how to write a reference on a resume

The Right Way to Submit References During Your Job Search (Template Included)

As you’re applying to jobs, you may be wondering about the best way to submit your references. Should you put them on your initial application materials? And how would you even list references on a resume?

The answer is, you don’t.

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Listing your references on a resume that should be one page (or maybe two pages ) is a waste of valuable space. A hiring manager or recruiter doesn’t have the ability to contact references for everyone who applies to an open position or even everyone they bring in for an interview. So save that resume room for detailing your skills, achievements, and qualifications.

What about writing, “ References available upon request, ” on your resume?

Avoid this too.

There’s “no need to state anything about references on your resume. It is assumed that you’ll share the info when requested,” Muse career coach Leto Papadopoulos says. Don’t waste a resume line to say something that’s taken for granted. (After all, you wouldn’t write, “Available for interviews upon request,” would you?)

Read on to learn the right way to list your references, download our template, and see an example.

When Do You Need References?

“Employers will typically check your references just before they’re ready to make an offer,” Papadopoulos says. That’s why you don’t need to provide them when you’re first applying for a job. But it’s a good idea to have them ready to go before you even land an interview.

If a company is ready to hire you pending a reference check, the last thing you want is to be held up by asking people to be a reference or collecting their contact information. Instead, you should “have your references ready and keep them updated during your search,” Papadopoulos says.

Who Should You Ask to Be a Reference?

Most companies will ask for two or three references from a candidate, so it’s always best to have at least three ready to go. Some prospective employers may request a certain mix of types of references, but generally you want to list former managers (or your current manager if they know about and are supportive of your job search) and former or current colleagues; if you’re earlier in your career and don’t have many former managers, you could list professors you worked closely with. If you’d be leading a team, you may be asked for a reference from a former direct report. For some client-facing roles, like account management, companies might want to hear from a former client or customer, so be sure to read up on the norms for your industry.

(Read more about who to list as a reference here or—if you have less work experience— here .)

The Right Way to Provide Your References to an Employer

Once you know who your references will be, you want to make it easy to submit them to employers when asked. So you should compile everything you need into a reference sheet, one handy—and well-formatted—document that can expedite the hiring process in the final stages.

When the time comes, you can attach your reference sheet to an email as a Word document or PDF file, or you can simply copy and paste the information into the body of the email.

What Information to Include on Your Reference Sheet

On your reference sheet, you should list each reference with the following information:

• Current Job/Position
• Phone Number
• Email Address
• Reference Description: Write one sentence explaining how you know or have worked with this person, where, when, and for how long. (Check out the example below to see what this looks like in action.)

There’s no need to include your reference’s home or work address—companies aren’t going to be mailing them anything. And if a reference expresses a strong preference for a certain method of contact, it’s OK to put “(preferred contact)” next to that line on your reference list.

To keep things easy for the hiring manager, it’s also a good idea to include your own name, phone number, and email at the top of the sheet (see the template and example below).

Reference Sheet Template and Example

You can use our template to make sure you have everything you need for all of your references.

Download the template here.

Here’s one example of what your reference sheet might look like:

References for Monica Medina (999) 000-1111 [email protected]

Nicole Chiu Director of Engineering Sunshine Inc. (555) 123-4567 [email protected] Nicole was my direct manager from 2016 to 2018 when I worked as a software developer for Sunshine Inc.

Kwame Smith Front-End Software Engineer Zapp Co. (111) 222-3333 [email protected] Kwame is an engineer I collaborate with daily in my current position at Zapp Co.

Dr. Carol Moore Professor of Computer Science University of Pennsylvania (123) 987-6543 [email protected] Carol was my professor in four different classes and my faculty advisor for my computer science degree.

Keeping references off your resume is not only the standard now, it’s also more thoughtful toward the people you’ve asked to speak on your behalf. By only submitting their names and contact information when asked directly (usually at the end of the hiring process), you’ll know when a prospective new employer is actually going to contact them—and you can give them a heads up, pass on any important information about the job or company you’re applying for, and thank them for their help.

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• Resume and Cover Letter
• How to List References on...

How to List References on Your Resume (With Examples)

7 min read · Updated on March 27, 2024

To include references on your resume or not? That is the question

At some point in your job search, an employer, recruiter, or HR professional is likely to ask you for a list of resume references. Many people will include a list of references right on their resume, or at least allude to the fact that references are available. The big question is… should you do either of these things?

If you're at the point of your job search where you need to know how to list references on your resume (or whether you should include them at all), you've come to the right place. In this article, we'll cover the following topics:

Whether you're supposed to put references on a resume

Why you should (or shouldn't) include resume references 

Where your references belong – and how to write them up

Who qualifies as a good resume reference

Let's get started!

Are you supposed to put references on a resume?

No, you are not supposed to put references on a resume

Instead, focus on providing the details that will convince a recruiter or hiring manager to contact you for an interview. Remember, your cover letter and resume are designed to get you the interview. The details you highlight on the resume during the job search should support this goal.

While it varies from company to company, most employers won't ask for your resume references until they're ready to reach out to them. This typically doesn't happen until you've made it through the initial interview rounds and are among the final candidates for a job. If, for any reason, an employer wants your references earlier in the process, rest assured they'll give you a chance to provide them. There's no need to place references on your resume when they won't be used until you're one of the final candidates.

That said, you should brainstorm a list of potential resume references as soon as you start submitting job applications, so you're ready when a prospective employer has specifically requested your professional references.

Why not include references on a resume?

Including references on a resume is simply a waste of space

Resume real estate is valuable and, as you know, when it comes to writing your resume, you only get so many pages to work with. Don't waste that space by putting a resume references section or adding the phrase “References available upon request.” 

Many employers usually won't ask for this information until you're further along in the interview process - and they know you'll provide references if they request them. Additionally, adding references to your resume can cause your application to get hung up in the applicant tracking system, or ATS , the software the company uses to manage candidates.

ATS can be programmed to automatically email references when they're found in the scanning process. If your reference doesn't respond to the automated message sent out by the ATS, your application could get caught in a pending status.

Where do you put references, if not on a resume?

Rather than putting references on your resume, type them up on a separate document

On a separate reference page, include the person's first name and last name, current job title and company name, email address, and phone number. Be sure to check with each of your professional references ahead of time, to confirm that the person is willing to be your reference and to verify which phone number and email address they'd like you to share with employers.

It's also helpful to add a line that explains to the reader how you've come to know this reference. For example,

It could be as simple as mentioning that you “worked together in Company XYZ's marketing department from July 2015 to November 2017,” or 

That your professional reference was your “direct supervisor at ABC Institute between 2018 and 2019.” 

You don't have to write a paragraph explaining your relationship to a reference, but it's nice to provide the employer or hiring manager with a little context.

When you type up your best resume references, consider using the same header information and font style that was used for your resume, so that the documents appear to be part of one overall package - even if they're not attached to one another. 

Resume references example: how to write your references

For example, if we were writing up resume references to accompany Alexa Campbell's resume , they might look something like this: 

Who should you ask to be a reference?

When choosing your professional references, select three to five people who have insight into your hard and soft skills and who you trust to say good things about you and your job performance. 

A good rule of thumb is to have at least three professional references – five if you're applying for an executive position. 

EXPERT TIP: If you opt to have more than three to five professional references, then the extras can be personal references. 

As you approach each person you want to have as a reference, give them an idea of the position you're applying for and how your skills match the role. This will help them know what to say when they're contacted. 

For the professional references

Try to find professional references who know about your skills and can talk about your career achievements in a way that aligns with what the job wants. Most of the time, your professional references will be talking about your hard skills – the things you know how to do from education and experience. 

Professional resume references examples include:

Former supervisors or managers

A leader at a place you volunteer

For the personal references

It is okay to have personal references, but you should never provide personal references INSTEAD OF professional references. Always, always give professional references first and then personal ones. You'd list the same details about your personal references as you do the professional references – Name, Title (who they are to you), phone, and email. Adding a couple of personal references can help boost your candidacy, as these folks will probably talk a lot about your soft skills , which employers value. 

Personal resume references examples include (note that not a single personal reference in the following list is a relative – your mom and grandma should not appear on your reference list!):

Academic Advisors

Sports Coach

Members of your network

Maximize resume space to improve job search impact

Having a good set of resume references to lean on while you search for a job is great, as they can help you get from interview to job offer. However, because of the limited space on your resume, you should create a separate document that contains just your references.

Remember, the goal of your resume is to get an interview. Before you sit down to speak with the hiring manager or recruiter, your references aren't going to help you. As such, you should aim to include only those details on your resume that will win an interview. 

When it's time to give your references to a hiring manager, make sure that you have a carefully curated list of contacts that can confidently speak to your abilities and how your skills match up with what the company is hiring for. 

Is your resume not getting results? Request a free review to find out how your resume is falling short .

This article was originally written by Amanda Augustine and has been updated by Marsha Hebert. 

Recommended reading:

What to Remove From Your Resume Right Away

How to Keep a Bad Reference From Ruining Your Career

Everything You Need to Know About References for Your Job Search

Related Articles:

Do Hiring Managers Actually Read Cover Letters?

How to Create a Resume With No Education

Why You Lose When You Lie on Your Resume: Learning From Mina Chang

See how your resume stacks up.

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A quick guide on how to list references on a resume

Jump to section

Should you include references on your resume?

Choosing the right references, what information do you need for a reference, tips and tricks for creating a reference sheet, a resume rolodex on the ready.

Job searching is nerve-wracking . We want our resume to leave a good first impression on hiring managers and don’t want to waste applying to positions we won’t hear back from. 

Some trial and error is inevitable when applying for jobs. There’s always a learning curve if you’re entering the workforce or switching industries. But one piece of advice will help ease the process: always tailor applications to the job posting. This includes references. 

Choosing whether to include a reference section on your resume depends on several factors, including your work experience and the job ad. We’ll discuss how to list references on a resume and when to include them.

We’ll also note how to write and format a reference list and include templates and tips to get you started.

In most cases, including references on your resume isn’t necessary — but that doesn’t mean it’s always a bad idea.

When hiring managers look at a resume, their main focus is auditing your skills and work experience to see if you qualify for the role. Based on that information, they’ll decide whether or not to invite you for an interview. Contacting references usually happens after you move past this first meeting. 

Resumes are most effective when they’re clean and concise. They get through applicant tracking systems more successfully and are easier for hiring managers to read.

When you submit a resume online, it often goes through an applicant tracking software which detects specifics the employer has outlined. If it notices these specifications, your resume moves to the next stage. According to Jobscan, 99% of Fortune 500 companies use applicant tracking systems , so it’s worth simplifying your resume by omitting references to successfully move through these. 

But that doesn't mean requiring references for a job is obsolete. You should always prepare to provide references to a potential employer by creating a resume reference list, should they ask for one.

A resume reference list is a separate document with all your references’ contact information. Recruiters, hiring managers, or direct managers may contact people on your resume reference list to verify your work history and job performance or ask behavioral questions to understand your character.

While in most cases you should only offer references when a hiring manager requests, if you’re a university student, recent grad, or a candidate applying to an entry-level position, providing references will help bolster your application.

Even if a recruiter doesn't call your references before the interview, including them is a great way to demonstrate that you’ve taken initiative to build professional relationships .

Some of the best career advice to take in earnest is to tailor your resume to each job posting. This is the best way to align your skills and experience with the company culture and job description.

Using similar language to the job description when advertising your hard and soft skills makes it easier for recruiters to immediately notice you qualify for the position. 

The same rings true when sending references. 

Imagine you’re a graphic designer applying for two positions. One is client-facing, while the other requires you to work exclusively with an internal project manager.

In the first scenario, you’ll want to include a former client that can attest to your work ethic and ability to meet deadlines and manage projects. In the latter, you’ll want to include former managers and direct supervisors to vouch for your ability to work in a more collaborative setting .

When narrowing down your choices, consider people that’ll give good character references . Choose contacts who will sing your praises and highlight your strongest qualities, skills, and qualifications.

These are the best people to include as references:

• Current or former manager or direct supervisor
• Current or former colleague
• Current or former client
• Academic advisor, professional mentor, or career coach

Make sure you’re comfortable with your references knowing you’re actively looking for a job, especially if they’re people you currently work with. Asking a present colleague or manager might create unnecessary tension at your job — especially if you aren’t committed to leaving.

It's also essential to ask people if they’re willing to be a reference for you before giving their information out. Confirm people’s preferred mode of contact before sending reference information.

Some companies require a lengthy phone call with your reference, while a brief email is enough for others. Be sure you respect your references' time and preferences by giving them time to prepare and a heads up if an interview goes well.

It’s also nice to send a thank you note to those who accept being your reference, especially if a potential employer contacts them, to express gratitude and strengthen your connection.

Writing a reference on a resume or reference sheet differs slightly. With a reference sheet, you have more room and should include the following: 

• Reference name
• Company name and current job title
• Brief description of your relationship (former colleague, previous employer, ongoing or past client)
• Number of years you worked together
• Company address, including professional phone number and email address

The way you include references on your resume will be sparser, as you’ll have less space. Here’s how to format references on a resume:

• Company name, job title, relationship
• Preferred form of contact

If you’re really tight for space, just add “References available upon request” at the bottom so employers know you have some prepared if needed.

Include 2–3 references on a resume and 3–5 on a reference sheet. Never submit your reference sheet with your resume — save it for employers that ask. You can prepare one and bring it to an interview in case they request it in the moment. 

You should also have an easily editable file to send with a follow-up email to the hiring manager if you’re asked for references during a phone or video interview. 

A reference sheet is a valuable way to prepare for an interview. Here are three tips so your document persuades recruiters : 

1. No personal info

Only include your reference's professional contact information, like a company email, address, and phone number. Don’t give away a contact's personal information unless they’ve explicitly asked you to.

Giving away someone's private information without their consent will likely catch them by surprise and could affect how they talk about you. It also looks less professional to employers. 

2. Keep it short and professional

Keep relationship descriptions short and sweet and avoid personal anecdotes or oversharing.

Here’s a good resume reference example: 

Sheryl Dove, Head Project Manager

Sheryl was my direct supervisor at [company name] from 2019 to 2022. She oversaw my work on backend software development for more than 25 apps for 12 clients.

Why it works: The description gives all the appropriate, specific information (relationship, business, and years) with number-driven information that will tie into the skills and references on your resume.

Here’s an example of what not to write: 

Sheryl Dove, Manager, [company name]

I loved working with Sheryl. She is an amazing project manager and I got to enjoy three great years with her. We worked together on lots of projects for many clients. I loved working on apps with her, and she also has the cutest dog.

Why it doesn't work: The description is unnecessarily personal and sounds like a recommendation for Sheryl rather than you. It also forces the hiring manager to do too much work to understand when and where you worked together. 

3. Provide variety

The ideal set of references will show the breadth of your career. Try not to include too many individuals from one company or only your direct supervisor in each role. Instead, provide references that reflect the variety of experiences you’ve included on your resume.

Unless you’re new to the job market or industry, it’s best to keep references off your resume and instead include a reference sheet for requests. No matter the avenue you take, you should know how to list references on a resume or prepare a reference list for when you need one. 

Scour your professional contacts and reach out to people you’ve worked directly with and had great experiences with.

Feel free to request certain information from them, like asking a reference to mention how well a specific project went or how quickly you were promoted. Your application will stand out thanks to your initiative and preparedness.

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Elizabeth Perry, ACC

Elizabeth Perry is a Coach Community Manager at BetterUp. She uses strategic engagement strategies to cultivate a learning community across a global network of Coaches through in-person and virtual experiences, technology-enabled platforms, and strategic coaching industry partnerships. With over 3 years of coaching experience and a certification in transformative leadership and life coaching from Sofia University, Elizabeth leverages transpersonal psychology expertise to help coaches and clients gain awareness of their behavioral and thought patterns, discover their purpose and passions, and elevate their potential. She is a lifelong student of psychology, personal growth, and human potential as well as an ICF-certified ACC transpersonal life and leadership Coach.

What are professional references and how to ask for one (examples)

Character references: 4 tips for a successful recommendation letter, drafting an effective reference request email, use professional reference templates to make hiring smoother, how to ask for a letter of recommendation (with examples), how to put babysitting on a resume: 6 skills to highlight, how to answer “what are your weaknesses” with ease, unique skills for resumes to attract attention, resume best practices: how far back should a resume go, similar articles, got career gaps here’s what to do about it, 7 critical teamwork skills and how to develop them, what do employers look for in a background check, stay connected with betterup, get our newsletter, event invites, plus product insights and research..

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How to List References on a Resume [w/ Examples]

You’ve applied for an office position. You can’t wait to get an interview with the HR department.

Everything seems good to go, but now, the HR asked you for a list of your references.

So, how do you do this?

Are you supposed to attach it to your resume? Who do you include in your resume references? Is there a custom format style? 

Well, kick back and relax because we’re here to help answer all your uncertainties!

Read on to learn everything you need to know about listing references on a resume.

• Whether you should or shouldn’t put a reference sheet on your resume.
• How to properly list references on a resume (with pro-tips).
• The best way to format a “References” section.
• Helpful resume references examples.

Should You Include References on a Resume? 

The general common practice that the majority of resume experts agree on is that you should NOT add a list of references to your resume . 

Because, generally, the HR department doesn’t have time to go through every candidate’s list of references. They have a lot more important things to do than reach out to all the references every single candidate ever provided.

That’s why references aren’t requested until after your interview has gone well or right before you are hired.

But here’s the thing: 

That’s not an unshakable no.

If the job description explicitly states that you should include references on your resume, without question, include one! 

This is very straightforward on its own, you’ll know when you see it. 

Some consulting firms, for example, tend to ask for testimonials on your performance from previous employers before they hire you. 

In this case, it's best if you do include the contact information of the people providing you with their positive feedback, so the HR can check how legitimate they are.

Bottom line: 

Every word on your resume should be full of value and quality. References add unnecessary space. Insert them only when required or if you’re asked to submit testimonials.

Want to save time? Get your resume done in under 5 minutes, with our resume builder . Quick and simple, ready-made templates that will do all the work for you.  

How to List References on a Resume [+ Example]

Now, let’s say you’re requested to provide a list of references. 

What’s the best way to display it? 

• Reference's First Name & Last Name - Tim Borden
• Professional Position / Title - Marketing Coordinator
• Name of the Reference's Company - Zen Corporation
• Business Address - Blaine Ave
• City, State, Zip of Company - Atlantic City, NJ, 07030
• Phone Number of Reference - (600) 753 9216
• Email Address of Reference - [email protected]

It’s best to stay ahead of the game. 

Keeping a list of possible references is something that should be done in advance, even when you’re not looking for a job. 

When you’re searching for a new position, you want to have a list of several names to contact. 

You wouldn’t want to struggle coming up with good fits on short notice, would you? 

Here are some more tips to keep in mind: 

You should always start your list with your biggest fan first : your most important and impressive reference. 

And no, this shouldn’t be your mom. Instead, you’d want your previous boss to vouch for you. 

Busy employers may not contact all of your references, but they will likely start at the top of the list. Glowing recommendations shouldn’t be left last!

What’s more, it’s important to clarify your relationship . 

It’s crucial to include what your working relationship to the reference is and how long you’ve known them for. 

But do not overshare . Don’t add more than the items we mentioned on the list unless required. 

And never include the personal mail addresses of your references for two reasons:

They will surely not be contacted via snail mail. 

And they might not want all of their personal information shared. 

Last, but not least:

Choose your references appropriately. 

Always choose the best references for the specific job under consideration. 

Let’s say you want to assert your marketing skills. In this situation, you could seek references from a former boss who can attest to that. Somebody like the Head of Marketing or Chief Marketing Officer . 

How to Format a Resume References Section 

Learning how to arrange a reference section is just as vital as other sections of your resume or cover letter. 

A messy, carelessly formatted reference page will lose your employer's interest. 

So how do you write one that’s eye-catching and professional?

First, put your references on a separate sheet . Add an exclusive reference page, as the last page of your resume. 

Keep the same format for your reference sheet as your resume and cover letter, meaning use the same font, margins, and color scheme. 

• Start off at the very top with your name, address, and phone number. You should place this information on that side of the page that fits the look of your cover letter and resume. (left, right or in the middle).
• Next, write the date. Then start with your employer's information in this specific order: name, job position, company name, and company address.
• Finally, follow up with a preferred title/subtitle: name the section References or Professional References .

If you’ve included personal references as well, you could also add “Personal References” as a subtitle. 

Use the formatting we discussed in the previous section to list your references.

Ditch the common “References available upon request”. 

This is a frequent mistake. Employers formerly know this and it’s an overworked phrase. The general rule of thumb is to keep your resume as brief as possible. Why misuse the space? 

How Many References Should You Include in Your Resume? 

Though there really isn’t a written rule anywhere about how many references you should include, the most fitting number would be three to five . 

Based on your career level though, there is a general division of two groups:

Regular and/or first-time job seekers , should usually provide 3 to 4. 

Whereas people applying for senior roles should include a longer list: about 5 to 7 references. 

In that case, it’s sufficient to list one reference for all the different points in your professional record. 

Who is a Good Reference For Your Resume? 

It’s important that all the references in your resume are all deliberately selected individuals . 

Everyone’s aunt thinks that they are special, but what does your previous manager think about your work ethic?

To figure out who’s a good reference for you, you should take personal experience into consideration: that means what stage in your career you’re currently in. 

Because you’d list different people at different points in your career. 

If you are a student or recent graduate with little to no work practice, you would want to get references from:

• Guidance tutors or counselors
• Course teachers and professors 

Any of these people can speak positively about your best skills, qualities, and experiences. 

When you have some professional background, however, even at an entry-level position , you have more variety in selecting a good reference. 

You could use former colleagues or managers as well as project , master , doctorate supervisors from your most current studies. 

If you are a professional candidate , this process becomes simpler as your preferred references will be more acquainted with giving and requesting references. 

• If you don’t have a lot of professional references to count on, you can reach out to just about anyone that can provide you with a valuable character reference.
• If a friend works in the company you are applying to, you could also use them as a reference.

Other important things you should consider:

• Ask for permission and say thank you. Fill in your references before handing over their contact information to an eventual employer. It’s solely common courtesy. Send them a copy of your resume as well, so that both of you are in harmony for when the manager calls. Don’t forget to be grateful either. If you get the job, take them out on lunch to properly say thank you. Follow up, a little acknowledgment can go a long way! 
• DO NOT use family members. This is unconventional and discouraged. The people you use as references should be unrelated to you, in a familial sense. Of course, our mothers have countless nice things to say about us, but their opinion isn’t relevant on a resume. It might also appear as though you don’t have enough people to vouch for you. 
• Avoid people you’ve confronted. Be careful in not adding individuals you are or have once been in professional conflict with. You can never be too sure if they’re still holding a grudge against you. Play it safe. 
• Make sure they are comfortable. Especially if they’re a person you are currently still working with, confirm they are okay with you searching for a new job. If you’re trying to keep it a secret from your employer though, it’s best not to ask a current coworker at all. You can never know for certain how ethical or pleased with your success one is. 

In the end, the basic point of a reference is for the employers to get a true reflection of your work ethics, background, character, and personality. 

Find people who can properly display all of the above for you.

3+ Good & Bad Resume Reference Sheet Examples

So many rules! 

But don’t worry - we have some great examples for you to help put them into practice: 

GOOD EXAMPLE:

MY BEST AND FAVORITE REFERENCE - inappropriate title 

Martha Payne - a family member as a reference 

2809 Candlelight Drive - including home address

870-294-1238 - wrong listing order, the reference phone number should be second to last

Nursing Assistant - unrelated to your industry or position

Newlife Hospital

4164 Fittro Street 

Lurton, AR, 72848

[email protected]

Martha is my auntie. She’s not only a well-respected member of the community but a remarkable nurse. She was the one who raised me and I consider her my mother. She knows me better than anybody else and I couldn’t have chosen a better person to speak of my character. - prolonged and unprofessional description 

References available upon request - overused unnecessary phrase

• providing them only one reference 

Key Takeaways

Here’s a recap of what we learned in this post:

• References ARE NOT supposed to be on your resume. So when in doubt, DON’T include a list to your resume. 
• On rare occasions though, references may be added on a resume. If you decide to do so, put your list on a separate sheet. Don’t forget to match it to the style of your cover letter and resume.
• Be intelligent with your reference choices. Your number of references should correspond to your career stage. Put your most glowing references on the top. Selected those who are closest to your line of work. Avoid people you’ve ever had professional conflicts with.
• Be diplomatic. Always ask for permission before listing them as references. Email them a copy so that you’re both on the same page. Don’t forget to thank them afterward. 
• Use the correct formatting. List your references precisely as we showed you in this guide. There’s a definite, proper way to arrange entries and the structure of the page itself - don’t contradict it. Use the examples we gave you as a guide.

Suggested readings:

• How to Write a Resume & Land That Job? [21+ Examples]
• What to Put On a Resume [7+ Job-Winning Sections]
• CV vs. Resume - What are the Differences & Definitions [+ Examples]

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How to List References on a Resume in 2024 (with Examples & Tips)

In this guide, we will cover everything you need to know about including references on a resume, from how to format them to how to know when they should be included at all.

Beautiful resume templates to land your dream job

Should I Put References on a Resume?

The answer to whether or not to put references on your resume can vary. 

The general rule of thumb when is actually to not include references on your resume .

This is because employers are unlikely to reach to references until the interview phase, making the inclusion of them on an initial resume typically unnecessary.

This does not mean that there are never scenarios in which you will need to know how to properly list references.

For specific jobs and in certain situations, you may be asked or required to include a list of references within or alongside your resume. 

When you need strong references, it's important to structure them so that they stand out and impress the hiring manager, landing you the pivotal interview. 

In this guide, we will be covering the basics of how listing references on your resumes and when to know it’s time to use references.

Plus, we will discuss alternatives to sending references that can help you in situations where sending a reference may be a difficult task. 

How to List References on a Resume

When it comes to listing references on a resume, there are two main ways you can go about it:

1) Make a Dedicated Reference Section

Making a dedicated reference section involves making the space on your existing resume to include a short section with information on your references.

2) Create a Separate Reference Page (recommended)

More often than not, job applicants who have chosen to include references on their resume will do so on an entirely separate page to be included with the resume. 

The second option of listing your references on a separate page is actually the preferred and recommended method.

This is because references are not generally expected to be included on an initial resume and can take up unnecessary space that may be off-putting to hiring managers.

Comparatively, a separate page of references gives the hiring manager the opportunity to look more closely at the information in the resume without becoming visually disoriented by too many sections.

Hint: Not sure how to list other sections of your resume? Check out our Resume Guides to learn more about how to craft each section of your resume. 

When to Put References on a Resume

So, if it is typically not expected to have references included on an initial resume, when is the best time to include references on a resume?

Creating a reference section or page can be necessary depending on a number of situations, including:

• If the employer has specifically requested for references to be included in the job description
• If you have progressed further down the hiring process and have been asked to provide references before or after an interview
• If you are applying to governmental or institutional position, such as a federal job, that will require strong references and a background check

Quick Tip: If you have impressive references, such as a company CEO or another recognizable figure, be sure to make these the most noticeable references and the first ones you list in your reference section. 

Overall, the golden rule is to wait to provide references until they are requested.  

Examples of References on Resumes

Let’s take a look at a few examples of references on resumes to learn more about common mistakes made when crafting a reference and how to correct them. 

It is highly important to include the necessary information to contact a reference – just a name and company is not enough. You should always include at least an official business number and an official business email in your references. 

John Doe CEO of Doe Corporation  123 Avenue Way, New York, NY

John Doe CEO of Doe Corporation 123 Avenue Way (123) 456-9890 [email protected] 

Always be specific when including the reference’s job position or title.

Don’t just list the name of the company without the exact job title to go along with it.

If you are unsure of a reference’s job title, ask them before submitting your references to an employer. 

Jane Smith Works for corporate at Best Buy 42 Wallaby Way (123) 456-7890 [email protected]

Jane Smith Head of Marketing and Sales Best Buy 42 Wallaby Way (123) 456-7890 [email protected]

‍ How to Format a References Section on a Resume

Formatting a reference section will ultimately depend on if it is being created within a larger resume or separately on a different page.

For on-resume reference sections, it is important to keep them as short as possible, potentially even excluding some of the basic information. 

If you are including references directly on a resume, you will likely only want to include one or two of your most relevant and impressive ones in order to not take up too much space. 

When making a separate page for references, you can simply stack them as you would jobs in a work experience section , placing emphasis on relevance in how the references are ordered. 

The Basic Reference Format:

• First and Last name
• Position or Title (i.e. CEO, professor of law, etc.)
• Company or University of Employment
• Company or University Address ( not personal addresses)
• Company or University Phone number
• Company or University Email Address

It is important when writing out your references that you do not include personal information about the reference, such as a personal cellphone number or email, without their explicit permission.

It is best to just air on the side of caution and only include official and public contact information. 

There is, of course, optional additional information you may want or choose to include within a reference.

This can include:

• Your relationship to the reference
• The length of time you worked with this reference
• Examples of experiences or projects that you and a reference shared work on that they can provide greater detail about

As for formatting the rest of your resume, don’t forget to check out our other guides in this series including How to Write the Perfect Resume and How to Choose the Correct Resume Format !

What Not to Include in a Reference on a Resume

We have already covered the basics of what to include and how to format a basic reference – but what kind of information should be excluded from a reference on a resume. 

Here is a quick breakdown of what kinds of information should be excluded from a reference:

• Any personal information
• Lengthy descriptions of your relationship to the reference
• Personal anecdotes or other non-essential information
• Too many references from the same company or employer

You ultimately want to provide concise references that are easy to ready quickly and clearly show why that person has been included as a reference.

Take a look at these two examples on correcting reference errors:

When including additional information, keep it to one line or less of the most relevant information.

Additionally, keep additional specific and don’t use vague wording such as “several years.”

Incorrect :

Jack Frost CEO of Frost Inc. 21 East Avenue (123) 456-7890 [email protected] I worked closely with Jack for a number of years and learned a lot from him that contributed to my skills today. 

Jack Frost CEO of Frost Inc. 21 East Avenue (123) 456-7890 [email protected] I worked as Mr. Frost’s personal and administrative assistant for 8 years.

When making your list of references you plan of including, it is important to not include too many from the same company.

You should only really include two references from the same company if each reference witnessed different skills or accomplishments of yours that the other did not. 

You worked at a corporate company in the communications department as a copywriter, and you have worked with both junior and senior level copywriters who you have included as references.  

You include only the senior copywriter as a reference, as they can better attest to your skills and their position is more impressive and relevant to the job you are seeking. 

How Many References to Add to a Resume

Assuming you are using a separate, dedicated references page, the ideal number of references to aim for is between 3 to 4.

In some cases, you may include up to 5 to 6 references, though generally you should limit yourself to a lower number unless specifically requested to do otherwise. 

When selecting your 3 to 4 references, it is important to keep a few factors in mind:

• Which references hold the highest prestige in their positions, making their inclusion on a references page notable?
• Which references can provide the most relevant information about your work ethic and skills for the job you are currently applying for?
• Which references do you have the strongest relationships with who will go above and beyond to recommend you to a hiring manager?

Who to Ask for References

As you are creating your list of potential references to contact, there are a number of different types of people you can consider including.

It is important to keep in consideration how a reference can relate back to the job you are applying for, and whether their testimony of your work ethic and skills will be relevant enough for the desired position. 

Here are some common examples of who to include as references:

• Former employer or manager
• Supervisor or low-level management
• Coworker, colleague, or team member
• College professor
• Internship supervisor 
• Community member (typically used when a job applicant has limited references but has connections within the community who can validate their experience and skills)
• Business partners (this can be anyone you worked on a project with or shared a similar business experience with)

How to Ask for a Reference

Asking for professional references can be a bit nerve-wrecking, especially if your references are busy people.

The key to asking for references is to be polite and concise in your request. A direct phone call is preferred for asking for references, but a quick email can work in a pinch as well. 

When asking someone to serve as a reference for you, it is important to be considerate of their potentially busy schedule and give them a good time frame for when to expect a call or email.

This is another reason why it is important to wait to provide references until requested, as it will give you a narrower window of time to give to your references of when they will need to be on the lookout a hiring manager to contact them. 

Quick Tip: When you call or email to ask for a reference, this is a great time to confirm that the information you have is correct (such as their specific title and business phone number).

Can People You Have a Personal Relationship with Be a Reference?

It is generally advised against to include references that have a strong personal relationship with you outside of work (such as a significant other, parent, or sibling) as this can result in a biased recommendation from the reference. 

However, exceptions can be made in certain instances, such as if you worked within a family-owned business or if the reference worked directly with you for a long period of time.

In general, however, try to avoid including references that are too personally related to you. 

Alternative Methods for Sending References

If you are a new graduate or are returning to the workforce after some time away, you may not have many recent professional references to include in a resume.

For recent grads, including one or two professors can be acceptable, but you will likely still need other references.

Here are some examples of alternative references when you lack strong professional ones:

• Volunteers you have worked with
• Professors or teachers who have recently taught you
• Community members such as church pastors or mentors who can attest to your character

Final Takeaways

Ultimately, the key to doing references right is to wait to provide them until they are requested by a hiring manager or potential employers.

Once references have been requested, remember the following five takeaways that are key for rocking your reference section:

• Create a separate and dedicated references page to go along with your resume
• Provide all the necessary official contact information
• Avoid including personal information of the reference’s 
• Avoid including references who share too personal of a connection to you
• Include the most relevant or impressive references at the top of the page

To learn more about all the elements of creating a great resume, check out our beautiful resume template designs and resume examples for inspiration!

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How to Write a Resume Reference List With Examples

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What is a resume reference list?

How to choose resume references, resume reference list template, resume reference list examples.

Few interviewers will ask you to submit resume references as part of the application process, but you can have one prepared and ready to submit when they do request it. Most employers ask for your references after an initial phone screening or onsite interview if they’re considering you for the position. No matter when employers ask for your references, it’s best to have a list prepared that includes at least three reliable contacts who are willing to provide insight on you as an employee or colleague and highlight your best professional attributes. In this article, you can learn what a resume reference list is and how to request references.

A reference list is a document that applicants present along with their resume to an employer that provides the contact information for your professional references. If a company is considering you for a position, the employer will probably contact your references to ask questions about your job performance, reliability, whether former employers would rehire you and other relevant information. The answers will help the employer determine whether or not they want to move ahead in the hiring process with you.

Follow these steps to begin writing your reference list:

1. First, decide how many references to include in your reference list

While some employers may specify the number of references they’d like to see, others will not. In the latter case, think about where you are in your career. If you’re attempting to enter the job market for the first time, three references are enough, but if the role you are applying for is higher up, such as a supervisory or executive role, you can include a larger number of references from different points in your career. Be sure to follow any guidelines the employer gives you during the selection process. 

2. Next, choose your best professional contacts to list as references

When deciding on who to include as references, consider former colleagues or supervisors who can validate your skills and qualifications, as well as your reliability and trustworthiness as an employee. Try to list people who are prepared to speak about the talents specific to the job you’re applying for. When deciding who to list as a professional reference, check with them first to ensure that they are willing to be a good reference. Only include people you are comfortable with knowing you are looking for a new job, especially if you currently work with or for them. 

The following people tend to be the best references:

• Academic advisors
• Former employer

3. Then, ask your professional contacts to be your references

As mentioned above, it is important to ask your contacts if they are willing to provide a reference before you submit their names. This is a common courtesy, as many people prefer to keep their contact information as confidential as possible. You also want to make sure they’re comfortable providing a reference for you. Checking with your references also allows time for them to expect a call from the employer and prepare what they want to say about you with examples and specific praises. 

4. Last, decide how and when to submit your list of references

As a rule, do not send your reference list with your application unless it is requested on the job posting or the hiring manager requests references along with your resume. Typically, you can wait until the hiring manager requests the list. Knowing that they will ask for your references allows you to feel free to remove ‘references available upon request’ from your resume.

People typically choose to list references in reverse chronological order, beginning with the person they worked with most recently, though some people choose to order the list based on which person knows them best. 

Here is one example you can follow to format your resume reference list: 

Reference contact information:

Name Title or position Company Company address Reference phone number Reference email address

Description: Include where you worked with this reference, when you worked together and your working relationship.

Lea Martin Sales Director Eagle Crest Advertising, LLC 4747 Main St. Austin, TX 78701 555-555-5555 [email protected]

Lea was my direct supervisor while I worked as a regional sales manager for Eagle Crest Advertising, LLC from 2013 to 2018.

Joann McDonald Professor, Cooley School of Business The University of Texas at Austin 1268 Delaware Avenue Austin, TX 78712 555-555-5555 [email protected]

Dr. McDonald was my professor for several business courses I completed to earn my MBA from the University of Texas, Austin.

Your reference list should include your contact information in the header using the same theme, look and feel as your resume, using the same fonts and matching colors. This allows your list of references and your resume to look more professional and consistent.

When you get hired at your new position, make sure to reach out to thank your contacts for providing references that assisted you in finding a new job. This can be a quick phone call, handwritten note or email. Showing your gratitude to these connections is not only common courtesy, it will ensure that you remain in the good graces of your contacts.

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How To List Your Resume References [With Formatting Examples]

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“Hi there! This is Jennifer calling from Google. The team absolutely loved you and we'd like to move forward by contacting your resume references. Can you please send them along?”

SCORE! You  finally  made it, all that work is about to pay off.

You crafted the perfect resume and cover letter . You prepared for and absolutely crushed your interviews . You're SO close you can taste it!

There's only one thing left between you and that sweet, sweet offer — a reference check.

If you're thinking “this is in the bag,” you may want to slow your roll.

While your resume references are usually a formality, choosing the wrong people or presenting them the wrong way can throw up a red flag right as you're about to cross the finish line.

The good news is that if you follow a few simple rules and plan ahead, you'll knock this out of the park and be signing your offer letter in no time.

This post is going to cover everything you need to know about resume references, including:

• Why resume references can make or break your chances of getting a job offer
• Where to put your references (should they even be on your resume?)
• The best way to list and format your references in 2020
• What types of people make great references (and how to ask them)
• 10+ examples of awesome resume reference examples you can steal

You may be asking, who is this guy and why is he qualified to talk about this?

I spent two years making the jump from health care into technology, eventually landing offers at Google, Microsoft, & Twitter. All of those companies asked for my references and I used the exact methods I'm about to share with you to seal the deal with all three.

Now I want to share that info with you so you can replicate those results!

What Are Resume References And Why Are They Important?

A resume reference list is essentially a selection of people who can vouch for your professional skills and confirm that you’re an awesome employee this company should be excited about.

References usually come into play just before the company extends an offer. The team loved you in the interview and they just want to confirm that what you said lines up with other people you've worked with.

When it comes to actually checking, there's a pretty broad range.

Some companies don't bother checking references at all, while some might ask you to provide 5 or more.

You'd rather be fully prepared and burn a few extra minutes for nothing rather than be stuck scrambling to find an ex-colleague with a 24 hour turnaround time!

Should You Put Your References On Your Resume?

Nope! Your references should never show up your actual resume, here's why:

First, resume space is precious.

You just spent hours editing your resume and squeezing it down to a single page. You really don’t want to be wasting valuable space on your carefully edited resume by adding reference details.

On top of that, the company doesn’t need or want your references when you submit your resume. They're still trying to decide if you're even qualified to do the job!

A value driven resume bullet about a project you led is going to be way more effective than giving out your old boss's digits.

Plus, think about where you're submitting your resume. If you're sharing it on LinkedIn, on job boards like Indeed or Angel.co, you're putting up a billboard with people's information for everyone to see!

Your references may have your back now, but that might change if they start getting calls from Nigerian royalty who want to share their fortunes.

“Ok, so should I at least put a line that says ‘References available upon request'?”

Nope! It’s fully expected that you’ll provide references if the company requests them. Again, focus on selling yourself and your experience on your resume. We'll take care of your references in a new doc called your  Reference Sheet.

You're going to want to fire up a new Google Doc for your references, but the key here is to make sure you're staying consistent with your resume.

This means that you want to keep the same color scheme, structure, font, and general format on both documents:

You want to make sure that your reference sheet includes:

• Your full name
• Email address
• Phone number
• Link to your LinkedIn profile

You never know who this is going to be passed around to, so you want to make it easy for recruiters and hiring managers to know what candidate these references belong to.

Remember, your goal is to stand out — and paying attention to details on your reference sheet is a surefire way to make that happen.

How To List Your References On A Resume

Should be easy, right? We're just adding some names and contact info here…right?

Not so fast.

If you want to win more job offers, you need to capitalize on every opportunity to add value and control the process.

This means paying attention to detail and creating those opportunities through every step of the process. Listing your references is no different.

How To List And Format Your Resume References

Sure, we're going to drop in some contact information, but we're also going to leverage a tactic to help steer the conversation towards a specific project or result that we want the employer to know and your reference to talk about.

You want to make sure your reference format includes (in order):

• Company/Organization
• Phone Number
• Email Address
• Relationship + Relevant Context

It should look a little something like this:

Now, you probably knew about the contact info stuff, but most job seekers miss out on the relevant context piece.

When listing your references, you want to provide a specific detail about a project/initiative you worked on and  the results it drove.

Results = value, and value is what gets you hired.

This starts when you reach out to a potential reference. I have instructions and an email template you can use to ask people to be your reference below. When they agree, hop on the phone with them and walk through the game plan:

“Hey Jennifer, thank you so much for offering to be a reference. I really appreciate it! This is for an operations role and the company is focused on increasing productivity/efficiency. It would be great if you could talk them through the Axion project we worked on together where we reduced redundancies by 37% in 6 months!”

Guess what happens next? Your reference starts singing your praises and discussing how amazing that Axion project was and what a great job you did to drive those results.

That’s way better than a typical response like this:

“Uhh yea, I worked with Austin for a couple of years. We were on the same team, he's a nice guy and seems to do good work. Yea, sure, I'd recommend him.”

That showcases zero personality and doesn't do anything to boost your credibility. We want to avoid that at all costs!

Finally, you always want to make sure to lead with your best reference. The person who has the most to say should always be at the top of your list.

How Many Resume References Should You Have?

Most of the time, your interviewer/recruiter will tell you how many references you should provide. If that's the case, you're good!

If not, you can always ask to get a number from them. That will most likely be a range and it could be vague like,  “we'd love to talk to a few people who you've worked with.”

If they’re not super clear, it's up to you to decide!

My best recommendation is five people if you can swing it. Five references gives the employer choices while also illustrating that you have a solid range of people who you believe will stand up for you.

That said, not everyone has five references to put on their resume. If we're talking minimums, you need to have at least three references to share. We're about to chat through the types of people that make great references, so if you don't think you can make it to three, stick with me!

Finally, a major exception here is for senior roles. If you're going for C-Level or VP level roles, you'll probably want to provide a more robust set of references. Seven is a good ballpark here.

Everybody else can stick with five!

What Types Of People Make Good References?

There are a couple of basic questions to ask yourself when considering who to add to your resume references list:

• Who would be the best reference for this particular job?
• Who do I know that works in this industry?
• Who understands the exact skills I have that apply to this position?
• Who do I know with the most impressive job title?
• Who do I know at big-name companies?
• Who am I okay with knowing I’m looking for a new job? (Hint: Probably not your current boss)
• Who might my potential employer know and respect?

Think about it from the employer’s perspective — everyone wants to hire top talent.

The employer is using your references to validate your story and hear that same story from a 3rd party. In other words, they want to know that you are who you say you are.

They also want to know that your previous employers (and colleagues) liked you. Were you an over achiever? Did your team love you? Were you an awesome cultural fit?

Your potential employer cares about all of those things and the best way to find out is by asking.

If you can’t provide proof that folks enjoyed spending time with you, that you got your stuff done, and that you were a valuable asset, that's going to throw up some major red flags.

You've made it this far! We don't want that to happen.

Who Makes The Best References?

That said, your references don't just have to be former managers or colleagues. There are so many people we can pull from, here are few examples:

• Former managers
• Former colleagues (on your team and other teams as well!)
• People you volunteer with
• Friends & family friends
• Professors/teachers
• Mentees or students

You definitely want to prioritize people who have worked with you in a professional sense, but you can also get a glowing endorsement from people who see you in other aspects of your life. Those can be just as valuable.

It's also important to note that your references don’t need to all be of a “higher rank” than you. If you managed an intern, if you mentor someone, or if you teach in some capacity, you could absolutely have your intern/mentee/student vouch for you.

If you're in a management role, your best bet may be a direct report who can speak to your abilities as a manager!

Once you have your basic list down, try to think about who you know that is doing well for themselves, and whose job might lend a little credibility to your reference list. Especially consider people who are working in the same field as your prospective employer.

Definitely prioritize people who work in the same industry and major bonus points if they work for a potential client or partner — that's always a huge plus!

To recap on great reference options, you want to prioritize like this:

• People who have amazing things to say about you
• People who have worked with you professionally
• People whose position may add some extra credibility to your list

The first is a must, the second two are nice if you can get em.

How To Ask Someone To Be A Reference For You

Please, please, PLEASE don't be the person who just writes down a few people's names and  never tells them.

Even if “you know they'd be fine with it,” they will be totally unprepared to get that call and a flustered reference is a bad reference.

You're giving them no time to prepare, to get their story straight, to think about how to pitch you. You know who that ends up hurting?

On top of giving you a better shot of landing the role, asking people ahead of time is just the polite thing to do.

It also gives you a chance to verify their contact info, current job title, etc. so you can make sure your potential employer gets in touch with them the first time.

The good news is, it's super easy to make the ask. All you have to do is write a quick email asking that person to be a reference for you. Here’s an example of the exact email template that I used to reach out to people:

Resume References Permission Email Template Hi [Reference Name] , Hope you're having an awesome week! I'm reaching out because I'm in the final stages of the interview process for a  [Job Title]  role and I wanted to be prepared with some references. I really enjoyed the work we did on the [Project Name] and I would be super grateful if you would be up to speak with the hiring manager about the work we did there. If you're up for it, let me know! If not, that's totally fine. Either way, have an awesome rest of the week! Best, [Your Name]

Now hit Send!

Even if someone isn't up to be your reference, they'll probably still be flattered that you asked and it's a great way to reconnect.

Once you fire off a few of these and get responses, you’ll have a reference list ready to go!

How To Format Your Resume References

We already touched on formatting a little bit before, but I’ll just rehash the basics.

Rule #1: Match Your Resume & Reference Sheet Styles

Before you begin adding your references, you want to make sure your reference sheet matches the same style and format of your resume .

This means using the same colors, the same font, and the same general layout. If you scroll back near the top of this post, you can see an example of how I did this with an example resume and reference sheet.

Rule #2: Add Your Contact Info At The Very Top

Just like you did on your resume, you want to include your contact info at the very top. This includes:

• Your Full Name
• Links to any personal websites or portfolios

We want to make it as easy as possible for the recruiter or hiring manager to know which candidate is in front of them and how to get in touch.

Rule #3: Formatting Your Resume References

Alright, down to business! When it comes to each reference, there's a specific format you should follow.

First, you should list out the info for each reference in this order:

• Full name of your reference
• Current company/organization
• Your relationship + relevant context

I personally like to spice things up with the font . I'll use a heavy font weight for the name and maybe even bump the size up a notch.

Then I'll go with the standard weight for everything in the middle, and close out with an unbolded, light weight version of the font to describe the relationship and the context. Again, you can see this in action in the example I shared earlier in the post.

I would also make sure to find a way to differentiate between references. It may sound obvious, but using numbers before names, or adding an extra line break in between references will make it clear where one reference ends and the other begins.

Finally, make sure you proofread your resume references list before you send it to anyone. Using free tools like Grammarly will ensure you never accidentally send your list off with a spelling mistake or a grammatical error you'll be kicking yourself over.

Examples Of Resume References

Awesome! At this point, you should have a few amazing people in mind to list on your reference sheet.

You know the general rules of formatting, but we want to be absolutely sure that you get this right. Remember, that offer is so close you can taste it! Let's not screw things up now.

To help you get an idea of what to do (and what not to do), I'm going to share a few examples of  bad  resume references and  good  resume references:

Example #1:

Bad resume references (don’t use this).

What's wrong with this picture? A lot!

First, how is anyone supposed to know who this reference sheet belongs to? Was it Jenny that interviewed on Wednesday? Tom who came in yesterday? Who knows?

Without any contact information or details about you, your hiring manager is shooting in the dark. That's not great.

On top of that, there's a lot missing from the references themselves.

First, the formatting is entirely the same. It's just a block of text with no real way to easily identify roles, relationships, contact info, etc.

Speaking of info, where's the detail? There are no phone numbers (the primary way people will contact your references). There are no job titles and there is zero context about the relationship beyond “former manager.” Also bad.

Here’s another example of some terrible resume references:

Example #2:

Bad resume references (don’t use this either).

This one looks better, but we've still got some issues.

First, the prioritization is all wacky. This person is leading off with a friend while their current colleague is buried down at the bottom. That's not a great look.

What if they only decide to contact the top three references? They'd get a friend, a teacher, and someone who managed this person when they were an intern. That's not gonna work.

Next, there's little to no context here. What company is Luke Walker a colleague at? Is it a current company? A former company?

What projects did you work on with these people or how did they impact you?

There's nothing to clarify why this person listed them, which leaves the whole conversation up to the person making the call. That can lead to a seriously awkward conversation or, at best, one where they really need to dig to get the info they want.

Your goal is to make it easy for the person calling!

Example #3:

A great example of how you should list your references (definitely do this).

Boom! Look how awesome that is.

We've got our full name and all of our contact info right at the top. The reader immediately knows who we are, they can look us up if they need to, and our email/phone is available for any questions or feedback.

Our references are all broken out in a clear and clean fashion. Each person's title, company, and contact info are readily available and we've taken the opportunity to “drive” the conversation here with a few lines of context at the bottom. Note that we defined the relationship at the beginning of that context.

If you're not differentiating yourself at every step of the job search process, you're getting lost in a sea of applicants. Plus, all this extra detail will help you (and your references) build a rapport with your employer.

The example above shows the exact level of detail you need to add to your resume references list. If you use that as a guide and format your own reference sheet in a similar fashion, you'll be ready to go!

All you need to do now is find your people, shoot them a note asking if they'll vouch for you, and get your references sheet set up. You'll want to have it ready to go at that next interview!

Salary Negotiation: Preparing For The Final Offer

What's the last step in the interview process? The final offer letter. If you've made it this far, congratulations! You'll want to be prepared ahead of time by checking out my article on how to negotiate your salary during an interview.

I'll show you 3 simple negotiation tips that you can use to double your offer! While finding the courage to speak up about your salary and negotiating what you’re worth can be tough, it’s an absolute must. If you’re not negotiating your salary properly, you’re leaving tons of money on the table. Don't miss out on the opportunity to get paid what you're really worth!

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Austin Belcak

Austin is the founder of Cultivated Culture where he helps people land jobs without connections, without traditional experience, and without applying online. His strategies have been featured in Forbes, Business Insider, & Fast Company and has helped people just like you land jobs at Google, Facebook, Amazon, Apple, Microsoft, Twitter, & more.

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How To List References On A Resume (With Examples)

• How To Write A Resume
• Resume Skills Section
• Resume Objective Section
• Career Objective Section
• Resume Reference Section
• Resume Summary Section
• Resume Summary Example
• Resume Interests Section
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Listing references on a resume can be controversial. Having references is vital to back up your resume’s claims, but they take up valuable space on your resume, and many hiring managers don’t want you to include them with your initial application.

If you’re preparing to apply for a job and are wondering what to do about your references, you’re in the right place: We’ll walk you through how to make a reference list, how to choose your references, and how to ask someone to be a reference. We’ll even give you an example reference list.

Key Takeaways:

Do not put references or the phrase “references available upon request” on your resume.

Organize references on a separate document. Do not provide references unless requested.

Choose references who can speak professionally about your skills and experience relevant to the prospective job.

Give your references at least a week’s notice from when the hiring manager might reach out.

Unless otherwise stated, provide at least three references.

Should you put references on a resume?

How to choose your references, how to request references, how to write a reference request email, reference request email examples, how to format your references list, sample reference list, reference list faq.

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No, you shouldn’t put references on a resume unless the job description tells you to. Your resume should only be one page , two at a maximum, and including references here will take up valuable real estate that could be better utilized.

What’s more, experts agree that you should always abstain from including the phrase “references available upon request” at the bottom of your resume . Hiring managers take this information for granted, making it as pointless as writing “interviews available upon request.”

Instead, make a separate document that serves solely as your reference list. So should you send that along with your resume? Probably not. Hiring managers don’t have the time to fully vet every applicant, so it’s just pointless clutter for them.

If and when they decide you’re a top contender for the position, they’ll reach out and request your references.

To choose your references for your reference list, think about people who will be able to tout your talents that relate directly to the job for which you’re applying.

When contemplating whether or not to use someone from your current job, make sure that they know you’re looking for a new job. If you’re sending out applications on the sly, don’t put your current boss down as a reference.

It’s good to get a variety of references that can speak to different aspects of your exemplary personal and professional qualities. Start brainstorming people who fit into any of the categories below:

Current/former boss

Current/former supervisor

Current/former coworker

Current/former employees

Current/former business partner

Current/former teacher/ professor

Current/former mentor /advisor

Just because references aren’t typically needed at the start of the application process doesn’t mean you should forget about it until a prospective employer starts asking for your references. Be proactive and select your top references before you start applying for jobs.

To request references, contact your references ahead of time, send them any helpful background information, and follow up with a thank you .

Contact the people on your list to make sure they know you’re planning on using them as a reference. This is also your way of checking that the contact information you have is correct and up-to-date.

Send them the background information. Depending on how distant your working relationship with the potential reference is, consider sending them a copy of your resume , so they can brush up on what experiences and qualities you’re trying to highlight.

Say thank you. Always follow up with references who agree to be on your list by sending a thank-you email. It’s not just about being nice; it also serves as a reminder that they should expect a call or email from your prospective employer soon.

To write a reference request email, write it at least a week in advance, use a professional email format, and give plenty of context for what you’re asking them to do and why.

Give advanced notice. You can’t expect busy professionals to be ready to speak on your behalf at a moment’s notice. Ask someone to be your reference at least a week before they could potentially be contacted by the hiring manager.

Use a professional email format. Make sure your subject line is direct (e.g., “John Doe – Reference Request”), your contact details are clear, and you’ve formatted your email using the standard business letter layout .

Introduce the situation. After a brief “how have you been” type catch-up, get straight to the point of your email. Let them know the position(s) you’re applying for and ask permission to list them as a reference.

Tell them why you chose them. You can play to people’s vanity a bit with compliments or simply let them know they’re a great person to speak to your specific skills in XYZ — whatever the reason, share it so they understand your reasoning.

Give them information. You can wait until they’ve agreed to get to this part or include it in your initial email. You can give them your resume, cover letter , the job description, and anything else you feel will make their job easier.

Thank them. Finally, thank your reference for taking the time to consider your request.

Here’s an example reference request email that you can use to help you write your own:

Subject: Reference Request for Ally Knope Dear Dana, I hope you and your family are doing well and that you’ve enjoyed your summer! I’m applying for a marketing director position at a school here in Kansas City, and I was wondering if I could include you on my list of references. Since we worked together on so many marketing projects at Central High School, I thought you’d be able to give hiring managers a good perspective on my skills in that area. If you are willing to refer me, I’ve attached my current resume and the job description that I’m applying for so you can use them as a reference. The hiring manager will probably be reaching out in the next two weeks. I completely understand if you aren’t able to do this at this time, so please let me know if that’s the case, or if you have any questions or concerns. Thank you so much for considering doing this for me. I hope we can catch up soon! Thanks again, Ally Knope 333-444-5555 [email protected]

Subject: Connor Wyatt – Reference Request Dear Dr. Hall, I hope this email finds you well. I’m applying for a research and development position at Devon Energy in Oklahoma City, and I was asked to provide a list of references who could speak to my technical skills and my character. Would you be willing to refer me for this role? I have the utmost respect for you and appreciation of your mentorship at OSU, and I believe your perspective of working with me both as a student and a research assistant would be invaluable to my being considered for this role. I need to submit my list of references by Tuesday, September 15, so if you could let me know as soon as possible, I would appreciate it. Please let me know what questions you have as well. Thank you so much, Connor Wyatt 777-888-9999 [email protected]

To format your references list, put your contact information and the title of the document at the top, then list each reference’s information.

Your resume references should be its own distinct document, not a part of your resume. However, the format you choose for your references list depends on what your resume and cover letter look like. That means sticking to the same heading, color scheme, font, and margins.

Other than that, simply follow these guidelines to format your list of references:

Contact information. Start with your contact information (name, location, phone number, email address), using the same format as your resume/cover letter (e.g., if your contact info is centered on your resume, then center it here as well)

Title. Add a clear title in a slightly larger font than your contact info. Something like “Professional References” is a safe bet. Just let the reader know what this document is.

Order. Start writing references with the following information in the following order:

Professional Title

Company/Institution where you reference works

Full address of the company/institution

Phone Number

Email Address

A very brief description of your relationship with the reference, including when/how long you worked with them.

Here’s an example of a professional reference list for you to use as a starting point:

Phillip Dunne 987 Elm Street Lewiston, ME 04240 (222) 543-2109 [email protected] Professional references Randy Halton Director of Sales , Northeast Region XYZ Company 444 Main Street Augusta, ME 04330 (999) 000-1234 [email protected] Randy has been my direct supervisor for 2+ years during my time as a regional sales manager . Phil Collins Sales Manager Ez Solutions Inc. 123 Apple Court Lane Bangor, ME 04401 (777) 987-54321 [email protected] Phil was my boss for 3+ years while I was a sales representative . Amelia Bedelia Intern Supervisor GoGreen Co. 550 Tremont Street Lowell, MA 01850 (333) 321-9876 [email protected] Amelia was my supervisor for 6 months while I interned at GoGreen Co. Jane Doe Professor of Business Management Bates College 2 Andrews Road Lewiston, ME 04240 (333) 999-4321 [email protected] Jane was my professor and advisor through my experience earning my MBA.

How many references should I include?

If a company doesn’t specify how many references you should send, aim for at least three. This is a good amount to give you a balance of perspective that the hiring manager can pull from. It is probably best to send no more than five, unless requested. For higher-level positions, consider bumping that up to between five and seven.

How should I order my references?

When ordering your references, start your list with your highest quality reference(s). It’s doubtful that the company will call every reference you put down, but they’ll probably start at the top.

If all of your references are of equal quality, then list them in chronological order — the people you’ve worked with more recently ought to remember you best.

This order, and even the people you include as references, may vary depending on the role for which you’re applying. Just as you would tailor your resume to a specific job, do the same with your reference list.

For example, if you’re going for a management position, start with people whom you’ve managed, but if you’re going for an IT job, start with people who can speak to your technical expertise.

Think: How can these people attest to my skillset in a way that’s relevant to the job for which I’m applying?

Who shouldn’t I include on my reference list?

Do not include family or coworkers that you have had poor relationships with in the past as references. Including family is a big no-no for your reference list. Not only does it make it apparent that you don’t have a very deep bench of fans, but it’s obvious to anyone that a family member singing your praises is a little more dubious than a former colleague or boss.

On the other hand, if you did have a bonafide working relationship with a family member, and (ideally) they have a different last name than you, go for it.

How do I include references I currently work with?

Including references you currently work with depends on the situation. If you’re keeping your job search a secret from your employer, it’s probably best not to include anyone that you work with, even coworkers whom you like. You never know how gossip will get around.

When shouldn’t I submit a list of references?

If the job posting doesn’t request a list of references, don’t include one with your application. Sending in unsolicited references might make you look like a dinosaur, as the practice has become outdated.

Can I use personal references?

Generally speaking, no, you should not use personal or character references when applying for jobs. They’re just not as valuable as references that come from someone you’ve worked with professionally. Plus, it makes you look like you don’t have many professional relationships or people in your corner.

How do you list a reference who no longer works there?

To list a reference who no longer works at the company you worked for, simply list their current contact information and then add a note explaining that you used to work together at X company.

This is a common occurrence, so just include a brief explanation on your reference sheet, and the hiring manager will understand.

The same goes for a company name change — write the name as it’s listed on your resume (usually the old name) and then add a note that says something like, “(Now known as ABC Company)” on your reference sheet.

University of California, Davis – Creating a Reference List for a Potential Job

Purdue Online Writing Lab – Reference Sheets

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Matthew Zane is the lead editor of Zippia's How To Get A Job Guides. He is a teacher, writer, and world-traveler that wants to help people at every stage of the career life cycle. He completed his masters in American Literature from Trinity College Dublin and BA in English from the University of Connecticut.

Don Pippin is an executive and HR leader for Fortune 50 and 500 companies and startups. In 2008, Don launched area|Talent with a focus on helping clients identify their brand. As a Certified Professional Resume Writer, Certified Digital Career Strategist, and Certified Personal Branding Strategist, Don guides clients through career transitions.

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How to List References on a Resume (Templates Included)

Mike Simpson 0 Comments

By Mike Simpson

Let’s face facts; writing a resume isn’t always easy. You have to choose the best resume format , discuss the right skills , cover critical achievements, and so much more, all in just a couple of pages. Then, if you need to fit references on a resume, too, it can quickly become overwhelming.

Does that mean you need to panic? Of course not. We’ve got you.

Here’s a look at the right way to list references on a resume, as well as a look at what professional references are, mistakes you want to avoid, and a handy references “template” to get you started on the correct path.

What Are Professional References?

Alright, before we dig into how to list references on a resume, let’s talk about what professional references are in the first place. In the simplest sense, professional references are people who know you through the lens of your career. They’re professionals you have working relationships with, either currently or previously, so they can talk about what you’re like on the job.

Hiring managers value professional references. Why? Because they help them get a better idea of what working with you is like. It really is that simple.

However, it can also go further. Contacting professional references lets the hiring manager confirm some of the details on your resume. That’s right; it’s an honesty check, too.

So, why would you include references on a resume? Isn’t that a less common thing to do today?

It is true that adding references to your resume isn’t the norm, but that doesn’t mean you’ll never need to do it. While 80 percent of employers will call your references during that hiring process, 16 percent of those actually reach out to a candidate’s references before they invite them in for interviews.

What does that mean for you? Well, mainly, that knowing how to list references on a resume is a good idea. That way, if you find an excellent opportunity with a company that wants your professional references from the get-go, you’ll be ready.

Common Mistakes When Listing References on a Resume and How to Avoid Them

As with all parts of a resume, avoiding missteps is crucial. Even small errors can derail your chances of getting called in for an interview or landing the job, so you really do need to dedicate time and energy to making sure everything is right.

So, what’s one of the biggest mistakes you can make when putting references on a resume? Well, putting a fake one on the list is a doozy.

A fake professional reference? What on earth is that? Well, usually, it’s when a person lists a contact who they have no professional relationship with and then asks that person to lie to make them look good. At times, it means listing a contact that doesn’t actually exist, including a made-up name, company, phone number, email address, and more. Yes, for some reason, candidates sometimes try that.

Dishonesty is always a big no-no. Why? Because if you get caught – and the odds are pretty good that you will – it will probably cost you. Overall, about 65 percent of candidates who get busted in a lie either don’t get the job or get fired if they were selected and start in the role. Who wants to take that kind of risk?

Plus, if word gets out that you lied, that can haunt you. Remember, people talk, so there is always a chance that the hiring manager will let others know about your less-than-scrupulous behavior.

Is that the only misstep? No, it isn’t. Selecting the wrong references is another one.

When you pick people to ask to reference, you need to choose wisely. First, you want people where there is a professional connection. Past managers, colleagues, mentors, customers, and similar professionals are your best bets.

Generally, don’t list friends unless the company explicitly requests that kind of personal reference. Hiring managers won’t necessarily find much value in these references.

The same goes for family members unless you have a working relationship. For example, if you had a job in the family business, then including a family member may be okay. Otherwise, skip them.

Second, you want to choose people who have good things to say about you in a professional context. Listing a past manager or colleague who you didn’t get along with is a horrible idea. They might not have the kindest words to share, and that can keep you from getting the job.

Ideally, they can discuss an accomplishment that really highlights what you have to offer, as well as talk about workplace attitude in a glowing way. You want someone who can champion your awesomeness, ensuring the hiring manager gets the right idea about what you bring to the table.

Finally, whatever you do, don’t have any references listed on a resume that’s publicly accessible. If you do, you’re essentially broadcasting other people’s contact details, opening them up to unwanted calls, including scams. While it may not directly hurt your job search, it is a major faux pas, one that could harm your reputation with your references and make them less inclined to say nice things about you going forward.

How to List References on a Resume

Alright, now it’s time for what you’ve been waiting for: a close look at how to put references on a resume. If you want to make sure you get it right, here is a step-by-step approach that covers it all.

1. Ask Permission

Why is “ask permission” step one? Because you should never blindside someone by listing them without their knowledge, that’s why.

Being someone’s professional reference is a favor, as well as a big responsibility. Some people aren’t going to be comfortable with being put on the spot, particularly if they don’t know a hiring manager might come calling.

So, before you include anyone as a reference on your resume, pick up the phone, give them a call, and make sure they are cool with it. Then, accept their answer.

Typically, you’ll want to get permission from three contacts. Why three? Because that’s the most commonly requested number of professional references. By getting them all handled now, you’ll usually be able to provide everything the hiring manager needs in this department in one fell swoop.

2. Get Updated Contact Information

Once you have a person’s permission, ask them to provide updated contact information. Usually, you’ll need their current job title, employer’s name, employer’s address, a daytime phone number, and an email address.

3. Start a New Page

When you’re adding a reference list to your resume, you want to start it on a new page. Additionally, it shouldn’t be any longer than a single page, as anything more is a bit excessive at such an early step in the hiring process.

It’s also important to note that your reference list will typically be the last page of the resume document. However, make sure you check the instructions for applying as some hiring managers will want them submitted as a separate document, not unlike how you usually need to go with cover letters .

4. Add Your Contact Information

Since your professional references are on a separate page, you want to add your contact details at the top. That way, if the page gets separated from the rest, the hiring manager will know whose references they are.

4. Keep It Simple

A professional reference list isn’t embellished. All you need to do is to write a header explaining that these are your professional references and then include the contact details for each person in succession, with a clear division between each person’s info.

Along with adding a space between each one, consider bolding the contacts’ names. That helps each listing stand out, and it looks much better than numbering your reference list.

5. Choose the Right Order

When you need to decide which reference to list first, go with the person who is most likely to give you an exceptional recommendation. Hiring managers may not reach out to everyone. So, by leading with the best, you’re increasing the odds that that reference will get a call.

6. Add a Short Statement Outlining Your Relationship

Along with the person’s contact details, it isn’t a bad idea to add a quick note about your relationship with each reference. That lets the hiring manager know a little about why they should care about what this person has to say, so it doesn’t hurt to do it.

What should you write? Well, mention the kind of working relationship you had, where you were working at the time, and how long you knew them. For example, “My direct manager at ABC Company from 2018 to 2022” is enough to provide the hiring manager with some context.

References on a Resume Sample

Alright, if you really want to know how to list references on a resume, a resume references example is a good place to start. It’ll give you insights into the format, making it easier for you to follow along.

To give you even more information, we’re going to cover two. First, there’s a references on a resume sample that shows you exactly what each entry needs to look like. Second, there’s a handy template that you can use when you’re creating a resume.

Resume References Example

Here is what a single professional reference entry usually looks like on a resume:

123 Main Street

Anytown, State, 12345

555-555-5555

[email protected]

My direct manager at XYZ, Inc. from 2018 to 2022

Resume References Template

Here’s a quick template for creating your reference page for a resume:

Your Address as Listed on Page One of Your Resume

Your Phone Number

Your Email Address

Section Heading, Usually “Professional References”

First Reference Name

City, State, Zip Code

Phone Number

Email Address

Relationship Description

Second Reference Name

Third Reference Name

Putting It All Together

At this point, you should have a solid idea of how to list references on a resume. Use all of the tips, the sample, and the template to your advantage. That way, if you ever need to include professional references as part of your resume, you’ll be good to go.

Co-Founder and CEO of TheInterviewGuys.com. Mike is a job interview and career expert and the head writer at TheInterviewGuys.com.

His advice and insights have been shared and featured by publications such as Forbes , Entrepreneur , CNBC and more as well as educational institutions such as the University of Michigan , Penn State , Northeastern and others.

Learn more about The Interview Guys on our About Us page .

About The Author

Mike simpson.

Co-Founder and CEO of TheInterviewGuys.com. Mike is a job interview and career expert and the head writer at TheInterviewGuys.com. His advice and insights have been shared and featured by publications such as Forbes , Entrepreneur , CNBC and more as well as educational institutions such as the University of Michigan , Penn State , Northeastern and others. Learn more about The Interview Guys on our About Us page .

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Many people don’t know whether they should include references on a resume. The problem is that while it used to be standard practice, it’s now something that’s done more by request or on an as-needed basis. Between privacy issues and more accessible information, employers aren’t as readily seeking a list of people who can vouch for you professionally, personally, or otherwise.

Read on to learn all about when, why, and how to list references on your resume, including plenty of examples and tips to assist you in the process.

Do you put references on a resume?

Should you put references on a resume? There has always been a little bit of debate as to whether you should put references on a resume from the start or offer them at a later time. There are also several factors involved in this decision, but the consensus is the same across the board: we don’t really do that anymore.

There are several reasons that references on resume documents have fallen out of fashion. For starters, resumes are no longer as private as they once were. Before the Internet, most resumes were sent to one office, privately, and not exposed to the general public. Therefore, people could include sensitive personal information like resume names, phone numbers, and other contact details.

Today, however, adding that information to a resume is often like sending people’s information out into the ether for anyone to get their hands on—hackers, spammers, and identity thieves are just waiting for unsuspecting people to put information out there in the Internet space. There are several other reasons that the trend of resumes with references is disappearing, but privacy is a big factor.

Of course, there are exceptions to every rule. There are some instances where references on a resume can be helpful. There are also ways to list references so that you’re not compromising privacy, but still showing companies that you have people who can vouch for both your character and your professional capabilities. If you’re asking yourself, “Should I put references on my resume?” , read on.

Pros of including professional references on a resume

Some benefits come from having references readily available on your resume. For starters, it saves you from having to provide them at a later time. Sending a reference page for a resume will show that you’re planning by providing as much information as possible. It can also help lend to your credibility because employers can see that you’re ready with people to sing your praises.

Cons of including work references on a resume 

Of course, you also have to consider the potential drawbacks of adding references to your work resume. For starters, it takes up more space and might draw the reader’s attention away from the other parts of the resume, which are far more important. In a lot of cases, as discussed, adding resumes also creates “spillover” onto a second page. That should also be avoided at all costs.

There is also the privacy concern that comes from listing references on a resume. It might be better to create a separate references page for resume submissions and have it available to send on an as-requested basis.

When to list references on a resume

The obvious exception to the “no references” rule is if an employer specifically requests that you provide references on your resume—do it. Make sure that you provide the right type of references, too. If they don’t specify, it’s advised to start with professional references. Then, if they want personal references, they can reach out for further information.

You should also clarify whether they want the references on the resume, or if they are seeking a different document. It’s usually best to provide a separate document with just the references so that they can follow up. After all, your resume already has so much information, and hiring managers will always tell you that in their world, less is more.

How to list references on a resume: Full 6-step guide for 2024

To learn how to write references on a resume, we have prepared a step-by-step guide to assist you.

Step 1: Decide how many references you need 

How many references should you have on a resume? This is the age-old question. Most people like the number three, but some jobs may require more (or fewer). Three is a good number to stick with if you’re not sure. You’ll also need to decide whether they are personal or professional references or both.

Protips for this step

If all else fails, ask the employer what they want. Ask how many of which type of references they need, as well as what contact information is required (that will come in handy in a later step).

Step 2: Determine how to add the references 

When you are adding references to a resume, there are typically two different ways that you can do it. You can add a separate section for the references at the end of the resume. Some people opt to create a separate document just for the references. This helps ensure that there is no spillover on the original resume. It also provides a more secure way to transmit information.

If you aren’t sure how you want to do it, consider if there is space for a dedicated reference section on your resume in its current form—will you have to make major changes or reduce the content to make them fit? You can also ask what the employer prefers. Some may want a separate document while others might want them on the same page. Still more might tell you to email them over separately for privacy.

Step 3: Get permission from everyone 

There are countless hiring horror stories of people using references without asking. Not only is this in bad form, but it’s also just a bad idea. If you use someone as a reference, they should be expecting a call from the employer. Otherwise, they won’t know to answer the phone or check their email. Not only that, but people might not be comfortable being used as a reference for one reason or another.

It isn’t hard. Just send a quick email or text, or make a quick call and say:

“I’m applying for a position that wants [personal/professional] references; is it okay if I use you as one? And which information should I provide for contact?”

Usually, people will be happy to provide a reference, but in case they aren’t, it’s always safest to ask first.

Be courteous, always. Never assume that someone is okay with you giving out their information. You also can’t assume that a one-time reference will be someone that you can use on every resume. If nothing else, asking each time lets people know that someone may be reaching out so they can expect the contact.

Step 4: Collect contact information 

Once you have permission, you can start collecting any contact information that you don’t already have. Some people have phone numbers and emails handy for their references already, while others have to seek out the information. In either case, make sure that you get the information and ensure that it is accurate. If you don’t know what information you need, it’s best to gather more just to be safe. And remember, the information that you need may vary based on the type of reference being used.

Protips for this step:

Ask the employer how much information they want, which type of contact information they prefer, etc. If you’re being asked to submit references, you want to make sure that you get them right. Perhaps an employer only wants to email people and you only send phone numbers—that isn’t going to work out and it could delay the process.

Step 5: Compile references and their contact details 

Now it’s time to compile the references that you have collected and add their information to the resume, or the resume references list. Make sure that you double-check the information at this stage and use care when typing or pasting it into the document. The last thing you need is a wayward typo derailing a reference contact.

Use the examples below and available references templates to compile and format your references properly. (More on formatting in the next section)

Step 6: Submit your resume 

You’re all done! You have the references listed on your resume or a separate page, and you have verified the contact details. You fixed the formatting and are ready to submit—now just click send, and let the employer do their work. It can take some time for employers to get to references, even when they’re requested, so don’t get too anxious if you don’t get any immediate feedback.

Make sure that you are following the employer’s request to the letter. If you’re providing references without a direct request, use standard formatting guidelines for best results.

How to format resume references

Now we’re getting to the important part. Learning where to put references on a resume and how to do it can make or break your chances of success. If you aren’t sure how many references for a resume are required, you can always ask. As an alternative, you can provide 3-4 references, which is a standard number for most employers.

Create a dedicated page or section on your resume 

As mentioned, you must have a dedicated space for references that is clearly marked and easy to find. In some cases, it’s better to attach a separate reference sheet for this reason. A separate sheet could also increase the privacy factor and ensure that only people who request references get them.

You shouldn’t mix references in with your job history or try to link them together in any way—the employer can make the connections if necessary and trying to do so will only turn your resume into a mess, and fast. Keep them separate and easily identifiable.

Keep the formatting consistent 

You also need to keep formatting consistent between your resume, cover letter, and reference page. This includes the font size, color, and other details, as well as the spacing and other formatting elements. Some people want to use different templates or designs for each element but that can make it difficult for employers to keep track of your documents. Consistency ensures that they know your documents from the rest and will not get things mixed up.

Use a standard list format 

Sometimes, people want to get fancy with formatting on resumes, as if that might impress employers. Unfortunately, usually, that only makes things difficult to read and follow. For example, you may see reference lists where people attempt to list them all on a single line using dots or em dashes (—), but that can get confusing and if the formatting gets lost in translation it can be a nightmare.

Professional reference format

• Relationship

Personal reference format

• Relationship/years known

Educational reference format

• Position/Role (teacher, professor, advisor, etc.)

Resume references examples

To help you make the most of your resume reference page or list, here are a few examples.

Example 1: Educational references 

In this references on resume example, you can see the information is clear, direct, and thorough. These are educational references and the candidate has provided their name, school, email, and phone number. Some people will take the extra step and also add the position of the reference or their relationship with the candidate, but it’s not always necessary.

Example #2: Professional references 

Here is a great example of a professional reference list for a resume. It is shown as a separate page, but she includes her personal information in the matching header for consistency. It includes the name, position, company information, and contact details for each reference. As a bonus, she offers a brief explanation of how each reference relates to her professional experience.

Example #3: Personal references

It’s less common for companies to request personal references on a resume or for a job, but if they do, they need to be listed differently. This is another educational list, but it’s former teachers, so it will usually qualify as a personal reference to most employers. If you do list family or friends, you can simply list them as follows:

John Smith – Father-in-Law 

Years Known: 12

Phone: 555-123-4567

Email: [email protected]

This allows you to cover the important bases: who they are, how long they’ve known you, and how the employer can get in touch to get the reference.

Example #4: Mixed references

This is a great example of offering a little bit of everything. There is an educational reference, a professional reference, and a personal reference. And, the writer has included all of the necessary contact information and relationship details to help employers understand who they are contacting.

Professional references template

Here is a great resume references template that you can use to create your own resume list for employers. Remember, if you’re using personal or academic references, you can make the necessary adjustments.

Who to ask to be a reference for your resume

There are several people that you can ask to be a reference for your resume, depending on the type of reference that you need:

• Former employers
• Managers and supervisors
• Coworkers and professional peers
• Family and friends (personal references)
• Group leaders (pastors, youth leaders, scout leaders, etc.)
• Teachers, professors, and other educators

How to request references for a resume: 5 tips that work

There are a lot of ways that you can go about asking for references, and for the most part, people are usually more than willing. However, if you want to be sure that you seal the deal, here are five quick-fire tips before we close:

• Choose the people you use as references carefully because they will often impact the employer’s decision.
• Notify references in advance; in addition to asking their permission, let them know what the reference is for and when to expect contact.
• Be polite and explain why you want to use someone as a reference—flattery will get you far.
• Provide details to both references and employers so that everyone knows what to expect.
• Finally, and most importantly, never, ever lie about references . Not only is it in bad form, but we live in the digital age where employers will find out fast that your former supervisor “Cathleen” is actually your sister-in-law.

Key takeaways on references on resumes

There is certainly a case for listing references on a resume, but it may not always be necessary. As you have learned, sometimes it is job-specific, while in other cases, it might be a decision based on a level of skill or the career role. Ultimately, it is best to consider the job at hand and wait until you’re asked to provide references. And when you do, make sure that you format them properly, provide the necessary contact details, and submit them in a professional, easy-to-read format. With these tips, your reference submissions should be a game-changer moving forward.

Is it ok to not put references on a resume?

Yes. The general rule of thumb is that you don’t need references on a resume these days. That’s because the references aren’t required until later in the interview and screening process. Most employers won’t even ask for references unless they are considering hiring a candidate. There are exceptions to this, of course.

Is it bad to put “references available upon request” on a resume?

Most experts also suggest that you don’t waste time or space putting “references available upon request” on your resume. It’s assumed by most employers that if they ask for references at any point, you will provide them. Therefore, it’s unnecessary to state the obvious.

The exception, of course, is if a job listing asks for references in the post specifically or if you know that it will be a part of the job interview process. But again, most employers anticipate that candidates can and will provide references as asked.

What are personal vs. professional references?

Personal references refer to family and friends, as well as friends of family, etc. These are people who have known you throughout your life and can vouch for your character. They may also include teachers, pastors, and other mentors or leaders.

Professional references are those who have seen your capabilities and can speak for you on a professional level. These can be coworkers, former bosses and supervisors, or other professional connections that you have made over the years.

Should I include references if my resume is too short?

No. For starters, there is no such thing as a resume that is “too short”—the length designates your experience in the job market. Entry-level candidates are expected to have limited experience. And if someone has had the same position for 10 years, they probably will have a shorter resume because there are fewer jobs. Do not add references just to bulk up the content.

Should you use a friend as a personal reference?

Friends are a great example of a personal reference. Family is usually preferred because they tend to have the most experience with your character. However, if a company requests personal references, you can absolutely use friends, as well as:

• Family members
• Club leaders

If a company asks for professional references, you should not use friends or family.

Can I put three references on my resume?

Usually, three references are standard. Some employers may ask for more, or they may only want one or two. If your resume has room to include three references without spilling over onto a second page, go ahead. That is, of course, if they were requested by the employer or part of the job posting. Otherwise, again, you can probably just skip them entirely.

Can I have two references on my resume?

Two references are good, but as mentioned above, most will ask for three. No one quite knows where the magic number three came from, but it has been common for almost as long as references have been used. Again, find out what the employer wants and make sure adding references isn’t going to create a spillover page, and you’ll be fine.

How do you list federal references on a resume?

The federal resume format generally requires that you list the federal office or organization, the supervisor’s name and contact information, and their title and relationship to you in the position. Federal resumes usually require a minimum of five references or positions in job history or a combination of the two.

How do you list babysitting references on a resume?

Babysitting references are a little easier than most. Usually, can simply list the name of the parent for which you babysat along with their phone number and/or email address. Be sure to ask permission or let parents know that you are submitting a resume or providing their information as a professional reference.

You should also ask which contact information is okay to share, how they prefer to be contacted, and whether they are comfortable with the submission method (resume, email, etc.).

Client provided

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• How to Write a Letter of Recommendation [+ Free Template]

Updated: June 20, 2024

Published: June 13, 2024

I’ve been helping people create letters of recommendation for jobs they want, internships, promotions, and more, for over ten years. I’ve learned during this time that if you’re not selling yourself effectively, you won’t make a lasting impression.

A recommendation letter differs from a resume or a cover letter because it comes from someone who knows you well, so it should feel more personal.

Read further to discover how to write a letter of recommendation that will help you land the job or opportunity you’ve been dreaming of.

Table of Contents

What is a letter of recommendation?

Do i write my own letter of recommendation, free letter of recommendation template, letter of recommendation samples to inspire you.

• Tips for Creating Effective Letters of Recommendations
• How to Ask For a Letter of Recommendation

A letter of recommendation is a one to two-page description of your merits from someone who has a particular insight into your character, work ethic, projects you’ve completed, and more.

Typically, a letter of recommendation is written by someone who is an authority figure to you, such as a past employer or manager. This person should be able to recommend your professional work or academic experience.

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You might be thinking, “Wait, don’t I have my (boss, colleague, or friend) write a letter of recommendation for me? Why must I read this blog to create a letter of recommendation?”

You can, of course, ask them to write a letter of recommendation for you from scratch. But don’t be surprised if it takes them a really long time to write it. Even then, it may not meet your expectations.

There’s nothing wrong with giving the person you're asking an outline, a list of your past achievements, or even a draft of a letter of recommendation.

In fact, it’s expected that you will give the writer an idea of what you want them to include in the letter of recommendation while still allowing them the creative freedom to add their spin.

They can adjust whatever the letter is to fit what they feel comfortable signing their name to, and you will save them a significant amount of time — meaning you get a better letter of recommendation faster.

How to Write a Letter of Recommendation

Whether you’re writing a letter of recommendation for a professional or academic opportunity, the basic elements are the same.

Start by including the date and recipient’s information, introducing the writer, describing the applicant and their performance, and signing off with the writer’s contact information.

A long relationship with the candidate or a deep familiarity with their work is an important element of writing a letter of recommendation.

When ideating which details of your professional relationship to include, ask yourself which projects they worked with you on, what strengths you admire in them, specific moments they came through for you, and what you’ll miss about working with them when they leave.

Remember, a letter of recommendation is more than just a list of their professional experience, that’s what a resume is for, as the writer you can give a hiring manager insight into the personality of the candidate and if they’d be a good fit for the role.

Check out this free letter of recommendation template to get started.

Letter of Recommendation Format

Including a date is important for establishing the validity of a letter of recommendation.

Use the specific date that corresponds with the candidate's last day at an organization or even some time after they worked with the writer of the letter of recommendation.

If you’re asking for a letter of recommendation from a coworker or boss while still employed, be sure to tread lightly as most employers won’t be thrilled to recommend you to a job when you’re leaving.

If you do trust that they are ok recommending you, despite leaving the company, go ahead and put that day’s date.

2. Recipient's Information

Write out the name, position, and company of the person the letter of recommendation is going to. Or, if you’re not sure what companies you will be applying your letter of recommendation to, feel free to keep this section generic so you can fill it out later as opportunities arise.

3. Introductions

Introduce the writer of the letter of recommendation. Remember, use the first person (whether you’re the person writing the letter of recommendation, or the receiver creating a draft).

Go ahead and list their areas of expertise, education, current title, and anything else applicable. If the writer is a previous manager you’ll want to list their position, how long they’ve been at the company and their education. You should also say how long they’ve worked with or known you.

4. Performance and Qualifications

Use this section to talk about the commitment of the letter's requester in your organization. You

can also mention their most notable traits, skills, and abilities through adjectives.

This section is the bulk of your letter and the most important part. Remember, your boss/coworker/friend can put their own spin on what you say in the letter, you’re just giving them an idea of what you’d like included.

Ask yourself these questions when writing this section:

• How can I tell the story of my accomplishments?
• What personal details need to be included?
• What motivates me?
• What challenges have I overcome?
• What are my most relevant skills?
• Why do I want to work at this company or apply to this school?
• What makes me a good fit for this role?

Here’s an example of what answering these questions might look like:

“Jane Doe became my employee in 2016 after transferring from the Sales department. She is extremely motivated by sales-centric goals, employee satisfaction, and choosing tactics that deliver a high return on investment.

In my time working with Jane Doe, I’ve watched her tackle challenging projects, such as when our startup was bought out by a bigger brand.

She made sure each member of her team transitioned seamlessly while also still meeting her quarterly goals, an accomplishment that only one other team at the company achieved during this time.

Her background in sales has made her a friendly team player, a wise financial decision-maker, and an influential leader. She would be an excellent fit for any role that needs someone who is going to meet hard-to-reach targets, lead a team to excellence, and maintain organization.

In my time working with Jane Doe, I’ve often used her as my go-to-person because I know she is both reliable and hard-working.”

Don’t forget to write this section in the first person, and don’t be afraid to really sell yourself and your achievements!

If you’re not comfortable with being this specific, here’s an example that leaves space for the writer to put in their own thoughts.

“[NAME] became my employee in [YEAR] after transferring from [DEPARTMENT]. She is extremely motivated [ENTER PERSONAL QUALITIES].

In my time working with [NAME], I’ve watched her tackle challenging projects, such as [PAST PROJECT(S)]. [SENTENCE ABOUT WAS DONE WELL].

Their background in [ENTER BACKGROUND] has made them [FAVORABLE PERSONAL QUALITIES]. They would be an excellent fit for any role that needs [DESCRIPTION OF ROLE THEY’RE APPLYING FOR].

In my time working with [NAME], [DESCRIPTION OF HOW WE’VE WORKED TOGETHER IN PAST].”

5. Contact Information

Finally, you can close this letter wishing the applicant luck in their new professional stage. Most importantly, provide detailed contact information, as interviewers will need to confirm the information provided in this document.

How long should a letter of recommendation be?

Like a cover letter or a resume, a letter of recommendation should be about one page long. I’ve often erred on the side of shorter than longer because you really can say everything you need to in one page.

If you’re having a hard time whittling your letter of recommendation down to one page, consider asking a friend with writing experience to edit it down to the most important details, or even using AI tools to help you.

Writing your letters of recommendation from scratch can be time-consuming and difficult. Download your free recommendation template (pictured below) here as a Google Docs or Microsoft Word file.

Don't forget to share this post!

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Draft a professional recommendation letter in a matter of minutes with the help of this template.

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128+ Resume Summary Examples & How-to Guide for 2024

In This Guide:

What is a resume summary, resume summary samples that you can use right now, resume summary vs objective vs resume profile: which one to choose, how to write a professional resume summary, enhance your resume summary with keywords, when to use a resume summary, generate your resume summary with enhancv’s resume builder, resume summary examples by industry, key takeaways.

A resume summary is a concise, powerful statement positioned at the top of your resume. It’s meant to capture the attention of hiring managers. It’s perfectly suited for professionals who want to emphasize their key qualifications, experiences, and accomplishments, effectively conveying their potential impact on the target role.

A well-crafted resume summary is more than just a brief introduction. It's a powerful tool to make your application stand out . Crafting an effective summary for your resume positions you as the ideal candidate and seamlessly connects your past achievements with your future potential.

In this guide, we're diving into the essentials of crafting a summary for a resume that will keep recruiters reading. You’ll learn:

• The difference between a career summary, an objective statement, and a resume profile.
• How to craft your own professional summary in resume using proven techniques.
• Tailor your resume summary specifically to the job you're targeting.
• Enhance your summary with quantifiable achievements for added impact.
• Draw inspiration from our collection of 100+ powerful summary examples, spanning the most sought-after positions.

A resume summary is a concise career statement that sits prominently beneath the resume header . It’s one of the first elements recruiters see during their initial scan of your resume.

A well-composed profile summary is between three to five short sentences in length and showcases your most relevant skills and experiences.

Here's why your resume needs a summary:

• It allows hiring managers to quickly grasp your top skills and the unique contributions you're prepared to make to their team.
• A good summary allows you to distinguish yourself from the pack and spotlight your personal brand.
• It's the perfect space to write about your career aspirations and demonstrate your eagerness to grow within your targeted role.

Is your resume good enough?

Drop your resume here or choose a file . PDF & DOCX only. Max 2MB file size.

Before we start with the in-depth guide, if you’re in a hurry you can use one of the resume summary samples below. Just replace the placeholders with the information relevant to you.

General resume summary sample

Dynamic and results-oriented [Job Title] with [Number] years of experience in [Industry or Field]. Proven expertise in [Key Skill 1], [Key Skill 2], and [Key Skill 3], demonstrated through successful projects such as [Notable Accomplishment or Project]. Adept at [Relevant Task or Responsibility], with a track record of [Achievement or Outcome]. Committed to [Professional Value or Goal], ready to bring exceptional [Specific Skill or Attribute] to [Company or Team Name].

A personal resume summary that you can use on any resume. Showcases skills, years of experience, and some notable accomplishments. Make sure to keep the length appropriate to your resume.

Resume summary for entry level positions

Enthusiastic and detail-oriented [Recent Graduate or Job Title] with a strong foundation in [Field or Major]. Proficient in [Key Skill 1], [Key Skill 2], and [Key Skill 3], developed through [Relevant Experience or Coursework]. Demonstrated ability to [Relevant Task or Responsibility] through [Internship, Project, or Volunteer Work]. Eager to bring a fresh perspective and a commitment to [Professional Value or Goal] to the [Company or Team Name].

A resume summary template that is suitable for applicants searching for an entry-level job. Recent graduates can also benefit from it.

Resume summary that showcases work experience

Accomplished [Job Title] with [Number] years of experience in [Industry or Field]. Extensive background in [Relevant Area 1], [Relevant Area 2], and [Relevant Area 3], with a proven track record of [Specific Achievement or Responsibility]. Successfully led [Type of Projects or Teams], resulting in [Measurable Outcome or Impact]. Adept at [Relevant Skill or Task], and recognized for [Notable Recognition or Award]. Dedicated to [Professional Value or Goal], aiming to contribute [Specific Skill or Attribute] to [Company or Team Name].

For when you want to focus the hiring manager on your work experience, this resume summary sample is perfect for experienced individuals who’re looking for a career change.

Resume summary focused on relevant qualifications

Highly qualified [Job Title] with expertise in [Key Skill 1], [Key Skill 2], and [Key Skill 3]. Certified in [Relevant Certification], proficient in [Relevant Tools or Software]. Demonstrated ability to [Achievement or Responsibility] through [Specific Accomplishment]. Known for [Notable Strength or Recognition], committed to [Professional Value or Goal] at [Company or Team Name].

Perfect resume summary for when you want to focus the hiring manager on your relevant qualifications.

Resume summary showcasing in-demand skills

Results-driven [Your Profession] with [X] years of experience specializing in [Industry/Sector]. Recognized for exceptional skills in [Key Skill #1], [Key Skill #2], and [Key Skill #3], I consistently deliver [Quantifiable Achievements/Outcomes]. Proven ability to [Brief Description of Key Contributions], I excel in dynamic, high-pressure environments and am dedicated to [Company’s/Industry’s Goal or Value]. Seeking to leverage my expertise in [Specific Area/Skill] to contribute to [Target Company or Role].

This resume summary is ideal for highlighting specific skills that are in high demand within your industry or role.

Resume summary with quantifiable achievements

Highly accomplished and results-driven [Your Job Title] with over [X] years of experience in [Industry or Field]. Proven track record of success in driving [specific goal or objective] through innovative strategies and exceptional leadership. Adept at managing multiple projects simultaneously, with a keen eye for detail and a commitment to excellence. Recognized for exceptional ability to [specific skill or attribute] and a passion for [related field or expertise].

Great for showcasing specific achievements that are quantifiable, this resume summary provides a clear evidence of your impact.

Resume summary showing your potential value

Results-driven and highly motivated [Your Profession/Job Title] with [#] years of experience in [Industry/Specialization]. Demonstrated expertise in [Key Skill 1], [Key Skill 2], and [Key Skill 3], with a proven track record of [Brief Achievement or Success]. Adept at [Relevant Action or Process], I excel in [Specific Task or Responsibility] to drive [Type of Result or Outcome]. Known for [Unique Strength or Characteristic], I am committed to delivering exceptional [Type of Work or Service] that enhances [Type of Impact or Value].

Ideal for highlighting the potential value you bring to a role, use this resume summary template to emphasize your commitment and unique strengths.

While both resume elements serve as a brief introduction to your professional profile, they cater to different stages of a career and have distinct focuses.

Length and purpose

• Resume summary:  Typically consists of three to five sentences and provides a concise overview of your professional achievements and significant experience. It's designed to capture the employer's attention by showcasing how your background aligns with the job requirements.
• Objective statement:  Generally shorter, with 1 to 3 sentences, a resume objective  outlines your career goals and motivation for applying to the position. It is best suited for first-time job seekers, career changers, and people with employment gaps.
• Resume Profile:  Typically a resume profile is a bit more comprehensive than a summary. A resume profile highlights your professional experience, key skills, and career achievements in a few sentences to a short paragraph. It often includes industry-specific language and keywords, providing a detailed picture of your career and suitability for the position.

When to use each

• For experienced job seekers:  Candidates with a solid work history and specific skill sets that match the job description should opt for a resume summary or a resume profile.
• For emerging professionals:  If you're transitioning to a new field or have limited work experience, an objective statement can help clarify your career direction and demonstrate your enthusiasm and potential to grow within the company.

Let’s have a look at two examples of a resume summary, an objective, and a resume profile for the same position—environmental lawyer.

Lawyer resume objective

Even though the candidate has no experience, the objective clearly shows their comprehensive knowledge and direct alignment with the firm’s values and goals.

Lawyer resume summary

Unlike the objective, which focuses on aspirations and potential skills, this resume summary highlights concrete achievements  and a track record of success in environmental law. This approach reassures potential employers of the lawyer’s ability to handle complex cases and contribute to the firm's goals based on past performance.

The summary goes beyond stating a general interest in environmental law. It showcases specialization in key areas such as climate change laws and renewable energy projects, and highlights leadership skills. Hiring managers will immediately notice the candidate’s readiness to take on significant responsibilities.

Write the resume summary section last. It will be much easier to do so after you've detailed all your work experience  and professional achievements in your resume.

Choose the accomplishments from your work experience that stand out and highlight them in the summary section. From there, do the following three steps:

• Tailor your summary to the job posting . Use keywords from the job description , (Enhancv’s resume builder can tailor your summary just by pasting the job ad you’re applying for.)
• Consider your most relevant experience . Put experience that’s highly relevant to the job you’re applying for in the summary.
• Use an active voice.  Start sentences with active verbs to increase impact.
• Write 3-5 sentences about your proudest accomplishments . This will essentially form your summary structure. To craft a standout summary, you'll need to provide quantifiable achievements unless you want recruiters to say "So what?" and place you in the rejection pile.

"Here's the key point: always tailor your resume summary to the job posting. This helps you bypass ATS and catch the recruiter's attention, ideally by sharing quantifiable metrics or data. The most important thing is to tell them what they want to hear, which is usually in the top part of the job posting. Focus on how you can contribute to the business, rather than just highlighting your own achievements. Many job applicants miss this, but it's crucial for making a strong impression."

Silvia Angeloro, Executive Coach at Enhancv

Resume summary formula

[Power adjective] [job title] [level of experience] [area of expertise]. [Key skills/ contributions/ achievements/ qualifications] supported by quantifiable results. [How you want to help the prospective employer and how you plan to do it].

Feel free to adjust the following formula to suit your needs and use your unique voice to personalize the summary. After all, you might be competing with hundreds of candidates, but only a few will truly stand out.

Resume summary writing tips

Here are some dos and don’ts for crafting a resume summary:

• Start with an adjective that describes you as a professional . Words like dynamic , innovative , resourceful , or dedicated  can set the tone for your summary and immediately communicate your work ethic and attitude.
• Use strong action verbs   to maximize your accomplishments and make your achievements stand out. Verbs, like led , managed , developed , increased , or transformed , showcase your contributions effectively.
• Include figures and data to prove your statements . Quantifying your achievements with percentages and numbers makes your accomplishments concrete and understandable at a glance. For example, " Increased sales by 30% within the first quarter"  provides clear evidence of your impact.
• Avoid personal pronouns . Summaries should be concise and direct, and the best practice is to omit personal pronouns such as "I"  or "me."  This style is often recommended to maintain a professional tone and to use space on the resume more efficiently. Using the implied first-person approach, where the pronoun is left out but the verbs suggest the first-person perspective is standard practice.
• Avoid overused buzzwords . While it’s important to use keywords relevant to the job you’re applying for, steer clear of cliches  and buzzwords like hardworking , team player , or go-getter . Instead, focus on specific skills and achievements that demonstrate these qualities.
• Don’t lie in your resume summary .  Fabricating experiences , skills, or accomplishments can backfire spectacularly, damaging your professional reputation. It's better to focus on your genuine strengths and experiences, framing them in the most positive light possible.

Making your resume stand out to both human eyes and applicant tracking systems is crucial. One key strategy is the use of targeted keywords , particularly in your resume summary.

Keywords are specific terms or phrases related to the job you're applying for, including skills, qualifications, software, and industry terminology. They play a significant role in optimizing your resume for Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) and capturing the attention of hiring managers.

Most organizations use ATS to screen resumes, filtering candidates based on relevance to the job requirements. These systems scan your resume for specific keywords that match those found in the job description. Without these keywords, your resume might not pass the initial screening, regardless of your qualifications. Including the right keywords in your resume summary ensures that your application advances to the next stage, increasing your chances of securing an interview.

How to identify and incorporate relevant keywords

• Analyze the job description : Start by carefully reading the job posting that interests you. Look for frequently mentioned skills, competencies, and qualifications. These are your primary keywords.
• Use industry-specific terminology : Be aware of the language commonly used in your field. Including industry-specific terms shows your familiarity with the sector. However, be careful not to oversaturate your content with jargon—it still has to be easily understood by non-technical people.
• Incorporate keywords naturally : While it's important to include keywords, they should fit seamlessly into your summary. It should read naturally, engaging the reader with your professional narrative rather than appearing as a list of keywords.
• Customize for each application : Tailor your resume summary for each job application. Different employers might prioritize different skills or qualifications, even for similar roles.

How to tailor a resume summary to a job description: example

Review this actual job description for a retail pharmacist position in Hartford, CT. We've highlighted some of the key terms that could be incorporated into the resume summary.

Now, examine the pharmacist’s resume summary. Note that they’ve included their degree and licensure—crucial credentials for any pharmacy professional in the United States.

The summary integrates a substantial number of keywords from the job description, aligning well with the employer's needs and highlighting the candidate’s relevant skills and achievements.

While additional keywords from the job description can be (and must be!) woven throughout the resume, the primary goal is to capture the recruiter’s attention within the very first seconds of reviewing the resume .

Deciding whether or not to use a personal summary is fairly straightforward.

• You have more than 3 years of work experience. You’ve honed specific skills that qualify you for the job you’re applying for.
• You’re applying for a job within the same industry and field you’re currently working in. There’s a clear career trajectory.
• Your goal is to capture the recruiters attention (bonus points if you use keywords from the job description ).
• You posses in-demand skills, certifications, and licenses that you want to emphasize on,

Below we explore what can take a summary statement from good to great.

Key elements of an effective resume summary

An effective resume summary is brief and relevant. Ideally, you should adapt each summary to the job you’re applying for. Try to capture relevant qualifications for the position. A summary statement should show recruiters how you can help the company succeed.

If you’re an experienced applicant, focus the summary around your relevant skills and accomplishments. If you don’t have sufficient experience, your summary statement can also revolve around your education and certifications.

Finally, don’t forget to include keywords from the job ad to improve ATS optimization.

You've gathered your research, pinpointing experiences and keywords you want to highlight in your resume summary. Now, the challenge is piecing it all together, especially if you're pressed for time and struggling with the perfect phrasing.

Fortunately, Enhancv's resume building app  offers a swift solution. Our technology simplifies the resume creation process, allowing you to select a template, customize your layout, and explore a collection of thousands of bullet point suggestions tailored to various professions.

This extends to crafting your summary too. Should you find yourself at a loss for words, our AI assistant is ready to provide content recommendations for that section as well.

How it works

• Open the Enhancv app and upload your resume
• From the panel on the left select AI Assistant
• In the chat that opens choose the prompts that will serve your purposes
• Improve you resume within a couple of minutes

Crafting your summary quickly is entirely achievable. For those seeking a more tailored approach, our career coaching services  offer premium assistance to bring your resume to the next level.

Next, let's dive into some resume summary examples that are proven to catch employers' attention.

Crafting a standout resume summary is crucial in capturing the attention of hiring managers, especially when each industry has its unique set of expectations and keywords. In this section, we've curated a collection of resume summaries tailored to a wide array of fields. Whether you're in tech, healthcare, finance, or any other sector, you'll find targeted examples here to inspire and guide you in refining your own resume.

Accounting and finance resume summary examples

A demanding sector requires a summary of equal professionalism. In the meantime, we invite you to explore our Accounting and Finance Resume Guides  for further insights.

Accounting resume summary

Highly skilled accountant with over 10 years of experience in financial accounting, report consolidation, and internal controls, excelling in coaching and training finance teams. Expert in creating Operating Plans from financial analytics, resulting in a 15% increase in forecasting accuracy and budgeting efficiency within the first year. Specializes in translating financial data into actionable strategies, significantly enhancing financial performance.

Read our full guide on how to write an accountant resume .

Accounting analyst resume summary

Detail-oriented and proactive professional with over 5 years of experience, known for exceptional organizational and motivational skills. Utilizes keen analytical abilities and time management prowess to devise and execute effective strategies, enhancing operational efficiency by 50%. Demonstrates a strong capacity for driving growth, evidenced by successfully spearheading the launch of three new business lines, resulting in a 20% revenue increase within the first year.

Read our full guide on how to write an accountant analyst resume .

Financial analyst resume summary

Driven CFA with 7+ years of experience in financial analysis and market research, expert in leveraging advanced analytical tools to increase efficiency and accuracy in forecasting market trends. Specializing in developing comprehensive financial models that inform strategic decision-making, leading to a 15% increase in investment returns for previous employers. Eager to apply expertise in data-driven strategy and financial planning to contribute to the continued success of Apex Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a Chief Financial Officer (CFO) resume .

Auditor resume summary

Diligent auditor with over eight years of experience, excels in ensuring compliance with GAAP and conducting risk-based audits, significantly enhancing internal controls and reducing financial discrepancies by 30% within diverse organizations. Holds a Certified Internal Auditor (CIA) certification, showcasing expertise in risk management, control, and governance processes. Keen to leverage skills in forensic auditing and compliance management to drive operational excellence at Global Finance Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a director of finance resume .

Business and management resume summary examples

You can find our extensive Business and Management resumes and examples  on our website. Meanwhile, check out a few of the most popular positions that people want to write summaries for.

Business analyst resume summary

Resourceful business analyst with five years of experience in Analytics, Operations, and Technology, excels in data mining, significantly improving operational efficiencies by 25%. Demonstrated business acumen, enhancing decision-making and problem-solving processes, leading to a 20% increase in productivity. Strong leadership and team-building capabilities, coupled with excellent communication and presentation skills. Aiming to drive forward initiatives at Future Tech Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a business analyst resume .

Business development resume summary

Dynamic business development manager with over ten years of experience, excels in identifying and leveraging new market opportunities, resulting in a 40% increase in market share. Holds a Professional Certified Marketer (PCM) designation, evidencing mastery in marketing principles and strategy development. Specializes in nurturing client relationships and strategic partnerships, leading to a sustained 30% annual revenue growth. Aims to drive innovative growth strategies at Visionary Solutions Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a business developer resume .

Business intelligence resume summary

Innovative business intelligence solutions architect with 6+ years of experience, specializes in designing and implementing scalable BI solutions that improve decision-making processes and enhance operational efficiency, evidenced by a 50% reduction in data processing times. Certified Azure Data Scientist Associate, showcasing deep expertise in data modeling, analytics, and cloud computing. Aims to leverage advanced analytical skills and a strategic approach to data-driven decision making to support the growth and innovation at NextGen Data Insights.

Read our full guide on how to write a business intelligence professional resume .

Strategy consultant resume summary

People-oriented strategy consultant with over seven years of experience, excels in developing and executing actionable strategies that drive market expansion and revenue growth, evidenced by a track record of boosting client revenues by up to 35%. Holds a Certified Management Consultant (CMC) designation, underlining proficiency in change management, financial analysis, and competitive analysis. Aims to apply forward-thinking strategic planning and business transformation skills to foster innovation and efficiency at Visionary Enterprises.

Read our full guide on how to write a strategy consultant resume .

Management consultant resume summary

Accomplished management consultant with over nine years of experience, specializing in driving operational improvements and implementing best practices that result in enhanced efficiency and a 20% cost reduction for clients. Certified Project Management Professional, demonstrating expertise in project planning, risk management, and stakeholder communication. Eager to utilize strategic analysis and process re-engineering skills to contribute to the success of Innovative Solutions Inc., fostering a culture of continuous improvement and operational excellence.

Read our full guide on how to write a management consultant resume .

Creative and cultural fields resume summary examples

With the growing demand for new skills in the creative sector, fresh opportunities are constantly emerging. Crafting a compelling resume summary is key to setting the tone for a winning resume for the arts and entertainment  industry.

Artist resume summary

Innovative artist with over 10 years of experience specializing in digital illustration, mixed media, and conceptual art. Leveraging proficiency in Adobe Creative Suite to create visually compelling digital artwork, evidenced by winning the National Digital Art Award in 2021. Eager to bring creative vision and a fresh perspective to the design team at Imaginary Studios.

Read our full guide on how to write an artist resume .

Writer resume summary

Award-winning scriptwriter with 5+ years of experience in crafting engaging narratives, character development, and dialogue writing. Mastered the art of storytelling through a Professional Screenwriting Certificate, leading to scripts that have been shortlisted for the International Screenwriters' Festival for 3 consecutive years. Looking forward to contributing innovative storytelling techniques and a passion for cinematic excellence to the creative team at DreamFrame Productions.

Read our full guide on how to write a writer resume .

Actor resume summary

Versatile theater actor with over 5 years of experience in live performance, character immersion, and improvisational acting. Honed skills in CSVPA, leading to leading roles in award-winning productions at the National Theater Festival. Aims to bring unparalleled dedication and a knack for captivating audiences to the ensemble at Bright Futures Theater Company.

Read our full guide on how to write an actor resume .

Model resume summary

Passionate model with 5 years of experience in print, runway, and commercial modeling, demonstrating exceptional poise, physical flexibility, and fashion awareness. Completed a Professional Modeling Certificate program in 2018, leading to features in over 20 top fashion magazines and campaigns for more than 10 renowned global brands. Looking to bring a distinctive look and a commitment to excellence to the diverse modeling team at Visionary Fashion House.

Read our full guide on how to write a model resume .

Videographer resume summary

Talented videographer with over 7 years of experience in video editing, cinematography, and storytelling. Earned a Professional Videography Certificate, leading to the production of over 50 commercial videos that increased client engagement by up to 40%. Looking forward to applying innovative filming techniques and a creative vision to the multimedia team at NextGen Media Creations.

Read our full guide on how to write a videographer resume .

Data science resume summary examples

You can explore our collection of 30 data science resume examples . Remember, recruiters prioritize seeing specific hard skills mentioned right at the beginning of your science and engineering resume.

Data scientist resume summary

Innovative data scientist with over 5 years of experience, specializing in machine learning, statistical analysis, and data visualization. Mastered Python and R to deliver insights from complex datasets, leading to a 20% increase in business efficiencies across previous roles. Certified in Data Science by IBM, eager to leverage expertise to drive forward the data-driven strategies at FutureTech Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a data scientist resume .

Data engineer resume summary

Resourceful data engineer with 7 years of experience, excelling in cloud computing, big data architectures, and ETL processes. Developed and optimized data pipelines that reduced data processing times by 30% for previous employers, utilizing Apache Spark and Hadoop extensively. Certified as an AWS Solutions Architect, aiming to apply robust data solutions to enhance decision-making processes at TechInnovate Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a data engineer resume .

Data analyst resume summary

Diligent data analyst with over 3 years of experience, skilled in SQL, Python, and data visualization tools like Tableau. Transformed raw data into actionable insights that increased revenue by 15% annually for past projects. Holding a Professional Certificate in Data Analysis from Google, ready to implement strategic data analysis and visualization techniques at Innovative Data Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a data analyst resume .

Big data resume summary

Versatile big data engineer with over 8 years of experience, adept in managing large-scale data processing systems with Hadoop, Spark, and Kafka. Engineered solutions that improved data ingestion and processing speeds by over 40%, ensuring data integrity and accessibility. Certified with Cloudera's CCA Spark and Hadoop Developer certification, determined to leverage big data technologies to drive analytical excellence at NextGen Data Corp.

Read our full guide on how to write a big data engineer resume .

Data mining resume summary

Experienced data mining analyst, specializing in predictive modeling, data mining techniques, and complex data analysis using Python and R. Enhanced decision-making processes by identifying key patterns and trends, leading to a 25% increase in marketing efficiency for previous organizations. Certified Data Scientist with a focus on data mining from SAS, eager to apply predictive analytics to uncover valuable insights at Advanced Analytics Ventures.

Read our full guide on how to write a data mining expert resume .

Design resume summary examples

Explore our range of design and video resume examples  tailored to showcase your creativity and technical proficiency.

UX designer resume summary

Energetic UX designer with over 4 years of experience, skilled in creating intuitive, user-friendly designs and interfaces across mobile and web platforms using Sketch, Figma, and Adobe XD. Led redesign projects that increased user engagement by 30% and customer satisfaction by 25%. Certified as a Nielsen Norman Group UX Master, ready to employ cutting-edge design principles to enhance user experiences at Digital Innovations Studio.

Read our full guide on how to write a UX designer resume .

Video editor resume summary

Reliable video editor with, proficient in Adobe Premiere Pro, After Effects, and Final Cut Pro, delivering compelling visual narratives and high-impact multimedia content. Streamlined post-production workflows to improve project turnaround times by 40%, while maintaining high creative standards. Certified in Adobe Video Editing, aiming to bring innovative storytelling and technical expertise to the creative team at Visionary Media Productions.

Read our full guide on how to write a video editor resume .

Designer resume summary

Innovative graphic designer with 4 years of experience, excelling in branding, digital illustration, and layout design using Adobe Creative Suite. Elevated brand identities for over 20 clients, enhancing their market presence and engagement through visually compelling design solutions. Certified Graphic Design Professional by Adobe, ready to bring a blend of creative vision and industry-recognized expertise to the design team at Creative Dynamics Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a designer resume .

Interior designer resume summary

Passionate interior designer, specializing in space planning and sustainable design, proficient in AutoCAD and SketchUp. Transformed over 100 residential and commercial spaces into aesthetically pleasing and functional areas, achieving a 95% client satisfaction rate. Certified Interior Designer by the National Council for Interior Design Qualification, eager to bring innovative design solutions and a keen eye for detail to the team at Elite Design Innovations.

Animator resume summary

Productive animator with 7 years of experience, adept in 3D animation, motion graphics, and character design, utilizing Maya, Blender, and After Effects. Developed and executed over 50 animation projects, enhancing storytelling and viewer engagement for various digital platforms, with a notable increase in audience retention by 35%. Ready to bring dynamic visual storytelling and innovative animation solutions to the creative team at DreamFrame Studios.

Read our full guide on how to write an animator resume .

Engineering resume summary examples

What’s your passion—construction, civil, plant and manufacturing, or general engineering? Everything you need to know about your engineering resume  is available on our website.

Architect resume summary

Progressive architect with 10 years of experience, specializing in sustainable design, advanced 3D modeling, and project management. I excel in creating visually compelling and environmentally friendly structures, resulting in multiple awards for sustainable design. Certified with the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) and eager to contribute cutting-edge architectural solutions to FutureBuild Designs.

Read our full guide on how to write an architect resume .

Engineer resume summary

Reliable electrical engineer, excelling in circuit design, automation systems, and power distribution. Mastered the development and implementation of innovative electrical systems, increasing efficiency and safety in previous projects by 40%. Certified in Professional Engineering (PE) and looking forward to driving technological innovations at ElectroInnovate Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write an engineer resume .

Chemical engineer resume summary

Self-motivated chemical engineer with 5 years of experience in process optimization, safety management, and chemical research. Pioneered the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly chemical processes, achieving a 30% reduction in waste production across several projects. Certified Six Sigma Green Belt, ready to lead innovative projects and drive efficiency at ChemTech Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a chemical engineer resume .

Civil engineer resume summary

Accomplished civil engineer with over 10 years of experience in infrastructure project management, adept at leading cross-functional teams to deliver projects 15% under budget and ahead of schedule. Expert in utilizing technology for efficient project planning and execution, significantly reducing costs by 30% while improving quality. Eager to apply expertise in sustainable design and innovation at GreenBuild Innovations, aiming to enhance project sustainability by at least 25%.

Mechanical engineer resume summary

Innovative mechanical engineer specializing in product design, development, and optimization, skilled in CAD software and finite element analysis. Reduced product development times by 40% through streamlined processes and enhanced team collaboration. Holding a Lean Six Sigma Green Belt certification, ready to drive efficiency and productivity improvements at FutureTech Solutions, targeting at least a 30% increase in production speed.

Read our full guide on how to write a mechanical engineer resume .

Government resume summary examples

Highlight your commitment to public service  with a strong resume summary that communicates clearly your goals and dedication.

Military resume summary

Dedicated military police officer with 12 years of experience in law enforcement, security operations, and crisis management within high-stress environments. Expertise in leading teams to improve base security measures, resulting in a 50% reduction in security breaches, and skilled in conducting thorough investigations with a high rate of case closures. Certified in Advanced Law Enforcement Rapid Response Training (ALERRT), aiming to leverage security and tactical skills at SecureTech Innovations, focusing on enhancing corporate security protocols and reducing incident response times by over 30%.

Read our full guide on how to write a military professional resume .

Grant writer resume summary

Diligent grant writer with extensive experience in developing compelling proposals, securing funding for non-profit organizations and maintaining strong relationships with donors and stakeholders. Specializes in identifying funding opportunities and aligning projects with potential funders' priorities, successfully securing over $5 million in grants. Certified Grant Professional, eager to bring expertise in strategic fundraising and grant management to Visionary Impact Group, aiming to increase funding sources by 40% and support the launch of innovative community programs.

Read our full guide on how to write a grant writer resume .

Government resume summary

Strategic Local Government professional with 7 years of experience in urban planning, community engagement, and policy development, adept at crafting policies that have revitalized downtown areas, increasing foot traffic by 40%. Spearheaded cross-sector partnerships that leveraged $20 million in federal grants for community development projects. Certified Public Manager (CPM), keen to apply innovative urban strategies at City Renewal Authority, targeting the transformation of underutilized districts to boost economic activity by 50%.

Read our full guide on how to write a government professional resume .

Federal resume summary

Resolute Federal Correctional Officer with over 5 years of experience in maintaining high levels of security and order within federal penitentiaries, skilled in conflict resolution, emergency response, and inmate rehabilitation. Developed and implemented innovative security protocols that reduced incidents by 30%, demonstrating strong leadership and problem-solving abilities. Aiming to implement reforms that reduce recidivism rates by at least 20%.

Read our full guide on how to write a federal professional resume .

Human resources resume summary examples

The best way for a recruiter to impress a recruiter is to craft an outstanding resume. Start by exploring our Human resources guides .  

HR professional resume summary

Seasoned HR professional with over 10 years of comprehensive experience in talent acquisition, employee engagement strategies, and performance management systems. Spearheaded diversity and inclusion initiatives, resulting in a 40% increase in workplace diversity at a leading tech firm. Certified PHR eager to leverage expertise in fostering a dynamic and inclusive culture at Future Innovations Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write an HR professional resume .

Recruiter resume summary

Dynamic recruiter with over 5 years of proven expertise in sourcing top talent, streamlining recruitment processes, and implementing effective candidate assessment methodologies. Excelled in building robust talent pipelines, reducing time-to-hire by 30% at a fast-growing software startup. Holding a Certified Personnel Consultant (CPC) credential, ready to drive talent acquisition excellence at Global Innovate Tech.

Read our full guide on how to write a recruiter resume .

HR coordinator resume summary

PHR-certified coordinator with over 3 years of experience in employee relations, benefits administration, and HRIS systems. Optimized HR operational workflows, achieving a 20% increase in process efficiency at a renowned healthcare provider. Keen on enhancing employee satisfaction and operational excellence at NextGen Enterprises.

Read our full guide on how to write an HR coordinator resume .

Contract analyst resume summary

Detail-oriented contract analyst with over 7 years of experience in contract negotiation, risk management, and compliance monitoring. Developed and implemented a comprehensive contract management system, reducing operational risks by 25% for a leading financial services firm. Certified Commercial Contracts Manager (CCCM), eager to apply strategic contract analysis and risk mitigation skills at Visionary Solutions Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a contract analyst resume .

Information technology resume summary examples

When writing your IT summary , make sure you include job-relevant skills or certifications. It adds credibility to your resume and is important to pass the ATS assessment.

Front-end developer resume summary

Innovative front-end developer with over 4 years of experience in creating responsive website designs, optimizing user experience, and implementing modern JavaScript frameworks. Enhanced website performance for a leading e-commerce platform by 35% through the adoption of React and Flutter. Certified React Developer, aiming to leverage front-end development expertise to drive user engagement and conversion rates at Creative Web Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a front-end developer resume .

Python developer resume summary

Resourceful Python developer with over 6 years of experience in developing scalable web applications, automating workflows, and integrating data systems. Led a team to build a machine learning model that increased prediction accuracy by 40% for a fintech startup. Certified PCPP, looking to utilize advanced programming skills and data analytics expertise at Innovative Solutions Tech.

Read our full guide on how to write a Python developer resume .

Full stack developer resume summary

Versatile Full Stack developer with over 8 years of experience in building end-to-end solutions, mastering both front-end and back-end technologies, and implementing agile methodologies. Engineered a cloud-based SaaS platform that scaled to serve over 1 million users, demonstrating proficiency in JavaScript, Python, and DevOps practices. Certified Solutions Architect - Associate, ready to bring a holistic approach to software development and innovation at TechForward Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a full stack developer resume .

System administrator resume summary

Dedicated system administrator with over 5 years of experience in managing enterprise-grade networks, ensuring system security, and optimizing server performance. Successfully implemented a comprehensive backup and disaster recovery plan, reducing system downtime by 50% for a large healthcare organization. Certified CISSP, aiming to leverage deep technical expertise and a proactive approach to maintain robust IT infrastructure at FutureTech Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a system administrator resume .

IT project manager resume summary

PMP-certified IT project manager with over 5 years of experience in leading complex technology projects, optimizing cross-functional team performance, and implementing best practices in project management. Delivered a portfolio of projects valued at over $20M on time and within budget, achieving a 95% stakeholder satisfaction rate for a multinational corporation. Eager to drive technology innovation and project excellence at NextGen Tech Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write an IT project manager resume .

Law enforcement & emergency service resume summary examples

A professional-looking resume needs a crisp summary statement. Demonstrate your commitment to community service  in the most succinct way possible.

Incident manager resume summary

Dedicated incident manager with over 8 years of experience specializing in crisis resolution, effective communication, and IT service management. I excel at quickly identifying critical issues, leading cross-functional teams towards prompt and efficient resolution, and reducing system downtime by 30% annually. Certified in ITIL Foundation, aiming to bring expertise in incident lifecycle management to the innovative environment of FutureTech Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write an incident manager resume .

Police officer resume summary

Resolute police officer with over 10 years of experience specializing in community policing, criminal investigations, and emergency response. Excels at de-escalating tense situations, solving complex cases with a 40% higher success rate than the department average, and fostering trust within the community. Certified in Advanced Law Enforcement Rapid Response Training (ALERRT), aiming to bring a blend of tactical expertise and community-focused policing to the security team at SecureHorizons Corporation.

Read our full guide on how to write a police officer resume .

Law officer resume summary

Astute law enforcement officer with over 15 years of dedicated service specializing in investigative procedures, forensic analysis, and community engagement. Champion at employing advanced investigative techniques to increase case resolution rates by 50%, coupled with a commitment to enhancing community relations through proactive engagement initiatives. Certified in Crime Scene Investigation (CSI), eager to leverage extensive investigative skills and law enforcement experience to contribute to the security and compliance division at Global Safety Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a law officer resume .

Security guard resume summary

Security Management certified professional with over 5 years of experience specializing in surveillance, risk assessment, and access control. Identified and mitigated security risks, reducing incidents by 45% through strategic surveillance and rapid response tactics. Aiming to utilize keen observational and crisis management skills to ensure a safe and secure environment at SecureTech Innovations Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a security guard resume .

Case manager resume summary

Compassionate case manager with over 7 years of experience specializing in client advocacy, resource coordination, and personalized care plans. Proven track record in building strong, trust-based relationships with clients, achieving a 95% satisfaction rate through tailored support and advocacy. Certified in Case Management, eager to apply expertise in holistic client support and resource optimization to contribute to the client success team at Wellness Pathways Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a case manager resume .

Legal resume summary examples

Your legal resume  needs a summary statement to concisely convey your specific legal interests, expertise areas, or career goals, particularly when targeting niche fields within the law. Remember to always align closely with the hiring firm's specialties or values.

Legal assistant resume summary

Dedicated legal assistant with over 5 years of experience in supporting attorneys by performing comprehensive legal research, drafting legal documents, and managing case files with utmost confidentiality. Effective communicator with meticulous organization and an ability to multitask under tight deadlines, ensuring high levels of accuracy and efficiency. Holds a Certified Legal Assistant (CLA) credential and is eager to contribute these skills and experiences to the innovative team at Prestige Legal Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a legal assistant resume .

Attorney resume summary

Accomplished attorney with over 10 years of experience in litigation, client advocacy, and legal consultation within both civil and criminal law sectors. Specializes in crafting compelling legal strategies, negotiating settlements, and presenting persuasive arguments in court, backed by a track record of favorable verdicts and settlements. Holder of a Juris Doctor degree and a member of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, ready to leverage expertise for the dynamic team at Justice Innovators Legal Firm.

Read our full guide on how to write an attorney resume .

Paralegal resume summary

Resourceful paralegal with over 7 years of experience in providing comprehensive support to attorneys, managing complex case preparation, and facilitating client communications. Skilled in legal research, document drafting, and case management software, with a keen eye for detail and exceptional organizational abilities. Certified in Legal Project Management, ready to apply these proficiencies to enhance the legal operations at Global Legal Partners.

Read our full guide on how to write a paralegal resume .

Astute lawyer with over 8 years of experience specializing in corporate law, intellectual property, and contract negotiations. Masters complex legal analysis, effective strategy development, and robust client representation, ensuring comprehensive legal protection and guidance. Holds a Master of Laws (LL.M.) in Corporate Law and seeks to drive legal excellence at FutureTech Legal Advisors.

Read our full guide on how to write a lawyer resume .

Maintenance and repair resume summary examples

Those of you in maintenance and repair roles  should highlight specific skills in troubleshooting, preventive maintenance, or specialized repair techniques. The resume summary will show recruiters your dedication to operational efficiency and reliability in a practical, hands-on environment.

Maintenance manager resume summary

Dedicated maintenance manager with over 10 years of experience specializing in preventive maintenance, facility upkeep, and team leadership. Excels in developing cost-effective maintenance solutions, reducing downtime by 40%, and enhancing equipment reliability through strategic planning and implementation. Certified in Lean Six Sigma, aiming to leverage expertise in process improvement and operational efficiency to drive excellence at FutureTech Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a maintenance manager resume .

Electrician resume summary

Resourceful electrician with over 7 years of experience in electrical systems installation, project management, and safety compliance. Coordinated large-scale projects, ensuring a 30% improvement in project completion time, and maintaining a zero-incident safety record through rigorous adherence to industry best practices. Holder of a Master Electrician Certification, eager to apply a blend of technical proficiency and leadership excellence at Innovative Energy Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write an electrician resume .

Housekeeper resume summary

Meticulous housekeeper with over 5 years of experience in high-standard cleanliness, time management, and eco-friendly cleaning practices. Elevates guest experiences by maintaining a 99% satisfaction rating through exceptional attention to detail and personalized service. Holds a Professional Cleaning Certification, eager to bring expertise and a passion for spotless environments to the team at Luxury Living Spaces.

Read our full guide on how to write a housekeeper resume .

Facility manager resume summary

Strategic facility manager with over 5 years of experience in operations management, sustainability practices, and emergency planning. Leads by example in optimizing facility operations, achieving a 25% reduction in energy costs through the implementation of green initiatives, and enhancing safety protocols to ensure a 100% compliance rate with OSHA standards. Aiming to bring a proactive and innovative approach to facilities management at Global Innovations Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a facility manager resume .

Housekeeping manager resume summary

Efficient housekeeping manager with over 8 years of experience in staff supervision, quality control, and inventory management. Spearheaded initiatives to elevate cleanliness standards, achieving a 95% guest satisfaction rating, and reducing supply costs by 20% through strategic vendor negotiations. Certified in Hospitality Management, ready to leverage a strong commitment to excellence and detail-oriented approach at Prestige Worldwide Resorts.

Read our full guide on how to write a housekeeping manager resume .

Manufacturing and warehousing resume summary examples

Supply chain, packaging, control – we got it all covered in our manufacturing and warehousing resume guides.

Manual tester resume summary

Diligent manual tester with over 5 years of experience in identifying bugs, performing regression testing, and ensuring software usability. Excelled in creating comprehensive test plans, executing test cases with precision, and enhancing documentation efficiency, leading to a 30% decrease in critical errors for high-stake projects. Holds an ISTQB Foundation Level Certification and is eager to leverage expertise in advancing software quality at TechInnovate Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a manual tester resume .

Procurement manager resume summary

Strategic procurement manager with over 10 years of experience in supply chain optimization, vendor management, and cost reduction strategies. Mastered negotiation techniques that resulted in a 20% decrease in material costs while maintaining quality and service standards, and implemented innovative procurement software that increased process efficiency by 40%. Certified in Supply Chain Management (CSCP) and looking to drive procurement excellence and sustainability at Global Green Enterprises.

Read our full guide on how to write a procurement manager resume .

Supply chain manager resume summary

Innovative supply chain manager with over 8 years of experience in logistics coordination, inventory management, and strategic planning. Spearheaded a supply chain optimization project that resulted in a 25% improvement in delivery times and a 15% reduction in costs, by integrating advanced forecasting tools and establishing strong supplier partnerships. Holds a CSCP designation and is poised to enhance operational efficiencies at FutureTech Logistics.

Read our full guide on how to write a supply chain manager resume .

Manufacturing engineer resume summary

Resourceful manufacturing engineer with over 7 years of experience in process improvement, quality control, and automation integration. Developed and implemented manufacturing processes that increased production efficiency by 20% and reduced waste by 15%, utilizing Lean manufacturing principles and Six Sigma methodologies. Certified in Lean Six Sigma Green Belt, eager to apply innovative engineering solutions to enhance production quality and efficiency at Advanced Manufacturing Corp.

Read our full guide on how to write a manufacturing engineer resume .

Warehouse manager resume summary

Efficient warehouse manager with over 12 years of experience in inventory management, logistics coordination, and team leadership. Streamlined warehouse operations to achieve a 30% increase in productivity and a 20% reduction in operational costs through the implementation of robust inventory management systems and effective staff training programs. Certified in Supply Chain Management (CSCP), ready to drive operational excellence and strategic growth at NextGen Distribution Centers.

Read our full guide on how to write a warehouse manager resume .

Marketing resume summary examples

If you’re a marketer looking to build an outstanding resume , spotlight your creativity, strategic insight, and specific marketing skills in your resume summary. Here are some examples.

Digital marketing resume summary

Data-oriented digital marketing specialist with over 8 years of experience, excelling in SEO optimization, content marketing, and social media engagement, demonstrated by a 40% increase in online visibility for multiple brands. Mastered Google Analytics and AdWords, leading to a 25% growth in ROI for advertising campaigns. Eager to apply expertise in driving robust digital marketing strategies at Dream Innovations Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a digital marketer resume .

Social media manager resume summary

Dynamic social media manager with 3 years of experience, specializing in audience engagement, brand building, and content creation, evidenced by a 50% increase in follower count across platforms within one year. Certified in Digital Marketing from the Digital Marketing Institute, skillfully integrated influencer partnerships to boost brand visibility by 30%. Looking forward to enhancing social media presence and community interaction at Creative Tech Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a social media manager resume .

Marketing professional resume summary

Strategic marketing professional with over 10 years of experience, excelling in market analysis, campaign management, and lead generation, leading to a 35% increase in market share for previous employers. Certified in Professional Marketing by the Chartered Institute of Marketing, adept at utilizing data analytics to refine strategy and increase customer acquisition costs by 20%. Keen to drive innovative marketing strategies and growth at Future Horizons Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a marketing professional resume .

Email marketing professional resume summary

Results-driven email marketing specialist with 4 years of experience, skilled in segmentation, personalized content creation, and A/B testing, resulting in a 45% increase in open rates and a 30% boost in click-through rates for past campaigns. Holding a Certificate in Email Marketing from the Digital Marketing Institute, effectively doubled the lead conversion rates for a major e-commerce platform. Eager to leverage proven email marketing strategies to drive revenue growth and customer engagement at Innovative Solutions Corp.

Read our full guide on how to write an email marketing professional resume .

SEO professional resume summary

Astute SEO specialist with over 7 years of deep expertise in search engine optimization, content strategy creation, and backlink acquisition, which contributed to a 70% increase in web traffic and a 50% improvement in conversion rates for past projects. Accredited with Advanced SEO Certification from the American Marketing Association, played a pivotal role in tripling organic search visibility for multinational corporations. Now seeking to leverage a proven track record of elevating online presence to drive competitive advantage at Forward-Thinking Tech Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write an SEO professional resume .

Nursing, healthcare and well-being resume summary examples

For practitioners in nursing, healthcare, and well-being , crafting an effective summary statement is your opportunity to underscore your compassionate approach to patient care and dedication to improving health outcomes. Here are some examples.

Doctor resume summary

Patient-focused medical doctor with over 10 years of experience, specializing in internal medicine, patient care, and diagnostic proficiency, demonstrated by a consistent patient satisfaction rate exceeding 95%. Board Certified in Internal Medicine, instrumental in developing community health programs that increased patient access to care by 40%. Eager to bring medical expertise and dedication to patient wellness to the healthcare team at Health Innovations Medical Center.

Read our full guide on how to write a doctor resume .

Nurse resume summary

Dedicated nurse with over 5 years of experience in acute care, patient education, and emergency response, successfully managing care for up to 20 patients per shift with high marks for patient satisfaction and recovery outcomes. Certified in Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) and Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS), significantly contributed to a 30% improvement in the efficiency of emergency care protocols. Seeking to apply a strong background in patient-centered care and clinical expertise at Modern Health Solutions Hospital.

Read our full guide on how to write a nurse resume .

Psychologist resume summary

Insightful psychologist with over 8 years of experience in cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychological assessment, and group therapy, achieving a 40% improvement in patient mental health outcomes. Certified in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) by the Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies, played a key role in developing a mental wellness program that reduced patient relapse rates by 25%. Aim to bring expertise in innovative therapeutic techniques and patient-centered care to the team at WholeMind Wellness Center.

Read our full guide on how to write a psychologist resume .

Healthcare resume summary

Skilled healthcare practitioner with over 12 years of experience in patient care management, diagnostic procedures, and healthcare technology integration, leading to a 50% improvement in patient treatment outcomes. Certified Health Informatics Specialist, enhancing patient record accuracy and accessibility, which contributed to a 20% faster diagnosis process. Aim to leverage expertise in advanced patient care and health informatics to drive innovation and efficiency at NextGen Health Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a healthcare professional resume .

Medical surgical nurse resume summary

Expert surgical nurse with over 7 years of experience specializing in pre-operative and post-operative care, patient education, and surgical assistance, resulting in a 95% patient recovery rate and exemplary patient satisfaction scores. Certified in Perioperative Nursing (CNOR), significantly improved the efficiency of surgical procedures by 30% through optimized patient preparation and recovery protocols. Eager to bring a proven track record of excellence in surgical nursing and patient care to the surgical team at Advanced Surgical Innovations Hospital.

Read our full guide on how to write a medical surgical nurse resume .

Office and administration resume summary examples

For those pursuing office and administration roles , the resume summary is your chance to highlight your commitment to supporting business operations and your keen attention to detail.

Administrative assistant resume summary

Dedicated administrative assistant with over 5 years of experience excelling in time management, interpersonal communication, and document preparation. Mastered Microsoft Office Suite and adept at streamlining office operations, resulting in a 20% increase in efficiency at previous positions. Certified in Project Management (PMP), eager to apply these skills and experiences to contribute to the continued success of InnovateTech Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write an administrative assistant resume .

Front desk receptionist resume summary

Efficient front desk receptionist with over 3 years of experience specializing in customer service, appointment scheduling, and administrative support. Excelled in managing multi-line phone systems and maintaining a welcoming environment, achieving a 95% satisfaction rate in customer service feedback surveys. Certified in Customer Service Management, ready to bring a positive and organized front office experience to the team at Dreamland Resorts.

Read our full guide on how to write a front desk receptionist resume .

Administrative manager resume summary

Strategic administrative manager with over 10 years of experience specializing in operational efficiency, team leadership, and budget management. Streamlined internal processes to reduce operational costs by 15%, while enhancing team productivity through effective management and training programs. Certified in Lean Six Sigma Green Belt, eager to leverage expertise in process improvement to drive success and innovation at FutureTech Enterprises.

Read our full guide on how to write an administrative manager resume .

Office manager resume summary

Resourceful office manager with over 8 years of experience in enhancing office operations, human resources management, and financial planning. Implemented comprehensive scheduling and resource allocation systems that increased operational efficiency by 25%. Certified as a Professional Office Manager (POM), ready to utilize organizational skills and a proactive approach to foster a dynamic work environment at Creative Solutions Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write an office manager resume .

Front office manager resume summary

Dynamic front office manager with 7 years of experience in customer service excellence, staff training, and operational management in the hospitality sector. Boosted customer satisfaction ratings by 30% through innovative service strategies and staff empowerment initiatives. Holding a certification in Hospitality Management, eager to drive outstanding guest experiences and operational success at Prestige Worldwide Resorts.

Read our full guide on how to write a front office manager resume .

Project management resume summary examples

Explore over 20 project management resume examples and guides tailored to your specific role.

Product manager resume summary

Innovative product manager with over 6 years of experience in product lifecycle management, market analysis, and cross-functional team leadership. Led the development and launch of 5 market-leading products, achieving a 40% increase in customer engagement and a 25% growth in revenue. Certified Scrum Master (CSM), looking forward to driving product innovation and agile project management excellence at TechFuture Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a product manager resume .

Scrum master resume summary

Dynamic scrum master specialist with over 4 years of experience facilitating agile project management, enhancing team productivity, and promoting continuous improvement. Successfully increased team velocity by 30% and improved on-time delivery to 95% through effective sprint planning and backlog management. Certified Scrum Master (CSM) with a passion for fostering a collaborative work environment, ready to drive agile transformation at NextGen Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a Scrum manager resume .

Project manager resume summary

Results-driven project manager with over 8 years of experience in project planning, risk management, and stakeholder communication. Successfully completed over 20 high-profile projects within budget and ahead of deadlines, enhancing customer satisfaction by 40%. Certified Project Management Professional (PMP), aiming to leverage project management excellence to deliver strategic initiatives at Global Innovations Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a project manager resume .

Program manager resume summary

Strategic program manager with over 10 years of experience in program development, team leadership, and performance optimization. Led the successful rollout of multiple cross-functional initiatives, resulting in a 50% improvement in program efficiency and stakeholder satisfaction. Certified in Program Management Professional (PgMP), eager to apply strategic planning and leadership skills to drive mission-critical programs at Visionary Tech Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a program manager resume .

Real estate resume summary examples

Realtors should include a resume summary  that presents their sales expertise, market knowledge, and commitment to providing exceptional client service, setting the stage for how they can benefit a potential employer or agency. Our examples can serve as a solid base, just tailor them to your specific needs.

Realtor resume summary

Dedicated realtor with over 10 years of experience specializing in residential property sales and negotiations. Excels at leveraging deep knowledge of market trends and exceptional communication skills to exceed sales targets consistently, achieving top performer status in a competitive market. Certified Residential Specialist, eager to apply expertise and a track record of success at Prestige Global Realty.

Read our full guide on how to write a realtor manager resume .

Real estate agent resume summary

Accomplished real estate agent with 8 years of experience in facilitating seamless transactions and providing market insights. Master in building client relationships, conducting comparative market analysis, and negotiating deals that benefit all parties involved, evidenced by a 30% increase in client portfolio year-over-year. Certified in Property Management (CPM), ready to bring a wealth of knowledge and a proven track record of success to Luxury Estates International.

Read our full guide on how to write a real estate agent resume .

Property manager resume summary

Resourceful property manager with over 5 years of experience in managing residential and commercial properties. Skilled in tenant relations, property maintenance coordination, and financial management, resulting in a 95% occupancy rate and a 20% reduction in operating costs. Possessing a Certified Property Manager (CPM) credential, aiming to enhance asset value and tenant satisfaction at HighRise Innovations LLC.

Read our full guide on how to write a property manager resume .

Real estate developer resume summary

Visionary real estate developer with 12 years of experience transforming underutilized lands into profitable properties. Expertise in project management, financial planning, and environmental sustainability, resulting in the successful completion of over 30 mixed-use developments. Certified in Sustainable Development, keen to leverage innovative design and strategic partnerships to drive growth at Urban Future Developments.

Read our full guide on how to write a real estate developer resume .

Sales and retail resume summary examples

With your sales resume  you offer recruiters a quick glimpse of your sales prowess, customer relationship skills, and enthusiasm for driving results.

Sales resume summary

Result-driven sales executive with over 7 years of experience excelling in high-pressure environments and sustaining revenue growth. Mastered the art of negotiation, customer relationship management, and strategic planning, leading to a 150% increase in annual sales for previous employers. Certified in Advanced Sales Strategies, eager to leverage expertise to drive market expansion and sales excellence at Future Innovations Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a sales professional resume .

Customer service resume summary

Empathetic customer service representative with over 5 years of experience in providing exceptional customer support and resolving complex issues. Specialized in communication, problem-solving, and time management, successfully increased customer satisfaction ratings by over 90% within the first year in previous organization. Certified Customer Service Professional (CCSP), ready to apply talents in enhancing customer experience at NextGen Customer Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a customer service professional resume .

Sales representative resume summary

Results-driven sales representative with 8 years of experience specializing in B2B and B2C sales environments. Skilled in lead generation, customer engagement, and closing deals, resulting in a 120% achievement of sales targets consistently over the past 3 years. Holder of a Professional Selling Skills Certification, aiming to drive sales success and exceed targets at Innovative Tech Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a sales representative resume .

Account manager resume objective

Strategic account manager with over 7 years of experience in fostering robust client relationships and driving revenue growth. Proficient in contract negotiation, client retention strategies, and cross-functional team leadership, achieving a 98% client retention rate across the portfolio. Certified in Key Account Management, keen to utilize strategic insights and relationship-building expertise to contribute to the success of Innovative Solutions Corp.

Read our full guide on how to write an account manager resume .

Sales engineer objective

Technically-savvy sales engineer with 6 years of experience, blending engineering expertise with sales acumen to drive business solutions. Excels in technical presentations, client education, and complex solution sales, contributing to a 200% increase in product adoption rate. Certified Technical Sales Professional, eager to bring innovative sales strategies and engineering solutions to TechForward Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a sales engineer resume .

Salon and spa resume summary examples

Give your resume some real pampering with our pro tips on resume building for salon and spa professionals . Or start by exploring our suggestions for summary statements below.

Makeup artist resume summary

Passionate makeup artist with over 5 years of experience in creating diverse and captivating visual stories through makeup artistry, skilled in enhancing natural beauty, and adept at fashioning bold, creative looks for various occasions. Excels in color theory, facial symmetry understanding, and maintaining up-to-date knowledge of makeup products and techniques, resulting in high client satisfaction and repeat business. Certified by the Professional Beauty Association, eager to bring talent and vision to the innovative team at Luxe Aesthetic Studios.

Read our full guide on how to write a makeup artist resume .

Cosmetologist resume summary

Passionate cosmetologist with 8 years of experience, specializing in hair styling, skincare, and makeup application, delivering personalized beauty solutions to clients. Mastered the art of balayage, facial treatments, and bridal makeup, ensuring each client leaves feeling confident and rejuvenated, demonstrated by a consistent 95% client satisfaction rate. Holding a Certificate of Cosmetology from the National Beauty Institute, excited to bring a blend of creativity, skill, and dedication to the vibrant team at Bella Beauty Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a cosmetologist resume .

Hair stylist resume summary

Innovative hair stylist with 5 years of experience, excelling in precision cutting, custom coloring, and styling techniques that cater to clients' individual preferences and lifestyles. Thrives in delivering exceptional customer experiences, demonstrated through a track record of increasing client retention by 40%. Certified in Advanced Hair Design by the Prestige Academy of Beauty, eager to contribute cutting-edge styling trends and passion for hair artistry to the creative team at Avant-Garde Salon.

Read our full guide on how to write a hair stylist resume .

Esthetician resume summary

Experienced aesthetician with extensive experience in providing advanced skincare solutions, expert in chemical peels, microdermabrasion, and laser hair removal, achieving remarkable improvements in skin health and appearance. Specializes in tailoring skincare routines for diverse skin types, leading to a 90% improvement in client skin conditions within the first three months of treatment. Certified by the Aesthetics International Association, ready to deliver exceptional service and cutting-edge treatments to clients at Serene Glow Skincare Sanctuary.

Read our full guide on how to write an esthetician resume .

Science and research resume summary examples

Here are some objective examples of science-related roles  to choose from if you’re looking to write your resume summary.

Scientist resume summary

Progressive scientist with over 10 years of experience in bioinformatics, genetic engineering, and data analysis. Accelerated research and development processes, culminating in the publication of 20+ peer-reviewed articles in prestigious scientific journals. Holds a Certified Laboratory Scientist (CLS) credential, eager to leverage expertise in biotechnological innovations at GenTech Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a scientist resume .

Chemist resume summary

Dedicated chemist with over 8 years of experience specializing in organic synthesis, analytical chemistry, and process optimization. I excel in conducting comprehensive chemical analyses, leading to the development of 3 patented chemical processes. Aiming to apply innovative chemical solutions to environmental challenges at EcoChem Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a chemist resume .

Researcher resume summary

Professional researcher with over 12 years of experience in qualitative and quantitative analysis, statistical modeling, and academic publishing. Master in synthesizing data from diverse sources to uncover actionable insights, evidenced by authorship of 30+ articles in top-tier journals. Ready to drive forward-thinking research projects at Future Insights Lab.

Read our full guide on how to write a researcher resume .

Lab technician resume summary

Detail-oriented lab technician with 5 years of experience in specimen processing, quality control, and laboratory equipment maintenance. Excels in implementing rigorous testing protocols that enhance accuracy and efficiency, resulting in a 15% decrease in processing times. Certified as a Medical Laboratory Technician (MLT), keen to contribute to innovative diagnostic research at HealthTech Diagnostics.

Read our full guide on how to write a lab technician resume .

Lab assistant objective

Efficient lab assistant with 3 years of experience in sample preparation, data collection, and laboratory safety protocols. Supporting complex research projects by maintaining highly organized lab environments, contributing to a 20% increase in project completion rate. Certified Laboratory Assistant (CLA), eager to apply meticulous attention to detail and teamwork skills at Innovatech Research Facilities.

Read our full guide on how to write a lab assistant resume .

Software engineering resume summary examples

Wondering how to translate your technical knowledge and experience  into an easy to understand resume summary? Dive into our suggestions and remember to tailor them to the job position you’re targeting.

DevOps engineer resume summary

Innovative DevOps Engineer with over 5 years of experience in streamlining deployment processes, enhancing system reliability, and automating infrastructure management. Excels in implementing CI/CD pipelines, reducing deployment times by 50%, and leveraging monitoring tools to decrease system downtime by 30%. Certified in AWS Solutions Architect, eager to apply expertise to drive efficiency and innovation at CloudTech Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a DevOps engineer resume .

Software engineer resume summary

Dynamic software engineer with 4 years of experience specializing in developing scalable web applications, optimizing algorithm efficiency, and implementing robust security protocols. Python and JavaScript specialist, achieving a 40% increase in application performance and a 25% reduction in load times. Certified Scrum Master, looking forward to leveraging agile methodologies to foster innovation and efficiency at NextGen Software Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a software engineer resume .

Software architect resume summary

Visionary software architect with experience in designing scalable software architectures, optimizing data processing workflows, and leading cross-functional development teams. Specializes in microservices and cloud computing, achieving a 60% improvement in system scalability and a 40% reduction in operational costs. Certified in TOGAF, eager to apply architectural best practices and strategic planning to drive technological innovation at FutureTech Enterprises.

Read our full guide on how to write a software architect resume .

Angular developer resume summary

Resourceful angular developer with over 6 years of experience specializing in building dynamic, responsive web applications, optimizing front-end performance, and integrating user-centric designs. Expert in TypeScript, RxJS, and state management, resulting in a 35% increase in user engagement and a 50% improvement in page load times. Certified in Angular Development, ready to leverage cutting-edge web technologies to contribute to innovative projects at WebFuture Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a angular developer resume .

Android developer resume summary

Skilled Android developer with over 7 years of experience in crafting intuitive mobile applications, enhancing user interface designs and implementing efficient data storage solutions. Expert in Kotlin, Java, and Android SDK, achieving a 40% increase in application performance and a 30% enhancement in user satisfaction rates. Certified Google Associate Android Developer, eager to utilize deep technical expertise and creative problem-solving skills at MobileInnovate Technologies.

Read our full guide on how to write an Android developer resume .

Sports and recreation resume summary examples

The summary on your sports resume  should serve as a brief, impactful statement that highlights your athletic background, goals, and what you aim to achieve in your career. Here's what a well-crafted sports resume summary might look like:

Yoga instructor resume summary

Passionate yoga instructor with over 5 years of dedicated experience, specializing in Vinyasa, Hatha, and restorative yoga practices. Cultivated a transformative and supportive environment, leading to a 40% increase in class attendance among participants. Certified by the Yoga Alliance, eager to bring expertise in mindfulness and physical well-being to the team at Harmony Wellness Center.

Read our full guide on how to write a yoga instructor resume .

Sports resume summary

Dynamic sports center manager with over 10 years of comprehensive experience in facility management, team leadership, and event coordination. Excelling in strategic planning and operational efficiency, achieving a 25% growth in membership and a 30% increase in event revenue within the last year. Hold a Certified Sports Facility Manager credential and aim to drive success and community engagement at Champion Athletic Complex.

Read our full guide on how to write a sports resume .

Personal trainer resume summary

Dedicated personal trainer with over 8 years of experience specializing in personalized fitness programs, nutritional guidance, and motivational coaching. Developed and implemented workouts that resulted in an average of 50% improvement in clients' fitness levels within the first six months. Certified through the National Academy of Sports Medicine and ready to inspire and elevate the well-being of members at Elite Fitness Studio.

Read our full guide on how to write a personal trainer resume .

Event coordinator resume summary

Innovative sports event coordinator with over 7 years of experience in planning, marketing, and executing high-profile sports events. Spearheaded campaigns that increased event attendance by up to 40% year-over-year, alongside streamlining operations to cut event costs by 20%. Holding a Certified Meeting Professional (CMP) designation, eager to bring a track record of success and a flair for memorable event creation to Global Sports Management Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write an event coordinator resume .

Teaching and education resume summary examples

A teaching and education resume  summary should highlight your relevant qualifications, teaching philosophy, and career goals within the education sector. You should also emphasize your commitment to student development and your expertise in specific subjects or educational methodologies.

Teacher resume summary

Passionate preschool teacher with over 5 years of experience in nurturing young minds and fostering a love of learning through play-based and structured educational activities. Excelling in creating inclusive, engaging, and safe learning environments that accommodate diverse learning styles, resulting in a 30% improvement in classroom engagement. Certified in Early Childhood Education and eager to bring expertise in developmental milestones and creative curriculum design to Little Futures Academy.

Read our full guide on how to write a teacher resume .

Professor resume summary

Progressive literature professor with over 10 years of experience in cultivating critical thinking and analytical skills through the exploration of classic and contemporary texts. Practitioner of interdisciplinary teaching methods that integrate technology and digital resources, enhancing student participation by 40%. Holder of a Ph.D. in English Literature, and looking forward to contributing a rich understanding of literary trends and pedagogical strategies to the vibrant academic community at Global Humanities University.

Read our full guide on how to write a professor resume .

Coaching resume summary

Dynamic school coach with over 8 years of experience in developing student-athletes' physical abilities and sportsmanship. Excels in designing comprehensive training programs that improve team performance by 60% and foster leadership skills among participants. Certified in Sports Psychology, eager to implement innovative coaching strategies and mental toughness training at Champions Academy to enhance both individual and team success.

Read our full guide on how to write a coaching resume .

Paraprofessional resume summary

Compassionate paraprofessional with over 6 years of experience in supporting diverse classroom environments and enhancing student educational achievements. Adept at individualized instruction, behavioral management strategies, and fostering inclusive classroom settings, contributing to a 20% increase in student engagement and participation. Holds a Certification in Special Education Assistance, looking forward to bringing expertise in adaptive learning techniques and collaborative educational planning to the team at Bright Future Educational Center.

Read our full guide on how to write a paraprofessional resume .

Math teacher resume summary

Innovative math teacher with over 12 years of experience in making complex concepts accessible and engaging for students of all skill levels. Specializes in applying technology in the classroom to enhance learning, resulting in a 35% increase in student test scores. Eager to drive excellence in mathematical understanding and problem-solving skills at Tomorrow's Leaders Academy.

Read our full guide on how to write a math teacher resume .

Travel and transportation resume summary examples

Explore our range of  travel and transportation resume  summaries below.

Truck driver resume summary

Dedicated truck driver with over 10 years of experience in long-haul transportation, specializing in efficient route planning and timely delivery of goods. Skilled at maintaining vehicle condition, ensuring safety compliance on all trips, and reducing fuel costs through strategic driving techniques. Hold a valid Commercial Driver's License (CDL) with a clean driving record, eager to bring expertise to the logistics team at Summit Freight Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a truck driver resume .

Driver resume summary

Reliable driver with over 5 years of experience in urban and suburban transportation, known for exceptional navigation skills and a commitment to punctuality. Excelling at customer service, ensuring passenger satisfaction and safety, while efficiently managing time to increase daily ride completions. Certified in Defensive Driving, ready to contribute to the dynamic team at Citywide Rideshare Services.

Read our full guide on how to write a driver resume .

Pilot resume summary

ATP-certified pilot with over 15 years of experience in commercial aviation, adept at navigating complex flight routes and managing in-flight operations with precision. Specializing in aircraft safety procedures, crew coordination, and maintaining composure under pressure to ensure passenger and crew safety. Aiming to elevate flight standards at Global Airways Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a pilot resume .

Flight attendant resume summary

Dedicated flight attendant with over 5 years of experience in providing exceptional in-flight service, managing safety and emergency procedures and ensuring passenger comfort. Excelling at communication and conflict resolution, demonstrated through a track record of handling difficult situations with poise and diplomacy. Holds an FAA Certification in Cabin Crew Training, eager to bring talent to the team at SkyHigh Airlines.

Read our full guide on how to write a flight attendant resume .

Transport manager resume summary

Strategic transport manager with 8 years of experience in optimizing supply chain logistics, improving operational efficiency, and reducing transportation costs. Master in fleet management and route planning, evidenced by a 20% increase in delivery efficiency across national routes. Certified in Supply Chain Management (CSCM), ready to drive success and sustainability at Global Routes Logistics.

Read our full guide on how to write a transport manager resume .

Quality assurance resume summary examples

What should your QA resume  summary include? Highlight your dedication to maintaining the highest standards of product and service quality, your analytical skills, and attention to detail.

Quality control resume summary

Diligent quality control specialist with over 10 years of comprehensive experience in ensuring product excellence and compliance within the manufacturing sector. Utilizing advanced analytical skills to identify discrepancies and implement corrective measures, resulting in a 30% improvement in product quality and consistency. Holds a CQI credential, eager to apply expertise in enhancing operational standards at Innovative Solutions Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a quality control specialist resume .

Test engineer resume summary

Dynamic test engineer with 8 years of expertise in developing and implementing comprehensive testing protocols for software development and hardware integration. Specializing in automated testing tools, enhancing test efficiency by 40%, and reducing bug resolution time by 25%. Certified in ISTQB Test Engineering, ready to leverage testing acumen to drive quality assurance initiatives at TechForward Innovations.

Read our full guide on how to write a test engineer resume .

Quality manager resume summary

Strategic quality manager with 7 years of proven track record in leading quality assurance teams and processes in the pharmaceutical industry. Master in deploying Lean Six Sigma methodologies to streamline operations, achieving a 50% reduction in process variances and a 20% increase in operational efficiency. Holder of a Six Sigma Black Belt certification, aiming to elevate quality standards and patient safety at HealthPioneers Inc.

Read our full guide on how to write a quality manager resume .

QA engineer resume summary

Detail-oriented QA engineer with 5 years of experience specializing in software testing, quality assurance, and process improvement in the tech industry. Developed automated testing scripts that reduce testing time by over 40%, and applying Agile methodologies to enhance team productivity and project delivery timelines. Certified CSTE, ready to bring a commitment to quality and efficiency to the next-generation software projects at FutureTech Solutions.

Read our full guide on how to write a QA engineer resume .

QA analyst resume summary

Analytical QA analyst with over 7 years of experience in quality assurance, specializing in manual and automated testing strategies for web and mobile applications. Expertise in test plan development, execution, and defect tracking leads to a 30% improvement in bug detection rates and a 15% increase in release efficiency. Certified Quality Analyst (CQA), keen on employing meticulous testing methodologies to enhance product quality at Digital Innovations Ltd.

Read our full guide on how to write a QA analyst resume .

We hope this guide showed you how game-changing a well-crafted resume summary can be for standing out in the job application process. Here are the main insights:

• Position your summary at the top of you resume and offer a concise statement of a your qualifications and achievements.
• Tailor the summary to the specific job you’re applying for, highlighting relevant skills and accomplishments with quantifiable results.
• Include keywords from the job description to ensure your resume passes applicant tracking systems and captures hiring managers' attention.
• Use our practical tips for writing a compelling resume summary, including starting with a powerful adjective, including strong action verbs, and avoiding overused buzzwords and personal pronouns.
• For a quickly-crafted resume, get support from Enhancv's resume building app which can simplify the resume creation process.

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If you are creating your first resume, take some time to brainstorm a running list of your skills and experiences. Include every position you’ve had (paid or unpaid), organizations to which you’ve belonged, leadership positions, special projects you’ve initiated, honors or awards, languages you speak, computer skills, special interests or hobbies, travel, and anything else significant.

Resume formatting can be somewhat flexible, but there are a few guidelines that will ensure it is easy to read.

• Font: 11–12 point professional font (like Arial, Calibri, or Times New Roman), with no more than 2 sizes used.
• Margins: 0.5–1 inch margins.
• Length: 1 page ideal, 2 pages maximum for those with significant experience.
• Font Style: Use select font styles (bold, italic, all caps) to highlight important elements, such as headings.
• Description Style: Use basic bullet points rather than paragraphs.
• Spacing: Use white space intentionally but don’t overdo it. Single-space the lines within a set of bullet points. Use 1.5 line space between items in the same section, such as between 2 different jobs in your experience section. Use double line space between sections.

Required Sections

• Header: Place at the top of the page and include your name, email, and phone number. Optional: You can include links (portfolio site, Linkedin profile) or your address.
• Education Section: Include degree title, university name and location, and month/year of graduation (or expected graduation). For most students and new graduates, this section should be first. Optional: Relevant coursework or study abroad information should go here.
• Experience Section: Include position title, organization name, location, and date span (with month and year). The heading for this section can be more specific to your experience, such as Lab Experience or Professional Experience.

Optional/Additional Sections

After the required sections, include any other section that would be helpful to display your skills and experiences related to the specific position:

• Honors/Awards
• Leadership Experience or Activities and Leadership
• Internship Experience
• Additional Experience
• Volunteer Experience

General Notes on Resume Sections

• The first section on the page should be most important and the final section should be least important.
• Within each section, items listed should start with most recent and work backward in time (reverse chronological order).

Show Impact and Results

In the information about each role, focus on the impact and results of your work rather than a description of your responsibilities and tasks. Include quantifiable information where possible. For example, if you led the organization of a student group event, include details like ticket sales (or attendance), the number of performers, or the time it took to pull it together.

View samples of demonstrating skills and competencies, plus a list of strong verbs.

Make It Scannable and Easy to Read

On average, employers spend less than 10 seconds on each resume they are screening. This means that, in order to get a second (longer) look, your resume needs to be scannable, with important and relevant information easy to find without fully reading it.

Get Proofreading Help

Typos can be easy to miss, especially when you’ve read through something many times. Get help checking for typos and other errors. In addition to friends or family helpers, use VMock to catch spelling, spacing, and other presentation mistakes.

Updating Your Resume

Once you have a solid resume, you’ll want to keep it up-to-date so it is ready to use. This can feel daunting if you have a lot to add. To make it easier, update your resume 2–3 times per year. Add new experiences, projects, coursework, activities, and anything else that makes sense for you.

You might also use this opportunity to create more than one version of your resume, particularly if you are interested in a few different fields. Adjust your resume to be as relevant as possible to make the best impression. For example, you might focus on operational impact on one version and customer service on another.

Sample Resumes

• Education resume (pdf) , showing education and student teaching experience plus licensure
• First-year student resume (pdf) , showing high school experience and related coursework
• Graduate student resume (pdf)
• Humanities resume (pdf)
• International graduate student resume (pdf) , showing graduate and undergraduate experience
• Science resume (pdf) , showing research, clinical, and leadership/volunteer experience, plus inclusion of preferred pronouns
• Study abroad experience resume (pdf) , showing study abroad and study abroad internship experience
• Tech resume (pdf) , showing GitHub link, project experience, and technical skills section

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How To Ask For A Letter Of Recommendation For A School Application

Updated: Jul 13, 2023, 3:18pm

Whether you’re a high school student headed to college or a college undergraduate preparing for grad school, letters of recommendation are often a requirement to advance to the next stage of your academic journey.

However, asking a teacher or professor for a letter of recommendation can be intimidating, whether in-person or via email. But fear not—we’ll walk you through the ins and outs of asking for letters of recommendation to help you gain acceptance to the college or graduate school of your choice.

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What Is a Letter of Recommendation?

A letter of recommendation is a formal letter written by someone in a position of authority, such as a teacher, to provide testimony regarding your abilities, achievements and character.

Colleges and universities ask for letters of recommendation because they give admissions officers a well-rounded picture of you. Recommendation letters can provide more insight into your personality and abilities beyond your transcript and extracurriculars and set you apart from other applicants.

The number of recommendation letters you need can vary, so verifying each school’s requirements is important. One to three letters are typically required, but two to three is the standard. Consider two letters as your minimum and a third letter as a backup or supplementary perspective to offer the admissions committee further insight into your qualities and achievements.

Who Should Write Your Recommendation Letter?

Someone who knows you well academically is best suited to write your recommendation letter. Typically professors and teachers fill this role. However, coaches, counselors and club advisors can be potential candidates, especially if they know you in multiple settings, such as in the classroom or an extracurricular club.

Employers or supervisors at your workplace are possibilities for a secondary letter if they have firsthand experience of your abilities and accomplishments.

Remember to review the school’s application requirements to see if they want recommendation letters from specific people, such as a core subject teacher or a school counselor. Letters of recommendation for graduate school may need to come from undergraduate professors.

How to Ask for a Letter of Recommendation

Give plenty of notice.

Teachers usually have multiple recommendation letters to write, so give them as much advance notice as possible. Giving them a month before the due date is the minimum, but providing six to eight weeks of notice is even better.

For high school seniors, the beginning of the school year is an optimum time to ask for recommendations, particularly if you are considering applying for early decision. The more time your references have, the greater your chance of receiving a sincere, thorough letter.

Ask in Person if Possible

If possible, speak with your prospective recommenders in person before you send them your written request for a letter of recommendation. Before your conversation, rehearse and prepare your “pitch” to clearly and succinctly outline the purpose of your application and why you’re seeking their recommendation.

Also, meeting your recommenders in person can help them recall their experience with you in their class, which can be beneficial when they write your letter.

At first, you may feel shy about requesting such a favor. But remember that teachers and professors receive these requests frequently, and writing letters of recommendation is common practice in this field.

Send a Formal Request

Send a well-written request to each person who agreed to write you a letter by email. Your email subject line should read “Request for Letter of Recommendation” or something similar. Remind them of who you are and the college you’re applying to. Provide a deadline and an option to decline your request.

Supply Helpful Materials

Provide a copy of your current resume to the person writing the letter. Consider including a sheet highlighting key school courses or projects you’ve worked on, relevant work experience, specific character attributes or academic accomplishments and any long-term goals relevant to the recommendation. This information can help jog the writer’s memory and provide them with details that can add a more personal touch to the letter of recommendation.

It’s always a good idea to send your references a short, polite reminder one to two weeks before the due date. Following up is also an opportunity to ask if they need additional information from you.

Say Thank You

Send a thank you in writing to everyone who submitted a letter for you. A handwritten note is the best option. Sending your note by email is the next best option. Do not send a thank you note by text message. Lastly, don’t forget to share the good news of your acceptance to the school with your recommenders.

Tips for the Recommendation Letter Process

Waive your right to view.

We recommend waiving your right to view your recommendation on your application form since letters of recommendation are typically considered confidential. Admissions officers may view them as more trustworthy if they know you haven’t seen them.

Prepare for a “No”

No one is obligated to write you a letter of recommendation. People may decline your request for various reasons. For instance, some teachers decide to only write a certain number of recommendations each year and may have reached their quota.

Also, if someone you ask for a reference hesitates, it’s a sign that they aren’t a good fit. They may not know you well enough to speak to your qualifications.

Be prepared with alternatives. If anyone declines your request, take it graciously, thank the person and reach out to the next person on your list. If you don’t have an alternative, a guidance counselor or academic advisor can help you think of someone.

Update Your References

You should update those who have written your letter of recommendation. Your updates can include informing them of your acceptance to a college and other important achievements. Keeping your references updated is a polite gesture since they are essential to the application process.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About How to Ask for a Letter of Recommendation

How do you ask for a letter of recommendation via email.

When writing a letter of recommendation via email, keep it short and formal. Include a direct subject line such as “Request for Letter of Recommendation” and a formal salutation and closing. Use the first paragraph to reintroduce yourself to the recommender and your second paragraph to make the request. Ensure that you provide a clear deadline.

How do you politely ask for a recommendation letter from a professor?

Show your appreciation for your recommender’s time by giving plenty of advance notice. Whether approaching the request in writing or in person, maintain a polite and professional demeanor. Clearly, explain why you have chosen them as a recommender, what information you expect the letter to include and details on where to send the letter.

How long before the due date should you ask for a letter of recommendation?

A generous lead time is essential when asking for a letter of recommendation. Give your letter writers at least one month before the due date—and preferably longer. Ensure the date is clear in all your communication with the recommender.

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What will a robot make of your résumé? The bias problem with using AI in job recruitment

Senior Data Analyst, Massey University

Senior Lecturer in Management, The University of Queensland

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The artificial intelligence (AI) revolution has begun , spreading to almost every facet of people’s professional and personal lives – including job recruitment.

While artists fear copyright breaches or simply being replaced, business and management are becoming increasingly aware to the possibilities of greater efficiencies in areas as diverse as supply chain management, customer service, product development and human resources (HR) management.

Soon all business areas and operations will be under pressure to adopt AI in some form or another. But the very nature of AI – and the data behind its processes and outputs – mean human biases are being embedded in the technology.

Our research looked at the use of AI in recruitment and hiring – a field that has already widely adopted AI to automate the screening of résumés and to rate video interviews by job applicants.

AI in recruitment promises greater objectivity and efficiency during the hiring process by eliminating human biases and enhancing fairness and consistency in decision making.

But our research shows AI can subtly – and at times overtly – heighten biases. And the involvement of HR professionals may worsen rather than alleviate these effects. This challenges our belief that human oversight can contain and moderate AI.

Magnifying human bias

Although one of the reasons for using AI in recruitment is that it is meant to be to be more objective and consistent, multiple studies have found the technology is, in fact, very likely to be biased . This happens because AI learns from the datasets used to train it. If the data is flawed , the AI will be too.

Biases in data can be made worse by the human-created algorithms supporting AI, which often contain human biases in their design .

In interviews with 22 HR professionals, we identified two common biases in hiring: “stereotype bias” and “similar-to-me bias”.

Stereotype bias occurs when decisions are influenced by stereotypes about certain groups, such as preferring candidates of the same gender, leading to gender inequality.

“Similar-to-me” bias happens when recruiters favour candidates who share similar backgrounds or interests to them.

These biases, which can significantly affect the fairness of the hiring process, are embedded in the historical hiring data which are then used to train the AI systems. This leads to biased AI.

So, if past hiring practices favoured certain demographics, the AI will continue to do so. Mitigating these biases is challenging because algorithms can infer personal information based on hidden data from other correlated information.

For example, in countries with different lengths of military service for men and women, an AI might deduce gender based on service duration.

This persistence of bias underscores the need for careful planning and monitoring to ensure fairness in both human and AI-driven recruitment processes.

Can humans help?

As well as HR professionals, we also interviewed 17 AI developers. We wanted to investigate how an AI recruitment system could be developed that would mitigate rather than exacerbate hiring bias.

Based on the interviews, we developed a model wherein HR professionals and AI programmers would go back and forth in exchanging information and questioning preconceptions as they examined data sets and developed algorithms.

However, our findings reveal the difficulty in implementing such a model lies in the educational, professional and demographic differences that exist between HR professionals and AI developers.

These differences impede effective communication, cooperation and even the ability to understand each other. While HR professionals are traditionally trained in people management and organisational behaviour, AI developers are skilled in data science and technology.

These different backgrounds can lead to misunderstandings and misalignment when working together. This is particularly a problem in smaller countries such as New Zealand, where resources are limited and professional networks are less diverse.

Connecting HR and AI

If companies and the HR profession want to address the issue of bias in AI-based recruitment, several changes need to be made.

Firstly, the implementation of a structured training programme for HR professionals focused on information system development and AI is crucial. This training should cover the fundamentals of AI, the identification of biases in AI systems, and strategies for mitigating these biases.

Additionally, fostering better collaboration between HR professionals and AI developers is also important. Companies should be looking to create teams that include both HR and AI specialists. These can help bridge the communication gap and better align their efforts.

Moreover, developing culturally relevant datasets is vital for reducing biases in AI systems. HR professionals and AI developers need to work together to ensure the data used in AI-driven recruitment processes are diverse and representative of different demographic groups. This will help create more equitable hiring practices.

Lastly, countries need guidelines and ethical standards for the use of AI in recruitment that can help build trust and ensure fairness. Organisations should implement policies that promote transparency and accountability in AI-driven decision-making processes.

By taking these steps, we can create a more inclusive and fair recruitment system that leverages the strengths of both HR professionals and AI developers.

• Artificial intelligence (AI)
• New Zealand
• Artificial intelligence and jobs
• Artificial intelligence (AI) bias
• Human resources (HR)

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