how to write a cover letter uva

Resumes and Cover Letters

Samples, tips and resources for perfecting your resume and crafting your cover letter

Sample Resumes, Cover Letters, and Templates

• FIRST YEAR RESUMES
• ENGINEERING RESUMES
• GENERAL RESUMES
• SAMPLE RESUME TEMPLATE
• SAMPLE COVER LETTERS

Resume Reviews

1. VMOCK :  an online resume review tool that uses data science, machine learning and natural language processing to provide instant personalized feedback.

2. Resume workshops and employer resume reviews are offered throughout the year: upcoming RESUME EVENTS  in Handshake.

3. Schedule a Resume/Cover Letter Review appointment with a member of our team through HANDSHAKE .

Resume Format

• 1-page (front only)
• Margins .5-.75 inch on all four sides
• Font 10-12 (a sans serif font, like Calibri, may be more reader friendly on a screen)
• Consistency (with size of dashes, type of bullet point you use, what you choose to bold or italicize throughout, etc.)

Resume Content

• Include keywords and language from the job description in your resume content whenever possible
• List the sections of your resume in order of relevance/interest to the reader - your goal is to have all of your related experience at the top of your resume
• Ditch complete sentences and use phrases beginning with STRONG ACTIVE VERBS instead
• Go beyond simply summarizing your duties – demonstrate impact and results when possible
• Provide the most detail for the related experiences on your resume (3-4 bullet points)
• List your most revelant bullet points first

Engineering Specific Resume Tips

Know your audience to target your resume.

If you're applying to a highly technical positon within your field of study and experience, crafting bullet points with technical language, jargon, acronyms, and details may be very appropriate. When applying to an opportunity that's more inter-discplinary or business-oriented, consider framing technical projects or experiences in a way your audience can understand, perhaps removing some of the techincal jargon. How would you describe the experience to a friend outside of the Engineering School? Sometimes sharing the big picture can help you connect more with readers.

Develop a "Master Resume" from which you can subsequently draw to create "Tailored Resumes" for job applications.

Employers want to read about your projects, including those from the classroom and others you may work on in your free time. Course projects highlight your emerging technical skills and knowledge, as well as your ability to work collaboratively, present your ideas effectively, and meet deadlines. 

Consider including projects in a section titled "Relevant Experience", "Technical Projects", or something similar.

Just as with projects, employers want to learn about the technical skills you've developed in the classroom along with those that are self-taught. Many engineering students have 1-2 lines in their Skills section, for example:

Microsoft Office, experienced in Autodesk Inventor, C/C++, Java, MathCAD, Mathematica, and Eclipse 

SOLIDWORKS, Autodesk Inventor, AutoCAD, MATLAB, Java, Minitab, ImageJ, 3D printing

Depending on your interests, you may find it helpful to include sub-categories of skills to help readers skim them more easily. Below are various way to sub-divide your skills section, with samples directly from the resumes of alumni.

Languages : Java, XML, C, C++, JavaScript, SQL, HTML, UML  Tools : Borland JBuilder, Sun ONE Studio (Forte), Macromedia Dreamweaver MX, Rational Rose, UltraEdit-32, Borland CBuilder, Oracle SQL Plus  Operating Systems : Windows (XP, 2000, NT), IBM OS/2 2.0, HP-UX 9.0, DEC VMS 4.1, Unix (Linux and Sun Solaris). Software : Solidworks, MS Office, Autodesk Inventor, Siemens NX 9 Hardware : Electronics prototyping, 3D Printing, Soldering, Oscilloscopes & DMMs for testing/debugging Programming : Java, C, C++, Python, MATLAB, Embedded Systems, Android; Linux & Terminal Program & Data Representation : C++, Linux, Assembly, Data Structures & Implementation Mechatronics : C, Electronics & Prototyping, Debugging, Basic Control Algorithms, CNC Machining

In addition to listing your skills in a stand-alone Skills section, include the skills you most want to highlight ( especially if they're mentioned in the job description ) in your bullet points as well. By doing so, you're showing an employer a specific instance in which you used the skill, versus simply listing it in the Skills section. For example, "Simulated effect of novel device on blood flow through left ventricle using Autodesk CFD and SOLIDWORKS". 

OTHER EXPERIENCES

If you particpate in hackathons, case competitions, or other skill and knowleged-based challenges, include them on your resume. Employers like to see that you pursue your interests outside of the classroom environment. 

Crafting Strong Bullet Points

Start by jotting down any of the tasks you remember performing – big or small – for the master version of your resume.

Then for each of those, ask yourself: WHY did I do this (what was the greater purpose? For example, “Collected and analyzed XYZ data in order to/resulting in/…” and here you continue with sharing what your research is trying to inform or improve – what’s the purpose of the research in terms of knowledge it’s trying to create or what practical application might it have)

WHO did I do this with (highlight examples of teamwork – “Collaborated with a research team of 5…” or “Worked closely with a doctoral student and post-doc to investigate ABC and XYZ in order to…”)

HOW did I do this (share instruments, research/lab techniques, and computer skills you used to complete the task and/or a process you applied)

How can I QUANTIFY this (the number of people you worked with, the number of experiments conducted or pages in a technical report, the % increase or decrease that resulted from your work or the potential % increase or decrease, or a dollar amount – the potential to make, save, fundraise, etc.)

What were the RESULTS of my work and/or what did I ACCOMPLISH ? If you were gathering data this summer and found a small way to improve the process that resulted in more accurate measurements or perhaps it reduced the time required to collect samples, you’ve just improved the results for the company or saved the time and money! Share these small or big wins so that future readers get a sense that you bring results to whatever you work on.

You don’t be able to answer every question for every bullet point, and you don’t need to. But by asking these questions, you can create strong bullet points.

Cover Letter Samples and Tips

A cover letter is a vital tool in marketing yourself to prospective employers for several reasons:  – An effective cover letter will draw attention to your qualifications and experiences that are most relevant to the position for which you are applying.  – Employers often use letters to assess the written communication skills that you will need for any position.  – A letter provides you the opportunity to convey to a potential employer your interest, enthusiasm, and other personal attributes that are not easily expressed in a resume alone.

Cover letters can play an important role in helping you gain interviews. For these reasons, it is important that you prepare your written job search correspondence with as much care as you used when constructing your resume.

What should a cover letter include?

Instead of "To Whom It May Concern" or "Dear Sir or Madam", which you may read elsewhere online, employers tell us that they prefer "Dear Hiring Manager", "Dear (name of company) Recruiting Team", or "Dear FirstName LastName". 

OPENING PARAGRAPH

In the first paragraph, indicate why you are writing and where you heard about the position. Mention UVA and your year and major(s). Make sure to include the specific position title for which you are applying. If an individual or personal contact referred you to the organization, and/or you’ve interacted with company representatives at career fairs, info sessions, or other events, mention their names and events you attended. Consider ending the first paragraph with a sentence that identifies 2-4 skills or experiences you have that will help you contribute to the organization. Keep the first paragraph brief and attention grabbing.

Example 1:   I am a fourth year student at the University of Virginia majoring in Mechanical Engineering as well as minoring in Engineering Business and am writing to apply for the Systems Engineering position at Booz Allen Hamilton. While I have harnessed technical skills through the Mechanical Engineering degree, I am also fascinated by the systems development lifecycle and the integration of product teams and groups that a systems engineering career presents. I enjoyed speaking to ( Recruiter's Name ) at the Engineering Career fair as well as talking to some UVA alumni. After learning more about the company, I believe that I have the strong technical skills, academic background, and enthusiasm to work for and contribute to the successful atmosphere of Booz Allen Hamilton.

Example 2:   Over the last few weeks, I met with you and many of your coworkers to learn about Deloitte and how to become a member of the Deloitte team. After hearing presentations, talking to representatives at events and career fairs and reading about an available position on the firm’s website and through Handshake at the University of Virginia, I am interested in a Federal Business Technology Analyst position with your firm upon completion of my degree. I will be graduating this May with a Bachelor of Science in Biomedical Engineering. I believe the fit between my skills and interests and your needs would make me an asset to your organization.

Example 3:   I am a senior Mechanical Engineering student at the University of Virginia (UVA), and I have had a strong interest in the automotive community ever since my father first took me out to the garage to work on our vehicles. I've continued to explore this interest during my time at UVA, where I've served as President of our team for the SAE Mini Baja Competition. When I'm not in the classroom, I'm often working on a 1986 K5 Blazer as a personal project. I am emailing you because I am very interested in a full-time entry-level position with International Truck and Engine Corporation and believe that my hands-on project experience, technical expertise, and strong teamwork skills would allow me to be an asset to your team.  

BODY PARAGRAPHS

In one or two paragraphs, detail how you can contribute to the company. Think about concrete examples that illustrate you have the qualifications and skills you identified at the end of the first paragraph. Tell a story about these previous experiences to help the firm understand that you’ll be able to bring these same skills to their team. Make sure not to reproduce your resume in this space, but rather highlight your most pertinent experiences. If you have access to a position description or job listing, specifically address how your background matches the qualifications they are seeking. Your objectives here are to demonstrate that you are a “match” for the position and to stimulate enough interest that the contact person will want to read your resume. Create a “need” for yourself at the company, and indicate your willingness to contribute to the organization.

Example 1:  I have been involved in academic projects that have further helped my teamwork and analytical problem solving skills. In my Introduction to Engineering class, I worked with four other peers to design an off-road baby stroller. We had a customer that introduced himself to the class and gave criteria for the stroller and how it would be tested. As such, we designed, tested, and pitched our stroller to the customer. Through this project I gained valuable design, teamwork, and communication experience that I am excited to utilize in an internship with XYZ company.

Example 2 : 

I initially became interested in consulting because of the opportunity to work with intelligent, driven and creative people. However, it is the fact that consultants utilize their skills to solve real world issues that motivated me to apply for a position at Deloitte. As a BTA, I want to apply my strong problem solving skills and creativity to help clients solve business and IT problems or capitalize on business opportunities. Through my coursework, I have developed the abilities to perform research, integrate information, determine the best solution, and design a plan for its implementation. Many of my courses allowed me to take the work a step further by testing proposals in the real world in areas ranging from medical device design to the improvement of preexisting consumer products. Just as important as the specific abilities I developed through my coursework is the mindset that I formed – a mindset that values practical solutions and visible results. I believe my abilities and mindset would make a career with Deloitte particularly rewarding for me and beneficial for Deloitte’s clients.

My courses often required function as part of a team. This experience helped me develop the skills needed to be an effective team member including the ability to communicate efficiently and effectively with others. I have learned that I possess the flexibility and professionalism necessary to succeed in a group setting, and am excited about the opportunity to draw upon these same attributes when interacting directly with clients and coworkers. As a firm that prides itself on not only developing recommendations but taking the process a step further to deliver tangible results, I believe my experiences are compatible with the mission of Deloitte. I look forward to the opportunity to further discuss my qualifications with you at your convenience.

Example 3: 

I first learned of International Truck and Engine Corporation through my father, who drove a tractor trailer for years.  He would tell me about all the different types of tractors, who made their engines, and which ones were the best. I later saw advertisements on television for the International Power Stroke Diesel and as I come to a close in my college career I realized that I should further my research into your company. I read on your website that you are a fairly large company with many different disciplines, which truly excited me. The ability to see multiple different aspects of a project and how they interact with each other is very important for younger engineers to gain experience with project management. Through my work on the SAE Baja cars, I have had the ability to manage multiple different teams and integrate their designs into one complete vehicle. Also, as the lead of one of those teams, I have had the opportunity to design, analyze, and fabricate multiple components and then incorporate them into a finalized car.

This past summer, I was granted an internship position with NASA under the USRP program. In this position, I conducted multiple CFD analyses using CFDesign. The skills which I gained from using this program would be immensely useful for setting up and analyzing intake flow rates and exhaust flow rates and EGT’s via the heat transfer capabilities.  I also created multiple CAD drawings of mounting brackets for experimental equipment to fly on a DC-8 aircraft.

CLOSING PARAGRAPH

In the closing paragraph, thank readers for their time and consideration. Share your contact information (one email address and phone number – the same ones you share on your resume) and mention that you look forward to hearing from them.

Example 1:  If there is any other information I can provide you with that would be helpful as you assess my candidacy, please contact me at PHONE or at EMAIL. I look forward to hearing from you. Thank you for your time and consideration!

Example 2:   Attached, please find a copy of my resume.  I will be contacting you in the coming weeks to discuss further opportunities within your company.  Please feel free to contact me at (xxx) xxx-xxxx or by email at [email protected] if you have any questions.  Thank you for your time and serious consideration.

Example 3:  Attached to the Handshake site is my resume for review. Please feel free to contact me at PHONE or at EMAIL if you have any further questions or would like additional credentials. Thank you very much for your time and I look forward to hearing from you soon.

And, be sure to include a professional closing of choice, such as "Sincerely" or "Best regards" before including your first and last name.

Cover Letters

Cover letters provide context and bring the strengths and skills listed in your resume to life. Learn to write a cover letter that is compelling and shows you have the right skills for the job.

• How to write a cover letter: The all-time best tips
• I’ve read more than 300 cover letters, and this is how I decide if they’re good or bad within three minutes
• The best cover letter examples for every type of job seeker

The Writing and Rhetoric Program

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• FWR Placement
• Fall 2024 Courses
• Spring 2024 Courses
• Learning Goals
• Faculty Seminar

Welcome to the Writing Center

In Spring 2022, the UVa Writing Center will operate in-person and online in both synchronous (real-time) and asynchronous modes. If you are a returning user who is ready to schedule a consultation, go to our scheduling website . If you are new to the Writing Center, read on for answers to frequently asked questions.

Who Can Use the Writing Center? The resource is available for use by all current UVa students, regardless of year, school, or major.

What Kind of Support Can Writing Consultants Provide?

• Consultants can advise on all stages of the writing process: brainstorming, drafting, revision, argument structure, editing, and other concerns.
• Consultants can help with any kind of writing : essays for classes, conference papers, dissertations/theses, cover letters for applications, personal statements, resumes, etc.
• Consultants can work with native speakers of English and with English-language learners; several of our tutors have specialized training in ESL.

Please note: consultants cannot proofread or edit for you. They also cannot help students with take-home exams unless the instructor has given explicit permission.

How Do I Schedule a Consultation? You will need an account in our scheduling system. Once you have an account, you can log in, choose a day and time, and schedule an appointment. Students can register for one 25-minute appointment or two back-to-back 25 minute appointments per day. One day before your appointment, you will receive an email reminder.

Where Do I Go for My In-Person Consultation? If you chose an in-person consultation, you scheduled it at one of our three in-person sites: 314 Bryan Hall, Clemons 2nd Floor Room 230 or 227, or JPJ Academic Center (for student-athletes).

What If I Need an Online Consultation? Many of our consultants can meet with students online if necessary; you can select an online appointment at the point of booking. To connect with the consultant, you will need a device that can connect to the Internet (computer, laptop, notepad--a phone is not recommended) and a reliable high-speed Internet connection. When it is time for your appointment, log in to https://virginia.mywconline.com , double-click on your appointment, and click "Start or Join Online Consultation." A screen will pop up that provides further instructions, and your tutor will be waiting to chat with you. In case of glitches within the system or factors beyond the student's or consultant's control, the consultant and the student can choose an alternative way to “meet” online: Google Hangouts, FaceTime, Skype, Zoom, phone conversation, etc.

What Happens in a Consultation? Whether online or in-person, you and the consultant will talk about your work. A consultation is a collaborative experience in which you work on your paper with the consultant’s guidance; please do not expect that the consultant will "fix" your paper for you. Together you will read through your writing and discuss ways to develop your ideas and strengthen your work. You may make changes to your writing during the session or take notes for later. At the end, your consultant will write up a brief summary of their main suggestions and email that to you. When an online session ends, the chat transcript and whiteboard text from an online consultation will be saved, and you will be able to return to the appointment to view those documents later.

What Is Asynchronous Response? Asynchronous Response is an option where writers can upload their work, along with a detailed list of concerns and the guidelines/rubric for the assignment, and a consultant will respond within 48 hours with comments sent back to the writer in an email attachment. Students must schedule their consultations at least 48 hours in advance of when they need the feedback. To schedule an Asynchronous Response, choose the "Asynchronous Response" schedule.

Visit our website for more information and for resources to help you become a more confident, capable writer!

Questions? Contact Claire Chantell .

Career Advising and Preparation

Connecting your College degree to life after UVA

The College of Arts and Sciences offers important resources to help you chart a path towards a career goal, prepare holistically for that goal, and successfully take the first steps down the path towards a career.

UVA Catalyst is a program in the College, open to all majors, that prepares students for successful work and civic engagement after graduation. Catalyst combines career-relevant skills courses with core courses that synthesize the critically important intellectual abilities and habits of mind you develop over four years at UVA, teaching you to articulate and apply them in the world of work. The program also features a variety of opportunities for mentorship and networking, as well as close relationships with faculty and peers in small classes.

UVA’s Career Center exists to prepare students for professional careers after graduation. Below are some of the wide range of opportunities they offer.

• Career Counseling aims to acquaint you with the range of resources available and can help narrow down your interests. You can also practice your interview skills, get feedback on a resume, or ask about internships at these appointments.
• Career Fairs bring a range of employers to Grounds with the goal of giving you the chance to network, apply for jobs, and practice your interviewing skills.
• Internship Opportunities abound: You can apply to a variety of possibilities depending on your interests, availability, and career direction.
• Career Communities offer you guidance and opportunities related to specific sets of careers: public service and government, education and youth development, the creative professions, the law, science and sustainability, or healthcare (They also offer pre-health advising).

Finally, throughout your time here at UVA, remember that academic engagement, however important, is only part of the experience. Studies support our confidence that any major in the College—the culmination of your exploratory journey across the depth and breadth of the liberal arts and sciences — is the best preparation for your future success in work and civic leadership after graduation, but the richness of your experience here will go beyond that. UVA is a place where you will develop as a thinker and an engaged global citizen; and as a friend, mentor, and community member. Give yourself the time to attend to all of these important roles. 

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How to Write a Cover Letter

Article written by Amy Gallo for  Harvard Business Review

No one likes job hunting. Scouring through online job listings,  spiffing up your résumé ,  prepping for grueling interviews  — none of it is fun. For many, the most challenging part of the process is writing an effective cover letter. There’s so much conflicting advice out there, it’s hard to know where to start. Do you even need one, especially if you’re applying through an online system?

What the Experts Say

The answer is almost always yes. Sure, there will be times when you’re submitting an application online and you may not be able to include one, but whenever possible, send one, says Jodi Glickman, a communications expert and author of  Great on the Job . “It’s your best chance of getting the attention of the HR person or hiring manager and an important opportunity to distinguish yourself from everyone else.” And in a tight job market, setting yourself apart is critical, says John Lees, a UK-based career strategist and author of  Knockout CV . Still, as anyone who’s ever written a cover letter knows, it’s not easy to do well. Here are some tips to help.

Do your research first.

Before you start writing, find out more about the company and the specific job you want. Of course, you should carefully read the job description, but also peruse the company’s website, its executives’ Twitter feeds, and employee profiles on LinkedIn. This research will help you customize your cover letter, since you shouldn’t send a generic one. It’ll also help you decide on the right tone. “Think about the  culture of the organization  you’re applying to,” advises Glickman. “If it’s a creative agency, like a design shop, you might take more risks, but if it’s a more conservative organization, like a bank, you may hold back.”

If at all possible, reach out to the hiring manager or someone else you know at the company before writing your cover letter, advises Lees. You can send an email or a LinkedIn message “asking a smart question about the job.” That way you can start your letter by referencing the interaction. You might say, “Thanks for the helpful conversation last week” or “I recently spoke to so-and-so at your company.” Of course, it’s not always possible to contact someone — or you may not get a response. That’s OK. It’s still worth a try.

Focus it on the future.

While your résumé is meant to be a look back at your experience and where you’ve been, the cover letter should focus on the future and what you want to do, says Glickman. “It can be helpful to think of it as the bridge between the past and the future that explains what you hope to do next and why.” Because of the pandemic there is less of an expectation that you’ll be applying for a job that you’ve done before. “There are millions of people who are making career changes — voluntarily or involuntarily — and need to pivot and rethink how their skill set relates to a different role or industry,” says Glickman. You can use your cover letter to explain the shift you’re making, perhaps from hospitality to marketing, for example. Think of it as an opportunity to  sell your transferrable skills .

Open strong.

“People typically write themselves into the letter with ‘I’m applying for X job that I saw in Y place.’ That’s a waste,” says Lees. Instead,  lead with a strong opening sentence . “Start with the punch line — why this job is exciting to you and what you bring to the table,” says Glickman. For example, you might write, “I’m an environmental fundraising professional with more than 15 years of experience looking for an opportunity to apply my skills in new ways, and I’d love to bring my expertise and enthusiasm to your growing development team.” Then you can include a sentence or two about your background and your relevant experience, but don’t rehash your résumé.

Chances are the hiring manager or recruiter is reading a stack of these, so you want to catch their attention. But don’t try to be funny. “Humor can often fall flat or sound self-regarding,” says Lees. Stay away from common platitudes, too. “Say something direct and dynamic, such as ‘Let me draw your attention to two reasons why I’d be a great addition to your team.'”

If you have a personal connection with the company or someone who works there, also mention it in the first sentence or two. And always address your letter to someone directly. “With social media, it’s often possible to find the name of a hiring manager,” says Glickman.

Emphasize your personal value.

Hiring managers are looking for people who can help them solve problems. Drawing on the research you did earlier, show that you know what the company does and some of the challenges it faces. These don’t need to be specific but you might mention how the industry has been affected by the pandemic. For example, you might write, “A lot of health care companies are overwhelmed with the need to provide high-quality care while protecting the health and safety of their staff.” Then talk about how your experience has equipped you to meet those needs; perhaps explain how you solved a similar problem in the past or share a relevant accomplishment. You want to provide evidence of the things that set you apart.

Lees points out that there are two skills that are relevant to almost any job right now: adaptability and the ability to learn quickly. If you have brief examples that demonstrate these skills, include those. For example, if you supported your team in the shift to remote work, describe how you did that and what capabilities you drew on.

Convey enthusiasm.

 “When you don’t get hired, it’s usually not because of a lack of skills,” says Glickman. “It’s because people didn’t believe your story, that you wanted the job, or that you knew what you were getting into.” Hiring managers are going to go with the candidate who has made it seem like this is their dream job. So  make it clear why you want the position . “Enthusiasm conveys personality,” Lees adds. He suggests writing something like “I’d love to work for your company. Who wouldn’t? You’re the industry leader, setting standards that others only follow.” Don’t bother applying if you’re not excited about some aspect of the company or role.

Watch the tone.

At the same time, don’t go overboard with the flattery or say anything you don’t mean. Authenticity is crucial. “Even if you’ve been out of work for months, and would take any job at this point, you want to  avoid sounding desperate ,” says Lees. You don’t want your tone to undermine your message, so be professional and mature. A good rule of thumb is to put yourself in the shoes of the hiring manager and think about “the kind of language that the hiring manager would use with one of the company’s customers.” Of course, it can be hard to discern your own tone in writing, so you may need to ask someone to review a draft (which is always a good idea anyway — see advice below). Lees says that he often cuts outs “anything that sounds like desperation” when he’s reviewing letters for clients.

Keep it short.

Much of the advice out there says to keep it under a page. But both Glickman and Lees say even shorter is better. “Most cover letters I see are too long,” says Lees. “It should be brief enough that someone can read it at a glance.” You do have to cover a lot of ground — but you should do it succinctly. This is where asking a friend, former colleague, or mentor to review your letter can be helpful. Ask them to read through it and point out places where you can cut.

Get feedback.

In fact, it’s a great idea to share your cover letter with a few people, says Lees. Rather than sending it off and asking, “What do you think?” be specific about the kind of feedback you want. In particular, request two things. First, ask your friend if it’s clear what your main point is. What’s the story you’re telling? Are they able to summarize it? Second, ask them what’s wrong with the letter. “Other people are more attuned to desperation, overselling, over-modesty, and underselling,” says Lees, and they should be able to point out places where the tone is off.

When you can’t submit a cover letter.

Many companies now use online application systems that don’t allow for a cover letter. You may be able to figure out how to include one in the same document as your résumé, but that’s not a guarantee, especially because some systems only allow for data to be entered into specific boxes. In these cases, use the format you’re given to demonstrate your ability to do the job and your enthusiasm for the role. If possible, you may try to find someone to whom you can  send a brief follow-up email  highlighting a few key points about your application.

Principles to Remember

• Have a strong opening statement that makes clear why you want the job and what you bring to the table.
• Be succinct — a hiring manager should be able to read your letter at a glance.
• Share an accomplishment that shows you can address the challenges the employer is facing.
• Try to be funny — too often it falls flat.
• Send a generic cover letter — customize each one for the specific job.
• Go overboard with flattery — be professional and mature.

UVA Career Center

A resume is -.

A marketing tool  

An individually designed document 

Highlights your background, experience, and skills  

Used by employers as a screening device  

One piece of the job search 

Use VMock to create your resume or get feedback on an existing resume.

What's on a Resume?

Name, address (permanent and temporary), telephone and e-mail 

If you have an e-portfolio, professional blog, or LinkedIn profile, you may choose to include that information as well. .  

If you choose to include one, it should be a short, specific statement that includes position, industry, and relevant skills.  

In reverse-chronological order, include the schools you have attended, dates of graduation or dates of attendance, as well as degrees sought or completed.   

This section includes work, volunteering, extracurricular activities, research or field experiences. Names and locations of employers and dates of employment should be included. Employers will read top to bottom, so make sure the most relevant sections are at the top of the page.  

Resumes Should   ✅

• Follow all writing, grammar, and language conventions  

Be professional, succinct, and concise  

Use an active voice   

Include specific info: figures, dates, numbers  

Resumes Should Not⛔

• Use personal pronouns 

Include articles: a, an, the 

Use unnecessarily lengthy explanations 

Show skills or experiences you don’t possess 

Tips for Formatting a Resume

Reverse chronological order.

A chronological style is usually recommended for college students. In a chronological resume, items are arranged in reverse-chronological order within topic areas (education, experience, etc.).

If only some of your experience is relevant, you can divide it into two blocks: “Related Experience” (or “Teaching Experience”, for example) and “Additional Experience.”

Bullet v Paragraph

The bullet format presents information in a concise, easy to follow manner; however, because each description is on a separate line, the page fills up quickly.

In contrast, the paragraph format allows for more text on the page, but can come across as dense and overwhelming, and thus lose the interest of the reader.

Formatting and Layout

Your resume should be visually attractive, well organized and easy to read.

• Avoid resume templates—the automatic formatting will limit your options. Find a resume you like and copy its style.
• Avoid large blocks of text (i.e. more than 10 lines).
• Keep it to 1 page. As a general rule, one page is the recommended length for undergraduates. This may vary if you have extensive experience.
• Keep margins wide (no smaller than 0.5”) and even.

• Only use one font type.
• Use standard, readable fonts like Helvetica, Bookman, Arial, and Times New Roman.
• Keep font size within 10-14 points.
• Do not use script fonts. Boldface and italics are better ways to highlight something.
• Don’t compress the space between letters; you want your resume to be readable!

Visual Printing

• Avoid color, graphics, and shading.
• If you use lines, put at least 1/4 inch of white space around them.
• If printing, always send originals on light-colored 8 1/2" x 11"paper.
• Don’t fold or staple your resume.

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Identify the transferable skills below that apply to you and write down specific examples of when, where, and how you used the skill.

The skillful expression, transmission and interpretation of knowledge and ideas.

The search for specific knowledge and the ability to conceptualize future needs and solutions for meeting those needs.

The use of interpersonal skills for resolving conflict, relating to and helping people.

The ability to supervise, direct and guide individuals and groups in the completion of tasks and fulfillment of goals.

The day-to-day skills that assist in promoting effective production and work satisfaction.

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CV/Resume Creation

Below are sample materials to help guide the creation of your CV, resume, and cover letter. Some of these samples have been generously donated by UVA students and postdocs in order to provide you with ideas about how to create your own materials. DO NOT COPY the text exactly and please keep in mind there are numerous acceptable formats for these documents.  

Information on this page includes:

• Curriculum Vitae (CV)
• Cover Letter

CURRICULUM VITAE (CV)

The curriculum vitae, also known as “vita” (without the “e”) and abbreviated as "CV,” is a comprehensive overview of your educational background and academic qualifications.  It is the standard statement of credentials within academe and the research world, and the foundation of an application for an academic or research position, akin to the resume for job markets outside of academics.  As is the case for all application materials, your CV should be tailored to each job opportunity and should emphasize your strongest qualifications.  

While there is no limit to length, the CV must concisely convey information.  In the early stages of the applicant screening process, search committee members will probably spend less than one minute scanning each CV to reduce a large pool of applicants to a manageable list of qualified candidates.  To increase your chances of making the short list, you should prepare an attractive CV that clearly and succinctly identifies the qualifications that make you a good fit for the position.

While general guidelines are presented here, you are strongly urged to consult with faculty in your department for guidance.  Given that CV styles change over time, it can also be instructive to look at the CVs of junior scholars in your field, particularly those who hold the kinds of positions that interest you.

• Arts and Art History
• BioChemistry  (Industry)
• Economics  (sample from MIT)
• Engineering   (sample from Michigan State University)
• Higher Education (Administration)
• Research Focused  CV
• Teaching Focused  CV

There are several resume formats for presenting information, and each one has its own strengths and weaknesses, depending on the material being presented.  Select a format that best showcases your qualifications in relation to the job you seek.

• Chronological Resume

Lists all experience in reverse chronological order.  This most traditional type of resume highlights a progressive record and best suits job seekers who have moved forward along a particular career path.  This format may be less effective for people changing career pursuits, those who have little work experience, and those who wish to make a case for the transferability of skills to a different line of work.  In addition, someone with old but very relevant experience should not choose this format as it will bury a strength at the end of the resume.

• Modified Chronological Resume

Often an effective format for graduate students.  This format groups experiences into categories based on their function (e.g.. research experience, leadership, technical experience, writing and editing, marketing), and lists them in reverse chronological order within each category.  The categories are prioritized according to relevance.  This format can highlight a less recent but highly relevant experience.  Carefully chosen category headings help to give the applicant an immediately recognizable identity, grabbing the reader’s attention.  Sometimes job seekers have to be creative in grouping experiences.

• Functional Resume

Actual job titles and dates of experience are simply listed at the top or bottom of the resume without accompanying descriptions.  The bulk of the resume consists of grouped general descriptions of skills used in one or more of the experiences (e.g.. project management, communication skills, leadership, organizational skills).  This format is most useful for people changing careers and for those who have little work experience because it emphasizes transferable skills and deemphasizes gaps in employment or a lack of experience.  Beware, though, that many employers dislike this format, preferring instead to see exactly what you did, where you did it, and when.

• Combination Resume

Another potentially effective format for graduate students.  The combination resume combines the advantages of the chronological and functional resumes by listing past experiences chronologically and categorizing the functional descriptions for each experience by skill sets (e.g.. communication skills, leadership, analytical/technical skills).  This format is suited to job seekers with only a few major experiences that employed multiple skills.  It can also help graduate students to showcase the relevance of their teaching and research experiences, and the transferable skills those tasks require.  As with the modified chronological resume, sometimes job seekers have to be creative in grouping their skills for this format. 

Resume Sample 1  (for non-academic positions)

Resume Sample 2  (for industry positions)

Resume Sample 3  (for engineering/industry positions)

Resume Sample 4  (for consulting positions)

COVER LETTER

A cover letter usually accompanies a job application beyond academe.  If no cover letter is requested, send one anyway unless the employer explicitly instructs you not to do so.  The role of the cover letter (a.k.a.. “letter of interest” or “letter of application”) is to interpret your qualifications for the reader to convince him or her of your suitability for an advertised position or a potential employment opportunity.  Your cover letter is not analogous to a fax cover sheet.  Instead think of it as a mini-thesis in the sense that it allows you to make an argument for your fit for the job or line of work.  Written in the first person, the cover letter also gives you the opportunity to express your voice and to show your interest, professionalism, and gift for the written word.  Graduate Career Services offers workshops every semester on preparing cover letters.  Check our  Programs and Events  for a schedule of upcoming opportunities.

> Cover Letter Guide

Cover Letter Sample 1  (for academic position)

Cover Letter Sample 2  (for industry position)

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6 Awesome UVA Essay Examples

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UVA is a pretty selective school, so writing strong essays is essential to improving your chances. By reading former applicants’ essays and seeing what they did right and what they did wrong, you can learn how to better impress UVA admissions officers!

Please note: Looking at examples of real essays students have submitted to colleges can be very beneficial to get inspiration for your essays. You should never copy or plagiarize from these examples when writing your own essays. Colleges can tell when an essay isn’t genuine and will not view students favorably if they plagiarized. 

Read our UVA essay breakdown to get a comprehensive overview of this year’s supplemental prompts. 

Essay Example #1: College of Arts & Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences—What work of art, music, science, mathematics, or literature has surprised, unsettled, or challenged you, and in what way? (250 words)

Cringing when thinking about human sacrifice in “Vida y muerte en el Templo Mayor,” I puzzled over the motive behind the Aztec practice of killing a person to appease the gods of nature.

 After a lengthy discussion with Mexican friends, I learned that Aztec civilization considered humans just one part of the natural world, rather than the dominant species. Only when the gods of nature are satisfied, they believed, can worldly creatures live in peace.

That’s when I recognized how I’ve been looking at the world from an anthropocentric model. Whether in the Four Heavenly Kings of Chinese mythology, or in the Bible story of Noah’s Ark my Christian grandma told, these stories revolve around humans’ survival and prosperity, and nature is just a backdrop.

The Aztec “nature-centric model,” truly challenged my perspective. Humans might not be as superior as we think; everything may not be about us. Reflecting on my motivations for advocating sustainability, I’m guilty of preserving the Earth for the sake of our human offspring, not for the Earth’s own sake.

The Aztec perception of humans’ relationship to nature inspired me to reconceptualize my own perspective. I expanded my framework from humanity to all creatures: why not consider the elephants our siblings, or the trees our cousins?

I reject the Aztec practice of human sacrifice, but their belief that we are but a tiny part of nature resonated deeply with me. Rather than protecting Earth with self-interest and fear, I now treat Earth with empathy and love.

What This Essay Did Well

This UVA essay is well-structured and well-written. It answers the prompt while providing valuable personal information about the applicant.

With the introduction, the student achieves the most important part of this essay: answering the prompt. This student identifies their topic of discussion— “Vida y muerte en el Templo Mayor,”— quickly, but keeps it interesting through using a complex sentence structure.

Rather than stating it explicitly, the author shows their desire to understand other cultures and positions themself as open-minded, as they took the time to have “lengthy discussion with Mexican friends.” 

The student also relates the story back to their interests and perspectives. They share how this book caused them to reflect on the way they’d been advocating for sustainability, and view their advocacy more holistically to benefit the earth itself rather than just humans. Presumably, this student is declaring environmental studies or environmental science as a major. That means that, while readers are learning about the student’s values, they also learn that values are the central motivation behind this student’s career choices. This self-reflection is important and looks great to admissions officers!

The conclusion of the essay perfectly summarizes the growth that the student has described. It shows the self-reflection that they have experienced, with some of their beliefs staying the same and others changing.

What Could Be Improved

While overall this essay is a great example, this paragraph is its weakest link:

That’s when I recognized how I’ve been looking at the world from an anthropocentric model. Whether in the Four Heavenly Kings of Chinese mythology, or in the Bible story of Noah’s Ark my Christian grandma told, these stories revolve around humans’ survival and prosperity, and nature is just a backdrop. 

That’s because this paragraph makes the error of telling, not showing . The student uses the summarizing phrase “that’s when I recognized” (which should generally be avoided) then continues to tell readers what they learned. Rather, the student could have provided a piece of dialogue from their discussion with their friend or used self-reflective questions to show us the message of this paragraph.

An example of how this paragraph could be improved:

“So you’re telling me that your culture doesn’t view humans as the main characters?” I asked my friend, still slightly baffled. When I got home, I went down a Google rabbit hole, obsessively researching Aztec beliefs. I landed on a page about the anthropocentric model. Had I been learning this model all along without even knowing? I thought about my Christian grandma’s stories—Noah’s arc, the Four Heavenly Kings, Genesis. They all revolve around humans’ survival and prosperity, and nature is just a backdrop.

This revised paragraph is much more captivating and would have strengthened the overall essay.

Essay Example #2: School of Architecture

Describe a significant experience that deepened your interest in studying in the School of Architecture. (250 words)

During my freshman year, my studio art class arranged a field trip to the National Portrait Gallery. To say I was excited was an understatement. Although I have lived near DC all my life, I never had the chance to visit its art museums. This trip would be my first time. 

When we arrived, I stood in the courtyard, waiting for directions. I don’t remember what spurred me to look up, but when I did, the sight of a floating steel and glass canopy above amazed me. It was unlike anything else in the room. The undulant form of the ceiling reminded me of being underwater, looking up to see waves dancing. What struck me the most was how its sleek and modern design juxtaposed the gallery’s Greek revival architecture. 

I’ve gone back several times since then, each time appreciating something new from the ceiling—in the shelter, it provides from the outside elements to the beautiful grid of shadows it leaves on the ground and walls on sunny days. Inspired by the relationship between the ceiling and the rest of the gallery, I have sought out ways to combine contrasting styles like classic vs. modern, organic vs. geometric, hard vs. soft, and fine art vs. crafts in my art. I’ve become hyper-aware of the physical spaces I occupy and their functional yet artistic characteristics. While studying architecture at UVA, I hope to continue exploring these relationships and apply them to my architectural style. 

This essay clearly answers the prompt and provides a tangible example for readers. 

From the intro, it is clear that the experience will be visiting the National Portrait Gallery. 

The writer uses a simple writing style for most of the essay, but shows that this straightforwardness is not due to lack of ability or effort, but is intentionally authentic. Through the phrase “ I don’t remember what spurred me to look up” the writer lets readers know that they aren’t going to tell us anything that isn’t true. This value placed on authenticity is important and tells us a lot about the student.

The student uses elaborate language to emphasize the important part of their story. The description of the ceiling—“ The undulant form of the ceiling reminded me of being underwater, looking up to see waves dancing”— is interesting and engaging. It creates an image of the ceiling in the reader’s mind, but also makes the reader want to hear more!

This final paragraph ties it all together. We learn that the National Portrait Gallery’s architecture isn’t just cool, but is inspirational for this student. Additionally, through this paragraph, admissions officers learn that this student has thought out their decision to apply to UVA’s Architecture school. They are familiar with architectural styles and already think like an architect. A student who is ahead of the game and passionate about their field of study is very important to admissions officers!

The essay could be considered unengaging at times, but there is also beauty in its simplicity that gives it an authentic feel. It lacks the bells and whistles that often accompany college essay writing and just tells the writer’s truth. While this wouldn’t be a great essay if you’re applying to creative writing, it works well for this writer and this writer’s intentions!

Still, the intro paragraph could be improved through editing the second sentence: “ To say I was excited was an understatement.” Because this writer engages with a simple style (with little imagery or elaborate descriptions), they can use descriptive language strategically to emphasize certain scenes, emotions, or aspects of their story. Because they are applying to Architecture, their excitement about art is important and this excitement could have been emphasized through more elaborate language. This would also make the essay more engaging from the start and draw the reader’s attention.

Essay Example #3

We are a community of quirks, both in language and in traditions. Describe one of your quirks and why it is part of who you are. (250 words)

I haven’t let another person cut my hair in four years. Bangs, layers, a fringe, a bob, I have been my own hairdresser. With only me, a mirror, and scissors in hand, I enjoy having complete control over my appearance. Cutting my hair is liberating; it’s like removing dead weight off my shoulders. Messing up isn’t a concern, as I know my hair will grow back. I am proud of the freedom I have with my hair, but I haven’t always been this way. 

 In traditional Quechua culture, women have long, braided hair. One braid indicates that a woman is single, while two means she is married. Growing up surrounded by women who kept their hair long, I desperately wanted to stand out but was too afraid to break tradition. I love my Quechua heritage, but as a young girl, I thought it was silly to have braids when I wasn’t even allowed to date. Why did it matter if others knew I was single?

Eventually, my parents agreed to let me cut my hair, and for a moment I’d been looking forward to for so long, I wanted to be the one to do it. Like every time I’ve cut my hair since then, I felt like a new person. Looking back to who I was then and who I am now, I know 12 year old me would think I look cool, and she’s the only person I want to impress.

This essay is fun and interesting! Readers learn about the student’s personality, family history, and values. It is well-structured, engaging, and original.

For a short essay, a lot of words are given to this introduction. That being said, this introduction also provides a lot of the essay’s content. First, the student identifies their quirk—cutting their own hair. This topic is interesting and automatically makes readers think “oh, that’s cool!” but then the student takes it a step further by engaging readers with a small cliffhanger—“ I haven’t always been this way.” Cutting your own hair isn’t a quirk that inherently requires a deeper meaning, but this student draws us in by letting us know that there is one.

This essay’s second paragraph is where we get to know the student, which should always be a priority when writing any college essay. We learn about the student’s Quechua heritage and how it affected their childhood. We also learn about the student’s capacity for self-reflection, which seems to have existed from a young age—“ I thought it was silly to have braids when I wasn’t even allowed to date. Why did it matter if others knew I was single?”

Finally, the last paragraph brings things full circle and draws a connection between the young girl’s confusion about Quechuan braids and the current writer’s passion for cutting their own hair. The last sentence of this essay is particularly powerful—“ I know 12 year old me would think I look cool, and she’s the only person I want to impress.” 

The beginning of the final paragraph is the only part of this essay that could use some rewriting. This essay is generally well-written, so the confusing sentence structure of “ Eventually, my parents agreed to let me cut my hair, and for a moment I’d been looking forward to for so long, I wanted to be the one to do it” throws off the essay’s flow. Similarly, it is difficult to parse through the sentence “ Like every time I’ve cut my hair since then, I felt like a new person.” 

After improving the language of these two sentences, this would be a top-notch essay! This student’s personality really shines through.

Essay Example #4

Describe an engineering feat that serves the common good and why it inspires you to study engineering. (250 words)

“I hope your kids have my curly hair,” quipped my mom. “As long as they have my eyes, I’m happy,” joked my dad. While my parents were casually bantering with me at the dinner table, I was closeted as bisexual, and my mind started to reel. Eventually, I knew I wanted to have kids, and the nuclear family I had previously envisioned began to crumble. What if I couldn’t have genetically related children with my partner?

As I grappled with this question, I discovered that biomedical engineering could provide me with an answer. Gene-editing technology CRISPR-Cas9 could allow for a same-sex couple to have genetically related children. This tool works as a precise pair of molecular scissors to cut out targeted DNA sequences in an organism’s genome. In China, researchers experimented with CRISPR and obtained live bipaternal and bimaternal mice.

CRISPR’s potential to change the world thrills me for reasons beyond my future family. With CRISPR, researchers began to cut out human DNA sequences associated with neurodegenerative diseases, blood-related disorders, and cancer. CRISPR is on the cusp of revolutionizing the medical industry, and I want to be part of innovating and discovering new uses for the technology.

Maybe one day, I’ll share a meal at the dinner table with a husband and a child who shares our features, laughing as we talk about our day. At UVA Engineering, I will acquire the tools necessary to pioneer research that could make this possibility a reality for millions of same-sex couples around the world.

This essay does a great job infusing a personal story into an engineering feat that inspires them. The intro opens with an anecdote, which is engaging and brings us closer to the writer by showing some vulnerability, as the student shares their thoughts and fears with us.

We learn about CRISPR in easy-to-understand terms. The writer lays out how it works, what it’s done so far, and how it could benefit society.

The final paragraph brings the essay full circle, with the student imagining their future family, made possible by CRISPR and the impact it could have for other same-sex couples.

There honestly isn’t much that the writer could’ve done to strengthen this essay. It’s already extremely engaging, personal, well-written, and easy to understand.

Essay Example #5: College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences – What work of art, music, science, mathematics, literature, or other media has surprised, unsettled, or inspired you, and in what way? (250 words)

Every ten years the state and congressional district lines open up to the public; the only piece of art influenced by the fluctuating votes of human souls. The bold black lines, separating communities with luscious green lawns from those with concrete playgrounds, are redrawn redirecting millions of dollars and sparking waves of protests on state capitol steps. In its sum, the wonky headphones and salamander shapes reflect the imperfect art of gerrymandering. Within its components, the fabric is sewed with the sweat and tears of communities. From ones with family obligations rendering them unable to advocate for themselves to communities a five-minute walk from the state capitol. 

In its final form, the line strokes between streets, bayous, and freeways surprise me. Instead of equal representation and distribution of power, districts group communities voting in accordance to a political party with communities who do not vote – essentially maintaining an iron grip on power. To challenge it, I have gone into non-voting communities helping register voters and have taken the time to listen to families terrified of the political process. One of my most cherished memories was meeting an elderly man who had immigrated to the U.S. and became naturalized but never registered to vote. For years, he watched his community change and never understood why he could not stop the process. Now, every time I see the district lines, I sense the unsettled doubt that within each district resides one person taken advantage of and never nurtured with civic love.

The subject of this essay—gerrymandering—is a surprising choice for this essay, as most people wouldn’t consider it a “work of art, music, science, mathematics, literature, or other media,” but more of a concept. Still, the author makes it work by likening the gerrymandering lines to a work of art.

The writing in this essay is very descriptive and rich with imagery, with phrases such as “luscious green lawns” and “salamander shapes.” We can clearly visualize how unusually these districts are drawn.

The author also incorporates a personal connection through their work in registering voters. We see that they care about helping others participate in the political process and exercise their civic rights/duties.

One of the biggest weaknesses of this essay is that it spends nearly half the space describing gerrymandering, leaving not enough room to discuss how it’s impacted them personally.

The intro paragraph helps us visualize gerrymandering very well, but the wording of many sentences is confusing (some are even not grammatically correct, and it doesn’t seem that this was a conscious decision, such as this line: From ones with family obligations rendering them unable to advocate for themselves to communities a five-minute walk from the state capitol) . It takes a few sentences to even realize what the topic of the essay is, and that is a critical flaw when admissions officers need to read essays quickly. 

The author should’ve introduced their topic more simply, especially since gerrymandering is an unexpected subject for this essay. They could’ve also cut out several lines to focus more on the work they’ve done in their communities. The story about the immigrant man is underdeveloped and vague; the writer could’ve shared more specific details about their interaction or even included some dialogue.

The impact of this topic on the student’s identity and future goals is also unclear. Do they plan to try to work to end gerrymandering or increase access to voting? The last sentence of the essay is a missed opportunity: Now, every time I see the district lines, I sense the unsettled doubt that within each district resides one person taken advantage of and never nurtured with civic love . This line is not only difficult to understand, but ends on a sad note rather than looking towards the future with how the student hopes to make an impact.

Essay Example #6

We are a community with quirks, both in language and traditions. Describe one of your quirks and why it is part of who you are. (250 words)

I sit at a booth at California Pizza Kitchen as my legs swing back and forth, barely scraping the floor. With a mischievous grin, I grab a red crayon and scribble on the black-and-white coloring book with my own mission in mind. One times two equals two, times two equals four, times two equals eight, and so on. After I fill the page, the napkins in the dispenser in front of me become my canvas. When I finish, red numbers sprawl across the workbook and neatly ordered napkins on the table, mimicking a college professor’s chalkboard. My masterpiece is complete.

At five years old, I cherished multiplying numbers by two until I reached numbers in the millions, and my love for simple math became a staple of my personality. When I entered high school, I was delighted to discover my passion for mental math reflected in the activities I pursued:

( 310 total seconds – 162 seconds ran) / 2 laps left = 74 seconds per lap. During a 1600m dash, I recalculated the average pace I needed to meet my goal after every lap and adjusted my stride accordingly. 28 rows * 36 seats per row = 1008 total seats. During a chorus class, I calculated the number of seats in the auditorium we sang in with enthusiasm.

My arithmetic may not always serve a practical purpose, yet I find comfort in making sense of the little things in my life. The math problems penned with a red crayon may seem trivial to some, but they represent my curiosity seeking a better grasp of the world around me.

This essay paints the student as intellectually-engaged and ambitious. We see all the different ways they incorporate mental math into their life.

The anecdote at the beginning shows us exactly what it may be like to spend time with the student in an everyday setting, which helps admissions officers visualize what the student may be like on-campus.

While well-written, the essay falls a bit flat since the student spends almost all the allotted space describing the quirk rather than discussing what it means to them.

They also explicitly tell us the significance of their quirk by saying it “represent[s] my curiosity seeking a better grasp of the world around me.” This is redundant since they already show their curiosity through the details they reveal, such as counting the number of seats in the auditorium during chorus.

The topic of this essay may simply not be ideal since there isn’t much of an emotional backstory, unlike the third essay example where the student cuts their own hair. As you’re selecting a quirk, you should ensure that there is an opportunity for you to share your identity, emotions, and thoughts more deeply.

Where to Get Your UVA Essays Edited

Do you want feedback on your UVA essays? After rereading your essays countless times, it can be difficult to evaluate your writing objectively. That’s why we created our free Peer Essay Review tool , where you can get a free review of your essay from another student. You can also improve your own writing skills by reviewing other students’ essays. 

If you want a college admissions expert to review your essay, advisors on CollegeVine have helped students refine their writing and submit successful applications to top schools. Find the right advisor for you to improve your chances of getting into your dream school!

Related CollegeVine Blog Posts

Writing a Cover Letter

A cover letter is an accompanying document to your resume and should serve as an introduction to you and your experience. A cover letter is sent before the first interview, and should motivate the reader to invite you to an interview or phone screening.

Creating/Formatting Your Cover Letter

Download our cover letter sample here . 

Watch our Cover Letter Tutorial . 

• Your cover letter should be written in letter format. Include your name and contact information
• If you do not know the specific name of the rep, you could list: “Dear Hiring Manager” 

Introduction

• 1-3 paragraphs
• Identify the position for which you are applying, and indicate how you heard about the job.
• Share a brief introduction to yourself, your educational background and briefly describe why you are interested in the role. 
• Demonstrate your understanding of the position by explaining how you would be a good fit for the role.
• Include examples of your past experiences, skills, and/or qualifications from your resume that align with the job description and preferred qualifications for the role.
• Use previous letters of recommendation or your current job description for help with describing your experience. 
• 1 paragraph
• Establish invitation for next steps and indicate that you would welcome the opportunity to discuss the position further.
• End with a professional signature. Examples include: “Respectfully”, “Sincerely”, “Regards”, etc. 

FAQ’s: (Don’t see your question here? E-mail us at [email protected]! ) 

What is the purpose of a cover letter?

• Your cover letter will introduce you to the recruiter, and demonstrate your interest in the position. It should also demonstrate your relevant skills and experiences, as well as your knowledge of the company and position.
• Your cover letter should motivate the reader to invite you to an interview.
• You may want to use a cover letter to explain any holes in your resume, such as a switch in area of study or significant time off. You can write about how you overcame challenges as an additional skill.

When should I write a cover letter?

• When a recruiter/application requests it
• When you are submitting your resume via e-mail, you should use the body of the e-mail as a brief cover letter
• When you will not have a chance to speak with the recruiter before they make a decision
• Do NOT worry about bringing cover letters to a career fair – the recruiters will not have time to read them, and you can use your elevator pitch to share the same information.
• If you choose to submit, take your time and write a quality letter. This will be your first impression to your potential employer. 

Do I need to write a new cover letter for each company?

• Yes, we recommend having a tailored cover letter for each company. This will mean changing the company name, position title, and tailoring your skills/experiences to the position description. 

Writing Tips:

• Avoid overusing the word “I”
• Vary your sentence structure and length
• Use attention-getting action verbs and adjectives
• Use the language from the job description to describe your experiences
• Proofread, proofread, PROOFREAD!
• Have multiple sets of eyes review your draft. E-mail your document to [email protected] with the subject line “Cover Letter Review” to have Pamplin Career Services provide feedback. 

Stay Connected with Pamplin Career Services

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• Research Process
• Manuscript Preparation
• Manuscript Review
• Publication Process
• Publication Recognition
• Language Editing Services
• Translation Services

How to Write a Cover Letter for Your Manuscript? Here are the Tips and Examples

• 3 minute read

Table of Contents

A cover letter is often the first thing an editor reads when reviewing your submission. As your first pitch to the editor, the cover letter helps them gauge the suitability of your manuscript for publication in their journal. Imagine your work shaping the future of your field, gathering citations, and sparking discussions. A powerful cover letter is thus the first step to making that vision into a reality.   

In this article, we will guide you through the process of writing an effective cover letter and explain how you can get it right every time with examples. First, let us get started with the basics!  

Getting the Basics Right  

When writing a cover letter, it is crucial to address the editor by their correct and complete name¹ . If there are multiple co-editors, you can address your letter to the right person, based on their specialization or designated responsibilities. If unsure, it is okay to go with a more general salutation, such as “Dear Editors”¹ .   

Presenting your Research  

Provide a clear and concise title for your submission and specify whether it is an article, communication, review, perspective, or a manuscript belonging to some other category. If the journal guideline recommends, consider including a list of all authors in the manuscript.   

After covering the preliminary information, briefly explain your paper’s central theme or focus to give the editor an idea of its contents. Ensure this stays a brief outline, without going into too much detail.   

Conveying the Importance of Your Work  

How you communicate the impact of your work can make or break your cover letter. To make a strong impression on the editor, articulate the significance of your research clearly, emphasizing its relevance to the field. Additionally, show how your work aligns with the journal’s scope and mission.  

Including a Formal Declaration  

Some journals require a set of declarations from you to ensure that your manuscript adheres to its ethical code and the larger ethical standards of scientific publishing. Here are the required declarations in a cover letter:  

• Originality of work:  
• Confirm that your work is original and has not been published elsewhere. This tells the editor your research is unique.  
• Conflict of interest statement:  
• Be clear about any potential conflicts of interest. This includes any personal, financial, or professional connections that might affect your research.  
• Funding source (if applicable):  
• Tell where your research funding came from, if any. This includes any support or grants from organizations.   

Including Personal Suggestions for Reviewers on a Separate Page (optional)  

If there is no part of the submission process that collects researcher suggestions for reviewers, and there are special requests from the researcher for reviewers (e.g., recommending the inclusion or suggesting the exclusion of a specific reviewer, etc.), you may also make a note about this in the cover letter.  

Combining these five points, here is a good example of a cover letter for researchers’ reference:  

(This image is intended to demonstrate the norms of formatting and tone of expression in a cover letter, it is to be used only by the researcher as a reference in writing² .)  

Conclusion  

A strong cover letter can go a long way in ensuring success for researchers looking to publish their manuscripts! Your cover letter is the opening act, setting the stage for how editors perceive your manuscript. So, look at it not as just another formality but as a crucial opportunity to make a strong impression.   

Understanding what to include, what is optional, and what is best left unsaid can be tricky. That is where our team of experts at Elsevier Language Services can step in. We will provide personalized recommendations and expert guidance to help you craft a cover letter that perfectly complements your manuscript. Reach out to us today to make a great first impression and embark on a successful academic journey!  

Reference  

• Nicholas, D. (2019). How to choose a journal and write a cover letter. Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia, 13(5), 35. https://doi.org/10.4103/sja.sja_691_18  
• Loyola University Chicago. (n.d.). JCSHESA Sample Cover Letter. https://ecommons.luc.edu/jcshesa/cover_letter_template.pdf  

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Cover Letters

A cover letter typically accompanies your resume. The purpose of your cover letter would depend on whether you are applying for a position, inquiring about opportunities, or submitting other materials.

Check the tabs below for some ideas for formatting your cover letter:

Cover letter basics

• Q : Should you send a cover letter even if the employer says it’s optional?
• A:  YES! Cover letters allow you to give additional information beyond your resume.

Cover letter sample

A completed sample cover letter.

Submitting a cover letter via email

• If you are told to email your cover letter and resume, you may chose to include the cover letter as the body of the email and then your resume as an attachment.
• In email, there is no need to leave space for your handwritten signature; it is not applicable in email
• Your address block follows your name at the end of the text.

Supporting documents:

How To Write a Cover Letter: Basics and Examples for Upwork Success

Creating a compelling cover letter is crucial for securing jobs on Upwork, the popular freelancing platform. A well-crafted Upwork cover letter can set you apart from the competition and increase your chances of landing your desired projects. This guide will walk you through the basics of writing a cover letter for Upwork, provide examples, and offer tips to make your proposals shine.

Table of Contents

Understanding the Importance of an Upwork Cover Letter

Basics of writing a cover letter for upwork, key elements of an effective upwork cover letter, common mistakes to avoid in upwork cover letters, step-by-step guide to writing an upwork cover letter, upwork cover letter sample for web developers, upwork cover letter sample for graphic designers, upwork cover letter sample for content writers, personalizing your upwork cover letter, using keywords effectively in your upwork cover letter, showcasing your unique selling proposition in upwork cover letters, tips for writing a winning upwork proposal cover letter, how to format your upwork cover letter for maximum impact, follow-up strategies after submitting an upwork cover letter, faq about upwork cover letters.

An Upwork cover letter is your first opportunity to make a great impression on potential clients. It sets the tone for your professional relationship and demonstrates your enthusiasm and suitability for the project. A strong cover letter can significantly increase your chances of being hired.

Writing a cover letter for Upwork requires a clear structure, an appropriate tone, and a personalized approach. Here’s a breakdown:

• Structure: Your cover letter should include an introduction, body paragraphs highlighting your skills and experience, and a conclusion with a call to action.
• Tone: Maintain a professional yet friendly tone. Show enthusiasm for the project and confidence in your abilities.
• Personalization: Customize each cover letter to the specific job post and client. Mention the client's name and address their project requirements directly.

An effective Upwork cover letter should include the following key elements:

• Introduction: Briefly introduce yourself and mention the job you're applying for.
• Skills Highlight: Highlight the skills that are most relevant to the job. Use bullet points for clarity.
• Relevant Experience: Share examples of past work that demonstrate your expertise. Be specific and concise.
• Call to Action: End with a strong call to action, inviting the client to discuss the project further.

Avoid these common mistakes to increase your chances of success:

• Generic Openings: Personalize each cover letter. Avoid using generic openings like "To whom it may concern."
• Overly Long Letters: Keep your cover letter concise. Aim for 200-300 words.
• Lack of Proofreading: Typos and grammatical errors can make a poor impression. Proofread your cover letter carefully.

Follow these steps to write a compelling Upwork cover letter:

• Analyzing the Job Post: Carefully read the job description. Identify the key skills and requirements.
• Crafting the Introduction: Start with a friendly greeting and mention the job title. Introduce yourself briefly.
• Showcasing Your Skills: Highlight your relevant skills and experiences. Use bullet points for easy reading.
• Ending with a Strong CTA: Conclude with a call to action. Invite the client to schedule an interview or discuss the project further.

Example Breakdown:

Introduction:

"Hi [Client's Name],

I’m excited to apply for your web development project. With over five years of experience in web development, I have the skills and expertise to deliver high-quality results."

Skills Highlight:

• Proficient in HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP
• Experience with responsive design and cross-browser compatibility
• Strong problem-solving skills and attention to detail

Relevant Experience:

"I recently completed a project for a client where I developed a custom e-commerce site that increased their sales by 30%."

Call to Action:

"I would love to discuss your project in more detail. Please feel free to reach out to schedule a call."

I’m thrilled to submit my application for your graphic design project. With a background in graphic design and a passion for creativity, I’m confident I can bring your vision to life."

• Expertise in Adobe Creative Suite
• Experience with branding and logo design
• Strong visual communication skills

"I designed a new logo for a startup that significantly improved their brand recognition and customer engagement."

"I look forward to the opportunity to discuss how I can contribute to your project. Let’s schedule a time to chat."

I’m eager to apply for your content writing project. With a strong background in content creation and SEO, I can help you create engaging and optimized content."

• Proficient in SEO best practices
• Experience with blog writing and article creation
• Strong research and editing skills

"I’ve written numerous articles for a tech blog that have consistently ranked on the first page of Google."

"I’d love to discuss your content needs further. Please get in touch to arrange a meeting."

Addressing the Client: Always use the client's name if it's available. It shows attention to detail and genuine interest.

Tailoring Your Proposal: Customize your cover letter to reflect the specific job requirements. Mention details from the job post to demonstrate your understanding.

Keyword Integration: Use relevant keywords from the job post naturally within your cover letter to increase visibility.

SEO for Proposals: Just like SEO for web content, using the right keywords can make your proposal more discoverable and relevant.

Highlight what sets you apart from other freelancers. Whether it’s a unique skill, a specific experience, or a distinctive approach, make sure to emphasize your unique selling proposition.

Clarity: Be clear and concise in your writing. Avoid jargon and overly complex sentences.

Professionalism: Maintain a professional tone while being friendly and approachable.

Enthusiasm: Show genuine enthusiasm for the project and the opportunity to work with the client.

Layout: Use a clean and simple layout. Break your text into paragraphs and use bullet points where appropriate.

Readability: Choose a readable font and size. Avoid large blocks of text.

Professional Appearance: Ensure your cover letter looks professional and polished. Pay attention to spacing and alignment.

Timing: Follow up if you haven’t heard back within a week.

Politeness: Be polite and professional in your follow-up message.

Persistence: Show continued interest without being overly pushy. A gentle reminder can keep you top of mind.

What is the best length for an Upwork cover letter?

Aim for 200-300 words. Keep it concise and to the point.

How can I make my Upwork cover letter stand out?

Personalize your cover letter, highlight relevant skills and experience, and maintain a professional yet friendly tone.

Should I include a portfolio in my Upwork cover letter?

Mentioning your portfolio is a good idea. Provide links to relevant work samples.

How often should I follow up after submitting a cover letter?

Wait about a week before following up. Be polite and express continued interest in the project.

What are common mistakes to avoid in an Upwork cover letter?

Avoid generic openings, overly long letters, and typos. Make sure to customize each cover letter to the specific job post.

Can I use a template for my Upwork cover letter?

While templates can provide structure, always personalize each cover letter to the job and client.

Writing an effective Upwork cover letter is an essential skill for freelancers. By understanding the basics, avoiding common mistakes, and personalizing each proposal, you can increase your chances of success on the platform. Use the provided examples and tips to craft compelling cover letters that will help you stand out to potential clients and win more projects.

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Your Guide to Cover Letters

What is a cover letter.

A cover letter is a professional communication that should accompany your resume when you apply for a job or internship. A cover letter is the first piece of information a potential employer sees about you. If effective, it should pique an employer's interest and encourage them to move on to your resume with stronger conviction.

Check out the step by step videos & tutorials in our Brightspace organization. From building your first resume to landing your first job, our series of self-paced learning modules to help through every stage!

Ready for feedback?  Submit your cover letter  and get personalized feedback within 48 business hours (you do have to enroll in our Brightspace site, but don't worry, it's easy & instanteous). 

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A good cover letter:

• Answers the question: “How will you help the organization meet their goals?”
• Links your accomplishments and skills to the job requirements. Why should they care about the items in your resume? Lay out how and why you would make a difference at this organization.
• Is unique for the particular position. You should not re-use cover letters for multiple positions.
• Should focus on how you will contribute to the organization, not just provide your life story.
• Does not reiterate your resume, but provides context for some of the items on your resume.

Preparation and Organization

• Carefully review the job description and identify key skills and experiences that the employer is looking for.
• Include your address and the employer's address in blocks at the top of the page.
• Whenever possible, address your letter to an individual within the organization rather than "To Whom it May Concern." Review the job description or organization's website, or call the organization to obtain the name and position title of the contact. If you cannot find the information, start your letter with " Dear Search Committee, ".
• Your cover letter should be no more than one page and will typically have 3-4 paragraphs. You do not need to indent paragraphs.

Paragraph 1: Introduction

Explain why you are applying to this particular position and this particular organization. What is interesting, exciting, or unique about the role or company? This could be their culture, size, location, mission, products, constituents, projects, etc. Why are these important to you? Provide the name of the position you are applying to within this paragraph. Optionally, you can mention who referred you to the job or internship.

Paragraph 2: Body

How will you help this organization meet their goals through work in this position? In addition to addressing your experiences and skills, detail why they would matter for this position. Analyze the job description and be specific about how your skills/experiences connect to the position responsibilities. You can use the format: “I have had experience doing ABC, which would enable me to accomplish [these goals] in this position.”

Paragraph 3: Closing

Reiterate your interest in the position and thank the reader for their time and consideration. Close by signing your name (typed is fine).

Putting it all Together

Review examples of cover letters to get an idea of how they can look (but be sure not to copy them -- yours should be unique!). Ask someone (a Career Center or Writing Center staff member) to proofread your letter for its effectiveness, tone, and grammar.

Sample Cover Letters

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How To Write a Cover Letter in 3 Easy Paragraphs

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Although you might have written a resume before, cover letters can be a bigger mystery. The good news is: by following a simple, three-paragraph process, you can quickly write a cover letter that will get attention and likely lead to a job interview!

What Is a Cover Letter?

Imagine you’re handing your resume to someone in person. Maybe you’re at a job or career fair, going into an employer’s office, or even handing it to an acquaintance so that they can get it to the hiring manager. You wouldn’t just give that person your resume, turn, and walk away without saying a word. You would probably take the time to  introduce yourself  and explain why you’re giving that person your resume, how you found out about the job, and why you think you’re qualified for it.

That’s the  purpose of a cover letter .

The cover letter is a more personalized introduction than your resume. It’s a message that represents what you would otherwise say in person, face-to-face. It should be uniquely written for each company and position, follow a standard; one-page business letter format, and consist of three to four paragraphs. If possible, it should also include the hiring manager’s name.

The cover letter usually accompanies a resume. It allows you to expand on the  information in the resume  or explain something that might appear as a red flag or barrier to employment. However, just as important is that the cover letter allows the recruiter to assess your written communication skills!

Why Do I Need a Cover Letter?

Cover letters aren’t always required for a job application. Often, they’re listed as an optional document. Most applicants  won’t  submit a cover letter because of this (let’s face it, job applications can take a lot of time!). However, this also means that submitting a cover letter is an extra step that will help you to stand out from the other applicants — and show how interested you are in the position!

How Do I Write a Cover Letter?

Here’s how to write a cover letter in three easy paragraphs:

Paragraph 1 (About You)

This is where you briefly introduce yourself, what position you’re interested in, and how you discovered it (i.e., job posting site, flyer, social media). If someone recommended you for the position, drop their name in the very first sentence and include their title and affiliation.

Also be enthusiastic! List three of your most important or impressive qualifications from your resume to explain why you’re applying for the position. You may also wish to include the degree or program you’re currently studying.

Example: I’m applying for your Human Resource Specialist position found on LinkedIn, as recommended by John Smith, your Office of Human Resource Manager. I would be a valuable addition to your team, with my five years of administrative experience, BAS in Organizational Management, and Microsoft Office certification.

Paragraph 2 (About the Company)

Answer the question “Why do you want to work here?” by researching the company and writing about at least one way that you resonate with its culture, values, or mission. You can get great information by visiting the company’s website (check the About Us or Mission/Vision pages) or by looking them up in the news category of your favorite search engine. Emphasize how your experience meets the company’s needs and why it would be a privilege to work for them.

Example: Congratulations on your team participating in a local Habitat for Humanity build. I would love to work for an organization that is so committed to improving our local communities. I’ve personally participated in four Habitat for Humanity builds; the skills I’ve learned, coupled with the knowledge I gained, have inspired me to seek out other, similar volunteer opportunities within our community.

Paragraph 3 (Thank You and Closing)

Be sure to thank the employer/hiring manager, provide contact information, and mention that you look forward to hearing from them. Express enthusiasm about an upcoming interview!

Example: Thank you for your time and consideration. I look forward to discussing my professional experience in greater detail in an upcoming interview. You can reach me at [phone number] or [email address].

Is There a Cover Letter Template I Can Use?

Microsoft Word has many attractive and pre-formatted cover letter templates you can use. Simply open Microsoft Word, click new, and then search for “cover letter” to browse all the options.

You can also use this cover letter template sample for reference:

Who Can Help Me Write a Cover Letter?

Eastern Florida State College’s Career Services team is here to assist! Did you know you can  schedule meetings with an EFSC Career Services Coordinator  to get help writing a cover letter?

Whether you have questions about your career path, job hunting, or interview preparation, you can contact your campus’ Career Services Center for personalized assistance or  check our our upcoming events . We look forward to helping you succeed this semester and beyond!

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How to Write a Cover Letter [Tips with Examples]

As a writer, I did my fair share of job hunting. Despite my experience and expertise, I often struggled with impressing interviewers due to my lackluster cover letters. Limited resources and time constraints left my cover letters far from impressive. However, things changed when I mastered the art of writing compelling cover letters. Soon, I started receiving interview calls and eventually landed my dream job. In this article, I will share these cover letter writing techniques with you, so you too know how to write a cover letter and can effortlessly land the job of your dreams.

What is a Cover Letter and What does it Contain?

A cover letter is a one-page business letter that you submit along with your resume when applying for a job. Its primary purpose is to persuade the employer that you are an excellent candidate for the role. It complements your resume by clearly linking your experience and interests to the position you're applying for. Essentially, the cover letter is your chance to convince the employer to invite you for an interview.

A typical cover letter contains several key elements, each serving a specific purpose in showcasing your qualifications and enthusiasm for the position. Here’s a breakdown of what a cover letter typically includes:

Your Contact Information: Name, address, phone number, and email address.

Date: The date you are writing the letter.

Employer’s Contact Information: Name, title, company, and address of the person you are addressing the letter to.

2. Salutation

Address the letter to a specific person if possible (e.g., “Dear Mr. Smith,” or “Dear Hiring Manager,”).

3. Introduction

Opening Statement: A brief introduction mentioning the job you are applying for and how you found out about the position.

Hook: A compelling reason why you are interested in the job and the company.

First Paragraph: Explain why you are a good fit for the role. Highlight key qualifications and experiences that align with the job requirements.

Second Paragraph: Provide specific examples of your accomplishments and how they relate to the job. Use quantifiable achievements to demonstrate your impact.

Third Paragraph: Discuss your knowledge of the company and why you are excited about this particular opportunity. Show that you have researched the organization and explain how your goals align with its mission and values.

5. Conclusion

Closing Statement: Reiterate your enthusiasm for the position and the company. Summarize why you are a strong candidate.

Call to Action: Mention your desire for an interview and provide your contact information again. Indicate that you will follow up within a certain timeframe.

Thank You: Express gratitude for the reader’s time and consideration.

6. Signature

Closing Phrase: Use a professional closing, such as “Sincerely”, or “Best regards”.

Signature: Leave space for your handwritten signature (if submitting a hard copy) and then type your name below it.

How to Write a Cover Letter For a Job in 5 Steps!

Firstly, it’s crucial to streamline the process of crafting a cover letter, but that doesn’t mean using the same cover letter for every job position or even the same position at different companies. Customization is key to standing out.

Step 1. Research the Company- AIPal

Open the job listing you want to apply for, typically found on platforms like LinkedIn or Indeed. These platforms usually provide a detailed job description outlining the requirements and responsibilities.

To begin, I will write a cover letter for the Sales & Marketing Manager position at Pride Mile, which is a remote job listing I found on LinkedIn.

To proceed effectively, I will copy the job description and input it into AIPal to extract key keywords. These keywords are crucial as they highlight the skills and attributes the employer is seeking for the role.

Prompt: Extract keywords from this job description that I can in my cover letter.

To refine your keyword research, you can ask AIPal to extract keywords and categorize them into tiers.

Prompt: Extract keywords from this job description that I can in my cover letter. Assign them in three tiers ranging from the most important to least important.

This way, you'll identify the most critical keywords, which should be emphasized more in your cover letter, and less important keywords, which can be mentioned once or twice.

This approach will give me a comprehensive understanding of what the job entails and what qualities I should emphasize in my cover letter.

Step 2. Choose a template- WPS Office

Choosing a cover letter template is important because it gives you a clear structure to follow, saving you time and ensuring your letter looks polished. It guides you on what information to include, from your skills to your qualifications, making it easier to customize each letter for different job applications. Templates also help keep your letter organized and visually appealing, which is key to making a positive impression on employers.

WPS Office has been a godsend in this regard, offering plenty of cover letter templates. I followed these steps to find the desired cover letter for the Marketing Manager position:

Open WPS Office and click on "New" on the left side pane.

Next, simply click on the “All” tab in the left side pane. This will display numerous templates available on WPS Office for documents, spreadsheets, and presentations.

To save time browsing through all the options, simply search for "cover letter". This filters out irrelevant templates and helps find the right cover letter template for the job post in context.

Upon finding the suitable template for the job post, click on it to preview.

To start customizing the selected template, click the "Download" button at the top right corner, which will launch it in the WPS Writer interface for editing.

Header and Salutation

Headers and salutations are essential in a cover letter for their role in setting a professional tone. The header provides your contact details and the date, ensuring easy communication and formal presentation.

Salutations, like "Dear Hiring Manager," personalize your letter and demonstrate attention to detail, addressing the recipient directly and showcasing professionalism from the start.

One of the standout features of WPS templates is its ready-made header, which enhances the visual appeal of your cover letter. It includes sections for your contact information, the date, and the recipient's details.

Addressing the recipient by name whenever possible adds a personal touch; if that information isn't available, a generic greeting such as "Dear Hiring Manager" remains professional and appropriate. Ensuring the document is error-free further underscores your professionalism and attention to detail.

Step 3. Introduction- Your Opening Sentences

Starting your cover letter with a compelling introduction is crucial. It’s your chance to grab the hiring manager's attention and make a strong first impression. A well-crafted opening should highlight your enthusiasm, showcase your qualifications, and give a hint of your personality.

Here are a few key things to keep in mind to create an engaging and effective cover letter introduction:

Expressing genuine passion for the role or the company can make a strong impact. For example, in a sales manager position:

Dear Mr. Brown, my name is Anna and I’m excited about the opportunity to help your company exceed its sales targets. My five years of experience as a Sales Representative at XYZ Inc. have equipped me with the skills needed to drive results. Last year, we surpassed our KPIs by 50%, and I’m eager to bring this success to your team.

Referrals can add credibility to your application. For instance, in an architectural position:

I was thrilled to learn about this job opportunity from John Doe, who has been with your firm for five years. John and I collaborated on an architectural project for over a year, and he recommended I apply for this role, believing I’d be a great fit.

Demonstrating your knowledge about the company shows dedication. For example, in a social worker position:

I have always admired the work your organization does with vulnerable communities. Your commitment to social justice resonates with my professional values, and I believe my previous experience as a social worker aligns perfectly with your mission.

Starting with a significant accomplishment can immediately capture interest. For example, in a public relations position:

As a Public Relations Representative at Company XYZ, I enhanced the company’s reputation and public image, resulting in a 40% increase in customer satisfaction. I am eager to bring my proven track record of success to your organization as the Head of Communications.

Step 4. Body- the Most Important Part

The body of your resume is where you showcase your qualifications, experience, skills, and achievements to demonstrate why you're the ideal candidate for the job. Structuring this section effectively is crucial to capturing the attention of hiring managers and persuading them to consider you for the position.

Here’s how to craft a compelling resume body:

Start with a Strong Summary or Objective Statement:

Begin your resume with a concise summary or objective that highlights your career goals and what you bring to the table. This helps recruiters quickly understand your professional background and aspirations. For example:

Results-driven marketing professional with 8+ years of experience in digital marketing strategies and campaign management. Proven track record of increasing brand awareness and revenue growth through innovative marketing initiatives. Seeking to leverage my skills and expertise to contribute to the continued success of ABC Company.

Highlight Key Skills:

List relevant skills that align with the job requirements. Use bullet points to make them easy to scan. Focus on both technical skills (e.g., software proficiency, languages) and soft skills (e.g., communication, leadership). For example:

Digital Marketing Strategy

SEO/SEM Optimization

Content Management Systems (CMS)

Social Media Marketing

Analytical Skills

Team Leadership

Add Keywords:

In the body of the cover letter, it's crucial to incorporate keywords extracted from the job description. These keywords highlight your relevant skills, experiences, and attributes that align with what the employer is seeking. For example, if the job description emphasizes "digital marketing strategy," "customer acquisition," and "social media management," your cover letter should showcase your expertise in these areas.

My experience in developing and implementing robust digital marketing strategies, coupled with a proven track record in customer acquisition and social media management, aligns perfectly with the goals outlined for the Sales & Marketing Manager position at Pride Mile.

Detail Your Work Experience:

Include your work history in reverse chronological order, starting with your most recent position. For each job, provide the following details:

Job Title and Company: Clearly state your position and the organization you worked for.

Dates of Employment: Specify the period you worked there.

Key Responsibilities: Outline your main duties and responsibilities in concise bullet points. Focus on achievements and quantify results where possible. For example:

Managed a team of 5 digital marketers to execute SEO and PPC campaigns, resulting in a 30% increase in website traffic and a 25% growth in lead generation.

Achievements: Highlight specific accomplishments that demonstrate your impact. Use metrics to quantify your achievements whenever feasible. For example:

Led a successful rebranding campaign that increased brand recognition by 40% and led to a 15% increase in customer engagement.

Education and Certifications: List your educational background, including degrees, diplomas, and relevant certifications. Mention any honors or awards received. Include the name of the institution, degree/certification earned, and dates attended.

Skills and Expertise: Elaborate on any additional skills or expertise that are relevant to the job. This could include technical skills, industry-specific knowledge, or proficiency in certain tools or methodologies.

Professional Development: Include any professional development activities, workshops, or seminars you have attended that are relevant to your career.

Step 5. Closing & Salutation

A strong conclusion to your cover letter is essential to leave a positive and lasting impression on a prospective employer. It serves as your final opportunity to express enthusiasm, reinforce your qualifications, and prompt the hiring manager to take action. Here’s how to effectively end your cover letter.

Show self-assurance in your skills and how they align with the job requirements. This demonstrates to the employer that you are a competent and enthusiastic candidate. For example:

I am confident that my project management experience and problem-solving abilities make me a perfect fit for your team. I thrive in dynamic environments and am eager to contribute to your company's success.

Let your passion for the role and the industry shine through. Mentioning your enthusiasm can make you a more memorable candidate. For instance:

My lifelong passion for animal welfare drives my dedication to providing top-notch veterinary care. I am excited to bring this passion to your clinic and contribute to the well-being of your patients.

Highlight how your skills and experiences align with the job responsibilities. This helps the employer see the direct benefits of hiring you. For example:

With seven years of experience managing senior accounts, I am skilled at anticipating client needs and handling situations with discretion. I am eager to bring this expertise to your team and help grow your client base.

Share your career aspirations and how they align with the company’s growth. This shows your long-term interest in the organization. For example:

I look forward to leveraging my sales experience to identify new markets and build strong customer relationships. My goal is to grow within your company and eventually lead the account management team.

Align your personal values with the company’s mission to show you’re a cultural fit. For example:

I admire ArcherTech's commitment to supporting local businesses and have innovative marketing ideas to increase profitability in this sector. I am excited to discuss these ideas further.

Emphasize relevant technical skills, especially those mentioned in the job description. This highlights your readiness to contribute effectively. For example:

I bring extensive experience with CAD software and can create integrated 360-degree renderings for client presentations. My past successes in this area can help boost your sales by 150% over the next two quarters.

Encourage the employer to take the next step, such as scheduling an interview. Express gratitude and indicate your eagerness to discuss your application further. For example:

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to discussing how my skills can contribute to your team. Please feel free to contact me at your convenience.

End your letter with a formal and courteous closing. Suitable options include "Best", "Sincerely", "Respectfully", and "Thank you".

Here's a template for Closing & Salutation:

This is the best approach I can suggest for writing a great cover letter, but I highly recommend using WPS Office templates for this. The AI features in AIPal and WPS Office can help extract keywords and assist with writing, while the templates provide pre-written content tailored to the position you're applying for. This approach minimizes effort and frustration, especially when a job requires a cover letter, ensuring your application meets all necessary requirements effectively.

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How to Proofread your Cover Letter- WPS Office

WPS Office is an all-around solution for various tasks, including writing a cover letter and securing your dream job. Beyond helping you create a polished cover letter, WPS Office also excels in proofreading it. With its AI-powered Proofreader, WPS Office ensures your cover letter is error-free and impactful.

WPS AI: To assist you in polishing your content：

WPS AI Proofreader is an essential tool for perfecting your cover letter with ease and confidence. As you craft your application, WPS AI Proofreader ensures your writing is polished to perfection. It goes beyond simple spell checks, offering real-time error detection for grammar, punctuation, and clarity. This means you can focus on expressing your skills and achievements effectively, without worrying about typos or awkward phrasing. With customizable settings and intuitive correction options, WPS AI Proofreader tailors its suggestions to fit your writing style, ensuring your cover letter maintains professionalism and clarity.

AIPal Chatbot: For ideas and consultation

AIPal is a great web-assistant throughout the process of refining and perfecting your cover letter through its robust proofreading and consultation capabilities. This AI-powered tool not only identifies grammatical errors and punctuation issues but also provides insightful suggestions to enhance the clarity and effectiveness of your ideas. AIPal ensures that your cover letter maintains a cohesive flow and communicates your qualifications effectively to potential employers.

1. How long should a Cover Letter be?

A cover letter should ideally be between half a page and a full page in length, with a word count ranging from 250 to 400 words. It is typically divided into three to six paragraphs. It's important to keep it brief and focused on relevant details.

2. What tone should I use in my Cover Letter?

To effectively convey the right tone in your cover letter, aim for a balance that is both professional and friendly.

Avoid overly formal language while maintaining a polished demeanor.

Tailor your communication style to fit the company's culture, showing genuine enthusiasm for the position without coming across as boastful or overly eager.

Use confident and positive language to articulate your qualifications clearly, avoiding jargon, informal expressions, or humor that could be misinterpreted.

This approach will ensure your cover letter reflects professionalism and authentic interest in the position.

3. Should I include references in my cover letter?

Typically, you do not need to include references in your cover letter unless the employer specifically requires them. Concentrate on highlighting your relevant qualifications and explaining why you are a strong match for the position.

Create An Impactful Cover Letter With WPS Office

Creating a compelling cover letter can often be the decisive factor in securing your dream job. It needs to showcase your expertise clearly and coherently, leaving no doubt about your suitability for the role. WPS Office provides a reliable solution where you can gather all the necessary information for when you are figuring out how to write a cover letter and ensure your cover letter resonates at the right level.

From templates perfectly tailored to the job position to extracting crucial keywords and summarizing job descriptions, WPS Office equips you with everything essential for writing a successful cover letter. Download AIPal today to streamline your job hunting journey and alleviate some of the frustrations along the way.

• 1. 9+ Printable Word Cover Letter Template Free Download
• 2. How to make a cover letter for a resume in WPS Office Word
• 3. Editable & Printable Sample Cover Letter for Job Application Word Format
• 4. Editable & Printable Sample Cover Letter for Job Application Word Format
• 5. New Cover Letter Template Free Download 2024
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Curriculum vitae

A curriculum vitae is a crucial document during the application process. Employers will usually look at your CV first and only then read your cover letter.

Initially, employers will scan your CV very briefly, spending roughly 10-20 seconds doing so. That is why you need to make sure employers can find what they are looking for very quickly. You should always keep in mind the specific requirements of the vacancy and adapt your CV for every application.

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Tips for your cv, general tips, personal details, internship & work experience, extracurricular activities, skills and interests.

Examples and inspiration

Read the handout to see an example of a CV (pdf) and aspects you should take into account.

The UvA Student Careers Centre has created a Pinterest External link board to provide inspiration on how to create an effective and professional CV.

CV Feedback Tool

Among other useful tools, please consult the "CV Feedback Tool" on our Career tools and tests page .

Information session on CVs

The UvA Student Careers Centre offers an information session about how to create a curriculum vitae. The session explains the basics of putting together a CV that accurately reflects your competences. You can sign up for this session if you are a current student or have graduated less than one year ago. The session is offered in both Dutch and English. If you would like to take part in ‘CV: the basics’, you can sign up online in advance. For this and our other sessions, please look at the Events page .

Individual feedback

You also have the option to schedule an appointment with a career adviser. In a one-on-one consultation, you will go over your CV together and look for ways to improve it.

• Writing a cover letter
• Job interview