pizza parlor on the weekends and as a tutor after school helped pay the bills. 

She found it challenging to open up this way, but felt she needed to tell colleges that, although working two jobs throughout high school made her feel like crying from exhaustion every night, she would do anything for her family. 

“It’s definitely not easy sharing some of the things that you’ve been through with, like really a stranger,” she says, “because you don’t know who’s reading it.”

And especially after the Supreme Court ruled against affirmative action, Ms. Sheikh felt she needed to write about her cultural identity. It’s a core part of who she is, but it’s also a major part of why her father’s mental illness affected her life so profoundly. 

Ms. Sheikh, the daughter of Pakistani immigrants, said her family became isolated because of the negative stigma surrounding mental health in their South Asian culture. She said they became the point of gossip in the community and even among extended family members, and they were excluded from many social gatherings. This was happening as she was watching the typical high school experiences pass her by, she wrote. Because of the long hours she had to work, she had to forgo the opportunity to try out for the girls’ basketball team and debate club, and often couldn’t justify cutting back her hours to spend time with her friends.  

She wrote that reflecting on one of her favorite passages in the Holy Quran gave her hope:

“One of my favorite ayahs, ‘verily, with every hardship comes ease,’ serves as a timeless reminder that adversity is not the end; rather, there is always light on the other side,” Ms. Sheikh wrote.

Her perseverance paid off, with admission to Princeton University.

-- Olivia Sanchez

Besides the financial responsibility on my mother and I, we had to deal with the stigma surrounding mental health in South Asian culture and the importance of upholding traditional gender roles. My family became a point of great gossip within the local Pakistani community and even extended family. Slowly, the invitations to social gatherings diminished, and I bailed on plans with friends because I couldn’t afford to miss even a single hour of earnings.

David Arturo Munoz-Matta of McAllen, Texas: Weighing the risks of being honest

It was Nov. 30 and David Arturo Munoz-Matta had eight college essays due the next day. He had spent the prior weeks slammed with homework while also grieving the loss of his uncle who had just died. He knew the essays were going to require all the mental energy he could muster – not to mention whatever hours were left in the day. But he got home from school to discover he had no electricity. 

“I was like, ‘What am I gonna do?’” says Mr. Munoz-Matta, who graduated from Lamar Academy in McAllen, Texas. “I was panicking for a while, and my mom was like, ‘You know what? I’m just gonna drop you off at Starbucks and then just call me when you finish with all your essays.’ And so I was there at Starbucks from 4 until 12 in the morning.” 

The personal statement he agonized over most was the one he submitted to Georgetown University.  

“I don’t want to be mean or anything, but I feel like a lot of these institutions are very elitist, and that my story might not resonate with the admissions officers,” Mr. Munoz-Matta says. “It was a very big risk, especially when I said I was born in Mexico, when I said I grew up in an abusive environment. I believed at the time that would not be good for universities, that they might feel like, ‘I don’t want this kid, he won’t be a good fit with the student body.’”

He didn’t have an adult to help him with his essay, but another student encouraged him to be honest. It worked. He got into his dream school, Georgetown University, with a full ride. Many of his peers were not as fortunate. 

“I know because of the affirmative action decision, a lot of my friends did not even apply to these universities, like the Ivies, because they felt like they were not going to get in,” he says. “That was a very big sentiment in my school.”                       

– Meredith Kolodner  

While many others in my grade level had lawyers and doctors for parents and came from exemplary middle schools at the top of their classes, I was the opposite. I came into Lamar without middle school recognition, recalling my 8th-grade science teacher’s claim that I would never make it. At Lamar, freshman year was a significant challenge as I constantly struggled, feeling like I had reached my wit’s end. By the middle of Freshman year, I was the only kid left from my middle school, since everyone else had dropped out. Rather than following suit, I kept going. I felt like I had something to prove to myself because I knew I could make it.

Kendall Martin of Austin, Texas: From frustration to love

Kendall Martin wanted to be clear with college admissions officers about one thing: She is a young Black woman, and her race is central to who she is. Ms. Martin was ranked 15th in her graduating class from KIPP Austin Collegiate. She was a key figure on her high school basketball team. She wanted colleges to know she had overcome adversity. But most importantly, Ms. Martin says, she wanted to be sure, when her application was reviewed, “Y’all know who you are accepting.”

It wouldn’t be as simple as checking a box, though, which led Ms. Martin, of Kyle, Texas, to the topic she chose for her college admissions essay, the year after the Supreme Court said race could not be a factor in college admissions. Instead, she looked at the hair framing her face, hair still scarred from being straightened time and again. 

Ms. Martin wrote about the struggles she faced growing up with hair that she says required extensive time to tame so she could simply run her fingers through it. Now headed to Rice University in Houston – her first choice from a half-dozen options – she included a photo of her braids as part of her application. Her essay described her journey from hating her hair to embracing it, from heat damage to learning to braid, from frustration to love, a feeling she now hopes to inspire in her sister.  

“That’s what I wanted to get across: my growing up, my experiences, everything that made me who I am,” she says.

–  Nirvi Shah

I’m still recovering from the heat damage I caused by straightening my hair every day, because I was so determined to prove that I had length. When I was younger, a lot of my self worth was based on how long my hair was, so when kids made fun of my “short hair,” I despised my curls more and more. I begged my mom to let me get a relaxer, but she continued to deny my wish. This would make me so angry, because who was she to tell me what I could and couldn’t do with my hair? But looking back, I’m so glad she never let me. I see now that a relaxer wasn’t the key to making me prettier, and my love for my curls has reached an all-time high. 

This story about  college admission essays  was produced by  The Hechinger Report , a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for Hechinger’s  higher education newsletter . Listen to Hechinger’s  higher education podcast .

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Best AI Essay Writing Tools for Students (2024)

In 2024, AI writing tools have become very helpful, especially for students with lots of writing assignments. These tools can help with everything from coming up with ideas and creating content to editing and polishing your work. 

While AI won’t replace your creativity, it can help with the boring and repetitive parts of writing. But with so many AI writing tools available, it can be hard to know which ones are the best. 

In this article, we’ll look at the top AI writing tools in 2024. We’ll talk about what they can do, how they can help you, and which tasks they’re best for. Whether you need help brainstorming, drafting, or editing, these tools can make your writing easier and better. 

Let’s get right in!

Criteria for Good AI Essay Writing Tools

When choosing an AI essay writing tool, it’s important to consider the following criteria:

• Ease of Use: Easy interface for smooth navigation.
• Quality Output: Generates well-written and clear essays.
• Customization: Allows adjusting writing style and complexity.
• Plagiarism Detection: Checks for copied content reliably.
• Research Capabilities: Assists in finding accurate and relevant information.
• Affordability: Cost-effective for students’ budgets.
• Support: Offers reliable customer assistance and additional resources.

We have made sure that all the tools mentioned in this post meet the criteria for a good AI writing tool. 

Overview of Best AI Writing Tools & Their Winning Features

Here is an overview of the AI writing tools with their best features and pricing:

MyEssayWriter.ai – Easy to Use With Free Features

This essay writer simplifies the writing process, so you can focus on your ideas instead of worrying about the technical stuff. Moreover, MyEssayWriter.ai offers free features you can use to make writing easier.

• User-Friendly Website: It’s easy to find what you need and use the tools.
• Free Features Available: You can use some of the tools for free, which is great for students on a budget.
• Different Academic Levels: Whether you need content for high school or Doctoral level, you can adjust the writing according to your needs.

The free trial does not provide access to premium features. 

Additional Tools:

• Humanizer Tool: Makes your writing sound more like a person wrote it, which is helpful for making your essays sound natural.
• Paraphrasing Tool: This helps you rewrite sentences in a new way, which can make your writing more original and interesting.

You can sign up for a free trial, but their basic plan starts at just $9.99/month. 

PerfectEssayWriter.ai – Plagiarism-Free Content in Multiple Languages

Whether you’re writing a research paper or analyzing literature, PerfectEssayWriter.ai gives you the tools to write, improve, and get ideas for your paper. 

• Multiple Languages: It can generate content in up to 20 different languages.
• Plagiarism-Free Content: It never repeats the same content and always provides unique content even on the same prompt.
• Customized Content: You can add extra details or any specific requirements you may have about the content you want.

The speed might be compromised if your internet connection is slow. 

• Citation Machine: Helps in generating citations in different formats.
• Sentence Rewriter: Rewrites sentences for clarity and originality.

It allows you to sign up for a free trial. The paid basic plan starts at just $9.99/month. 

CollegeEssay.org AI’s Essay Writer: Fast & Efficient Essay Generator

CollegeEssay.org AI generates essays quickly and accurately, helping students with their academic needs. Whether you’re short on time or need help with the content, this essay generator delivers well-researched essays quickly. 

From informative essays to argumentative writing, CollegeEssay.org AI provides reliable information and structured writing help. 

• Fast Generator: Generates an essay in seconds which saves time in essay creation.
• Accurate Information: Provides reliable and accurate content for essays.
• Learns and Adapts: This tool learns and adapts to your writing style and refines the content accordingly. 

There are limited customization tools for students to use. 

Additional Feature:

Essay Writing Service: If you feel that you need human help in addition to AI, then they have 250+ experienced writers who are ready to provide professional essay writing services.

The price for a premium plan starts at $7.99/month. 

Quillbot – Paraphrasing and Improving Content

Whether you’re writing an essay or polishing a report, Quillbot’s simple interface makes writing easier. From basic sentence improvements to detailed grammar checks, Quillbot meets various writing needs.

• Free to Use: Basic features are available at no cost.
• User-friendly: Simple interface for easy navigation.
• No-Limit to Use: You can use the paraphraser as many times as you wish. 

The paraphraser has a limit of 125 words only. 

Additional Tool:

• Grammar Checker: Helps in improving grammar and sentence structure.

You can sign up for a free plan, but if you want access to all features, Quillbot offers a monthly plan for $9.95. 

Jasper.ai – Best for Marketers and Bloggers

• Creative Writing: It provides creative content and maintains writing quality for marketers.
• Target Audience: It provides content suitable for the target audience for the business.
• Knowledge-based Content: It generates marketing campaigns according to your brand’s pre-design.

Their higher pricing is not feasible for individuals on budgets.

• Provides Product Descriptions: Provides product descriptions formatted according to Amazon or your website. 
• Generates Marketing Ideas: Offers ideas and insights to inspire marketing campaigns and strategies.

Their pricing starts at $49/month for one seat with a 7-day free trial. 

Wrapping Up!

In this article, we’ve looked at some of the best AI writing tools available today. Each tool was tested to make sure it’s easy to use, writes well, and fits a student’s budget. 

From MyEssayWriter.ai to PerfectEssayWriter.ai and others like CollegeEssay.org AI, Quillbot, and Jasper, these tools offer different features to help with essays and research papers.

Whether you need help brainstorming, drafting, or editing, these AI tools can make writing easier and your work better. They’re designed to support students throughout their academic writing journey, providing tools for faster, more accurate writing.

Each tool has its pros and cons, and you can select the one that best meets your needs. 

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How to Write a Business Plan: Your Step-by-Step Guide

So, you’ve got an idea and you want to start a business —great! Before you do anything else, like seek funding or build out a team, you'll need to know how to write a business plan. This plan will serve as the foundation of your company while also giving investors and future employees a clear idea of your purpose.

Below, Lauren Cobello, Founder and CEO of Leverage with Media PR , gives her best advice on how to make a business plan for your company.

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What is a business plan, and when do you need one?

According to Cobello, a business plan is a document that contains the mission of the business and a brief overview of it, as well as the objectives, strategies, and financial plans of the founder. A business plan comes into play very early on in the process of starting a company—more or less before you do anything else.

“You should start a company with a business plan in mind—especially if you plan to get funding for the company,” Cobello says. “You’re going to need it.”

Whether that funding comes from a loan, an investor, or crowdsourcing, a business plan is imperative to secure the capital, says the U.S. Small Business Administration . Anyone who’s considering giving you money is going to want to review your business plan before doing so. That means before you head into any meeting, make sure you have physical copies of your business plan to share.

Different types of business plans

The four main types of business plans are:

Startup Business Plans

Internal business plans, strategic business plans, one-page business plans.

Let's break down each one:

If you're wondering how to write a business plan for a startup, Cobello has advice for you. Startup business plans are the most common type, she says, and they are a critical tool for new business ventures that want funding. A startup is defined as a company that’s in its first stages of operations, founded by an entrepreneur who has a product or service idea.

Most startups begin with very little money, so they need a strong business plan to convince family, friends, banks, and/or venture capitalists to invest in the new company.

Internal business plans “are for internal use only,” says Cobello. This kind of document is not public-facing, only company-facing, and it contains an outline of the company’s business strategy, financial goals and budgets, and performance data.

Internal business plans aren’t used to secure funding, but rather to set goals and get everyone working there tracking towards them.

As the name implies, strategic business plans are geared more towards strategy and they include an assessment of the current business landscape, notes Jérôme Côté, a Business Advisor at BDC Advisory Services .

Unlike a traditional business plan, Cobello adds, strategic plans include a SWOT analysis (which stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) and an in-depth action plan for the next six to 12 months. Strategic plans are action-based and take into account the state of the company and the industry in which it exists.

Although a typical business plan falls between 15 to 30 pages, some companies opt for the much shorter One-Page Business Plan. A one-page business plan is a simplified version of the larger business plan, and it focuses on the problem your product or service is solving, the solution (your product), and your business model (how you’ll make money).

A one-page plan is hyper-direct and easy to read, making it an effective tool for businesses of all sizes, at any stage.

How to create a business plan in 7 steps

Every business plan is different, and the steps you take to complete yours will depend on what type and format you choose. That said, if you need a place to start and appreciate a roadmap, here’s what Cobello recommends:

1. Conduct your research

Before writing your business plan, you’ll want to do a thorough investigation of what’s out there. Who will be the competitors for your product or service? Who is included in the target market? What industry trends are you capitalizing on, or rebuking? You want to figure out where you sit in the market and what your company’s value propositions are. What makes you different—and better?

2. Define your purpose for the business plan

The purpose of your business plan will determine which kind of plan you choose to create. Are you trying to drum up funding, or get the company employees focused on specific goals? (For the former, you’d want a startup business plan, while an internal plan would satisfy the latter.) Also, consider your audience. An investment firm that sees hundreds of potential business plans a day may prefer to see a one-pager upfront and, if they’re interested, a longer plan later.

3. Write your company description

Every business plan needs a company description—aka a summary of the company’s purpose, what they do/offer, and what makes it unique. Company descriptions should be clear and concise, avoiding the use of jargon, Cobello says. Ideally, descriptions should be a few paragraphs at most.

4. Explain and show how the company will make money

A business plan should be centered around the company’s goals, and it should clearly explain how the company will generate revenue. To do this, Cobello recommends using actual numbers and details, as opposed to just projections.

For instance, if the company is already making money, show how much and at what cost (e.g. what was the net profit). If it hasn’t generated revenue yet, outline the plan for how it will—including what the product/service will cost to produce and how much it will cost the consumer.

5. Outline your marketing strategy

How will you promote the business? Through what channels will you be promoting it? How are you going to reach and appeal to your target market? The more specific and thorough you can be with your plans here, the better, Cobello says.

6. Explain how you’ll spend your funding

What will you do with the money you raise? What are the first steps you plan to take? As a founder, you want to instill confidence in your investors and show them that the instant you receive their money, you’ll be taking smart actions that grow the company.

7. Include supporting documents

Creating a business plan is in some ways akin to building a legal case, but for your business. “You want to tell a story, and to be as thorough as possible, while keeping your plan succinct, clear, interesting, and visually appealing,” Cobello says. “Supporting documents could include financial projects, a competitive analysis of the market you’re entering into, and even any licenses, patents, or permits you’ve secured.”

A business plan is an individualized document—it’s ultimately up to you what information to include and what story you tell. But above all, Cobello says, your business plan should have a clear focus and goal in mind, because everything else will build off this cornerstone.

“Many people don’t realize how important business plans are for the health of their company,” she says. “Set aside time to make this a priority for your business, and make sure to keep it updated as you grow.”

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IRS Name Changes for Businesses in Just a Few Steps

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Written by TurboTaxBlogTeam

• Published Jun 26, 2024 - [Updated Jul 2, 2024]

When you file taxes, the name on your tax return has to match your Social Security number (SSN) or employer identification number (EIN). The IRS checks this information to verify your identity. If you’re considering changing your name or the name of your business, you have to follow the correct procedure to ensure your registered name will match the name on your tax return. Read below to find out how you can properly submit a name change ahead of tax season.

Table of Contents

Irs name changes for businesses.

When you file your business taxes , the IRS uses your EIN and business name to identify your business. If you decide to change your business name, an authorized individual will need to submit a name change. An authorized individual is someone who has legal authority to act on behalf of the business. We will provide more details about this process below.

When a business should file an IRS name change

There are lots of reasons you might consider an IRS business name change. One reason for a name change is to rebrand your business to align your brand identity with new goals, new products and/or services, or new target audiences. Your name can play a key role in growing your business — and a bad name can limit growth. If your business name doesn’t stand out or stick in the minds of customers or is outdated, it may be time to change it.

Another reason a business may change names is due to legal issues. If you received a letter from another company demanding that you change your name, it may be a good time to file for an IRS business name change. If you do have to change your business name due to legal issues, make sure your new name isn’t already being used by another organization. You can search the database provided by the US Patent and Trademark Office . Consult an intellectual property attorney if you have any additional questions.

Other common reasons for business name changes are mergers or acquisitions, an attempt to improve market perception, or simply for personal reasons. 

Do you have to notify the IRS if you change your business name?

Notifying the IRS is an essential step when you change your business name. The IRS matches your registered business name to the name on your tax return, so you may have trouble filing the return if the names don’t match. The IRS may not be able to process your tax return, or processing may be delayed. Failing to process your tax return in a timely manner may lead to legal and compliance issues. 

When you send a written notification to the IRS for a business name change, make sure it’s signed by an authorized representative. For sole proprietorships, this would be the business owner or authorized representative. For a partnership, this would be a partner. For corporations, this would be a corporate officer. You have to mail your business name change request to the mailing address in which you would have to send your tax return. 

If you’re filing as a corporation or a partnership, you can check the appropriate box on Form 1120, 1120-S, or 1065 to let the IRS know you’re changing your business name. If you report the name change on the tax return, you don’t have to worry about sending any further notifications. The tax returns with the relative boxes are as follows:

• Form 1120 (Page 1, Line E, Box 3)
• Form 1120-S (Page 1, Line H, Box 2)
• Form 1065 (Page 1, Line G, Box 3)

If you have already filed your tax return for your business, then you can also notify the IRS of a name change via mail. 

Will you need to apply for a new EIN?

Generally, you do not need to apply for a new EIN when you change your business name. However, it may be required and is dependent upon the circumstances as well as the type of business. 

As a sole proprietor, you don’t need to apply for a new EIN if you change the name of your business. As long as you notify the IRS, you can file your taxes with your new business name. However, if you incorporate or take in partners to operate as a partnership, you will be required to obtain a new EIN. 

Corporations don’t typically have to apply for a new EIN after changing names unless the corporation changes its entity classification into a partnership or a sole proprietorship. 

Partnerships also aren’t required to obtain a new EIN for name changes in most cases. However, you will need to apply for a new EIN if you incorporate or if one partner takes over and becomes a sole proprietorship 

If you do need a new EIN for any of the above reasons, you can easily apply for one with the IRS online application . If eligible, you will immediately receive your new EIN. 

SSA name change for individuals

When you file your personal taxes, the name on your tax return also must match the name the Social Security Administration (SSA) has on file for you. If you recently changed your name or are considering a name change, read below for what you need to know.

When you’ll need to file a SSA name change

As an individual, there are a few scenarios where you might need to change your name. While many name changes are due to  a marriage or a divorce, other individuals change their name for personal reasons. 

Regardless of the reason you are changing your name, you need to file a name change with the Social Security Administration. All the names on a tax return, including any dependents you may have, must match the Social Security Administration records. If there is a name mismatch, it can prevent you from electronically filing your return and can also delay the processing of your return. 

In certain states, you can use my Social Security account to change your name online. If you are not a resident of one of the select states, you can start your application online . You  also have the option to fill out the SS-5 application and go to your local SSA office to speak with a SSA representative directly. Whichever way you use to change your name with SSA, your new card will usually arrive within 14 days via mail. 

Once you notify the SSA of your name change, there is no further action that you have to take with the IRS. 

Will you need to apply for a new Social Security number (SSN)?

You don’t need to apply for a new Social Security number when you change your name, In fact, the Social Security Administration only allows you to change your social security number in very limited circumstances, such as identity theft or if you are in danger.

What if you need to change your address, too?

If you recently changed your address, you need to notify the IRS. The process varies depending on the time of year you make this change.

If you changed your address right before filing your tax return, simply use your new address on your tax return, and the IRS will update its records automatically.

You can also complete Form 8822 to change your address with the IRS. Alternatively, you can notify the IRS in writing to the mailing address specified on the IRS website . Make sure to include your:

• Old and new addresses
• SSN, EIN, or taxpayer identification number (TIN)

If you don’t want to notify the IRS via mail, you can call them to let them know you’re changing your address. In order to change your address by phone, your identity will need to be verified. 

Does an IRS name change cost money?

It doesn’t cost you anything to notify the IRS of your name or address change. However, when you decide you want to change your business name or your name as an individual, you will likely incur court and filing fees assessed by your resident state.

No matter what moves you made last year, TurboTax will make them count on your taxes. Whether you want to do your taxes yourself or have a TurboTax expert file for you, we’ll make sure you get every dollar you deserve and your biggest possible refund – guaranteed.

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100+ Motivational Speech Topics That Guarantee Good Grades

Table of Contents

As a high school or college student, there is a very high probability that your tutor will assign you the task of writing a motivational speech essay. Such assignments require you to research keenly on the most inspirational topics on which to base your speech. Most students find the process of researching motivational speech topics quite draining and time-consuming, which is why we have come up with a comprehensive list of motivational speech ideas that will get you started on your path to attaining the top grades that you envision for yourself. 

In this post, we’ll look at a variety of motivational speech topics that will not only captivate the interest of your audience but also equip you with the skills to deliver a speech that has a deep impact. Whether you want to gain insight into how to give an outstanding speech, even as a research paper subject, or get answers to frequently asked questions regarding how to do so effectively, these motivational topics will save the day.  

What Is the Purpose of a Motivational Speech?

Motivational speeches, whether they are inspiring topics for an academic presentation or a one-minute motivational speech for learners, are intended to stoke enthusiasm and inspire progress.

• Explore the basic features of a powerful speech, such as personalized stories that appeal to emotions and a distinct, resonating message. 
• Examine a variety of topics, from inspiring speech ideas to popular motivating topics, and how they relate to young people’s passions and issues. 
• Emphasize the importance of understanding the audience, particularly in an educational environment where an excellent motivational speech must be meaningful and entertaining. 
• Wrap up by reflecting keenly on the intended impact of your speech. 

A well-written motivational speech should use simple language and aim to maintain clarity throughout. Keep it short and precise to maintain your audience’s attention and engagement.

List of Motivational Speech Topics

Crafting a motivational speech can be a challenging task. If you are struggling to come up with ideas to focus your speech on, then here are some brilliant motivational speech topics to inspire you. We have 100+ captivating motivational speech topic ideas broken down into easy-to-access categories.

Motivation Speech Topics for Youth

If you’re looking to write a motivational speech that specifically targets the youth, here are some inspiring motivational speech topics that you can explore.

• How to fully enjoy your high school experience? 
• How to set yourself up for success? 
• Drawing inspiration from successful entrepreneurs. 
• Adopting a healthy lifestyle in your youth.
• When and how to seek mentorship.
• What you need to know about your first job.
• How to protect your mental health? 
• Overcoming adversity and loss.
• Harnessing the power of social media for social impact.
• Youth leadership in the digital age.

Motivational Speech Topics for Students

If you have been assigned to write a motivational speech that specifically targets students on educational and inspirational matters, here are some interesting motivational speech topics that you should consider.

• Life skills: lessons beyond the classroom.
• The role of personal development in a student’s life.
• The role of teachers in a student’s growth.
• Adaptability: embracing innovation in your learning curve.
• Future trends in education.
• Strategies to succeed in school.
• Overcoming change: how to thrive in new environments.
• The role of student leadership in educational institutions.
• How to avoid procrastination and embrace growth? 
• How to overcome exam anxiety? 

Motivation Speech Topics for Business and Management

You may have been asked to write a speech that addresses businesspeople or aspiring business owners. Here are some motivational speech topics that you can implement.

• How to overcome business challenges during hard economic times? 
• Entrepreneurship 101: Coming up with a vision and mission for your business.
• How to build a customer-centered business? 
• How to raise capital for your business? 
• The importance of creating a vision-driven team.
• Teamwork: The value of collaboration and communication in the workplace.
• Financial management: the backbone of every successful business.
• Developing practical leadership skills for business.
• Purpose-driven enterprises: the role of social impact and sustainability in your business.
• Setting goals for your business: how to turn your vision into practical, actionable steps.

Motivational Funny Speech Topics

To create a funny motivational speech, you will require a combination of humor, inspiration and knowledge of the main topic of discussion. Your speech should deliver a serious topic in a funny and inspiring way. Here are a few funny motivational speech topics to consider. 

• How to find humor in stressful situations? 
• Things to do when you don’t know what to do.
• Fun ways to lose weight.
• Going left when nothing seems to go right.
• Why do men have a love-hate relationship with skinny jeans? 
• Fun ways to make money while studying.
• How to believe in yourself when all else fails? 
• Expensive mistakes that you can avoid on your way to success.
• How to kill time when stuck in traffic.
• Ten ways to raise your mood when you feel low.

Motivational Speech Topics About Science and Technology

If you are planning to write a speech that aims to inspire or educate an audience that is interested in science and technology, then you have a lot of research to delve into. Here are a few motivational speech topics that can point you in the right direction.

• What is the difference between astronomy and astrophysics?
• How to embrace the power of Artificial Intelligence? 
• Cybersecurity: What you need to know and apply to your digital space.
• Understanding how the medicine you take works.
• Understanding the power of your gut health.
• Harnessing the power of renewable energy.
• Renewable energy vs environmental conservation: How solar panels affect the environment.
• Next-generation technology in AI.
• Scientific advancements in biomedical technology.
• Exploring the new frontiers of medicine through pharmaceutical technology.

5-Minute Motivational Speech Topics

The secret to delivering a 5-minute speech is to keep it short and sweet while making precise points in simple language. Here are some motivational speech ideas that you can use.

• How to embrace resilience and overcome life challenges.
• Staying motivated in the pursuit of your dreams.
• Embrace the power of positive thinking.
• Five easy ways to unleash your creativity.
• How to become a better friend? 
• The importance of self-care.
• How to tell when you’re procrastinating? 
• How to prepare for your exam? 
• Ten simple ways to grow your confidence.
• Finding your purpose and working towards it.

Inspirational Speech Topics

If you are looking for some passion speech ideas , we have some motivational speech topics to get you started.

• Unleashing your potential: a personal growth journey.
• The path to self-mastery: personal development strategies.
• Turning ambitions into realities.
• The art of becoming your most excellent self.
• Personal excellence: goal setting and achievement.
• Conquering personal development challenges.
• Self-reflection: crucial to personal growth.
• Developing a healthy self-perception.
• The power of psychological fortitude.
• Lifelong learning: the journey to professional growth.

Motivational Speech Topics About Sport

When addressing an audience of sportspeople, you need to ignite them into winning the game ahead of them. Here are some ignite speech topics that you can explore:

• How physical exercise promotes mental wellness.
• Benefits of fostering team spirit in sports.
• Why do we need more inclusive policies in sports for players with disabilities?
• The vital role of equal sports coverage of female sports.
• Why it is important to encourage children to participate in sports activities.
• Do the benefits of hosting an international sports event outweigh the costs?
• Using sports as a tool for community development and social change.
• We need to encourage more women to participate in male-dominated sports.
• The importance of implementing safety measures in contact sports.
• The role of sports in building resilience and coping skills.

Motivational Speech Topics on Government and Politics

Political issues are often difficult to tackle, so we have compiled a list of motivational speech topics to make your work easier. Use these motivational topics to jumpstart your assignment. 

• Youth leadership in politics: promoting involvement and public participation.
• Promoting social and criminal justice: fostering fairness and diversity in government policies.
• Environmental policy aims to promote environmentally conscious choices for a more sustainable future. 
• Human rights and activism aim to inspire progress and promote justice.
• Political leadership: developing moral and effective administration.
• Civic engagement: emphasizing the value of voting and participation in legislative institutions.
• Motivating a career of dedication and impact in government.
• Fighting corruption: promoting transparency and accountability in politics.
• Improving humanity and inclusion in immigration and refugee policies.
• Encouraging international partnerships and peaceful resolutions through diplomacy.

Medical Persuasive Speech Topics

If you are looking for motivational speech topics to address medical issues, you can build on these ideas of motivational topics .

• The human body: revealing the mysteries and the wonders of human biology.
• Medical research: advancing scientific findings and innovative medical developments.
• The healthcare champions: inspiring the advancement of medical careers.
• Global health equity: driving efforts to enhance access to excellent healthcare. 
• Global disease prevention efforts aim to promote healthy lifestyles and wellness.
• Understanding medical ethics: inspiring ethical decision-making in medical services.
• The impact of healthcare education: motivating the next generation of qualified and ethical healthcare workers.
• Mental health awareness: promoting understanding and providing assistance for mental health.
• Developments in Modern Medicine: Promoting customized treatment.
• Advances in medical technologies: Fostering cutting-edge diagnostics and therapeutics.

Motivational topics encourage people to examine their lives closely and transform them for the better. Although a motivational speaker plays a vital role in strengthening a person’s resolve to achieve a higher quality of life, they often struggle to come up with catchy and empowering motivational speech topics. Using these inspirational speech ideas and motivational speech topics guarantees that you will create a winning speech.

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2024 Open Submissions

CavanKerry Press accepts submissions for poetry collections, nonfiction essay collections, and memoir. Selected titles will be published by CavanKerry Press and receive national distribution.

CavanKerry Press publishes works that explore the emotional and psychological landscapes of everyday life , regardless of the author's prior publication history. We are particularly interested in receiving more work from queer, trans, and BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, and People of Color) voices and are committed to publishing a diverse roster of authors each year. With our LaurelBooks: The Literature of Illness and Disability imprint, CavanKerry is also especially engaged with work from people living with physical and/or mental illness and disability. Our Florenz Eisman Memorial Collection features authors from our home state of New Jersey.

All poetry manuscripts must be a minimum of 50 pages and should not be much longer than 100 pages. Nonfiction manuscripts should not be much longer than 200 pages.

• Submit your previously unpublished manuscript with a table of contents.
• Manuscript should be formatted on a Word document or .PDF using a standard font (such as Times New Roman or Calibri) and standard margins. Prose entries should be formatted with 1 and 1/2 or double spacing,
• All manuscripts will be read anonymously. Please do not include your name on any pages of the manuscript. Manuscripts with personally identifying information may be rejected without consideration. Search (Ctrl-F) or use the Find and Replace (Ctrl-H) tool for your first name and last name individually and either delete your name or replace it with XXXXXX. 
• Include a cover letter with the following information: 
• title of the manuscript
• author name
• telephone number
• email address
• social media handles and website address if applicable

Individual poems or essays in a manuscript may have been previously published in magazines, journals, or anthologies, but the work as a whole should be a new, unpublished collection.

Simultaneous submissions to other publishers are permitted. Please notify Gabriel Cleveland , Director/Managing Editor, promptly if a manuscript is accepted elsewhere. The first round of submissions will be read by a diverse pool of outside readers, with subsequent rounds being read by CavanKerry authors and our editorial staff. Final decisions will be made by CavanKerry staff based on the quality of work and its alignment with our commitment to expanding the reach of poetry to a general readership. Decisions regarding acceptance of manuscripts for publications will be made by the end of February the following year. Please do not contact us with inquiries on the status of your submission until this period of time has ended.

For extended guidelines, please refer to https://cavankerrypress.submittable.com/submit

CavanKerry Press does not discriminate against any applicant on the basis of race, color, religion, orientation, identity, national origin, political affiliation, belief, age, or disability. Upon request, accommodation will be provided to allow individuals with disabilities to utilize CavanKerry’s services.

CavanKerry Press will make a reasonable effort to remove barriers at events locations and, where possible, choose barrier-free venues. CavanKerry Press has a designated coordinator to facilitate compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as required by Section 35.107 of the US Department of Justice regulations, and to coordinate compliance with sections 504 and 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.