drugs and substance abuse essay

Essay on Drug/ Substance Abuse

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Drug and substance abuse remains one of the most challenging and destructive problems facing societies worldwide. It refers to the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs. This essay aims to delve into the complexities of drug and substance abuse, examining its causes, effects, and the crucial steps needed to address this epidemic.

Drug and Substance Abuse

Drug and Substance Abuse involves the recurrent use of drugs or substances leading to significant impairment, including health problems, disability, and failure to meet responsibilities at work, school, or home. This includes the misuse of legal substances like alcohol and prescription medications, as well as illegal substances like heroin, cocaine, and methamphetamines.

Causes of Drug and Substance Abuse

The reasons behind drug and substance abuse are multifaceted and can vary from individual to individual:

• Genetic Predisposition : Research indicates a genetic component to the susceptibility to substance abuse.
• Mental Health Disorders : Many individuals with mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, or PTSD turn to substances as a form of self-medication.
• Peer Pressure : Particularly among adolescents and young adults, peer pressure can significantly influence substance use.
• Stressful Life Events : Traumatic experiences, chronic stress, or life-changing events can lead to substance abuse as a coping mechanism.
• Curiosity and Experimentation : Often, particularly in young individuals, there’s a desire to experiment, which can lead to misuse and addiction.

Effects of Drug and Substance Abuse

Drug and substance abuse, a major public health challenge, affects individuals, families, and communities across the globe. This essay explores the multifaceted effects of drug and substance abuse, including physical health, mental well-being, social relationships, and broader societal impacts.

Physical Health Effects

Immediate physical effects.

• Altered State of Consciousness : Substances like alcohol, marijuana, and hallucinogens alter perception, mood, and consciousness.
• Overdose Risk : Excessive consumption of drugs can lead to overdose, potentially resulting in coma or death.
• Infectious Diseases : Intravenous drug use increases the risk of diseases like HIV and Hepatitis B and C due to needle sharing.

Long-Term Health Effects

• Organ Damage : Chronic substance abuse can lead to severe damage to vital organs like the liver (cirrhosis), heart, and brain.
• Neurological Impact : Long-term effects on the brain can include memory loss, cognitive decline, and mental health disorders.
• Physical Dependency : Prolonged use leads to dependency, where the body requires the substance to function normally.

Mental Health and Psychological Effects

• Mental Health Disorders : Substance abuse can trigger or exacerbate mental health conditions like depression, anxiety, and psychosis.
• Behavioral Changes : Changes in behavior, such as increased aggression or impulsivity, are common.
• Cognitive Impairments : Drugs can impair decision-making abilities, judgment, and other cognitive functions.

Social and Relationship Impacts

• Family Dynamics : Drug abuse can strain family relationships, leading to conflict, mistrust, and breakdown of family structures.
• Workplace Issues : It affects job performance, leading to decreased productivity, absenteeism, and higher risk of accidents.
• Legal Problems : Substance abuse can result in legal issues, including arrests for possession, driving under the influence, or engaging in illegal activities to support the addiction.

Societal and Economic Impacts

• Healthcare Costs : Treating drug-related health complications burdens healthcare systems.
• Crime and Safety : There’s a correlation between substance abuse and increased crime rates, impacting community safety.
• Economic Burden : The economic impact includes loss of productivity, healthcare expenses, and law enforcement costs.

Prevention and Treatment

• Education and Awareness : Programs aimed at educating individuals about the risks of drug use are crucial.
• Rehabilitation Programs : Effective treatment programs, including therapy and medication-assisted treatment, help individuals recover.
• Support Systems : Family, community, and peer support are vital in the recovery process.

Addressing Drug and Substance Abuse

• Prevention Programs : Education and awareness programs, particularly targeting young people, are crucial in preventing substance abuse.
• Treatment and Rehabilitation : Access to effective treatment, including counseling, medication, and support groups, is vital for recovery.
• Policy and Regulation : Government policies to regulate the availability of substances, and laws to address drug trafficking and misuse, play a critical role.
• Community Support : Community-based efforts, including support from families, schools, and religious organizations, are essential in supporting those affected.

The Role of Society and Individuals

• Destigmatization : Removing the stigma around substance abuse and addiction encourages individuals to seek help.
• Educational Initiatives : Schools and universities should have programs to educate students about the dangers of substance abuse.
• Role Models : Influential figures and celebrities should promote healthy lifestyles and speak out against substance abuse.
• Supportive Environment : Creating an environment that fosters open discussion and support for those struggling with substance abuse.

In conclusion, Drug and substance abuse is a complex issue requiring a multifaceted approach. It is not just a personal problem but a societal challenge that calls for comprehensive prevention strategies, effective treatment programs, supportive policies, and community involvement. Understanding and addressing the root causes, along with providing support and care for those affected, is crucial in mitigating the impact of this global issue. For students participating in essay competitions, exploring this topic provides an opportunity to contribute to a critical dialogue, advocating for change and supporting those in need.

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106 Substance Abuse Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

Inside This Article

Substance abuse is a prevalent issue that affects millions of individuals worldwide. From alcohol and prescription drugs to illegal substances like cocaine and heroin, the misuse of these substances can have devastating consequences on one's physical and mental health, relationships, and overall well-being.

If you're tasked with writing an essay on substance abuse but are struggling to come up with a topic, look no further. Here are 106 substance abuse essay topic ideas and examples to help you get started:

• The impact of substance abuse on the brain
• The relationship between childhood trauma and substance abuse
• The role of genetics in predisposing individuals to substance abuse
• The correlation between mental health disorders and substance abuse
• The effects of substance abuse on pregnancy and fetal development
• The societal stigma surrounding substance abuse
• The link between substance abuse and crime
• The dangers of mixing alcohol and prescription medications
• The rise of synthetic drugs and their impact on society
• The effectiveness of drug rehabilitation programs
• The role of peer pressure in substance abuse among adolescents
• The impact of substance abuse on academic performance
• The connection between substance abuse and homelessness
• The portrayal of substance abuse in the media
• The role of prescription drug monitoring programs in combating substance abuse
• The benefits of harm reduction strategies for individuals struggling with substance abuse
• The relationship between substance abuse and domestic violence
• The impact of substance abuse on the LGBTQ+ community
• The challenges of addressing substance abuse in rural communities
• The role of cultural factors in shaping attitudes towards substance abuse
• The connection between substance abuse and unemployment
• The effectiveness of drug courts in reducing recidivism among substance abusers
• The impact of substance abuse on veterans and military personnel
• The dangers of driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol
• The role of social media in promoting substance abuse
• The relationship between substance abuse and risky sexual behavior
• The impact of substance abuse on families and relationships
• The effectiveness of needle exchange programs in reducing the spread of infectious diseases among substance abusers
• The connection between substance abuse and self-harm
• The role of trauma-informed care in treating individuals with a history of substance abuse
• The benefits of peer support groups for individuals in recovery from substance abuse
• The impact of substance abuse on healthcare costs
• The relationship between substance abuse and chronic illnesses
• The challenges of addressing substance abuse in the workplace
• The role of prescription drug monitoring programs in combating the opioid epidemic
• The effectiveness of medication-assisted treatment for opioid addiction
• The impact of substance abuse on the criminal justice system
• The relationship between substance abuse and mental health stigma
• The dangers of substance abuse among college students
• The role of trauma in triggering substance abuse relapse
• The connection between substance abuse and eating disorders
• The challenges of addressing substance abuse in minority communities
• The benefits of mindfulness meditation in addiction recovery
• The relationship between substance abuse and post-traumatic stress disorder
• The impact of substance abuse on the developing adolescent brain
• The role of peer support groups in addiction recovery
• The connection between substance abuse and spiritual well-being
• The challenges of addressing substance abuse in the elderly population
• The effectiveness of motivational interviewing in addiction treatment
• The impact of substance abuse on sleep patterns
• The relationship between substance abuse and chronic pain
• The dangers of synthetic cannabinoids and bath salts
• The role of genetics in determining an individual's susceptibility to addiction
• The connection between substance abuse and child abuse
• The impact of substance abuse on the immune system
• The benefits of exercise in addiction recovery
• The relationship between substance abuse and gambling addiction
• The challenges of addressing substance abuse in the LGBTQ+ community
• The connection between substance abuse and trauma
• The relationship between substance abuse and homelessness
• The dangers of mixing alcohol and energy drinks
• The benefits of community-based addiction treatment programs
• The relationship between substance abuse and suicide
• The impact of substance abuse on liver function
• The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy in addiction treatment
• The impact of substance abuse on memory and cognition
• The relationship between substance abuse and personality disorders
• The connection between substance abuse and domestic violence
• The benefits of art therapy in addiction recovery
• The relationship between substance abuse and eating disorders
• The connection between substance abuse and chronic pain
• The dangers of synthetic drugs like K2 and Spice
• The connection between substance abuse and risky sexual behavior

These 106 substance abuse essay topic ideas and examples cover a wide range of issues related to substance abuse, providing you with plenty of options to choose from for your essay. Whether you're interested in exploring the biological, psychological, or social aspects of substance abuse, there's a topic on this list that will pique your interest. Good luck with your essay!

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Essay on Drug Abuse

Here we have shared the Essay on Drug Abuse in detail so you can use it in your exam or assignment of 150, 250, 400, 500, or 1000 words.

You can use this Essay on Drug Abuse in any assignment or project whether you are in school (class 10th or 12th), college, or preparing for answer writing in competitive exams. 

Topics covered in this article.

Essay on Drug Abuse in 150 words

Essay on drug abuse in 250-300 words, essay on drug abuse in 500-1000 words.

Drug abuse is a global issue that poses serious risks to individuals and society. It involves the harmful and excessive use of drugs, leading to physical and mental health problems. Drug abuse can result in addiction, organ damage, cognitive impairment, and social and economic difficulties. Prevention efforts should focus on education, raising awareness about the dangers of drug abuse, and promoting healthy lifestyles. Access to quality healthcare and addiction treatment services is crucial for recovery. Strengthening law enforcement measures against drug trafficking is necessary to address the supply side of the problem. Creating supportive environments and opportunities for positive engagement can help prevent drug abuse. By taking collective action, we can combat drug abuse and build healthier communities.

Drug abuse is a growing global concern that poses significant risks to individuals, families, and communities. It refers to the excessive and harmful use of drugs, both legal and illegal, that have negative effects on physical and mental health.

Drug abuse has severe consequences for individuals and society. Physically, drug abuse can lead to addiction, damage vital organs, and increase the risk of overdose. Mentally, it can cause cognitive impairment, and psychological disorders, and deteriorate overall well-being. Additionally, drug abuse often leads to social and economic problems, such as strained relationships, loss of employment, and criminal activities.

Preventing drug abuse requires a multi-faceted approach. Education and awareness programs play a crucial role in informing individuals about the dangers of drug abuse and promoting healthy lifestyle choices. Access to quality healthcare and addiction treatment services is vital to help individuals recover from substance abuse. Strengthening law enforcement efforts to curb drug trafficking and promoting international cooperation is also essential to address the supply side of the issue.

Community support and a nurturing environment are critical in preventing drug abuse. Creating opportunities for individuals, especially young people, to engage in positive activities and providing social support systems can serve as protective factors against drug abuse.

In conclusion, drug abuse is a significant societal problem with detrimental effects on individuals and communities. It requires a comprehensive approach involving education, prevention, treatment, and enforcement. By addressing the root causes, raising awareness, and providing support to those affected, we can combat drug abuse and create a healthier and safer society for all.

Title: Drug Abuse – A Global Crisis Demanding Urgent Action

Introduction :

Drug abuse is a pressing global issue that poses significant risks to individuals, families, and communities. It refers to the excessive and harmful use of drugs, both legal and illegal, that have detrimental effects on physical and mental health. This essay explores the causes and consequences of drug abuse, the social and economic impact, prevention and treatment strategies, and the importance of raising awareness and fostering supportive communities in addressing this crisis.

Causes and Factors Contributing to Drug Abuse

Several factors contribute to drug abuse. Genetic predisposition, peer pressure, stress, trauma, and environmental influences play a role in initiating substance use. The availability and accessibility of drugs, as well as societal norms and cultural acceptance, also influence drug abuse patterns. Additionally, underlying mental health issues and co-occurring disorders can drive individuals to self-medicate with drugs.

Consequences of Drug Abuse

Drug abuse has devastating consequences on individuals and society. Physically, drug abuse can lead to addiction, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms. Substance abuse affects vital organs, impairs cognitive function, and increases the risk of accidents and injuries. Mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and psychosis, are often associated with drug abuse. Substance abuse also takes a toll on relationships, leading to strained family dynamics, social isolation, and financial instability. The social and economic costs of drug abuse include increased healthcare expenses, decreased productivity, and the burden on criminal justice systems.

Prevention and Education

Preventing drug abuse requires a comprehensive and multi-faceted approach. Education and awareness programs are essential in schools, communities, and the media to inform individuals about the risks and consequences of drug abuse. Promoting healthy coping mechanisms, stress management skills, and decision-making abilities can empower individuals to resist peer pressure and make informed choices. Early intervention programs that identify at-risk individuals and provide support and resources are crucial in preventing substance abuse.

Treatment and Recovery

Access to quality healthcare and evidence-based addiction treatment is vital in addressing drug abuse. Treatment options include detoxification, counseling, behavioral therapies, and medication-assisted treatments. Rehabilitation centers, support groups, and outpatient programs provide a continuum of care for individuals seeking recovery. Holistic approaches, such as addressing co-occurring mental health disorders and promoting healthy lifestyles, contribute to successful long-term recovery. Support from family, friends, and communities plays a significant role in sustaining recovery and preventing relapse.

Law Enforcement and Drug Policies

Effective law enforcement efforts are necessary to disrupt drug trafficking and dismantle illicit drug networks. International cooperation and collaboration are crucial in combating the global drug trade. Additionally, drug policies should focus on a balanced approach that combines law enforcement with prevention, treatment, and harm reduction strategies. Shifting the emphasis from punitive measures toward prevention and rehabilitation can lead to more effective outcomes.

Creating Supportive Communities:

Fostering supportive communities is vital in addressing drug abuse. Communities should provide resources, social support networks, and opportunities for positive engagement. This includes promoting healthy recreational activities, providing vocational training, and creating safe spaces for individuals in recovery. Reducing the stigma associated with drug abuse and encouraging empathy and understanding are crucial to building a compassionate and supportive environment.

Conclusion :

Drug abuse remains a complex and multifaceted issue with far-reaching consequences. By addressing the causes, raising awareness, implementing preventive measures, providing quality treatment and support services, and fostering supportive communities, we can combat drug abuse and alleviate its impact. It requires collaboration and a collective effort from individuals, communities, governments, and organizations to build a society that is resilient against the scourge of drug abuse. Through education, prevention, treatment, and compassion, we can pave the way toward a healthier and drug-free future.

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Drug and Substance Abuse

Drug and substance abuse has become one of the primary social issue across different geographical positions in different states with almost 11.7% of the total population in the world being victims. The issue of drug and substance abuse are brought about by a number of factors which are not limited to peer pressure, parental influence, socioeconomic factors and unemployment. The consumption of drugs also come along with various effect affecting both the society and the individual and some of the examples include Psychopathology effects, Spread of diseases, Premature deaths and Increase in crime rates

Introduction

Teenage drug and substance misuse is a global issue. The usage of drugs and other substances by millions of young people threatens the next generation. Youths all around the world have now experimented with a variety of drugs, from alcohol and cigarettes to harder substances like cocaine, cannabis, and heroin. Over the years, drug misuse rates have been rising. In the world, between 153 million and 300 million persons between the ages of 15 and 64 have used illegal substances. Numerous projects and organizations have focused on this problem and attempted to provide solutions. Drug addiction among young people and teens has become widespread around the world, from industrialized to emerging nations, including well-known nations and states like the US, Germany, and China. Adolescents frequently abuse alcohol, cigarettes, cannabis, and cocaine, among other drugs (City Colleges of Chicago – Substance Abuse, 11). Teenagers have been using drugs, which has led to significant addiction that interferes with their personal lives and has an impact on those close to them. Despite being aware of the negative impacts of drug addiction, young people continue to do so. The purpose of this paper is to outline the main causes and consequences of teen drug abuse.

Causes of Drug Abuse

Peer pressure, parental influence, socioeconomic factors, and other factors are only a few of the reasons of drug misuse that have been scientifically recognized and studied. The majority of young people choose to associate with what are known as peer groups. The majority of people get their first dosage of illicit substances from a friend, member of their family, or a love interest. In this situation, a small percentage of drug users in a group will likely persuade the other users to take drugs as well (Chicago drug and alcohol free campus, 25). The living environment in which people spend the majority of their time has a significant impact on them most of the time. Peer groups typically emerge in one’s immediate surroundings, particularly in young settings like schools, neighborhoods, and social organizations.

Family structure

Personal characteristics are influenced by family behavior and family structure. The majority of contemporary families seek to pursue classy, westernized lifestyles. The majority of the time, a conventional family is connected with ignorance. Cultural values have deteriorated in today’s environment, which has a negative impact on social standards.

Peer relationship

Researchers studied social theories and came to the conclusion that since family and peer interactions are crucial in defining people’s views and behaviors, they should be taken into consideration while analyzing the reasons of drug misuse. Strong traditional family ties are really eroding with time, and old value systems are becoming less significant in the modern world as a result of rising migration and urbanization rates. Nowadays, the majority of parents are observed openly taking drugs and alcohol in front of their kids. This relationship is also forced by congested metropolitan areas.

Social economic status

Another significant contributing factor to drug misuse is socioeconomic position. Population growth rates are alarmingly high worldwide, and several economic difficulties are being faced. One of the key determinants of drug usage and illegal drug trafficking is unemployment. People are seeking for alternate methods of surviving as a result of the widespread unemployment that now exists, particularly in emerging nations.

Unemployment

However, there are other socioeconomic factors that influence young people’s drug usage and addiction in addition to unemployment. Others include the unequal distribution of money to adolescents in industrialized nations, which influences drug usage in the majority of young people. If provided to young people without proper oversight, the money might act as a stimulant for drug misuse and addiction. Due to the income gap, those with low wages may feel pressured to trade drugs, as was described before.

Effects of Drug Abuse

Drug misuse is a risky behavior that can have a number of grave consequences. Drug abusers frequently experience a wide range of negative side effects, from psychological issues to societal repercussions. Drug misuse results in psychological illnesses, which are harmful to health. The psychological effects of drug misuse might manifest right away or even years or even decades after the abuser.

Psychopathology effects

According to clinical data, heavy drug use can cause psychopathology before, during, and even after receiving medical care and going through recovery. Drug misuse among kids and teens therefore causes mental problems, including posttraumatic disorders and emotional syndromes among others, because the adolescent stage is a vital time in human development (Chicago drug and alcohol free campus 16). These conditions have an undesirable impact on personal growth and development and may have long-term negative implications on a person’s ability to lead a fulfilling adult life.

Spread of diseases

The spread of the most dangerous infectious illnesses, including HIV/AIDS, has frequently been linked to drug misuse. People who were using drugs at the time of their exposure to the fatal sickness have been uncovered. Drug addiction entails sharing of personal goods in addition to the risk of contracting infectious illnesses when intoxicated. Injecting drugs entails a significant risk of contracting blood-borne viruses including HIV, hepatitis C, and hepatitis B, and sharing infected needles and syringes is a major method of transmission for those viruses, according to a new international assessment. Doctors and medical professionals have pointed out drug misuse as one of the main factors contributing to the development of infectious illnesses on several occasions. Drug misuse typically results in reckless behavior, which forces people to partake in additional risky activities including unprotected sex, prostitution, criminality, and violence, all of which raise the chance of contracting HIV.

Premature deaths

Drug misuse has a global impact on juvenile drug-related mortality, often known as premature deaths. Drug misuse has been the main factor in fatal incidents involving young people who are driving or even just having fun. The main drug-related accidental deaths include suicide instances, traffic accidents caused by drugged driving, murder cases, unintentional overdoses, unintended infections, and even trauma.

Increase in crime rates

Due to the influence of drug-induced hallucinations, young people who abuse drugs often develop the confidence to participate in risky behaviors. Between 99,000 and 253,000 accidental fatalities worldwide were attributed to drug usage in 2010, according to the United Nations Office on Drug and Crime’s annual drug report (16). Knowing that over 77.9 of these deaths included persons between the ages of 15 and 64, including youth, is incredibly traumatic.

Youth drug misuse is unquestionably a global problem. Teenagers’ drug usage has been impacted by a number of variables. Teenage drug usage is influenced by peer pressure, with those who already take drugs encouraging those who don’t. Since the majority of parents have embraced western culture, which causes the social norms that are crucial in forming young people’s behaviour to erode, family structure and family conduct have an impact on drug misuse. This situation has been exacerbated by globalization and migration from rural to urban areas. Drug usage among young people has been affected by socioeconomic variables such as unemployment, with many unemployed people seeking possible means of subsisting. People who are unemployed become involved in drug misuse and human trafficking. Abuse of drugs has a number of detrimental effects. Among these effects include psychiatric disorders, posttraumatic disorders, elevated HIV/AIDS infection risks, and even a rise in accidents that result in fatalities. If the appropriate authorities do not take strict action to stop the problem, drug usage will likely continue to be the most difficult issue.

Works Cited

“City Colleges of Chicago – Addiction Studies Associate in Applied Science.”  Www.ccc.edu , www.ccc.edu/colleges/kennedy/programs/pages/addiction-studies-associate-in-applied-science.aspx. Accessed 11 July 2022.

“City Colleges of Chicago – Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselor.”  Www.ccc.edu , www.ccc.edu/careers/Pages/Substance-abuse-and-behavioral-disorder-counselors-.aspx. Accessed 11 July 2022.

NOTICE CITY COLLEGES of CHICAGO DRUG and ALCOHOL FREE CAMPUS NOTIFICATION .

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Essay on Drug Abuse in 250 and 500 Words in English for Students

• Updated on  
• Apr 2, 2024

Drug abuse refers to the excessive and frequent consumption of drugs. Drug abuse can have several harmful effects on our mental and physical health. Ronald Reagan, the 40th President of the USA, passed the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 and initiated the War on Drugs . He said, ‘Let us not forget who we are. Drug abuse is a repudiation of everything America is.’

Consuming drugs not only harms the individual himself but also affects society as a whole. Studies have shown that people who consume drugs become addicted to it. This addiction turns into substance abuse, resulting in self-damage, behaviour changes, mood swings, unnecessary weight loss, and several other health problems. Let’s understand what drug abuse is and how to fight it.

Table of Contents

• 1 Essay on Drug Abuse in 250 Words
• 2.1 Why Do People Consume Drugs?
• 2.2 Why Is Drug Abuse Bad?
• 2.3 Laws in India Against Drug Consumption
• 2.4 Steps to Prevent Drug Addiction
• 2.5 Conclusion
• 3 10 Lines Essay on Drug Abuse

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Essay on Drug Abuse in 250 Words

‘When people consume drugs regularly and become addicted to it, it is known as drug abuse. In medical terminology, drugs means medicines. However, the consumption of drugs is for non-medical purposes. It involves the consumption of substances in illegal and harmful ways, such as swallowing, inhaling, or injecting. When drugs are consumed, they are mixed into our bloodstream, affecting our neural system and brain functioning.

The Indian government has taken significant steps to help reduce the consumption of drugs. In 1985, the Narcotics Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act came into force. This act replaced the Opium Act of 1857, the Opium Act of 1878, and the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1930. 

Drug abuse can lead to addiction, where a person becomes physically or psychologically dependent on the substance and experiences withdrawal symptoms when attempting to stop using it. 

Drug abuse can have serious consequences for the individual and society as a whole. On an individual level, drugs can damage physical health, including organ damage, infectious diseases, and overdose fatalities. Not only this, a person already suffering from mental health disorders will face more harmful aftereffects. Addiction disrupts our cognitive functioning and impairs our decision-making abilities.

To fight drug abuse, we need collective action from all sections of society. Medical professionals say that early intervention and screening programmes can identify individuals at risk of substance misuse and provide them with the necessary support services. Educating people, especially those who are at-risk, about drug abuse and its harmful effects can significantly help reduce their consumption.

Drug abuse is serious and it must be addressed. Drug abuse is killing youth and society. Therefore, it is an urgent topic to address, and only through sustainable and collective efforts can we address this problem.

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Essay on Drug Abuse in 500 Words

Drug abuse is known as frequent consumption. In time, these people become dependent on drugs for several reasons. Curiosity drives adolescents and teenagers, who are among the most susceptible groups in our society. Cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine, heroin, etc. are some of the popular drugs consumed. 

Why Do People Consume Drugs?

The very first question about drugs is: why do people consume drugs? Studies have shown that more than 50% of drug addicts consider drugs as a coping mechanism to alleviate emotional or psychological distress. In the beginning, drugs temporarily relieve feelings of anxiety, depression, or trauma, providing a temporary escape from difficult emotions or life circumstances. 

Some consume drugs out of curiosity, some under peer pressure, and some want to escape the painful experiences. Some people enjoy the effects drugs produce, such as euphoria, relaxation, and altered perceptions. Recreational drug use may occur in social settings or as a form of self-medication for stress relief or relaxation.

Why Is Drug Abuse Bad?

The National Institute on Drug Abuse states that drugs can worsen our eyesight and body movement, our physical growth, etc. Marijuana, one of the most popular drugs, can slow down our reaction time, affecting our time and distance judgement and decreasing coordination. Cocaine and Methamphetamine can make the consumer aggressive and careless.

Our brain is the first victim of drugs. Drugs can disorder our body in several ways, from damaging organs to messing with our brains. Drugs easily get mixed into our bloodstream, and affect our neural system. Prolonged and excessive consumption of drugs significantly harms our brain functioning.

The next target of drug abuse is our physical health and relationships. Drugs can damage our vital organs, such as the liver, heart, lungs, and brain. For example, heavy alcohol use can lead to cirrhosis of the liver, while cocaine use can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.

Laws in India Against Drug Consumption

Here is an interesting thing; the USA has the highest number of drug addicts and also has strict laws against drug consumption. According to a report by the Narcotics Control Bureau, around 9 million people in India consume different types of drugs. The Indian government has implemented certain laws against drug consumption and production.

The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (NDPS), prohibits the production, sale, purchase, and consumption of narcotics and other illegal substances, except for scientific and medical purposes.

Also, Article 47 of the Indian Constitution states that ‘ The State shall endeavour to bring about prohibition of the consumption, except for medicinal purposes, of intoxicating drinks and drugs which are injurious to health.’

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Steps to Prevent Drug Addiction

Several steps can be taken to prevent drug addiction. But before we start our ‘War on Drugs’ , it is crucial to understand the trigger point. Our social environment, mental health issues and sometimes genetic factors can play a role in drug abuse.

• Education and awareness are the primary weapons in the fight against drugs. 
• Keeping distance from people and places addicted to drugs.
• Encourage a healthy and active lifestyle and indulge in physical workouts.
• Watch motivating videos and listen to sound music.
• Self-motivate yourself to stop consuming drugs.
• Talk to a medical professional or a psychiatrist, who will guide you to the right path.

Drug abuse is a serious problem. The excessive and frequent consumption of drugs not only harms the individual but also affects society as a whole. Only a collective approach from lawmakers, healthcare professionals, educators, community leaders, and individuals themselves can combat drug abuse effectively. 

Quick Read: Speech About Life

10 Lines Essay on Drug Abuse

Here is a 10-line essay on drug abuse.

• Drug abuse can significantly affect our physical growth
• Drug abuse can affect our mental functioning.
• Drug abuse may provide instant pleasure, but inside, it weakens our willpower and physical strength.
• Educating people, especially those who are at-risk, about drug abuse and its harmful effects can significantly help reduce their consumption.
•  Drugs easily get mixed into our bloodstream, and affect our neural system. 
• Prolonged and excessive consumption of drugs significantly harms our brain functioning.
• In 1985, the Narcotics Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act came into force.
• The USA has the highest number of drug addicts and also has strict laws against drug consumption.
• Drug addicts consider drugs as a coping mechanism to alleviate emotional or psychological distress.
•  Adolescents and teenagers are the most vulnerable section of our society and are driven by curiosity.

Ans: Drug abuse refers to the excessive and frequent consumption of drugs. Drug abuse can have several harmful effects on our mental and physical health.

Ans: ‘When people consume drugs regularly and become addicted to it, it is known as drug abuse. In medical terminology, drugs means medicines. However, the consumption of drugs is for non-medical purposes. It involves the consumption of substances in illegal and harmful ways, such as swallowing, inhaling, or injecting. When drugs are consumed, they are mixed into our bloodstream, affecting our neural system and brain functioning.

Ans: Drug abuse is known as frequent consumption. In time, these people become dependent on drugs for several reasons. Adolescents and teenagers are the most vulnerable section of our society who are driven by curiosity. Cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine, heroin, etc. are some of the popular drugs consumed.  The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (NDPS), prohibits the production, sale, purchase, and consumption of narcotics and other illegal substances, except for scientific and medical purposes.

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Substance Abuse - List of Essay Samples And Topic Ideas

Substance abuse and homelessness.

Homelessness is becoming a more and more prevalent issue in America as years progress. Drive through any city's downtown area and you're bound to see at least one, if not many more, homeless individuals or families residing along the streets or in homeless camps. In many cases, these people have been suffering from homelessness for years and this has simply become their norm; this is known as chronic homelessness. Although this has become a way of life for many, homelessness […]

Substance Abuse and Development

Substance abuse can be defined as the overindulgence in addictive substance or the reliance on an addictive substance, especially illicit drugs like crystal methamphetamine and others. Methamphetamine, or meth, as it is popularly called is a highly addictive stimulant that creates a feeling of energy, heightened alertness and euphoria. It is synthetically prepared, using toxic and flammable chemicals and side effects include irregular and rapid heartbeat, hyperthermia, convulsions, stroke, insomnia, high blood pressure, restlessness, and tremors . Meth can be […]

Drug Addictions

Drug addictions are something that many people in America face. A lot of families today face a person who is a drug addict or an alcoholic and this is breaking up families. People can help people addicted to drugs by providing community support, education,and teaching drug addicts how to deal with stress after overcoming addiction. Community and support groups are a great ways and opportunities for recovering addicts to be able to meet and befriend people who are also going […]

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NIH Principles of Substance Abuse Prevention for Early Childhood

Lifespan development focuses on changes that occur within a person from the beginning of their conception until their death. Lifespan development incorporates not only the physical changes one acquires throughout time, but also the cognitive, emotional, and social changes. Humans have the capability of constant change, especially when exposed to different incidents or environments that can influence their choices, but as time goes on this change can become harder to achieve. At least four stages of lifespan development are observed, […]

The Role of Social Workers: Counselors in Substance Abuse

Drug and substance abuse has skyrocketed in the last ten years. In the United States sixteen percent of kids over the age of 12 are addicted to alcohol, illegal drugs, or nicotine. Nearly seventeen percent of adults age sixty or older are also abusing substances. It's estimated that about five percent of the population around the globe is addicted to an illicit drug or mind altering substance. According to a Robert Johnson Foundation report, the abuse of substance and tobacco […]

What are some Solutions to Drug Abuse?

Nowadays, many people have thought that drugs are viable solution for personal problems or any other situations that affect the life of a person, but eventually, if a person reads the words drugs, it becomes a real problem in the current society. Therefore, there are factors that expose the drugs as an issue in the society. How can we understand this point? First, the abuse of different substances and drugs are one of the most common situations that teenagers and […]

Prenatal Substance Abuse

Substance abuse has been an issue for society throughout the history. No one race, gender, or people of a socioeconomic status has been exempted from this epidemic. However, prenatal substance abuse has continued to be major issue in America because we believe no other population to be vulnerable than those of developing fetuses and children who are unable to protect themselves. A fetus health and development will directly be impacted by a mother who abuses substances. Whatever the mother eats, […]

Substance Abuse and Addiction: Choice or Disease

Substance abuse and addiction will always be a hot topic, especially in the world we live. Drugs and alcohol are everywhere no matter where you live. There are those who are the occasional users and those who use all the time. Within the last year we have seen neighbors stick themselves with a needle and get high as well as receive Narcan in order to revive them. Scary to think it can be so close to home. You will find […]

Teenage Drug Abuse

There is a major concern about the teenage drug use today. Within the ages 15 through 24, fifty percent of deaths (from homicides, accidents, suicides) involve drugs. The two common reasons why teens use drugs are anxiety and depression. Factors like peer pressure, desire to escape, curiosity, emotional struggles, and stress may also lead to the consumption of drugs or alcohol. Teens are more likely to abuse drugs than adults because the part of their brain used for judgment and […]

Substance Abuse and Mental Illnesses

One of the world’s largest and most dangerous epidemics is the raging addiction to illegal drugs and substance abuse. A 2014 study showed that more than 21 million American citizens 12 years of age and older struggle with a substance use disorder. There are many different conceptions of what it means to have an addiction, and while everyone has the right to their own opinion, the true scientific definition of addiction is: “Addiction is a complex disease of the brain […]

Substance Abuse and Family Struggles

People that suffer from substance abuse have a hard time going through rehab therapy due to the lack of support from family members. I believe that family members should join family therapy because there is always something new that a person can learn about themselves. Also, families can also learn something new about other family members. What are some of the issues surrounding substance abuse? Substance abuse affects the lively hood of a person, it also can affect a person's […]

Poverty and Drug Abuse Addiction

One popular stereotype associated with drug use is that it is rampant among the poor. However, this is not entirely true since insufficient money linked with the poor cannot probably sustain drug use. The link between the two factors is multifaceted, and the connectedness of poverty is complex. Poverty entails unstable family and interpersonal associations, low-skilled jobs and low status, high arrest degrees, illegitimacy, school dropping out, deprived physical health, high mental conditions, and high mortality rates. Such factors resemble […]

Alcohol and Substance Abuse

When adolescents begin experimenting with drugs and alcohol many parents believe their children are just going through a rebellious stage, but that is not always the case (11 Reasons Why Teenagers Experiment with Drugs, 2016). There are many reasons why adolescents begin experimenting with drugs and it may lead to a serious addiction. Boredom is the most common reason why adolescents begin experiment with drugs and alcohol. They have too much time on their hand, so they experiment as a […]

Depression and Substance Abuse

Depression is a very serious mood disorder that can affect and influence your mood, how you might feel and engage in certain activities that you may have once enjoyed before having some negative feelings and emotions that are significant factors when we think about depression. Depression and the co-morbidity of substance abuse is a rising epidemic that is becoming a more prevalent diagnosis in our society through the means of self-medication or abusing substances to cope with the anxiety or […]

Substance Abuse in American Culture

Substance abuse has always had a constant presence in American culture but was never seen in the limelight. The society has always talked down on its victims and tried to shield the youth away. According to research, throughout the past four generations, every generation had addiction problems and this shielding process hasn't helped. The youth and parents should be informed about the risks of substance abuse and schools should be taking on a larger role, instead of shying away from […]

Substance Abuse in Different Races

Have you ever wondered what types of drugs are common between races? Sociologist Collect data through surveys and test to figure out what type of drugs are used among different races and ethnicities. Substance abuse causes millions of illnesses and injuries among people who decide to use drugs. According to data collected African American teens are arrested at a rate 10 times more than of Caucasian teens. Research has also found that caucasians are more likely to develop substance abuse […]

Cause and Effect of Child Abuse

Cause and Effect of Child Abuse Abuse impacts an individual negatively and follows them the rest of their life. Child abuse is horrific as the abuse is often from the very person that is supposed to protect the child. The abuse isn't always physical but can be mental, sexual, and neglectful. Many factors can influence a child's reaction to the traumas that they experience such as age, how far developmentally they are, the type of abuse, how long the abuse […]

The Effects of Parental Substance Abuse on the Development of Children

Substance abuse has been a recurring theme of concern when considering the impact it can have on children in the environment in which they grow up in. When individuals become addicted, it can lead to neglect in childcare with the focus remaining on feeling the highs from the substance of choice. It also becomes difficult to prevent relapse if an individual is able to obtain sobriety. To begin, information will be reviewed on the effects of prenatal drug exposure and […]

Schizophrenia and Substance Abuse

Up to 60 percent of chronic schizophrenic patients have been reported to be substance abusers (Hambrecht 1). The comorbidity of drugs and alcohol asks the question if one disorder causes another disorder. From a collected sample of 232 schizophrenic patients, alcohol abuse prior to admission was found in 24 percent (Hambrecht 2). Whereas, drug abuse was found in 14 percent. These rates are two times higher than the rates in the general population (Hambrecht 2). Both alcohol and drug abused […]

Substance Abuse Related to Depression

Depression is a mental health disorder that affects the mental state wellbeing of a person. It is a mental illness very commonly found in an adult age groups. Whereas, excessive use or depending on addictive substances such as alcohol and drugs refers to Substance abuse (web). The statistics of people diagnosed with depression and substance abuse can be seen as a growing problem in the society. According to the government estimate, 20% of the American adult is diagnosed with a […]

Drug and Substance Abuse

One common disease that is prevalent throughout the country is drug and substance abuse. This particular impediment remains as difficult an issue to tackle as ever before with drug abuse statistics in Georgia increasing at a shocking rate. While these numbers alone are staggering, the issues that stem from drug abuse bring forward an increase in addiction to low-income communities making this an even more pressing issue to overcome. Drug abuse has unfortunately become normalized in today's society, and the […]

Background on Drug Abuse

Drug abuse has been around for as long as the world has been created. Drug abuse dates back to the early 5000 B.C. when the Sumerians used opium, suggested by the fact that they have an ideogram for it which has been translated as HUL, meaning joy or rejoicing (Lindesmith, 2008). It then occurred often later on because indigenous South Americans chewed on coca leaves in the rainforest as a type of ritual, giving them stimulation and energy. Since then, […]

“Teenage Substance Abuse and Impacts on Academic Performance and Relationships”

Introduction The unobserved complexity of an adolescent and his or her potential severity of substance abuse results in negative consequences. Substance abuse represents a dependence on addictive substances such as alcohol or drugs. The use of tobacco, nicotine, alcohol, and other drugs during adolescent years can interfere with the brain development, reduce academic performance and increases the risk of health complications and increase family issues (NIDA, 2014). In America today, family structures have become more complex than ever. They range […]

Reviewing the Impact of Informatics on Substance Abuse Disorders and the Opioid Epidemic

Objective Drug overdoses are now the top reason for unintentional mortality in the United States, and prescription opioid abuse is a major contributor to the public health crisis (Sun et al., 2018). This review explores the contributions of informatics in combating substance abuse disorders and the opioid epidemic. Substance abuse informatics incorporates the availability and implementation of educational and preventative resources, analyzes associations and trends, identifies predictors and treatment outcomes, and establishes prescription drug monitoring programs. Methods The review was […]

Substance Abuse Among Soldiers

Substance abuse among soldiers has increased drastically due to uninformed medical personnel on base, alcohol sales outlets are more prevalent, and soldiers are resorting to alcohol to deal with PTSD instead of seeking counseling. Individuals from the military are not invulnerable to the substance utilize issues that influence whatever remains of society. Albeit illegal medication utilize is bring down among U.S. military faculty than among regular citizens, overwhelming liquor and tobacco utilize, and particularly physician endorsed sedate manhandle, are substantially […]

Childhood Maltreatment and Substance Abuse

Including in the article of the topic and discerning the studies to steer readers to be educated on the broad input of childhood maltreatment possibly going hand and hand with abuse of substances. In surrounding this topic, you can pull out the gist of all the studies and background information to bring a responsible observation that is proven. That which is humans who are brought into or raised into a childhood maltreatment experience such as, emotional or physical neglect along […]

Homelessness Problem in LA

Homelessness in LA is not an isolated case in U.S but rather public issue from 1980s since represents a huge problem for several cities as well as for largely populated states. People are facing this problem in daily basis; every time we are waiting by the traffic lights on the street, homeless people approaches to us and ask us either for a food or a change. Homeless people are people who are without a home and therefore living on the […]

The Effect of Substance Abuse on the Family System

When someone decides to start a family, they have a certain picture in their head for how the future will plan out. Mom and dad will love their child and have their best interest at heart throughout their whole life. Most parents go into it, thinking nothing will break up their bond or make them less close to their son/daughter. They believe their child is to love, cherish, and respect their grandparents and elders. They will spend quality time with […]

Sexual Re-victimization and Increase in the Chance of Alcohol and Substance Abuse

Sexual re-victimization refers to a form of sexual abuse which is insensitive and causes fear for the victims of violence. Currently, there are many kinds of research concerning the female re-victimization of few sexual assaults, child sexual abuse, and adult sexual abuse survivors. Despite this, there is little research concerning male victimization and any form of service is available to them, this is because most attention has been shifted to females leaving men behind. Also, there is variance on the […]

The Effect of Substance Abuse on Depression

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (2016) state, "the consequences of undiagnosed, untreated, or undertreated co-occurring disorders can lead to a higher likelihood of experiencing homelessness, incarceration, medical illnesses, suicide, or even early death (para. 2). One strategy to support the treatment of Rhonda is to provide help with regulating her emotions rather than how to cope with alcohol and nicotine cravings. In the study from Holzhauer & Gamble (2017), it was found that women with depression and […]

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141 Drug Abuse Essay Topics & Project Topics on Drug Abuse

Looking for an interesting essay title about drugs? You will find it here! This list contains a variety of drug topics to write about, including addiction among students and other issues. But that’s not all of it! In addition to drug abuse research topics, we’ve also included plenty of essay samples for you to check out.

🏆 Best Project Topics on Drug Abuse

✍️ drug abuse essay topics for college, 👍 good drug abuse research topics & essay examples, 🎓 most interesting drug abuse research titles, 💡 simple drug abuse essay ideas, ❓ research questions on drug abuse.

• Drug Abuse among Teenagers Causes and Effects
• The Consequences of Drug Abuse
• Adolescent Drug Abuse, Their Awareness and Prevention
• The Link Between Drug Abuse and Corruption
• Alcohol and Drug Abuse in the Workplace
• Drug Abuse and Theories Explaining It
• Drug Abuse Relation to the Violent Behavior
• Overcoming the Drug Abuse Addiction The use of narcotic drugs brings irreparable harm to health and diminishes the quality of life. Opioid abuse is a predominant problem that continues to be a concern.
• Psychotherapy and Counseling for Drug Abuse Treatment Drugs are the biggest vice of humanity, along with the mental and moral deviations, horrible diseases of modern times, social neglect and abuse it causes and goes along with.
• The Theme of Drug Abuse in Egan’s Book In her novel “A Visit from the Goon Squad”, Jennifer Egan discusses a number of problems of modern society. Among them is the problem of drug abuse.
• Leadership in Drug Abuse Program Development Within the context of a potential intervention for drug abuse, the roles and competencies of leaders are the primary emphasis of this paper.
• Victimless Crimes: Drug Abuse and Sex Work This work’s primary objective is to research and analyze victimless crimes, namely drug abuse and sex work, from the viewpoint of criminology.
• Health Issue Analysis: Prescription Drug Abuse Prescription drug abuse is a rapidly growing epidemic that spreads worldwide. Various national and international health organizations research this field.
• Drug Abuse and Its Effects on Families Because of the lack of control that a substance abuse patient has over their actions, families of the people that develop chemical dependency are under constant threat.
• Drug Abuse and Its Impact on Creativity The boosting effect of drugs on creativity is a myth because changes in thinking are a brain reaction to a narcotic that is temporary yet severe.
• Juvenile Drug Abuse Problems Analysis This essay describes the problem of juvenile drug use and applies the relevant delinquency theory. Additionally, the interventions or programs to fix the issue will be highlighted.
• Drug Abuse and Alcohol-Related Crimes in Adolescents The current paper focuses on the topic of drug abuse and alcohol-related crimes among teenagers, showing that substances remain the most notable factor in juvenile crime.
• Social Factors of Substance Drug Abuse Substance abuse refers to the pattern of continued use, despite adverse consequences. Socio determinants of substance abuse imply social factors that affect the outcome of drugs.
• Drug Abuse in Homeless Community The number of homeless people is continuously increasing, creating a severe threat to a country’s general well-being.
• Drug Abuse in the United States’ Social Context Drug abuse is one of the problems affecting people in the United States. Society has contributed to the continued misuse of drugs today, through bad parenting or the environment.
• Drug Abuse in Pregnant Women: Effective Ways to Combat Several policies have been proposed to tackle the problem, namely financial support for therapy, voluntary sterilization, and criminal persecution.
• Drug Abuse During Pregnancy: Policy Options Heated discussions on whether or not drug abuse during pregnancy should be illegal due to the potential risks to the developing fetus or child persist.
• The Drug Abuse Problem in Indiana Drug usage is one of Indiana’s most serious societal problems, affecting the state’s health, economy, behavioral, and criminal elements.
• Drug Abuse Demographics in Prisons Drug abuse, including alcohol, is a big problem for the people contained in prisons, both in the United States and worldwide.
• Drug Abuse at the Workplace and a Policy to Address It In this proposal, a policy to address worker substance abuse and addiction, will be discussed, with both its major goals and potential benefits being outlines.
• National Association for Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Counselors This paper will consider the fourth principle of the organization’s ethical code, which reads: “Working in a culturally diverse world.”
• Prescription Drug Abuse Problem Providing access to prescription drugs is among the key tasks that the modern healthcare system should fulfill to increase recovery rates.
• Accessory Plus Incorporated’s Drug Abuse Case In the case of Accessory Plus Incorporated, the issue of drug abuse has been suspected. However, there is no policy framework for the company to deal with the case.
• Prescription Drug Abuse as a Community Health Issue Consumption of prescription drugs in a manner that has not been prescribed by the doctor is an outstanding community health issue. This can be more harmful than people understand.
• Crime Trends: Drug Abuse in Adults and Juveniles One notes a mixed trend in the different crimes over the years. Drug abuse, for example, increased steadily from the 1970s in both the adult and juvenile populations.
• Drug Abuse in Correction Facilities The purpose of this article is to consider the problem of drug abuse in correctional facilities, as well as to suggest possible solutions to this problem.
• The Drug Courts: The Question of Drug Abuse Drug abuse is one of the most prevalent crimes in the world. It is a concern for both local governments and international organizations.
• Community Health: Prescription Drug Abuse The rising access to frequently abused prescription drugs via the internet has created public anxieties within the healthcare system in the United States.
• The Drug Abuse in the U.S. Navy: The Problem Analysis The purpose of this report is to capture drug abuse in the U.S. Navy and to analyze some of the measures that the Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS) has put in place.
• Drug Abuse Factors: Substance Use Disorder The various reasons for the abuse of opioids, alcohol, and nicotine account for the challenge in research and treatment.
• Drug Abuse and Addiction: Risk Factors People with drug abuse issues have enhanced motivation to take drugs, increased probability of reacting to stress, emotional dysregulation, and impaired self-control.
• The Relations Between Drug Abuse and Criminal Justice The purpose of this article is to use conflict theory to analyze how race, class, and gender affect drug abuse and crime in the United States.
• Drug Abuse: Impaired American Society The history of American society as far as drug abuse is concerned has had a dark past where drugs and alcohol were considered a lifestyle.
• The Issue of Drug Abuse in the Community of Kinsburg This paper aims to research the community of the city of Keansburg, located in the state of New Jersey and its issue of substance abuse.
• Adolescent Drug Abuse: Diagnosis and Cultural Awareness The paper examines the effect of amphetamine on human and, as a consequence, the development of mental illness, namely, mood disorder.
• The Problem of Prescription Drug Abuse in the United States Prescription drug abuse is a serious health concern that causes an overdose crisis in the United States. There are determinants such as social, economic, and healthcare-related issues.
• Drug Abuse and Drug Addiction and Various Policies Related to Drugs The harm reduction policy is concerned with reducing or minimizing the risks that are accrued to drug abuse in various societies.
• Drug Abuse and Crime Correlation The correlation between drug use and crimes go, most prisoners said they commit crimes for obtaining money for drugs, so drugs are the motivation.
• Drug Abuse Among Teenagers Before analyzing the causes of addiction among teenagers, we have to look at this issue from sociological point of view.
• Drug Abuse Case: Jenny G This paper present the case of drug abuse. Jenny G., a 48-year-old recovering IV drug abuser, presents with general malaise, anorexia, abdominal pain, and slight jaundice.
• Fear Appeal in Anti-Drug Abuse Public Campaign The problem of prescription drug abuse has become a crucial concern for Florida residents. The public campaign proposes raising awareness about the dangers of prescription drugs.
• Drug Abuse Treatment in Nursing Jenny G., a 48-year-old recovering IV drug abuser, presents with general malaise, anorexia, abdominal pain, and slight jaundice. She is currently staying in a women’s shelter and looking for a job.
• Drug Abuse Among Homeless People in Miami This paper aims to better assess the disaster of drug abuse among homeless people in Miami, and develop ways to counter this issue.
• Drug Abuse, HIV/AIDS, and Songs on Social Issues Drug abuse and HIV/AIDS are some of the major social issues affecting society today. Songs have been used in raising awareness about social issues that affect the world.
• Minimizing Prescription Drug Abuse in Oklahoma Over the past few years, the rates of prescription drug abuse in Oklahoma have grown impressively. The issue must be addressed by raising awareness via modern media.
• Crisis of Chemical Dependence: Drug Abuse Drug abuse mainly begins during teenage. The first part of this essay discusses social and cultural determinants of substance abuse. The second part focuses on the dynamics of addiction.
• Drug Abuse Among Adolescents and Behavior Therapy
• Pharmacists and Prescription Drug Abuse
• Recognizing Drug Abuse and Addiction in Older Adults
• American Drug Abuse McCuen and Winkler
• Prescription Drugs and Drug Abuse in the United
• Drug Abuse Has Become a Real Problem
• Combating Combat Drug Abuse at Australian Music Festivals
• Prevention of Drug Abuse and Mental Disorders
• Alcohol and Drug Abuse Are The Most Common Issues of Today‘s
• Drug Abuse and Adolescent Risky Behavior
• Drug Abuse Hazards Across the Board in Fiji
• Drug Abuse Sociological and Psychological Causative Factors
• Drug Abuse and Mental Illness in Nursing
• Drug Abuse and Smoking in Our Society
• Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970
• Drug Abuse and Addiction Among Teenagers
• Neuroticism and Drug Abuse
• Drug Abuse and Its Effects on the World
• Drug Abuse and Its Effects on Other Members of Society
• The Relationship Between the Type of Crime and Drugs
• Drug Abuse Among American Teenagers
• Adolescent Drug Abuse and Alcohol
• Drug Abuse and Heroin Epidemic
• Addiction and Opioid Use for Drug Abuse
• Drug Abuse Within Teens in Hazleton
• Past and Current Trends of Drug Abuse
• Emergency Medical Services and Drug Abuse Among the Personnel
• Impetus Toward Drug Abuse
• Drug Abuse Among Professional Athletes
• Drug Abuse and Treatment Centers in Afghanistan
• Physiological and Behavior Effects on Drug Abuse
• Psychological and Physical Aspects of Drug Abuse in Adolescent
• Drug Abuse Among College Students
• Alcoholism and Prescription Drug Abuse and the Elderly
• Drug Abuse Within University Students in Ottawa
• Drug Addiction and Drug Abuse in the United States
• Capitalism, Drug Abuse, and the American Dream
• Drug Abuse, Prison and Justice in Hungary
• Drug Abuse and Associated Problems in Ireland
• Role of the Limbic System in Drug Abuse
• Alcohol and Drug Abuse Causes Domestic Violence
• Drug Abuse and Its Effects on a Person’s Behavior
• Drug Abuse During Central Ohio
• Drug Abuse Among Health Care Professionals
• Medication Addiction and Drug Abuse Problems
• Drug Abuse Among Teenagers in Malaysia
• Juvenile Delinquents and Drug Abuse
• Factors That Are Associated With Women and Drug Abuse
• Alcoholism and Drug Abuse: The Pressures and Temptations of a Teenager
• Athletes’ Motivation for Performance-Enhancement Drug Abuse
• Drug Abuse and the Drug Industry
• Adolescent Drug Abuse and Its Effects
• American Universities, Colleges, Drug Abuse and Effects
• Alcohol and Drug Abuse During Pregnancy
• Juveniles and Drug Abuse in America
• The Link Between Schizophrenia and Drug Abuse
• Drug Abuse and Its Effects on the Health and Choice of Lifestyle
• Alcoholism and Drug Abuse: Roots, Effects, and Prevention
• Drug Abuse and the Views of Saint Augustine, Aristotle, and Plato
• Drug Abuse and Addiction Among America
• How Does Drug Abuse Affect the Personal Development of Hong Kong Teenagers?
• What Are Influences That Cause Drug Abuse on Youth?
• How Does Prescription Drug Abuse Affect Teens?
• What Are the Primary Causes and Effects of Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Among Young People?
• How Does Drug Abuse Ruin Families and Destroy Relationships?
• What Causes Teenage Drug Abuse?
• How Can We Prevent Prescription Drug Abuse?
• Why Do Children Need to Be Educated About Drug Abuse?
• Who Is Most Affected by Prescription Drug Abuse?
• How Does Drug Abuse Affect a Person’s Social Life?
• What Are the Side Effects of Drug Abuse?
• Why Do We Need to Prevent Drug Abuse?
• How Does Drug Abuse Affect Public Health?
• What Are the Causes and Effects of Drug Abuse?
• How Can the Government Reduce Drug Abuse?
• What Are the Six Forms of Drug Abuse?
• Can We Reduce Drug Abuse in the Community?
• What Are the 4 Steps That Lead to Drug Abuse?
• How to Educate Youth About Drug Abuse?
• What Are the Effects of Drug Abuse on the School?
• How Does Drug Abuse Affect the Brain?
• What Profession Has the Highest Rate of Drug Abuse?
• How Are Drug Abuse and Crime Related?
• Why Is It Important to Learn About the Risk Factors of Drug Use and Abuse?
• What Is the Role of the Youth in Preventing Drug Abuse?
• Are There Social Factors That Contribute to Drug Abuse?
• What Is the Impact of Drug Abuse on Society?
• Is There a Connection Between Drug Abuse and Crime?
• What Can Be Done to Overcome the Problem of Drug Abuse?
• How Can Drug Abuse Cause Violence?

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StudyCorgi. (2022, March 1). 141 Drug Abuse Essay Topics & Project Topics on Drug Abuse. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/drug-abuse-essay-topics/

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StudyCorgi . "141 Drug Abuse Essay Topics & Project Topics on Drug Abuse." March 1, 2022. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/drug-abuse-essay-topics/.

StudyCorgi . 2022. "141 Drug Abuse Essay Topics & Project Topics on Drug Abuse." March 1, 2022. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/drug-abuse-essay-topics/.

These essay examples and topics on Drug Abuse were carefully selected by the StudyCorgi editorial team. They meet our highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, and fact accuracy. Please ensure you properly reference the materials if you’re using them to write your assignment.

This essay topic collection was updated on June 21, 2024 .

Essay on Drug Awareness

Students are often asked to write an essay on Drug Awareness in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Drug Awareness

Understanding drugs.

Drugs are substances that can change how your body and mind work. They can be legal, like medicine prescribed by a doctor, or illegal.

Effects of Drugs

Drugs can make you feel different. Some might make you feel happy for a short time, but they can also harm your body and brain.

The Risk of Addiction

Some people may start using drugs out of curiosity or to feel good, but it can lead to addiction. Addiction is when you can’t stop taking the drug, even if it’s causing harm.

Staying Safe

It’s important to say no to illegal drugs and only take medicines as directed by a doctor.

250 Words Essay on Drug Awareness

Introduction, the importance of drug awareness.

Drug awareness is essential to equip individuals with knowledge about the potential risks and consequences of drug use. It helps in understanding the difference between use and misuse, the signs of addiction, and the effects of drugs on physical and mental health. This knowledge can be a powerful tool in preventing drug misuse and addiction.

The Role of Education

Education plays a significant role in drug awareness. It is not only about imparting knowledge but also about fostering a healthy attitude towards drug use. Educational institutions, particularly colleges, hold a responsibility to provide students with accurate information, enabling them to make informed decisions.

In conclusion, drug awareness is a vital aspect of health education. It empowers individuals, especially college students, to make informed decisions about drug use, thus preventing potential misuse and addiction. The role of education in promoting drug awareness cannot be overstated, as it equips students with necessary knowledge and fosters a responsible attitude towards drug use.

500 Words Essay on Drug Awareness

The issue of drug abuse and addiction has become a global concern, with implications that transcend cultural, economic, and social boundaries. Drug awareness is a critical aspect in curbing this menace, as it equips individuals with the knowledge and skills to resist drug use, and encourages a healthier, safer society.

The Prevalence of Drug Abuse

The prevalence of drug abuse is alarming, with the World Health Organization estimating that nearly 5.5% of the world’s population aged 15-64 years have used drugs at least once in their lifetime. This statistic underscores the urgency for effective drug awareness programs. It is essential to understand the factors contributing to drug abuse, which include peer pressure, curiosity, stress, and the desire for escapism. These factors, coupled with the easy accessibility of drugs, create a potent recipe for addiction.

Components of Effective Drug Awareness Programs

Effective drug awareness programs should be comprehensive, targeting various aspects of the drug abuse issue. Firstly, they should provide factual information about drugs, their effects, and the risks associated with their use. Secondly, they must equip individuals with the skills to resist peer pressure and make informed decisions. Lastly, these programs should provide support and resources for those struggling with addiction, emphasizing that recovery is possible and that help is available.

The Role of Society in Drug Awareness

Society plays a significant role in promoting drug awareness. Schools, workplaces, and communities can host awareness campaigns, workshops, and seminars. The media can also play an influential role in disseminating accurate information about drugs and addiction. Moreover, government policies can support drug awareness initiatives, providing funding and resources for these programs.

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Years Later, Philippines Reckons With Duterte’s Brutal Drug War

A president’s vow to fight drugs unleashed violence and fostered a culture of impunity. But the crimes are finally getting a look, including from the International Criminal Court.

By Sui-Lee Wee and Camille Elemia

Reporting from Manila

When Rodrigo Duterte was running for president eight years ago, he vowed to order the police and the military to find drug users and traffickers to kill them, promising immunity for such killings. In the months after, police officers and vigilantes mercilessly gunned down tens of thousands of people in summary executions.

Even now, two years after Mr. Duterte left office, there has been little legal reckoning with the wave of killings : Only eight police officers have been given prison sentences, in connection with just four cases, with one verdict that came this month. And though rights groups say that there have been fewer such killings since Mr. Duterte left, and far fewer involving agents of the government, a culture of violence and impunity has maintained a troubling hold in the Philippines.

In recent months, the legacy of Mr. Duterte’s so-called war on drugs has slowly begun to get more official attention. Lawmakers are holding several public hearings into the violence. Senior police officers spoke at the congressional hearing, as did victims’ relatives, who relived their horrors and again pleaded for justice.

When Mr. Duterte left office, his administration said 6,252 people had been killed by security forces — all described by officials as “drug suspects.” Rights groups say the overall death toll stands at roughly 30,000.

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Biden debate prep fuels false and misleading claims about body doubles and drugs

Republican presidential candidate, former President Donald Trump, left, speaks at a campaign rally in Las Vegas, June 9, 2024, and President Joe Biden speaks at the White House in Washington, D.C., June 4, 2024. (AP)

If Your Time is short

President Joe Biden and former President Donald Trump prepared differently for the first presidential debate of 2024. Biden spent a week at Camp David strategizing with advisers; Trump remained on the campaign trail.

Trump and his allies are pushing false and unsubstantiated claims that Biden cannot debate Trump on his own and needs performance-enhancing drugs or a body double.

Experts said that historically, presidential candidates have taken several days to prepare for debates. Finding this time can be particularly important for incumbents, experts said.

President Joe Biden and former President Donald Trump will take the stage June 27 for the first presidential debate of the 2024 election. But some conservative politicians, pundits and social media users are pushing unfounded claims it won’t actually be Biden behind the lectern — or if it is, it’ll be Biden in an altered state.

"The man on the stage that night will not be Joe Biden and clearly the podiums play an important roll in their plan," a blue check X user posted June 21, misspelling "role" and referring to Biden winning CNN’s coin toss and deciding to pick lectern placement over speaking order.

The false conspiracy theory that Biden and other well-known figures use professional impersonators as stand-ins for public appearances has circulated for years . But in the lead-up to the debate, the body-double conspiracy theory is one of a number of claims that aim to paint Biden as incapable of debating Trump without the help of a stand-in or, as Trump suggested , being "jacked up" on drugs.

The narrative is in line with attacks from the popular conservative X account RNC Research and other Trump supporters who have spent weeks circulating video clips of Biden that seem to show him declining cognitively, but omit fuller context about Biden’s actions. This is also not the first time Trump has attacked his Democratic competitor before a debate.

Biden, 81, has dedicated the better part of a week to preparing for the debate, the first either candidate has participated in since 2020. Trump, 78, said holding rallies in the days ahead of the debate is his best debate prep strategy .

Experts on U.S. politics said historically presidential candidates have typically taken several days to prepare for a debate, which can be particularly important for incumbents.

Users on X and Instagram shared a video clip from the conservative podcast Valuetainment in which one co-host said body doubles have "progressed" so much that these stand-ins can now give speeches.

PolitiFact and other news outlets have repeatedly fact-checked false claims that Biden employs a body double or that video footage shows a masked impersonator instead of the real Biden. Some believers of this conspiracy theory point to photos and videos of Biden that were taken years apart as evidence. But Biden’s aging and wrinkles aren’t proof he’s been replaced.

The fact-free notion that powerful leaders have body doubles was a frequent claim among QAnon conspiracy theorists who helped shape the 2020 election and believe that the world is controlled by a "deep state" with ties to pedophilia.

Biden has gathered with his team at Camp David in Maryland since the night of June 20, his calendar blocked off to other events as, according to news reports, he practiced for the 90-minute faceoff with Trump.

Trump supporters used the prep time as an opportunity to bolster Trump’s unsupported claims about Biden’s capacity to debate.

"Biden — on an intense doping regimen at Camp David — hasn’t been seen for days," wrote RNC Research in a June 22 X post , resharing images of Trump on the campaign trail.

Another X post viewed more than 3.8 million times claimed June 23 Biden is being isolated "to not only dial in his medication, but they also shift his sleep cycle," so that he can give a strong performance at the debate.

By June 24, Rep. Ronny Jackson, R-Texas, wrote a letter calling on Biden to submit to a drug test before taking the stage in Atlanta for the CNN-moderated event. And Trump wrote the same day on Truth Social that he would "immediately" submit to one. A Trump adviser told The Washington Post Biden "will be highly prepared and alert on debate night" because of a "perfectly calibrated dosage."

On June 25, Fox News host Sean Hannity polled viewers on which version of Biden they thought would appear at the debate: "jacked-up Joe" or "confused/cognitively impaired."

None of them cited evidence that Biden is using medication to help him.

Biden’s campaign dismissed the claims as falsehoods. In a statement to The Washington Post , Biden campaign spokesperson Lauren Hitt said Trump and his allies "are resorting to desperate, obviously false lies."

History shows presidential candidates commonly set aside time to prepare for debates, especially when they are incumbents.

Many presidential candidates seek to avoid the kind of fallout then-Republican presidential nominee Richard Nixon experienced in 1960 following the first televised presidential debate, said Jon Marshall, a media historian and associate professor at Northwestern University. Kennedy entered the debate rested and prepared; Nixon continued campaigning and, on TV, "appeared tired and uncomfortable when the debate began."

Kennedy’s performance is often lauded as being pivotal in helping him win.

In 1996, then-President Bill Clinton set aside "most of a week" for his first debate as an incumbent, former White House speechwriter Michael Waldman wrote in an article for the Brennan Center for Justice, where he serves as president.

Incumbent presidents often go into their first debates "rusty" and "cocooned," Waldman wrote. Former Presidents Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, George W. Bush, Barack Obama and even Trump gave underwhelming performances in their first presidential debates as incumbents, he said.

Robert Rowland, a University of Kansas professor of communications studies, said what’s "more out-of-the-ordinary is that Trump is really not doing any kind of formal debate preparation."

Incumbent presidents and challengers typically "take debates very seriously and allocate several days to the preparation process," Rowland said.

Although Trump has floated the notion that Biden needs performance-enhancing drugs to perform during the debate, he has also described Biden as "a worthy debater" .

Rowland said this tactical change to characterize Biden as formidable is part of a strategy to "lower expectations."

"And at the same time, he’s trying to explain that if Biden does well, it’s because of some medication, etc., and still maintain his attack that Biden has lost his cognitive skill," Rowland said.

This election cycle is not the first time Trump and his supporters have sought to cast aspersions on Biden’s debate performance.

In 2020, Trump also called on Biden to take a drug test, which the Biden campaign laughed off . Trump also employed this tactic in 2016 , when he suggested his then-Democratic opponent, Hillary Clinton, was taking drugs ahead of that year’s debates.

Also in 2020, Trump and his campaign said Biden sought the use of an earpiece ahead of the first presidential debate that year. Biden’s campaign dismissed the claim, saying the Trump team was "lying."

The claim resurfaced after 2020’s first presidential debate: Social media users claimed video footage proved Biden wore a wire or earpiece at the debate. PolitiFact rated these claims Pants on Fire.

At least one other president also faced accusations of debate foul play.

In 2004, there was speculation that then-President George W. Bush received offstage help during that year’s presidential debate against Democratic nominee John Kerry because a photo showed a rectangular bulge on Bush’s back.

Although some people claimed Bush was wearing some kind of electronic device at the debate, Bush’s campaign said there was nothing under his suit jacket. Bush himself attributed the bulge to "a poorly tailored shirt."

PolitiFact Researcher Caryn Baird contributed to this report.

Our Sources

Phone interview with Robert Rowland, a professor of communications studies at the University of Kansas, June 25, 2024

Email interview with Jon Marshall, a media historian and associate professor at Northwestern University, June 25, 2024

Email interview with Wayne Steger, political science professor at DePaul University, June 25, 2024

PolitiFact, " No, this photo doesn’t show a John Fetterman body double. Here’s why. ," March 27, 2023

PolitiFact, " Altered image fuels unfounded claims that President Joe Biden has a ‘body double’ ," May 3, 2023

PolitiFact, " That White House Visitors Center photo looks like Joe Biden, because it is of Joe Biden ," March 9, 2023

PolitiFact, " No, this video doesn’t prove Biden has a body double ," Sept. 7, 2022

PolitiFact, " That’s no masked impersonator. It’s really President Joe Biden. ," April 27, 2023

PolitiFact, " No, this image doesn’t show Princess Kate’s double ," March 21, 2024

PolitiFact, " ‘Cheap fake’ videos, and the phrase itself, take 2024 election’s center stage ," June 21, 2024

PolitiFact, " Two-year old video claims to show Biden body double, but offers no evidence ," Sept. 29, 2023

PolitiFact, " Don’t confuse President Joe Biden with Leatherface; claims he’s wearing a ‘skin mask’ are unfounded ," Sept. 13, 2023

PolitiFact, " Was someone in a Joe Biden mask at the State of the Union? No, It was Biden himself ," Feb. 10, 2023

PolitiFact, " What is QAnon, the baseless conspiracy spilling into US politics? ," Aug. 27, 2020

PolitiFact, " Biden did not wear a wire during the first presidential debate ," Sept. 30, 2020

PolitiFact, " Biden didn’t tweet this, or wear an earpiece during the debate ," Oct. 5, 2020

Reuters, " Claims that a ‘body double’ got COVID-19 booster instead of Biden are false, use digitally altered photo ," Oct. 6, 2021

Reuters, " Fact check: Biden ‘skintone mismatch’ in CNBC interview is due to lighting, not body double or deepfake ," Oct. 7, 2020

Politico, " Playbook: Trump and Biden’s dueling debate prep strategies ," June 23, 2024

The Associated Press, " Presidential debate: How Biden and Trump are preparing differently ," June 21, 2024

The New York Times, " Inside Biden’s Presidential Debate Prep at Camp David ," June 24, 2024

CNN, " Why Trump is suddenly talking up Biden after months of slamming his cognitive capacity ," June 24, 2024

CNN, " Trump gets the final word at CNN debate after coin flip ," June 21, 2024

CNN, " Opinion: What I learned helping Reagan prepare for the 1980 presidential debates ," Sept. 20, 2020 

ABC News, " Ahead of debate, Trump escalates calls for Biden drug tests, accusations of CNN bias ," June 25, 2024

Fox News, " Exclusive: Trump takes debate prep to campaign trail, calls it a winning strategy ," June 23, 2024

The Washington Post, " Trump keeps baselessly claiming that Biden will be on drugs at debate ," June 26, 2024

The Washington Post, " ‘The president thinks his best case is made in urine’: Biden campaign mocks Trump’s drug-testing demand ," Sept. 28, 2020

Politico, " Biden camp clapback: Trump’s best debate case ‘made in urine’ ," Sept. 27, 2020

The Guardian, " Clinton may have taken performance-enhancing drugs before debate – Trump ," Oct. 16, 2016

NBC News, " Here's how the candidates and their teams have prepared for their first debate ," Sept. 29, 2020

CNN, " How Hillary Clinton took debate prep seriously ," Sept. 26, 2016

The New York Times, " Debacle: What Al Gore’s First Debate Against George W. Bush Can Teach Hillary Clinton ," Sept. 25, 2016

The New York Times, " The Mystery of the Bulge in the Jacket ," Oct. 9, 2004

Salon, " NASA photo analyst: Bush wore a device during debate ," Oct. 30, 2004

Roll Call, " President Joe Biden’s Public Schedule , accessed June 26, 2024

Rep. Ronny Jackson, " Rep. Jackson Sends Letter Demanding Biden Take a Drug Test Before and After the Presidential Debate ," June 24, 2024

Brennan Center for Justice, " How the Presidential Debate Can Serve the Public ," June 25, 2024

Hannity on Fox News archived video clip , June 25, 2024

YouTube, " Valuetainment podcast - "Is That a Mask?" - Does Joe Biden Have a Body Double ," June 13, 2024

YouTube, " Forbes Breaking News - FULL RALLY: Trump Tees Off On Biden And Touts Record On Border At Philadelphia Campaign Rally ," June 22, 2024

X post , June 21, 2024

X post ( archived ), June 24, 2024

X post , June 15, 2024

RNC Research, X post , June 20, 2024

RNC Research, X post , June 22, 2024

Donald Trump, Truth Social post , June 24, 2024

Rep. Byron Donalds, R-Fla., X post , June 23, 2024

Instagram post , June 16, 2024

Instagram post , June 21, 2024

Browse the Truth-O-Meter

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Feeling ‘90 per cent stronger’: Families in the Philippines help prevent drug abuse

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A mother in the Philippines has explained how she feels “90 per cent stronger” after participating in a UN-supported programme which aims to build parenting skills and help children communicate more openly about difficult issues such as drugs.

Rowena Cruz participated in the Strong Families programme run by the local government through the Anti-drug Abuse Council of Pasig (ADCOP) and backed by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime ( UNODC ).

Ahead of World Drug Day marked annually on 26 June, Daniel Dickinson spoke to her as well as mother-of-five, Arlene Alvarez and their respective daughters Angelique and Wasmiya. He also met Zenaida Concepcion, an anti-drug abuse officer for Pasig.

Rowena Cruz: I have three children aged 18, 16 and 10, and became concerned about my son, the middle child, when he grew more detached and unable to talk about his problems. There are people selling illegal drugs in our neighbourhood so I was concerned he was being influenced by them, although he told me he never took drugs. He was also depressed and had expressed suicidal thoughts and the whole family was feeling stressed.

Arlene Alvarez: I spent six years as a domestic worker in Kuwait and didn’t see my five children during that time. Up until my return in 2020, they were looked after by my aunt as I am a single mother.

I was informed by a friend three years ago that my son was smoking marijuana and of course I was worried that other young people would lead him to other harder drugs. I felt a big gap between myself and the children because of my absence so wanted to join the Strong Families programme to learn how to communicate with them better and to help them make more informed decisions.

Zenaida Concepcion: Filipino people, and especially parents often do not express their emotions. This can lead to stress, and stressed children can be influenced by other young people, especially when it concerns drugs. That’s why open communication within the family is very important as a preventative measure.

When we started the Strong Families programme in 2019 the Philippines was in the midst of the war against drugs and so people were extremely nervous about even talking about drugs and service providers did not offer community-based solutions to abuse. The Philippines has very severe drug laws; you can be sent to prison for up to 12 years just for being in possession of drug paraphernalia.

Rowena Cruz: I participated in the Strong Families programme with Angelique and I learned a lot about how to communicate more openly. I made progress after I recognized, along with my husband, that as parents we don’t always have the answers; we are not always right. My son is doing better now and can talk to me about his life and recently asked about what he should give his girlfriend as a present. I suggested a teddy bear.

Angelique: It was a good programme. I became closer to my brother and sister; I used to feel jealous about how close they were. My sister knows more of my secrets because she is a girl. I told her about what I had learned with my mum and she listened. My brother now helps me when I draw.

Arlene Alvarez: As a parent, Strong Families helped me to be more patient and to pay more attention to my children’s needs.  They are now able to speak to me about their feelings and they are now good at asking each other how they are doing. My son is doing well, he understands that talking about issues like drugs can help as he will feel less peer pressure. He has his own child now so I am a grandmother.

Wasmiya: At the meetings we attended, I liked playing with the balloons, but not so much the drawing. At school my favourite subject is English and I like playing volleyball.

• drugs and crime
• philippines

On the occasion of International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, Department of Social Justice & Empowerment organizing a programme at Dr. Ambedkar International Centre in New Delhi today

Each year, 26 th June is observed as the "International Day against Drug Abuse & Illicit Trafficking. To commemorate the occasion of International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking the Department of Social Justice & Empowerment is organizing a programme today (on 26 th June 2024) at Dr. Ambedkar International Centre, 15 Janpath, New Delhi in the presence of Dr. Virendra Kumar, HMSJE, MoSs (SJE), and Senior officers of the Department.

Earlier, the Ministry has organized weeklong online activities from 20.06.2024 to 26.06.2024 to commemorate International Day against Drug abuse and Illicit Trafficking. Some such activities organized are Essay Writing Competition, promoting Yoga, Meditation and Mindfulness for a drug free lifestyle, showcasing best practices under NMBA, engaging university students to lead the Drug-free campaign, Leading from margins: Role of women in making Drug-free India etc. With these programmes, Department of Social Justice & Empowerment will ensure to reach out the Abhiyaan in whole Country as Jan Andolan.

All the States/UTs and DCs/DMs across the country have also been requested to take necessary steps for conducting/ organizing various programmes/ events such as rallies, cultural events, seminars, workshops, pledge along with wide publicity through media including social media platform against drug abuse under NMBA at the State as well as district level.

Besides, above, National Institute of Social Defence (NISD), an Autonomous Body under the aegis of this Ministry, is also undertaking various activities from 24 th to 28 th June 2024 like live quiz, awareness programmes, discussion with experts, individuals and families of affected persons, sharing of experience, etc. to commemorate the occasion of International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking.

To ensure that the occasion is aptly utilized, all NGOs/VOs supported under NAPDDR by this  Ministry, also conducted/ organized shapath, painting competition, essay competition, tree  plantation, nukkad nattak competition, indoor games competition, marathon/ walkathon/ cycle/bike rally with wide publicity against drug abuse under NMBA from 20-26 th June, 2024.

Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan  (NMBA)

This Ministry has initiated ambitious Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan  (NMBA) and currently operational in all districts of the country with an aim to create awareness about ill effects of substance abuse among the youth, with special focus on higher education institutes, university campuses, schools and reaching out into the community and garnering community involvement and ownership of the Abhiyaan.

Achievements of NMBA:

Till now, through the various activities undertaken on-ground, 11+ crore people have been sensitized on substance use including 3.50+ Crore Youth and 2.32+ Crore Women.

Participation of 3.35+ Lakh educational institutions has ensured that the message of the Abhiyaan reaches children and youth of the country.

A strong force of 8,000+ Master Volunteers (MVs) have been identified and trained.

Awareness through official Social Media accounts of the Abhiyaan on Twitter, Facebook & Instagram.

NMBA Mobile Application developed to gather and collect the data of NMBA activities and represent on the NMBA Dashboard at district, state and national level.

NMBA Website (http://nmba.dosje.gov.in) provides detailed information and insights to the user/viewer about the Abhiyaan, an online discussion forum, NMBA dashboard, e-pledge.

A National Online Pledge to be Drug Free had 1.67+ Crore students from 99,595 educational institutions pledging to be drug free.

Events like 'Nashe se Azaadi- A National Youth and Students Interaction Programme', ‘Naya Bharat, Nasha Mukt Bharat’, ‘NMBA Interaction with NCC’ are regularly organized to engage and connect with youth and other stakeholders.

MoUs have been signed with Spiritual/Social Service organizations like The Art of Living, Brahma Kumaris, Sant Nirankari Mission, Ram Chandra Mission (Daaji), ISKCON and All World Gayatri Parivaar to support to NMBA and conduct mass awareness activities.

Technology     and      Social  media  have been effectively   utilized to spread the message of the Abhiyaan online by creating handles on Facebook, Twitter & Instagram and sharing daily updates on them.

An Android based mobile Application has been developed to capture the data of activities happening on ground on a real-time basis by the districts and master volunteers. This App has been placed on the Google Play Store.

All the de-addiction facilities have been geo-tagged for ease of access by the public. 

The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment is the nodal Ministry for drug demand reduction in the country, which coordinates and monitors all aspects of drug abuse prevention, assessment of the extent of the problem, preventive action, treatment and rehabilitation of users, dissemination of information.

Substance use disorder is an issue, which is adversely affecting the social fabric of the country. Dependence to any substance not only affects the individual’s health but also disrupts their families and the whole society. Regular consumption of various psychoactive substances leads to dependence of the individual. Some substance compounds may lead to neuro-psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular   diseases, as well as accidents, suicides and violence. Therefore, substance use and dependence needs to be viewed as a psycho-social-medical problem.

Stowe Woman Accused of Attempting to Smuggle Drug-Soaked Documents into Pittsburgh Court

A Stowe woman, Alisha Hunt, has been charged with attempting to sneak contraband to her boyfriend during his court appearance in downtown Pittsburgh. According to a TribLIVE report, Hunt delivered an envelope full of paperwork, suspected of being soaked with synthetic cannabinoids, to a third party outside Pittsburgh Municipal Court before her boyfriend's hearing.

The intended recipient of the drug-soaked documents was Justin Allen, who was in court facing charges related to contraband found earlier in his Allegheny County Jail cell. Allen repeatedly sought the envelope during the hearing, prompting suspicion from deputies. Upon inspection, authorities found the papers – described as a fictitious employment contract – stained with a substance, which led to Hunt's arrest. Hunt's actions may speak to a desperation or a naivete, her efforts to aid her boyfriend could cost her dearly in legal repercussions.

Further investigation revealed "phone calls, messages and video calls" exchanged between Hunt and Allen discussing plans about the paperwork. These conversations included "explicitly" descriptions of the employment information, which, according to  TribLIVE , matched the documents seized by officers.

Hunt is currently held in Allegheny County Jail with a preliminary hearing set for July 3. She faces nine charges, including possession and delivery of drugs and criminal use of a communication facility. While the individual who acted as the intermediary for the documents has not been charged, the focus remains on Hunt's alleged deliberate intent to deliver the contraband. According to TribLIVE, Hunt's bail is set at $25,000. Allen's trial for the unrelated strip club shooting case is scheduled to begin on July 15.

Allegheny County Jail spokesman Jesse Geleynse, along with attorney Patrick Thomassey, representing Allen in the shooting case, have not provided further comments on Hunt's case. This incident underscores ongoing concerns about contraband in the justice system, as officials continue to grapple with creative, yet illegal methods of smuggling illicit substances into correctional facilities.

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Substance Abuse: Adolescent Issues and Interventions Essay

• To find inspiration for your paper and overcome writer’s block
• As a source of information (ensure proper referencing)
• As a template for you assignment

Introduction

The development of substance abuse, risk factors related to substance abuse, the influence of addiction on self-identity, interventions, reference list.

This paper has been aimed at discussing the problem of substance abuse among adolescents. In particular, it focuses on the factors that lead to dependence on drugs on alcohol, for instance, peer-pressure, low self-esteem, family problems, experiences of sexual abuse, and so forth. The proposed interventions include the following measures: 1) regular communication with both parents; 2) paying more attention to the friends of a teenager; 3) limiting the access to money; 4) organizing extra curriculum activities for teenagers.

Substance abuse among adolescents is the problem that requires the joint effort of parents, teachers, and social workers. It can affect families that have various social, racial, or economic characteristics and no one can say that he or she is insured against this risk. This paper is aimed at discussing the factors that contribute to substance abuse among teenagers. Moreover, it is necessary to propose interventions that can prevent adolescents from experimenting with drugs or drinking alcohol.

The development of substance abuse among adolescents can be explained in different ways. The researchers point out that more than 40 percent of teenagers begin to take drugs or drink alcohol in the company of their peers (Ahmad, Khalique, & Khan, 2009, p. 401). These people may believe that drug use is a sign of belonging to the group.

As a rule, they do not want to criticize the behavior of their peers who may believe that drugs and alcohol are acceptable. In their opinion, the rejection of group values can make them outcasts. An adolescent, who has a strong attachment to the group, can abuse substance either to acquire new experiences or in effort to impress his or her friends (Ramirez et al, 2012, p. 39).

Thus, peer pressure is one way to explain this problem. Certainly, peer pressure can also be a positive force, especially when a teenager’s friends lead a healthy lifestyle and do not approve of alcohol or drug abuse. This is the first issue that parents and teachers should take into account.

Secondly, one should remember that this behavior can be caused by some problems within the family. Chassin and Handley believe, teenagers can resort to alcohol and drugs when they do not feel the emotional support and encouragement of parents (2006, p. 136). For them, substance abuse becomes a substitute for normal family relations. Such behavior is more typical of teenagers suffering from domestic violence (Caple & Schub, 2012, p. 1).

Additionally, one should remember that remember that for many teenagers attempt to raise their perceived status and self-esteem by drinking alcoholic beverages or using substances (Ahmad, Khalique, & Khan, 2009, p. 401). In their opinion, this behavior signifies adulthood and independence.

Certainly, this assumption is false but this is how many of them believe. Thus, this problem can be related to the way in which adolescents perceive themselves. These examples suggest that there are different paths that lead to substance abuse problems and intervention should account for various possibilities.

Overall, researchers single out several characteristics of adolescents that may take drugs, namely, low self-esteem, psychological distress, lack of meaningful relations with parents, or contacts with people, usually peers who abuse drugs (Newcomb, 1986, p. 525). These teenagers believe that only peers can offer them help or encouragement. Usually, this belief is not justified, but it is very strong.

However, there are other important indicators that should not be overlooked. For example, statistical evidence suggests that teenagers, who suffered sexual or physical abuse, tend to drink alcohol or use drugs much earlier that their peers (Caple & Schub, 2012, p. 1). These adolescents cannot give vent to their feelings, and they view drugs or alcohol as the only solution available to them. Additionally, one should remember about such a factor as the structure of the family.

A teenager growing up in a two-family household is less likely to get addicted to alcohol or drugs (Caple & Schub, 2012, p. 1). Surely, one cannot assume that adolescents from single-parent families are always prone to drug abuse or alcohol consumption. However, it is easier for teenagers to cope with stress when they can communicate with both parents.

Parenting style can either increase or decrease the likelihood of substance abuse among teenagers. Over-permissiveness is strongly correlated with alcohol consumption (Caple & Schub, 2012, p. 2). For example, adolescents are more likely to use drugs if their parents give them unlimited access to money (McCrystal, Percy, &Higgins, 2007, p. 26). Yet, authoritarian parenting can also lead to substance abuse.

So, parents should find a balance between control over their children and permissiveness. The risk factors that have been discussed cannot be applied to every case of substance abuse among adolescents; yet, they are very widespread. Therefore, educators should pay more attention to the needs of these teenagers, because they are more exposed to the risk of substance abuse.

Drug abuse and subsequent addiction affects the self-identity of teenagers. In part, this influence can be explained with the help of social learning theory developed by Albert Bandura. It postulates that an individual learns behavioral norms by observing those people who are close to him or her (Wodarski, 1990, 670). A teenager, who wants to appear stronger or more independent, may emulate the habits of older peers and these people may abuse drugs or alcohol (Wodarski, 1990, 670).

Moreover, one should not forget that mass media, especially television are full of images suggesting alcohol consumption is acceptable for adults. Thus, this person begins to think that substance is an attribute of adulthood. Such teenagers may believe that they are strong, self-sufficient, and independent of their parents. However, later they are not able to perceive themselves in this way. They understand that they have become addicted to drugs or alcohol.

They see that they do not have any control over the situation. The awareness of this fact can lead to low self-esteem and feeling of worthlessness. Thus, it is possible to argue that addiction distorts the self-identity of an individual. At first, it creates an illusion of power or independence, but eventually results into the feeling of helplessness. These are the main effects of addiction on the self-identity of a teenager.

There are several interventions that can reduce the risk of substance abuse among adolescent. First of all, parents should remember that regular communication with both parents reduces the risk of deviant behavior, including drug abuse (Caple & Schub, 2012, p. 1). Thus, parents should make sure that they can talk to a child at least once a day.

Divorced parents should not prevent one another from seeing a child. A teenager should know that he or she can rely on other members of the family. As a result, this person will not feel the need to use drugs and seek the support of peers.

Secondly, parents should learn more about the friends of their children. For example, they should know how they spend time, and what they are interested in. By doing so, parents can determine whether their children’s friends have a good or bad influence over them. This is why parents should not prohibit their children from inviting their friends to the house. Moreover, parents can even occasionally organize small parties for them. In this way, they learn much more about the friends of their children.

The third intervention that researchers recommend is to limit a teenager’s access to money (McCrystal, Percy, &Higgins, 2007, p. 26). The findings suggest that uncontrolled access to money at the age of 13 or 14 increases the probability of drug use (McCrystal, Percy, &Higgins, 2007, p. 26).

Thus, parents should be attentive to how their children spend money. Certainly, people cannot always know for what kind of purposes their children need money. However, they should be very careful when a child asks for extra cash because this cash can be needed for drugs or alcohol.

In turn, teachers should encourage children’s participation in school life when it is possible. Special attention should be paid to extra curriculum activities because a student, who has certain interests or goals, will be less attracted to alcohol and drugs. For example, schools can establish study groups for children who may be interested in different subjects like biology, chemistry, mathematics, and so forth. In this way, they can divert adolescents’ attention from drugs.

Additionally, they should be very attentive to academic performance of students. The thing is that poor grades and continuous absence from school may indicate at some emotional problems or even substance abuse. At any rate, parents should be warned about these issues as soon as possible.

On the whole, drug abuse and alcohol consumption are the problems that can affect the life of almost any family irrespective of its income level, ethnic origins , or education background. The examples discussed in this paper suggest that teenagers are torn between their need for independence and the need for support.

The proposed intervention are premised on the idea that the child, who feels the support of parents and who has some interests, is less interested in alcohol or drugs because they create no value for him or her. Moreover, this adolescent will be more resistant to peer pressure.

Ahmad, A., Khalique, N., & Khan, Z. (2009). Analysis of Substance Abuse in Male Adolescents. Iranian Journal of Pediatrics, 19 (4), 399-403.

Caple, C., & Schub, T. (2012). Substance Abuse in Adolescence: Risk/Protective Factors. CINAHL Nursing Guide, 1-2.

Chassin, L., & Handley, E. D. (2006). Parents and Families as Contexts for the Development of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders. Psychology Of Addictive Behaviors, 20 (2), 135.

McCrystal, P., Percy, A., & Higgins, K. (2007). The cost of drug use in adolescence: Young people, money and substance abuse. Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy, 14 (1), 19-28.

Newcomb, M. M. (1986). Risk Factors for Drug Use among Adolescents: Concurrent and Longitudinal Analyses. American Journal Of Public Health, 76 (5), 525-540.

Ramirez, R., Hinman, A., Sterling, S., Weisner, C., & Campbell, C. (2012). Peer Influences on Adolescent Alcohol and Other Drug Use Outcomes. Journal Of Nursing Scholarship, 44 (1), 36-44.

Wodarski, J. S. (1990). Adolescent substance abuse: Practice implications. Adolescence, 25 (99), 667-688.

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IvyPanda. (2019, May 14). Substance Abuse: Adolescent Issues and Interventions. https://ivypanda.com/essays/substance-abuse-adolescent-issues-and-interventions-essay/

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IvyPanda . (2019) 'Substance Abuse: Adolescent Issues and Interventions'. 14 May.

IvyPanda . 2019. "Substance Abuse: Adolescent Issues and Interventions." May 14, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/substance-abuse-adolescent-issues-and-interventions-essay/.

1. IvyPanda . "Substance Abuse: Adolescent Issues and Interventions." May 14, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/substance-abuse-adolescent-issues-and-interventions-essay/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "Substance Abuse: Adolescent Issues and Interventions." May 14, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/substance-abuse-adolescent-issues-and-interventions-essay/.

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Local Moratoriums for Ohio Adult Use Marijuana Operators

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Introduction

In November 2023, 57% of Ohio voters voted for Issue 2 , a ballot initiative which legalized adult recreational marijuana use and tasked the Ohio Departments of Commerce and Development with implementing a legal recreational cannabis industry in the state. As of December 7, 2023, individuals 21 years and older can legally consume and possess marijuana throughout Ohio, although recreational dispensaries are not expected to open until the summer or early fall of 2024. Like most other states that have legalized cannabis for recreational use, Ohio allows local jurisdictions to enact ordinances to prohibit or limit the operation of adult-use cannabis businesses within their boundaries. This page presents information on 55 active local moratoriums enacted by Ohio jurisdictions as of June 13, 2024. Two locations, Austintown Township and Lakewood, have rescinded their moratoriums as of early June 2024. Please note that the list of moratoriums may not be comprehensive and will continue to be updated as new information becomes available.

Figure 1. Ohio localities with a moratorium for adult use marijuana operators

Local Prohibition Statute and Host Community Fund

The incorporation of a local business prohibition statute is common among the 24 states that have legalized adult cannabis use for recreational purposes. Only four states out of these 24—New Mexico, Rhode Island, Maryland, and Minnesota—do not give localities the power to prohibit businesses, although these states give localities the right to enact reasonable restrictions on time, place and manner of consumption. The extent to which localities opt out of the legal recreational market varies. For instance, in Michigan 73% of municipalities (1,300 out of 1,773) opted out; [1] in New York, only about 50% of municipalities (753 out of 1,520) opted out of allowing dispensaries within their boundaries. [2] . In comparison, the 55 Ohio municipalities that have passed moratoriums as of June 13, 2024, represent only a small fraction (just over 2%) of the 924 incorporated municipalities and 1,307 townships in the state of Ohio.

Ohio’s Issue 2 enacted Ohio Revised Code Section 3780.25, under which localities can enact ordinances prohibiting the operation of adult-use businesses, although they may not prohibit the operation of existing medical cannabis operators that are already located within their jurisdiction. Additionally, localities cannot pass ordinances prohibiting or limiting marijuana-related research conducted at state universities, levy a tax, fee, or charge on adult-use operators that are not being levied on other businesses within the municipal corporation or township, and they cannot prohibit or limit home grow, or any other activity authorized under Chapter 3780.

If a dispensary license is issued by the Division of Cannabis Control for a locality that does not have a moratorium in place, the locality has 120 days to enact an ordinance prohibiting the operations of the dispensary. Upon passage of the ordinance, the dispensary has 60 days to cease operations, or begin the process of initiating a petition to operate that would have to be voted on at the next general election.

Host Community Fund

While the current law gives communities the power to prohibit adult-use cannabis operators from their jurisdictions, it also created an incentive for municipalities to allow operators by establishing the Host Community Fund. Thirty-six percent of the recreational cannabis excise tax revenue collected by the state will be directed to the Host Community Fund, which is then distributed to municipal corporations or townships that have adult use dispensaries. This revenue, along with the local sales tax collected from the sale of recreational marijuana, can be used by communities to fund their own priorities. [3]

The State of Local Moratoriums

As of June 13, 2024, 55 Ohio municipal corporations or townships passed moratoriums prohibiting adult-use cannabis businesses. We were able to collect the language of 49 of these moratoriums. [4] The 55 jurisdictions represent just under 10% of Ohio’s population, with the average population of moratorium localities hovering just below 21,000 residents.

Figure 2. Ohio moratoriums by jurisdiction’s population size

Of the 49 ordinances we collected, 48 jurisdictions enacted full moratoriums for all types of adult use operators. As shown in Table 1 below, 11 of these jurisdictions have left the length of the moratorium undefined, while the other jurisdictions averaged a moratorium of approximately nine months—19 are a full year or longer, while nine are six months or shorter. A handful of jurisdictions that enacted adult-use moratoriums already have operating medical marijuana establishments.

Table 1. Jurisdictions with Active Moratoriums and Licensed Medical Marijuana Establishments

The moratoriums are generally brief and often describe the need to ensure “public peace, health, safety, and welfare of [the locality’s] citizens.” The moratoriums also often cite the need for time to review current ordinances and identify any conflicting laws with state laws legalizing marijuana, or to wait for lawmakers in the Ohio General Assembly to revise Issue 2 before making any changes to their own code. Multiple jurisdictions have indicated an intent to actively study current law and create recommendations for their locality once the final state rules for the adult-use recreational industry are adopted.

Table 2. Stated purposes and intents of local moratoriums

Enduring Consideration for Localities

While approaching a recreational cannabis market carefully might be prudent, localities that prohibit adult-use operators are foregoing potentially significant tax revenue stemming from cannabis businesses being located within their boundaries. Though Ohio tax revenues will not begin to accrue until the second half of 2024, revenues soon thereafter are forecasted to be considerable. [5] In addition to money allocated through the Host Community Fund, localities with active adult-use operators will generate local sales tax revenue that can be used for purposes specific to the community.

Moratoriums also limit opportunities for local entrepreneurs seeking to enter the adult-use market as well as possible employment prospects for local residents. For instance, according to some reports, Michigan’s cannabis industry has created 45,000 full-time positions. [6] Because cannabis businesses advance economic development in myriad ways, municipalities and townships considering moratoriums need to weigh not only public health and public safety concerns, but also the potential benefits of economic development, job creation, and tax revenue.

Lastly, localities should consider the possibility that prohibiting adult-use operators could have the unintended effect of increasing efforts to access cannabis through other means by local residents. Localities cannot make cannabis possession or use or even home grow illegal, and some local citizens are likely to seek out cannabis despite local bans through home grow efforts, or by traveling to nearby localities to find legal stores, or by turning to illicit markets to fill the void. Localities should continuously examine whether public health and public safety concerns are best served through local prohibitions or through well-crafted regulatory efforts.

[1]  Ken Haddad, “Here is which Michigan communities are opted out of adult-use marijuana sales”, December 12, 2023. Click on Detroit . https://www.clickondetroit.com/news/michigan/2023/12/12/heres-which-michigan-communities-are-opted-out-of-adult-use-marijuana-sales/

[2] Marijuana Opt-Out Tracker, Rockefeller Institute of Government, SUNY. https://rockinst.org/issue-areas/state-local-government/municipal-opt-out-tracker/

[3] The wording in the statute is as follows: “Thirty-six per cent to the host community cannabis fund for the benefit of municipal corporations or townships that have adult use dispensaries, and the municipal corporations or townships may use such funds for any approved purpose.” It is not clear what “approved purpose” means and which department, if any, is tasked with defining “approved purposes”.

[4] Avon Lake has enacted both a public consumption and adult use retail moratorium ordinances. Our center has collected language for both ordinances but does not include the public consumption ordinance in our count.

[5] Jana Hrdinova and Dexter Ridgway, “What Tax Revenues Should Ohioans Expect If Ohio Legalizes Adult-Use Cannabis?”, August 2023. Drug Enforcement and Policy Center. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4537855

[6] Angela Mulka, “Michigan's cannabis industry employs more than 46,000 workers”, April 26, 2024. Pioneer . https://www.bigrapidsnews.com/news/article/michigan-cannabis-industry-second-largest-in-us-19420833.php

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Legal weed limps into next phase in Germany

Agence france-presse.

So-called cannabis clubs will be allowed to sell the drug legally in Germany starting Monday, but in practice it will be some time before the associations get up and running.

Germany legalized cannabis in April, allowing adults to possess 25 grams (0.9 ounces) and cultivate up to three marijuana plants at home.

As the next step in the reform, from July 1 it will be possible to legally obtain weed through regulated "cannabis clubs" in the country.

The associations will be allowed to have up to 500 members each and will be able to distribute up to 50 grammes of cannabis per person per month.

Mariana Cannabis, an umbrella organization for around 180 future cannabis clubs across Germany, already has around 20,000 members.

But at the group's production site in Leverkusen, just north of the western city of Cologne, there are no seeds or cuttings to be seen.

That is because before the clubs can begin operating, they must apply for a license that can take up to three months to obtain.

"We are impatient, but we still have to wait," Keno Mennenga, a spokesman for Mariana Cannabis, told AFP.

- Black market -

In Munich, members of the Cantura cannabis club have been paying 25 euros ($27) a month since March, before the first part of the law even came into force.

The club has invested thousands of euros in office space, security and cultivation equipment, according to its CEO, Fabian Baumann.

"We need around eight weeks from cutting to harvesting," he said. "If everything goes well, we'll be able to supply cannabis to our members this year. That would be wonderful."

When launching the first phase of the law in April, the German government insisted that it was not promoting cannabis use but rather seeking to curb the black market for the drug.

"The German model is based on a gradual approach. The idea is to be cautious and to evaluate in real time," said Ivana Obradovic, an expert with the France-based Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (OFDT).

She said the model had incorporated lessons from several other systems that have been tested around the world.

"The idea is to keep control of supply so that it doesn't prosper rapidly," Obradovic said.

In the United States, the legalization of cannabis in many states has created "a situation of overproduction, particularly in California and Oregon, where production exceeds local demand by five to six times", she said.

Nonetheless, all countries that have legalized cannabis have seen some level of decline in black market sales.

In Canada, around 75 percent of cannabis users now buy through legal channels, compared with just 40 percent in 2018, the year the drug was legalized, according to the OFDT.

Mennenga, at Mariana Cannabis, acknowledged that in Germany, "The black market is in control and it's getting worse".

"We can stop it getting worse."

- Political fears -

Bluetezeit, a Berlin-based start-up specializing in cannabis products, hopes that Germany will eventually authorize the sale of the drug in pharmacies or licensed shops.

For Nikolaos Katsaras, head of the company, only a competitive and lucrative legal market can compete with a black market that has been established for years.

In the meantime, Bluetezeit has already built up an online community of 10,000 members.

The company plans to develop cannabis clubs while also selling cannabis products online and offering consultations for people who want to use the drug for medical purposes.

Katsaras said he aimed to "take the pulse of the market" in deciding the right direction for the company.

His only fear is that a general election set for Germany in 2025 brings a change of government, which could put the brakes on the industry's development.

Friedrich Merz, leader of the Christian Democrats (CDU), the main opposition party, has said he will annul the legalisation of cannabis if his party returns to power.

Stories Chosen For You

Should trump be allowed to run for office, panamanian court acquits 28 people tied to 'panama papers' scandal.

A Panamanian court on Friday acquitted 28 people charged with money laundering in connection with the now-defunct law firm Mossack Fonseca, the epicenter of the "Panama Papers" international tax evasion scandal.

Among those acquitted were the firm's founders, Jurgen Mossack and Ramon Fonseca, the latter of whom died in May in a Panamanian hospital.

During the trial, which was held in Panama City in April, the prosecution asked for 12 years in prison for the duo, the maximum sentence for money laundering.

However, Judge Baloisa Marquinez acquitted the pair and 26 others after finding that evidence taken from the law firm's servers had not been gathered in line with due process, raising doubts about its "authenticity and integrity," a court statement said.

The judge also ruled that "the rest of the evidence was not sufficient and conclusive to determine the criminal responsibility of the defendants," the court statement said.

Leaked documents from Mossack Fonseca in 2016 revealed how many of the world's wealthy stashed assets in offshore companies, triggering scores of investigations around the globe.

Those implicated included former British premier David Cameron, Russian President Vladimir Putin, football star Lionel Messi, Argentina's then-president Mauricio Macri and Spanish filmmaker Pedro Almodovar, to name but a few.

- 'Justice has been done' -

Panamanian prosecutors had alleged that Mossack and Fonseca helped create opaque companies in which executives of the German multinational Siemens deposited millions of euros outside the company's official accounts.

They were also charged with helping divert money from a massive fraud in Argentina.

"Justice has been done, we are extremely satisfied with the ruling handed down by the judge," Guillermina McDonald, lawyer for Mossack and other defendants, told AFP.

However, "we are a little sad because along the way we lost Mr. Ramon Fonseca, and he has not been able to see this result," she added.

The trial began eight years after the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) began publishing the "Panama Papers" on April 3, 2016.

The investigation , based on 11.5 million leaked documents from Mossack Fonseca, revealed how personalities from around the world hid properties, companies, assets and profits to evade taxes or launder money.

To do so, they created companies through the firm, opening bank accounts and creating shell foundations in multiple countries to hide money, which in some cases came from illicit activities, according to the investigation.

The scandal led to the closure of Mossack Fonseca and shaped the international image of Panama as an offshore tax haven.

Offshore companies are not in themselves illegal, and there are numerous legitimate reasons for using them. But they can also be used to launder the proceeds of criminal activities or to conceal misappropriated or politically inconvenient wealth.

"Truly there has been a great injustice that has been done," Mossack said after the conclusion of the hearing.

"Both my partner and all the people who have worked with me have been serious, honest and correct people," he added.

Five IS bombs found hidden in iconic Iraq mosque: UN agency

A United Nations agency said it has discovered five bombs in a wall of Mosul's iconic Al-Nuri mosque, planted years ago by Islamic State group jihadists, during restoration work in the northern Iraqi city.

Five "large-scale explosive devices, designed to trigger a massive destruction of the site," were found in the southern wall of the prayer hall on Tuesday by the UNESCO team working at the site, a representative for the agency told AFP late Friday.

Mosul's Al-Nuri mosque and the adjacent leaning minaret nicknamed Al-Hadba or the "hunchback", which dates from the 12th century, were destroyed during the battle to retake the city from IS.

Iraq's army accused IS, which occupied Mosul for three years, of planting explosives at the site and blowing it up.

UNESCO, the UN cultural agency, has been working to restore the mosque and other architectural heritage sites in the city, much of it reduced to rubble in the battle to retake it in 2017.

"The Iraqi armed forces immediately secured the area and the situation is now fully under control," UNESCO added.

One bomb was removed, but four other 1.5-kilogram (3.3-pound) devices "remain connected to each other" and are expected to be cleared in the coming days, it said.

- 'Complex manufacturing' -

"These explosive devices were hidden inside a wall, which was specially rebuilt around them: it explains why they could not be discovered when the site was cleared by Iraqi forces" in 2020, the agency said.

Iraqi General Tahseen al-Khafaji, spokesperson for the Joint Operations Command of various Iraqi forces, confirmed the discovery of "several explosive devices from ISIS jihadists in Al-Nuri mosque."

He said provincial deminers requested help from the Defence Ministry in Baghdad to defuse the remaining munitions because of their "complex manufacturing".

Construction work has been suspended at the site until the bombs are removed.

It was from Al-Nuri mosque that Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi, the then-leader of IS, proclaimed the establishment of the group's "caliphate" in July 2014.

The jihadists took over large swathes of territory in Iraq and neighboring Syria, which they ruled with brutality.

Iraqi forces backed by a US-led coalition drove IS out of Mosul in 2017.

The Al-Nuri mosque derives its name from Nureddine al-Zinki, the unifier of Syria who also reigned for a time over Mosul and ordered its construction in 1172.

It was destroyed and rebuilt in 1942 in a renovation project, with only the ancient minaret remaining from the original structure.

The current restoration of Al-Nuri, largely funded by the United Arab Emirates, is still expected to be completed in December 2024.

This, said UNESCO, will finally erase "the stigma" of IS occupation.

The minaret -- which will be reconstructed at a slant upon the request of locals -- is being rebuilt with 45,000 of the original bricks saved from the rubble, only a third of the original structure.

The bomb scare was not the first surprise discovery at Al-Nuri. In January 2022, restoration teams unearthed an underground prayer room from the original 12th century building.

Audience for Biden-Trump debate down sharply from 2020

The first debate between US President Joe Biden and his predecessor Donald Trump drew 47.9 million viewers across all channels on Thursday evening, according to CNN -- down sharply from 2020.

The program, produced by CNN and presented by two of its best-known journalists, fell 35 percent short of the 73.1 million viewers who tuned in on September 29, 2020, which pitted the same two candidates against each other for the first time.

The second debate of the 2020 presidential election attracted 63 million viewers.

Despite this marked decline, the audience for Thursday's live broadcast was the largest seen this year in the US outside of sporting events, CNN said in a statement Friday.

Viewer ratings agency Nielsen put the audience a notch higher than CNN's count, at 51.3 million viewers across the US networks.

As host of the debate, CNN offered to broadcast it on other channels, which all major American stations agreed to do, including its rival, Fox News.

Just over nine million viewers tuned in on CNN, ahead of Fox News (8.8 million), according to the channel's own figures.

CNN clocked up 11.4 million viewers across all of its networks, 27 percent higher than the number who tuned in for the first debate of 2020.

The debate marked what may yet prove a turning point for Biden, who repeatedly hesitated, tripped over words and lost his train of thought -- a performance that contrasted with Trump's usual pugnacity and false or misleading statements, most of which went unchallenged.

The American media reported a wave of concern in the Democratic camp after the debate, with many pundits calling for the president to throw in the towel. Biden dismissed this scenario on Friday.

‘This was awful’: Congressional Dems deflated after Biden debate disaster

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