essay on sacrifice of zorawar singh and fateh singh

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The story of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh

Col Jaibans Singh

essay on sacrifice of zorawar singh and fateh singh

Some acts and deeds are so profound that they change the course of history! One such is the martyrdom of the two younger sons of the tenth master of the Sikhs, Guru Gobind Singh Ji! The young and innocent boys, Sahibzada (Prince) Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh attained martyrdom on 26, December, 1705, when they were brutally murdered by Wazir Khan the Mughal Governor of Sirhind.

The month of December has a special significance for the Sikh community. It was in this month that the combined forces of the Mughals and the small hill principalities used perfidious deceit to draw out Guru Gobind Singh, his family and followers from the Anandpur Sahib fortress and then sought their destruction. These forces, under Wazir Khan, promised the Guru a safe passage from Anandpur Sahib but attacked them with overwhelming numbers when they came out. The two Sahibzadas’ aged nine years and seven years, along with their grandmother Mata Gurjar Kaur got separated from the main contingent as they left the fort. They were promised refuge by an old retainer named Gangu in his native village Sahedi, but were handed over to the Sirhind administration of the Mughals, in what can be termed as the worst possible breach of trust and faith.

It is notable here that the main contingent of the Sikhs fought to the last man at Chamkaur where Guru Gobind Singh took up a defensive position with a handful of Sikhs. The elder sons of the Guru, Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh attained martyrdom while fighting in the Battle of Chamkaur. The Guru lost his four sons and his mother in the ensuing tragic turn of events, but was saved in person by the bravery and sacrifice of his dedicated followers.

Wazir Khan came back to Sirhind a defeated and frustrated man having failed to kill or arrest the Guru. He would have been filled with fear at the prospect of the Guru’s reprisal for the deceitful manner in which he had behaved. It was against the backdrop of this fear and frustration that he attempted to gain control over the young Sahibzadas’ by converting them to Islam and then keeping them captive in his custody.

In order to achieve his evil objective Wazir Khan subjected the young princes to the worst form of torture and intimidation, he kept them and their grandmother in a Thanda Burj (a cold tower) that was designed to capture the cool night breezes of air drawn over water channels; a perfect place for the summers but very uncomfortable indeed in the middle of winters and that too at night, especially so for the very young Sahibzadas’.

Wazir Khan subjected the princes to a trial in his court which lasted for two days. On the first day the princes were cajoled to embrace Islam and offered immense riches and power on agreeing to do so. The princes rejected the offer with absolute disdain which left Wazir Khan flustered and very angry. On the next day in court he tried to pass of the sentencing to Sher Mohd Khan, the Nawab of Malerkotla, whose two brothers had been killed in battle by Guru Gobind Singh. Sher Mohd Kahn exhibited the highest form of chivalry by refusing to take revenge from ladies and children and advised Wazir Khan to release the Sahibzadas’ and their grandmother.

It was at this stage that Wazir Khan committed the most gruesome act which goes against all tenets of honour and principle. He declared the two innocent boys to be enemies of the Mughal Empire and ordered them to be bricked alive. The execution was slated for the next day.

History chronicles other atrocities and torture being committed on the young boys even as last minute attempts were made to intimidate them into changing their mind and converting to Islam. The courageous princes refused and were incarcerated into the wall. The wall, however, broke down before the boys lost their breath and then was committed the most ghastly acts of all! Wazir Khan ordered the executioners to slit the throats of the young princes. On hearing the news of the martyrdom their grandmother Mata Gurjar Kaur also breathed her last.

The manner in which the two Sahibzadas’ stood against injustice and discrimination has no parallels in the annals of history. The ruthless depravity of their prosecutors constitutes the other side of the spectrum. The courage and fortitude exhibited by the young princes galvanised the Sikh/Khalsa community into rising against persecution and injustice. Guru Gobind Singh Ji charged his disciple, Baba Banda Singh Bahadur, to avenge the murder of the Sahibzadas. Baba Banda Singh Bahadur came from Nanded (in modern day Maharashtra) to Punjab for the ordained task, Sikhs in large numbers joined him. He first took Samana and Sadhaura on the periphery of Sirhind and finally attacked Wazir Khan. The ensuing clash known as the Battle of Chappar Chiri took place on 22 May 1710. It witnessed the larger Mughal forces being crushed by the Sikhs. Wazir Khan was killed in the battle and Sirhind occupied in the next two days.

The martyrdom of the Sahibzadas’ thus heralded the creation of the Sikh Empire from the debris of Mughal as well as the Afghan principalities, changing the very destiny of the South Asian region in general and Punjab in particular. The Sikh Empire created by Maharaja Ranjit Singh, though short lived, is known for a just, benevolent and secular rule based in the tenets of law.

Independent India has witnessed a similar sense of righteous nationalism permeating from the small Sikh community that remains in the forefront of every national endeavour, be it safeguarding of the sovereignty of the nation or contributing to its progress and prosperity. All of this finds motivation, in no small measure, from the story of the young Sahibzadas’

The story of the Sahibzadas’, needs to be disseminated far and wide within India and across the world as a true example of standing up for what is just and righteous. Effort needs to be directed towards this end by the Sikh community and its institutions as also by the Indian government and other cultural bodies of the nation. There is a need institute studies, create literature and make all efforts to disseminate the historical facts in a manner that they motivate all humanity.

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28 thoughts on “ The story of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh ”

Excellent Article though the veracity cannot be confirmed as this part of history may not have been documented accurately. Even then it shows remarkable courage of the two young sons of Guru Gobind Singh ji and his Sikh warriors.

Really their contribution in our independence is pivotal and will be remembered till the world exists.indian people never forget the role and sacrifices they made to make india a free nation

On 26th December , Veer Bal Diwas is celebrated in all schools . Program based on Life history , bravery and extreme sacrifice of Sahibzada Zoravar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh ji is celebrated on this day.

वजीर खान तथा साहिबजादो के बीच जो बातचीत हुई उस का जिक्र कौन से हिंदू, मुस्लिम और सिखों के पुरातन ग्रंथ में लिखा हुआ मिलेगा ? इसके बारे में जरूर बताएं ?

वजीरे खान की कचहरी में जो वार्तालिप साहिबजादो और राजा के बीच हुआ इस वार्ता का जिक्र कौन से हिंदु, मुस्लिम तथा सिखों के ग्रंथ मे से पड सकते हैं। इस के बारे में जरूर बताया जाए ।

The sacrifice made by the two Sahibzadas, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh should be taught in every school history book.

Col sahib U R WRITING IS VERY PRECIOUS & OUTSTANDING FOR SIKH COMMUNITY BUT THIS MARTYR SHOULD NOT KEPT or purview ONLY FOR SIKH .THIS martyr for whole the world , whether Mata Gujri ( Not mata Gujjar Kaur at that time ) change their name as GUJJAR KAUR & TAKES AMRIT . So please don’t change & temper the history for some personal objects . Many saints call mata Gujjar kaur from last 10 yr

They both are very brave ..

This is truly a great sacrifice !!

I Hari Singh Matharu Mob: 9811051484 Coordinator , Sant Sipahi Vichar Manch , strongly protest for your fabricated false date and You are requested to correct it with real date of sacrifice i.e. 13th December 1705 .

This martyrdom … supreme sacrifice for justice is unparalleled. We were taught during childhood and in the family but the text-books those days hardly expressed such bravery of the country. WHY NOT the text-books today should be featuring such facts more vividly for the benefit of generations.

Misleading! Reacting over British war on Turkey and abolition of Caliphate, the Sahibzadas were all Muslims who migrated from Indo-Pakistan subcontinent to Afghanistan and settled there. They were officially granted nationality and permeant residence in Afghanistan.

I will never forget that history. It will always hold up in times to come.

This history should be known to every citizen of the world. Unfortunately we have not learned enough from the history. Even today the same kind of barbarism continues in different forms. Equality is a huge Myth. The silence by good people is causing too much harm and allowing injustice in the society. The politicians are very corrupt and not interested in making this world a better place, rather they are just busy in full filling their own personal interest.

I bow to the steadfastness of the Sahibzadas. Supreme sacrifice for Dharma. I salute them.

Is it true that servent Gangu was brahmin?

yes he was brahmin ..

Why don’t the Govt include such inspiring stories in the indian History books. Every body needs to read such facts in the school level itself. This will instill a strong sense of belongingness and patriotism.

BEST DEFINED SAGA OF CHAAR SAHIBZAADE

No way to verify the authenticity of this tale. Muslims claim similar atrocities. Christians bang on about the Romans massacres of Christians ,yet look at the untold hundreds of millions butchered by Christians from Spain,France Portugal,Italy and UK during empire days! None are faultless. Sikhs and Hindus raped and murdered Muslim women during partition,it was not one sided .

You seem to justify the killing of two young sons of guru Gobind Singh.No doubt such actions on part of rulers were widespread and history contains narration of horrendous acts in name of the religion. But murdering people for refusing to convert was common only in Christianity and more so in Islam. Killing of innocent is forbidden in Islam and yet Wazir Khan and his religious advisors completely ignored the addicts.

We should not celebrate Chritmas .. its our sad day… we lost great boys of great land Bharat

As per http://www.sgpc.net and http://www.dsgmc.in the Martyrdom Day of Baba Zorawar Singh Jee and Baba Fateh Singh Jee is 13 December 1705 . Kindly correct the Date to maintain uniformity of Sikh History .

Kindly visit Fatehgarh sahib gurudwara and you can see the date which is December 26..

Dhan dhan Baba Jorawar Singh ji and Dhan Dhan Baba Fathe Singh ji. Aap ki mahima aprampar aap ji ke charno me apna mastak rakh aap ko namn karu. Aap ki kurbani sun meri akhe paani se bhar aati hai. Aap darshan do muzhe kripya kar ke . Satnam shri Vaheguru ji. Dhan Dhan Mata Gujri ji aap sab se mahan hai aap ne sab kuch desh or dharam pe kurban kar diya . Aap muzhe maaf kar do. Aap ki kurbani sun sareer kamp uthta hai. Mata ji aap amar hai . Amar rahenge jab tak sristi rahegi. Jai mata Gujri ji aap shakti ka sawroop hao. Aap bahut badi shakti hai mata ji dhah dhan mata gujri ji aap ke pairo me me sar rakh kar namaskar karta hu. Kripya muz papi ko darshan do ji

With due respect it’s history not story. Nice effort to recapitulate the sacrifice by indigenous peoples against foreign Invasion.

Inspiring indeed!! was lucky enough to attend Jor Mela that happens every December there.

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Chaar Sahibzaade: The Untold Stories of Chamkaur Sahib’s Heroes

Remembering the Sacrifice: Shaheedi Diwas of Baba Zorawar Singh Ji, Baba Fateh Singh Ji, and Mata Gujar Kaur Ji

On the 26th of December, the Sikh community commemorates the Shaheedi Divas (martyrdom day) of the younger Sahibzaadey, Baba Zoravar Singh (aged 7) and Baba Fateh Singh (aged 5), along with the revered mother of Guru Ji, Mata Gujjar Kaur Ji.

Table of Contents

Understanding the Significance of Shaheedi Diwas

Shaheedi Diwas, or Martyrs’ Day, holds a sacred place in Sikh history, marking the supreme sacrifices made by individuals who fearlessly embraced martyrdom for the sake of righteousness and the Sikh principles. This day is particularly poignant as it allows us to reflect on the valor, unwavering faith, and resilience displayed by those who laid down their lives for the greater good. Among these revered figures are the Chaar Sahibzaade—Baba Ajit Singh, Baba Jujhar Singh, Baba Zorawar Singh Ji, and Baba Fateh Singh Ji. Their selfless devotion to Sikhism and their steadfast courage serve as a beacon, guiding us to delve into the profound importance of Shaheedi Diwas and the enduring legacy it has left on the Sikh community.

Defining Shaheedi

At its core, Shaheedi Diwas is a commemoration of martyrdom, a term deeply rooted in Sikh philosophy. The word “Shaheedi” itself carries a weighty significance, embodying the idea of selfless sacrifice for a just cause. Sikhism teaches that martyrdom is a path to spiritual elevation, and those who embrace it are revered for their courage and commitment to righteousness.

Historical Context

Understanding the historical context surrounding Shaheedi Diwas is crucial. The Sikh community has witnessed numerous instances where individuals, driven by their unwavering faith, chose martyrdom over compromising their principles. The day is especially associated with significant events in Sikh history, such as the sacrifices of Guru Arjan Dev Ji, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji, and the valiant sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji, Baba Zorawar Singh Ji and Baba Fateh Singh Ji.

The Spiritual Dimension

Symbolism in Sikhism

In Sikhism, martyrdom is not viewed as an end but as a continuation of the spiritual journey. It symbolizes the triumph of righteousness over tyranny and the eternal nature of the soul. The Sikh Gurus themselves set powerful examples, emphasizing that one’s commitment to truth should be unyielding, even in the face of adversity.

Spiritual Elevation

Shaheedi Diwas is an occasion to reflect on the spiritual elevation attained by those who willingly faced persecution and death. It is believed that such souls, having demonstrated exceptional courage and devotion, achieve a higher state of consciousness, becoming sources of inspiration for generations to come.

Lessons from Martyrdom

Courage and Conviction

The stories of those who attained martyrdom inspire individuals to cultivate courage and conviction in their own lives. Shaheedi Diwas serves as a reminder that staying true to one’s principles requires immense strength, and the path of righteousness may demand sacrifice. Unity and Solidarity

The commemoration of Shaheedi Diwas fosters a sense of unity and solidarity within the Sikh community. It reinforces the idea that the values upheld by the martyrs are collective treasures, binding the community together in a shared commitment to justice, equality, and compassion.

Contemporary Relevance

Social and Political Relevance

Shaheedi Diwas is not confined to the pages of history; it resonates in contemporary times. The principles for which individuals sacrificed their lives remain relevant, serving as a moral compass for addressing social injustices and advocating for human rights.

Inspirational Leadership

Leadership inspired by the spirit of martyrdom is transformative. Individuals who draw inspiration from the sacrifices made on Shaheedi Diwas contribute to positive societal change, standing against oppression and upholding the values of justice and equality.

Commemoration Rituals and Practices

Kirtan and Katha

Shaheedi Diwas is commemorated with religious fervor, including recitation of Gurbani, kirtan (devotional singing), and katha (narration of Sikh history). These rituals not only pay homage to the martyrs but also provide an opportunity for spiritual reflection.

Langar Sewa

Community service, particularly in the form of langar sewa (serving free meals), is an integral part of Shaheedi Diwas observances. It symbolizes the Sikh principles of selfless service and equality.

Shaheedi Diwas is not just a historical event but a living tradition that continues to shape the identity and ethos of the Sikh community. It serves as a testament to the indomitable spirit of those who, in the face of adversity, chose martyrdom over compromise. As we commemorate Shaheedi Diwas, let us draw inspiration from the selfless sacrifices of the martyrs and strive to embody the principles they upheld — a commitment to truth, justice, and the well-being of humanity.

Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s Courage at Anandpur Sahib: A Stand Against Adversity

In the historical backdrop of Anandpur Sahib, the courageous Tenth Guru of the Sikhs, Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji, resided alongside his followers and Sahibzadas within the fortress. It was at this sacred site that Guru Sahib, on the auspicious day of Vaisakhi in 1699, instituted the Khalsa and bestowed the blessings of equality, vehemently rejecting all forms of discrimination.

Pahari Raaje and Mughal Army Besiege Anandpur Sahib:

However, the establishment of the Khalsa and the promotion of equality aroused jealousy among the Hindu Kings of the Hills, commonly known as Pahari Raaje, and the Mughal Emperor. This resentment culminated in a joint military offensive against Anandpur Sahib. The combined forces of the Mughal and Pahari Raaje surrounded the Qila (fortress) of Anandpur Sahib, presenting Guru Sahib with an ultimatum to vacate the fort. This marked the beginning of a challenging chapter in Sikh history, testing the resilience and fortitude of Guru Gobind Singh Ji and his devoted followers.

Broken Oaths and the Tragic Exodus from Anandpur Sahib

Assurance of Safe Passage Betrayed:

The Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and the Hindu Kings of the Hills, the Pahari Raaje, conveyed a solemn message, accompanied by an oath, assuring Guru Sahib Ji and the Sikh community that if they abandoned the fortress of Anandpur Sahib, they would be granted safe passage to go wherever they desired.

Guru Ji’s Reluctant Departure:

Despite harboring doubts, Guru Gobind Singh Ji, influenced by the pleas of his devoted Sikhs, reluctantly agreed to vacate the fort. Unfortunately, the unfolding events mirrored the Guru’s initial apprehensions.

Family Separation at Sirsa River:

Amidst the chaos of battle, the family of Guru Gobind Singh Ji became tragically separated at the Sirsa River. This heart-wrenching incident is commemorated today by the Gurudwara Parivar Vichora, marking the poignant separation of the Guru’s family. The two younger sons, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh, along with Guru Ji’s revered old mother, Mata Gujri Ji, embarked on a perilous journey through dense forests and challenging terrains.

Betrayal Unleashed: As the Sikhs exited the fort, the Mughal Army immediately launched an assault, breaking their sworn promises. A fierce battle erupted on the banks of the Sirsa River, where valiant Sikhs exhibited unparalleled courage, taking down several Mughal soldiers before making the ultimate sacrifice.

Chamkaur Battle

After parting ways, Guru Gobind Singh and the two elder Sahibzadas, Baba Ajit Singh and Baba Jujhar Singh, reached Chamkaur.

The Battle of Chamkaur, also recognized as the Battle of Chamkaur Sahib or the Second Battle of Chamkaur, transpired between the Khalsa, commanded by Guru Gobind Singh, and the coalition forces of the Mughals led by Wazir Khan and Hindu hill chiefs. Guru Gobind Singh later alludes to this battle in his letter, Zafarnama.

After the sacrifice of 35 Sikhs in the battlefield of Chamkaur, Guru Gobind Singh’s elder son, Ajit Singh, prepared to join the fight. While Guru Ji personally trained him, the younger son, Jujhar Singh, began to cry. Not out of fear of going to battle, but because being younger, he lamented not being given the opportunity earlier. Their martyrdom is a golden chapter in Sikh history.

The Battle of Chamkaur lasted for two consecutive days, with Sikhs witnessing one martyr after another. Inspired by the sacrifices, the elder Sahibzadas also sought permission to join the battle. Guru Gobind Singh granted them permission to engage in the fight. Subsequently, the Sahibzadas began to inflict heavy casualties on the Mughal soldiers one by one. However, after some time, both Sahibzadas attained martyrdom in the battle.

Leading up to the Battle

After departing from Anandpur Sahib on the night of December 5 or 6, 1704, Guru Gobind Singh, accompanied by his disciples, crossed the Sarsa River. During their crossing, they were ambushed by Mughal and hill chief forces. Seeking refuge for the night in the garhi or haveli of the city chief, Guru Gobind Singh and his followers were initially denied permission. However, his younger brother granted the Sikhs shelter in the haveli.

The Battle Unfolds

Despite assurances of safe conduct, Mughal soldiers, eager to claim Guru Gobind Singh’s head as a trophy, besieged the haveli where the Sikhs sought shelter. The actual battle reportedly occurred outside the haveli where Guru Gobind Singh was resting. In the midst of the battle, a council of Panj Piare advised the Guru to leave the battlefield to safeguard his life and continue leading the Sikhs. Following their counsel, negotiations failed, and Sikh soldiers confronted the overwhelming Mughal forces, allowing their Guru to escape. To deceive the Mughals, another Sikh, Sangat Singh, donned Guru’s attire and stayed with the soldiers. Unfortunately, the remaining Sikhs were killed by Mughal forces the next morning.

Guru Gobind Singh ji also wanted to participate in this battle, but other Sikhs, utilizing their authority, prevented Guru Sahib from entering the battlefield and asked him to leave. Guru Sahib had to leave forcibly. After this, he fought in the Sikh field and became a martyr. After leaving from there, Guru Gobind Singh ji reached a village where he met Bibi Harsharan Kaur, who held great reverence for the Guru.

When she learned about the martyrdom of Sikhs and Sahibzadas in the battle, she quietly reached Chamkaur and began the last rites of the martyrs, against the wishes of the Mughals who wanted to feed their corpses to vultures. As soon as the Mughal soldiers saw Bibi Harsharan Kaur, they also handed her over to the fire, and she too became a martyr.

Expressing pride in his sons who died in battle, Guru Gobind Singh stated that he had ‘thousands of sons – the Singhs.’ He also conveyed his distrust in Aurangzeb due to the broken vow he took on the Quran.

Zafarnama, meaning “Epistle of Victory,” is a letter written by Guru Gobind Singh to the then Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. It vividly recounts the events at Chamkaur and holds Aurangzeb accountable for the occurrences and promises he broke. Following his escape from Chamkaur, the exhausted Guru, carried by two Pathans named Ghani Khan and Nabi Khan, reached Jatpur. There, he was received by a local Muslim chieftain and later proceeded to Dina, where he stayed at the house of Mayi Desan ji, composing the “Zafarnama” in Persian, consisting of 111 verses.

Gurudwara Parivar Vichora

Amidst the tumultuous battleground, the family of Guru Gobind Singh Ji faced a heart-wrenching separation at the Sirsa River. Notably, Gurudwara Parivar Vichora now stands as a poignant memorial at this historic site, commemorating the tragic dispersion of the Guru’s family.

The two younger sons, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh, accompanied by Guruji’s revered mother, Mata Gujri Ji, embarked on a courageous journey through dense forests and challenging terrains.

Journey of the Chotte Sahibzade through the Jungle: Encountering wild animals, including lions and snakes, the brave Sahibzadas fearlessly pressed on, guided by their grandmother. Amidst this perilous journey, they recited the sacred hymns of their Gurus, finding solace in the stories of Sikh History narrated by their grandmother. Their unwavering spirit allowed them to traverse the journey comfortably.

Vadde Sahibzade Cross the River to Chamkaur di Garhi:

On the other hand, the two elder brothers, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Ji and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh Ji, accompanied their father, Guru Gobind Singh Ji. After crossing the Sirsa River, they spent the night at Ropar and reached Chamkaur di Garhi, the Little Fort of Chamkaur, early the next morning.

Mata Ji and Chotte Sahibzade Find Shelter at Kuma’s Cottage: Following an arduous journey, Mata Gujri Ji and the two young Sahibzadas sought refuge at the humble abode of Kuma, a devoted Muslim water carrier. Overwhelmed by Mata Ji’s presence, Kuma, with folded hands, requested her to bless his cottage by staying there for the night. Pleased with his devotion and as darkness fell, Mata Ji decided to halt there for the night.

Gangu’s Persuasion and Midnight Betrayal: The next morning, Gangu, a former cook of Guru Ghar, arrived and urged Mata Ji to accompany him to his village, assuring her safety from the Emperor’s officials. Despite initial reluctance, Mata Ji, on persistent requests, agreed. Laden with their belongings on a pony, they set out for Gangu’s village. The young Sahibzadas, Zorawar Singh Ji and Fateh Singh Ji, walked alongside their grandmother, inquiring about their father and elder brothers.

Arrival in Village Kheri and Gangu’s Greed: After a day-long journey, they reached the village Kheri. In Gangu’s house, Mata Ji settled their belongings in a room corner, and Sahibzadas Zorawar Singh Ji and Fateh Singh Ji changed into fresh clothes, recited evening prayers, and slept in their grandmother’s embrace. However, at midnight, Gangu attempted to steal gold coins from Mata Ji’s possession.

Confrontation with Gangu and False Accusations: The next morning, as Mata Ji discovered the theft, Gangu feigned ignorance and rushed out, falsely claiming a theft. Mata Ji, trying to pacify him, even offered to let him keep the gold coins. However, Gangu, angered by suspicion, accused Mata Ji and created a commotion, shouting about the alleged theft.

Gangu Reports to the Police: Refusing to listen to reason, Gangu left for the Morinda Police station, reporting to the Kotwal that Guru Gobind Singh’s mother and two sons were hiding in his house. His intention was to keep the stolen gold coins for himself after the arrest of Mata Ji and Sahibzade.

Police Raid on Village Kheri: The Kotwal, pleased with this information, dispatched constables with Gangu to arrest them. When the constables arrived at Gangu’s house, they found Mata Gurji Ji and the two Sahibzadas sitting calmly. They informed them of the Kotwal’s orders for their arrest. Subsequently, Mata Ji and the Sahibzadas were taken into custody by the police.

Mata Ji and Sahibzade’s Stoic Acceptance of Arrest: In the haunting image captured at the police station, Mata Gujri Ji tenderly embraced her two Sahibzadas, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji, who stood ready to face the impending ordeal. Accompanied by constables, the trio walked through a small crowd gathered outside Gangu’s house. Gangu, with downcast eyes, faced the curses of people who condemned his dishonesty and betrayal.

Public Outcry and Divine Composure: Witnessing the scene, a woman expressed her disdain for Gangu, highlighting the treachery of bringing Mata Ji and Sahibzadas to his house only to inform the authorities later. The public wondered why these innocent Sahibzadas and revered Mata Ji were being escorted to the police station. However, there was no fear on their faces; instead, they walked with grace and divine composure, leaving a lasting impression on onlookers.

Night in Police Custody: At the police station, Mata Gujri Ji and the two Sahibzadas were lodged in the Kotwali for the night. Despite the dire circumstances, the brothers listened to tales of bravery, including the unique martyrdom of Sri Guru Arjun Dev Ji and Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji, narrated by their affectionate grandmother. The trio joined in reciting the sacred evening Nitnem, Sikh daily prayers – Rehraas and Kirtan Sohila – before retiring for the night.

Journey to Bassi Police Station: The news of their arrest spread rapidly, drawing large crowds along the way. People marveled at the sight of the young, innocent Sahibzadas being arrested with their venerable grandmother. The fearless demeanor of the Sahibzadas garnered admiration, with onlookers expressing, “They are the brave sons of their brave father.” The constables, uneasy under the scrutiny, hastened their pace, and the cart-driver urged the bullocks to move swiftly towards Sirhind.

Lodging at Thanda Burj, Sirhind: On reaching Sirhind, they were lodged for the night in Thanda Burj, a tower with no walls to shield them from the chilling December breeze. The cold nights were challenging, but the unwavering spirit of Mata Ji and the Sahibzadas remained resilient.

Devotee’s Heroic Act – Baba Moti Ram Mehra Ji: In a remarkable display of devotion, Baba Moti Ram Mehra Ji risked his life to send milk for Mata Ji and the Sahibzadas. This act of service is remembered among Sikhs with the saying, “Dhan Moti Jis Punn Kamaya – Gur-Laalan taain Dudh Piaya” (Baba Moti Ram Mehra Ji’s service is great; he fed milk to the children of Guru Sahib Ji). Unfortunately, Emperor Sirhind later ordered Baba Moti Ram Ji’s execution, along with his family, for his service and devotion to Mata Ji and Sahibzade. They were martyred (Shaheedi) by being crushed in a mill roller.

Baba Moti Ram Mehra (late 17th century – early 18th century) was a devout Hindu disciple and a servant of Guru Gobind Singh. He fearlessly entered Thanda Burj, a cold tower, in a dramatic manner to successfully provide milk to Mata Gujri Ji and the Sahibzadas. Gujri, along with Baba Zorawar Singh and Baba Fateh Singh, the two young sons (Sahibzadas) of Guru Gobind Singh, had been imprisoned by the Mughal Governor Wazir Khan of Sirhind for three nights.

Moti Ram was born into a Punjabi Jhinwar family, and his parents were Bholi and Hariya Ram. His uncle, Himmatt Rai Ji, was a member of the first Panj Pyare. On December 27, 1704, the Sahibzadas were martyred, and Mata Gujri Ji decided to leave for the heavenly abode. She made arrangements for their cremation with sandalwood. Someone informed the Nawab that his servant had served milk and water to the prisoners. The Nawab ordered the arrest of Baba Moti Ram Mehra, his mother, wife, and son. Despite facing capture, Moti Ram courageously told the Nawab that serving the imprisoned children and their grandmother was his sacred duty. Therefore, Baba Moti Ram Mehra, along with his family, was squeezed to death in a Kolhu (oil press) in Kohlu (oil press) for his sacrifice.

His sacrifice and teachings were later remembered by Baba Banda Singh Bahadur. Baba Moti Ram Mehra’s followers and relatives formed the Amar Shaheed Baba Moti Ram Mehra Charitable Trust. A memorial Gurudwara, known as Baba Moti Ram Mehra Memorial Gate, was constructed by the trust, situated 200 meters in front of Rauza Sharif, near Gurudwara Fatehgarh Sahib. The land for the memorial was donated by the Bhoomi Shiromani Gurudwara Prabandhak Committee. The Sikhs hold Baba Moti Ram Mehra in high regard for his selfless service and sacrifice. The memorial gate was constructed by the Punjab government in honor of his great sacrifice.

Transmission of Ancestral Narratives – Baabaniya-Kahaniya: In the sacred confines of their tumultuous journey, Sahibzada Baba Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Baba Fateh Singh Ji found solace in the repository of ancestral stories, Baabaniya-Kahaniya, shared by their venerable grandmother. These sakhis (true stories) unraveled the tapestry of Sikh history, recounting the teachings and sacrifices of Guru Nanak Sahib Ji, the shaheedi (martyrdom) of Guru Arjun Dev Sahib Ji, and the valorous stand of Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib Ji. Enthralled by the ideals set by the Gurus, the young Sahibzadas, with unwavering determination, assured Mata Ji that they would steadfastly adhere to their faith and tread the illustrious path laid by their father, Guru Gobind Singh Ji.

Summons to Nawab Wazir Khan’s Court: The next morning, the somber arrival of police constables signaled a fateful summons for Sahibzada Baba Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Baba Fateh Singh Ji to appear before Nawab Wazir Khan’s court. Inquisitive about the purpose behind this summons, Mata Ji received no insight; the constables merely professed obedience to orders. Despite the looming uncertainty, Mata Ji, in her love for her grandsons, blessed them and implored them to uphold the sacred traditions of the Gurus. The Sahibzadas, displaying unwavering resolve, departed cheerfully in the company of the constables, bound for the court.

Symbolic Defiance – Saadi Jutti Dian Nokan Ne: As the Sahibzadas approached the closed gate of the court, a deliberate architectural setup awaited them, designed to enforce a symbolic act of submission. The only entry point was a small window, strategically positioned to necessitate bowing down before entering. Recognizing the Mughals’ plan to portray them bowing before imperial power, the intelligent Sahibzadas foiled this narrative. Instead, they boldly placed their feet forward, defying the expected gesture, and leaped through the window without bowing their heads. This act carried a profound symbolic message, asserting that the Sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the Little Khalsas, held Mughal power beneath the soles of their shoes.

Triumphant Greeting – Gur Fateh Gajayee: Entering Nawab Wazir Khan’s court, the two Sahibzadas greeted the assembly with the resonant call of victory – “Wahguru Ji Ka Khalsa, Wahguru Ji Ki Fateh,” echoing through the halls. This proclamation of the Khalsa as God’s own and the victory belonging to God reverberated through the court, setting the stage for the unfolding confrontation between the young defenders of Sikh faith and the Mughal authority.

Unexpected Courage in the Court: The court, filled with important people, including Nawab Wazir Khan, was caught off guard by the unexpected boldness of the Sahibzadas. Dressed in saffron shirts, adorned with small swords around their wrists, the young Sahibzadas appeared both sweet and resolute.

Nawab’s Persuasion Attempt: Nawab Wazir Khan, seemingly affectionate, addressed the Sahibzadas, expressing pride that their youthful and brave faces would be an asset to Islam. He proposed that if they recited the Kalma (Muslim teachings), they would be welcomed into the Islamic fold, promising them anything they desired.

Sikhi’s Unwavering Stand: However, the Sahibzadas, undeterred, replied firmly, “We don’t care about worldly wealth. We will not abandon our religion at any cost.” Their resolute declaration, “Saada Ser Jaave tan Jaave, par Saada Sikhi Sidak Naa Jaave” (We can lay our lives but cannot leave Sikhi), was like a strong rebuke to Nawab Wazir Khan. Though annoyed, the Nawab chose to remain silent.

Nawab’s Frustration and Qazi’s Intervention: In discussions with the Qazi (Muslim priest), Nawab Wazir Khan expressed his frustration, considering the Sahibzadas as rebels who needed punishment. The Qazi, however, asserted that, according to Islamic law, the boys were not guilty of any crime. The Nawab, irritated by their perceived insolence, was taken aback by the unexpected support from the Qazi.

Unyielding Sahibzadas and Continued Threats: Despite the Qazi’s stance, Nawab Wazir Khan persisted, attempting to convince the Sahibzadas that they were still young and should enjoy life. He promised them a life of pleasure and a glorious afterlife in Paradise if they followed his advice. The Sahibzadas, however, stood firm, fearlessly declaring, “We are fighting against tyranny and injustice. We are ready for all sacrifices for the protection of our Sikhi.”

Nightly Strength from Mata Gujri Ji’s Stories: Each evening, after being brought back to Thanda Burj, the Sahibzadas found solace in listening to stories (Sakhis) from Mata Gujri Ji. Despite the daily threats and pressures in the court, the Sahibzadas remained resolute, unwavering in their commitment to Sikhi.

Encounter with Dewan Sucha Nand: In the following court session, Dewan Sucha Nand, a Moghul government official, approached the Sahibzadas, posing questions to gauge their intentions.

Sucha Nand’s Inquiry: Sucha Nand: “If you are set free, where will you go?”

Resolute Sahibzadas: Sahibzadas: “We will venture into the forests, reunite with fellow Sikhs, acquire strong horses, and return to confront you and your army on the battlefield.”

Unyielding Faith in Father’s Safety: Sucha Nand: “Do you know your father has been killed?”

Sahibzadas’ Firm Belief: Sahibzadas: “No one can harm our revered father. He will never fall into your hands.”

Defiant Declaration: In a resounding and defiant tone, the Sahibzadas proclaimed, “We don’t need advice from you. Listen carefully. Until this tyrannical government is completely eradicated, we will persist in our fight.”

Controversial Remark by Sucha Nand: Dewan Sucha Nand, taken aback, turned to the Nawab and remarked, “Sir, killing the serpent and feeding its young ones would not be wise. These young kids, when grown, will rebel against the government. They must be punished and should, under no circumstances, be released.” He controversially added, “Sons of snakes also bite like snakes; they should be eliminated.”

Consultation Among Nawab, Sucha Nand, and Qazi: While the Nawab, Sucha Nand, and the Qazi engaged in a conversation, the Sahibzadas, seemingly unaffected, continued conversing playfully with each other. The courtiers were astonished at their lack of fear, considering the gravity of their situation.

Dreadful Verdict by Qazi: Nawab, expressing concern to the Qazi, said, “You’ve heard their impertinent responses to Dewan Sucha Nand. It wouldn’t be safe to release them. They are likely to lead a rebellion, just like their father when they grow up.”

Harsh Sentence by Qazi: After careful consideration, the Qazi pronounced a harsh judgment, ordering that the Sahibzadas be bricked up alive in a wall.

Unwavering Resolve of Sahibzadas: While the courtiers were taken aback by the severe verdict, the Sahibzadas faced it without dismay, exhibiting unwavering strength and resolve.

Role of Nawab of Malerkotla: The Qazi suggested to Nawab Wazir Khan that the Sahibzadas be handed over to the Nawab of Malerkotla to execute the sentence. The Qazi believed that since the Nawab’s brother had lost his life at the hands of Guru Gobind Singh Ji, this would be an opportunity for revenge.

“Hand over the Sahibzadas to the Nawab of Malerkotla; he will seek vengeance from Guru Gobind Singh Ji by ending the lives of the Sahibzadas,” urged the Qazi.

Nawab Sher Mohammad and Qazi’s Proposal: Nawab Wazir Khan summoned Sher Mohammad, the Nawab of Malerkotla. The Qazi informed Nawab Malerkotla of the sentence, emphasizing the chance to avenge his brother’s death.

“The Qazi has sentenced these two sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji to death and has ordered that they be bricked alive. We are entrusting them to you for the necessary action,” conveyed Nawab Wazir Khan. Sher Mohammad Khan was left stunned upon hearing this proposal.

Nawab of Malerkotla’s Ethical Stand: Nawab of Malerkotla (Sher Mohammad Khan) objected, stating, “This is cruelty! My brother met his fate on the battlefield. These innocent boys are not accountable for his death. If revenge is sought, it should be from the father. May God save us from this sinful act.” In a mournful tone, he expressed, “O God, how cruel!”

Sahibzadas Returned to Thanda Burj: Subsequently, the Nawab ordered the Sahibzadas to be returned to the tower. He instructed officials to arrange executioners to brick them alive between two walls, which were to be constructed immediately. The Sahibzadas reported the court proceedings to their grandmother, Mata Gujri Ji. She embraced her grandsons, commending their courageous stand and remarked, “You have rightfully upheld the dignity and honor of your revered grandfather and your valiant father. May God always abide with you.”

Nawab’s Final Proposal: The following morning, the Sahibzadas were escorted to the Nawab’s court once again. The Nawab reiterated, “I hope you have decided to embrace Islam; otherwise, as you know, you will face being bricked up alive.”

Sahibzadas Firm Rejection: In response, both Sahibzadas fearlessly declared, “We will never abandon our faith, regardless of the consequences. Death holds no fear for us.” The Nawab was astounded by their resolute and unwavering response.

Royal Executioners’ Offer: An official stepped forward, informing the Nawab that Shashal Beg and Bashal Beg, the two royal executioners from Delhi, were present and willing to carry out the order if granted a pardon. The Nawab granted them clemency under the condition that they brick up the two sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji alive.

Cruel Observations from the Crowd: As the constables escorted the Sahibzadas, a large crowd gathered, expressing their dismay. Questions arose about the innocence of the young sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji.

“What crime have they committed?” one questioned.

“How cruel and inhuman are Mughal rulers. O God!” exclaimed another.

“But they are not terrified,” noted a lady in the crowd.

“They are brave sons of their brave father, Guru Gobind Singh Ji,” remarked another lady.

The constables, perturbed by these comments, hastened their pace.

Site of Martyrdom: The Sahibzadas were brought to the designated spot where a wall was to be erected. They stood side by side in preparation.

Qazi’s Final Attempt: The Qazi arrived and made a final attempt to persuade them to embrace Islam, hoping to dissuade them from sacrificing their lives. The Qazi believed that the Sahibzadas, being young children, might fear a horrifying death and choose Islam over Sikhism.

Sahibzadas’ Urgent Request: In response, the Sahibzadas urged, “Raise the wall quickly. This will hasten the end of the Mughal Raj. Don’t delay for a minute.”

Rising of the Blood-Stained Wall: Following this, both Sahibzadas began reciting Jap Ji Sahib as the wall gradually rose brick by brick. The construction continued until it reached their chests.

Last Offering from Nawab and Qazi:

Approaching the Sahibzadas, the Nawab and Qazi spoke to them affectionately, “You still have time to save your lives. Just recite the Kalma, and the wall will be immediately pulled down.”

“Death Cannot Frighten Us” – Sahibzadas:

The Sahibzadas responded loudly, “We will not abandon our faith; death does not frighten us.” The steadfast determination of the Sahibzadas astonished both the Nawab and Qazi.

Tears welled up in the eyes of onlookers as they remarked, “Blessed is their mother who gave birth to such children.” The wall continued to rise, reaching shoulder height.

Final Exchange of Words between Sahibzadas:

Sahibzada Zorawar Singh spoke to his younger brother, “They are testing us. They do not realize that the Sikhs of Guru Nanak are fearless. Our Fifth Guru, Arjan Dev Ji, faced martyrdom cheerfully on burning iron pans. He not only guided humanity towards a truthful and noble life but also set an example of facing death boldly and with unwavering faith in God.”

The younger brother, Sahibzada Fateh Singh, remarked, “The martyrdom of our revered grandfather, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji, was also unique. We shall soon join him. He is waiting for us.”

Sahibzadas Bricked Alive:

Subsequently, both Sahibzadas lost consciousness. The executioners, becoming nervous, conferred with each other. “They are nearing the end. There is no need to raise the wall further. Why not shorten their agony by beheading them? It is already getting dark.”

Martyrdom (Shaheedi):

As the wall fell, the unconscious Sahibzadas were brought out, laid flat on the ground, and instantly embraced martyrdom.

The onlookers in the crowd were shocked by this horrifying act, expressing their dismay, “What cruelty!”

In Fatehgarh Sahib, the incident of Guru Gobind Singh’s Sahibzadas choosing to face the wall before being bricked was a moment of pride for the Sikh community. As the wall was being constructed, the Sahibzadas began reciting ‘Japji Sahib.’ Once the wall was complete and cheers were heard from inside, it was broken, and although the children were alive, they were forcibly killed. On the other hand, upon hearing the news of the martyrdom of the Sahibzadas, Mata Gujri Ji, Guru Gobind Singh’s mother, expressed gratitude to the Almighty for this proud sacrifice and embraced martyrdom.

Mata Ji’s Departure: Upon the martyrdom of the two Sahibzadas, Mata Gujri Ji, who had been meditating in the tower, breathed her last.

Mata Gujri (1624-1705), formally known as Mata Gujar Kaur, held a significant role in the Sikh community. She was the devoted wife of the ninth Sikh Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur, and the mother of the tenth and final human Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh. Additionally, she was the grandmother of the four Sahibzade. Born in 1624 to Bhai Lal Chand Subulikka and Bishan Kaur, a deeply religious couple from Kartarpur in the present-day Kapurthala district of Punjab, Mata Gujri played a crucial role in the evolution of the Sikh faith. Her life was intertwined with sacrifice and martyrdom. As the wife of Guru Tegh Bahadur, who became a supreme martyr, and the mother of Guru Gobind Singh, a courageous saint-soldier, Mata Gujri’s lineage continued with four remarkable grandchildren who all attained martyrdom at tender ages—6, 9, 14, and 18 years. During the flight from Anandpur, Mata Gujri took on the guardianship of the two younger Sahibzade and remained close to them. Unfortunately, they were imprisoned in the Thanda Burj of Sirhind. At the age of 81, she faced martyrdom upon learning of the execution of her youngest grandsons, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh. Her unwavering commitment to her faith and her sacrifices have left an indelible mark on Sikh history.

The messenger bearing the news of the Sahibzads’ martyrdom discovered that Mata Ji had already attained salvation.

Outrage Against the Cruel Mughal Empire: A great commotion swept through the town of Sirhind. The populace was incensed by this atrocious crime, unanimously believing that it signaled the downfall of the Moghul Empire.

The courage and steadfastness of the brave sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji were widely admired. Observers remarked, “What determination at such a young age! They did not waver from their position despite numerous temptations from the Nawab and Qazi.”

Devotion of Diwan Todar Mal: Later that evening, Dewan Todar Mal, a devoted Sikh and a jeweler, approached Nawab Wazir Khan’s court, seeking permission to cremate the bodies of the two Sahibzadas and Mata Gujri Ji.

The Nawab granted permission under the condition that Dewan paid for the necessary land by covering the entire spot with as many gold coins as possible.

Dewan Todar Mal accepted the terms, bringing bagfuls of gold coins. He marked the site, spreading coins across the selected land. When he began laying coins, Wazir Khan suggested placing them vertically in a standing form to maximize coverage.

Gurudwara Jyoti Saroop Sahib: The two martyred sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji were cremated with full honors, alongside their grandmother. Today, Gurudwara Jyoti Saroop Sahib stands at the place where the Sahibzadas were cremated.

Two younger Sahibzadas and Mata Gujri were cremated by a devout Sikh, Diwan Todar Mal, at a spot, know known as Joyti Saroop Gurudwara.

Unparalleled Martyrdom: The martyrdom of these young boys in December 1705 is unparalleled in human history. Sahibzada Baba Fateh Singh Ji was seven years old, and Sahibzada Baba Zorawar Singh Ji was nine years old. Despite being bricked alive, they refused to bow before the tyranny of the Mughal government.

Martyrdom Uprooting the Mughal Raj: Upon hearing the news of his younger sons’ martyrdom, Guru Gobind Singh Ji, in the forests of Machhiwara, pulled out a plant with the tip of his arrow, prophesying that this tragedy would mark the uprooting of the Mughal Empire.

Guru Gobind Singh Ji addressed his followers, stating, “The Sahibzadas are sacrificed for the survival of the thousands of my children who are still alive” (all Sikhs are considered Guru Gobind Singh’s sons and daughters).

Nawab’s Tragic Turn of Fate

The Nawab’s troubles extended beyond his political challenges. His wife, Zai-bul-nisa, affectionately known as Zaina Begum, faced a tragic fate. Despite being abducted on her way to marriage, she was married off to a young man in Sirhind. However, after the Nawab’s ruthless orders regarding the Sahibzadey, the Begum, distressed by the events, confronted the Nawab and took her own life by stabbing herself with a poniard.

Following the death of Aurangzeb, his sons engaged in a power struggle for the imperial throne. Seeking Guru Gobind Singh’s assistance, the eldest son, Bahadur Shah, emerged victorious, becoming the Emperor. He honored the Guru in Agra, and together, they traveled to the South.

While Guru Ji camped at Nanaded, Bahadur Shah continued his journey further south. During this time, Guru Ji encountered a Kashmiri hermit named Madho Das Lachhaman Das Bairagi. Impressed by Guru Ji, Madho Das became his disciple after taking Amrit. Renamed Banda Singh Bahadar, he was entrusted by Guru Ji with the leadership of his men, along with weapons and letters for the Sangat to fulfill his mission. Additionally, five Sikhs were sent to assist Banda Singh as needed.

Baba Banda Singh and the Erasure of Sirhind: In time, Guru Gobind Singh Ji blessed Baba Banda Singh Bahadur, who shook the Mughal Empire, erasing Sirhind and establishing the first Great Sikh Raaj. Today, Sirhind is renamed Fatehgarh Sahib after the youngest Sahibzada Baba Fateh Singh Ji, and Gurudwara Fatehgarh Sahib stands at the place where the Sahibzadas were bricked alive and martyred.

Victory in Sirhind and Dispensing Justice

In the year 1710, Baba Banda Singh Bahadur successfully captured Sirhind and ensured justice by punishing those accountable for committing heinous acts. The perpetrators of the atrocities against the Sahibzaade and Bhai Moti Ram’s family faced consequences. Sucha Nand, the wrongdoer, was subjected to a beating, had a bull’s ring inserted into his nose, and was compelled to beg from the very people he had exploited for numerous years. Ultimately, he met his demise.

Nawaab Wazir Khan was killed, and his body was tied to a donkey, dragged through the entirety of Sirhind as a public display. Baba ji also sought out individuals who had shown loyalty by aiding Guru ji and serving Mata ji and the Sahibzaade. Bhai Kareem, the boatman, who later embraced Amrit and became Bhai Karam Singh ji, along with Bibi Lakshmi ji from a Brahmin family, received honors from the Khalsa and expressions of gratitude.

In Loving Memory: Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib

The location where the tragic events unfolded, now named Fatehgarh Sahib, near the old town of Sirhind, is adorned with four Sikh Gurdwara Sahibs. A significant religious fair, Jorr-Mela, takes place there annually from December 25th to 28th, dedicated to honoring the memory of these esteemed martyrs.

The Chhotte Sahibzade (Punjabi: ਛੋਟੇ ਸਾਹਿਬਜ਼ਾਦੇ) of Guru Gobind Singh embraced martyrdom on December 26, 1705, at a tender age. This event is known as Saka Sirhind. Each year on December 26, Shaheedi Jor Mela is organized at Fatehgarh Sahib to commemorate the supreme sacrifice made at the site of their martyrdom.

Shaheedi Sabha at Fatehgarh Sahib: Every year, in the last days of December, Sikhs from around the world gather at Fatehgarh Sahib for the Shaheedi Sabha to remember the sacrifice of the Sahibzadas.

History Summary:

In 1704, Mughal and Hilly Rajas’ forces besieged Anandgarh Fort, Anandpur Sahib, for 8 months. They promised Guru Gobind Singh a safe passage if he left the fort, but they betrayed the vow and attacked the Guru’s entourage at Sarsa rivulet. The family separated, and Mata Gujri with two younger grandsons was arrested. The Chamkaur battle occurred on December 22-23, 1704, where two elder Sahibzadas, 3 Panj Piaras, and 40 Sikhs sacrificed their lives. The heinous act took place in Sirhind on December 27, 1704, where Baba Fateh Singh and Baba Zorawar Singh were bricked alive and killed. Mata Gujri and the younger Sahibzadas were later cremated at Joyti Saroop Gurudwara by a devout Sikh, Diwan Todar Mal.

Early Life and Profound Teachings of Baba Zorawar Singh Ji, Baba Fateh Singh Ji, and Mata Gujar Kaur Ji

The lives of Baba Zorawar Singh Ji, Baba Fateh Singh Ji, and Mata Gujar Kaur Ji stand as luminous beacons in Sikh history, radiating the virtues of courage, sacrifice, and unwavering faith. In this exploration, we delve into the early years and teachings of these revered figures, seeking to unravel the profound impact they had on shaping Sikh philosophy and inspiring generations.

Early Life: Nurturing the Seeds of Virtue

Baba Zorawar Singh Ji

Born on 28th November 1696, Baba Zorawar Singh Ji was the youngest son of Guru Gobind Singh Ji. From an early age, he was immersed in the teachings of Sikhism, imbibing the principles of equality, compassion, and fearlessness.

Baba Fateh Singh Ji

Baba Fateh Singh Ji, born on 25th February 1699, displayed a natural affinity for spirituality. Growing up in the revered environment of Anandpur Sahib, he absorbed the essence of Sikh values under the guidance of Guru Gobind Singh Ji.

Mata Gujar Kaur Ji

The mother of these brave souls, Mata Gujar Kaur Ji, played a pivotal role in nurturing their spiritual and moral foundations. Her teachings emphasized the importance of selfless service, humility, and devotion to the Guru.

Teachings: Wisdom Beyond Years

Fearlessness in the Face of Adversity

One of the central teachings of Baba Zorawar Singh Ji and Baba Fateh Singh Ji is the virtue of fearlessness. Despite their tender age, they faced the brutalities of the time with unyielding courage, echoing the Sikh principle of standing against oppression.

Devotion to the Guru

Mata Gujar Kaur Ji instilled in her sons a deep devotion to Guru Gobind Singh Ji. The teachings emphasized the Guru as the guiding light, and this devotion became the cornerstone of their unwavering commitment to Sikh principles.

Sacrifice for Principles

The ultimate sacrifice made by Baba Zorawar Singh Ji and Baba Fateh Singh Ji at the tender ages of 9 and 6, respectively, exemplifies their commitment to principles. Their martyrdom underscores the Sikh belief that certain values are non-negotiable, even in the face of extreme adversity.

Baba Zorawar Singh Ji: A Radiant Beacon of Sacrifice and Devotion

Early Years and Spiritual Upbringing

Baba Zorawar Singh Ji, the embodiment of Sikh virtues, was born on 28th November 1696, to Guru Gobind Singh Ji and Mata Sundari Ji. From his earliest days, he was enveloped in an aura of spirituality, growing up in the sacred environment of Anandpur Sahib.

Spiritual Mentorship by Guru Gobind Singh Ji Under the guidance of Guru Gobind Singh Ji, Baba Zorawar Singh Ji imbibed the essence of Sikh teachings. His spiritual education emphasized the principles of humility, compassion, and unwavering commitment to righteousness.

During the harrowing journey, Baba Zorawar Singh Ji, along with his younger brother Baba Fateh Singh Ji, exhibited remarkable bravery. The two young souls, aged 8 and 5, respectively, faced the trials of hunger, fatigue, and the brutal winter with indomitable courage.

Gurdwaras and Sacred Sites

Gurdwaras, such as Fatehgarh Sahib and Keshgarh Sahib , stand as monuments to honor the sacrifice of Baba Zorawar Singh Ji and Baba Fateh Singh Ji. Pilgrims visit these sites to pay homage and seek inspiration from their unparalleled devotion.

Gurbani Shabads: A Spiritual Connection

As we reflect on the life of Baba Zorawar Singh Ji, the following Gurbani Shabads resonate with the spirit of sacrifice and unwavering devotion:

Baba Zorawar Singh Ji’s life stands as a testament to the enduring spirit of sacrifice and devotion. His unwavering commitment to Sikh principles, even at a tender age, illuminates the path for generations to come, urging us to emulate his courage and fidelity to righteousness.

Baba Zorawar Singh Ji, born on 28th November 1696, belonged to the illustrious lineage of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the founder of Sikhism. This sacred lineage instilled a deep sense of spiritual responsibility in Baba Zorawar Singh Ji from his very inception.

According to the Nanakshahi calendar, from December 20th to 27th, Sikhs observe Martyrdom Week. During these days, large-scale Kirtan and prayers take place in Gurudwaras and homes. Children are told about the martyrdom of Guru Sahib’s family. Many devout Sikhs also sleep on the ground for the entire week, paying homage to the martyrdom of Mata Gujri and the Sahibzadas. In reality, amidst the biting cold, Mata Gujri and the two younger Sahibzadas were imprisoned in the Thanda Burj of Sirhind.

These brave sacrifices have no match in any religion worldwide. They are like precious stories in Sikh history that will be remembered forever.

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An Unprescedented Martyrdom: The martyrdom of Sahibzada

Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji, the two younger sons of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the Tenth Master of the Sikhs, born to Mata Jito Ji, which took place on December 12, 1705 is an unprecedented event and a major landmark in the history of Sikhs. Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji, born on 17 November 1696 and 25 February, 1699 respectively at Anandpur Sahib, District Ropar, Punjab, following the foot-steps of their paternal grandfather Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib, the Ninth Sikh Guru sacrificed their lives for upholding a person's right to freedom of religion. Because of the death of their mother Mata Jito Ji on 5 December, 1700 these two children had been brought up by their paternal grandmother Mata Gujri Ji. The martyrdom of these two brave children took place thirty years after the martyrdom of their grandfather Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib, the Ninth Sikh Guru. The reason for the unique martyrdom of these two young children who sacrificed their lives at ages 9 years and 7 years respectively was Emperor Aurangzeb's staunch policy to spread Islam in all nooks and corners of his territory. For fulfilling his mission, Aurangzeb had issued orders to demolish all Hindu temples, Dharamshalas and Pathshalas and break all Hindu traditions. Restrictions were imposed on celebration of fairs and festivals by Hindus. He had established a separate Department under a Director General for this purpose and had established a jatha of mullans to go from place to place to demolish famous Hindu temples. Under these orders, the centuries old temples in Mathura, Ayodhya and Varanasi were demolished. The well-known Vishwanath temple in Varanasi, a popular place of pilgrimage of Hindus was also demolished. The city of Mathura was named as 'Islamabad'. Aurangzeb also directed all his Governors not to give jobs to Hindus and wherever possible dismiss Hindu employees. Thus, a large number of Hindus had been forcibly converted to Islam. In Kashmir more than half of the Brahmins had been converted to Islam. By 1674, this movement of forcible conversion to Islam had reached its climax. Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib, the Ninth Master of the Sikhs sacrificed his life to rebuff this movement and his martyrdom on November 11, 1675 marked the anti-climax of Aurangzeb's mission. After his martyrdom, his son Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji who became the Tenth Guru took cudgels against this Muslim emperor who was bent upon killing all those individuals who stood in his way of Islamikaran. Thus, Aurangzeb considered Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji, who was following the foot-steps of his father, to save Hindus from conversion, as one of his chief enemies. The institution of Khalsa by Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji which was given a concrete form on the Baisakhi day of 1699, through initiation of Panj Piaras at Anandpur Sahib, District Ropar, Punjab further infuriated the Mughal ruler. The Rajput chiefs of Shivalik hills who felt threatened by the increasing power of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji decided to come together and help the Mughal ruler in combating the Tenth Guru Ji's activities. They joined hands under the leadership of the Raja of Bilaspur in whose territory fell the town of Anandpur Sahib to forcibly oust Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji from his hilly citadel. During 1700-1704, the hilly monarchs raided Anandpur Sahib many times but yielded no fruit. Having been frustrated by their failures, they requested Emperor Aurangzeb for help to which he readily agreed. In May 1705, in collaboration with the contingents sent under imperial orders by the Governor of Lahore and those of Wazir Khan, the faujdar of Sirhind they invaded Anandpur Sahib and laid a siege to the fort and made incessant attacks. Inspite of scarcity of ammunition as well as food, Guru Sahib and his Sikhs gave a firm fight to these incessant2 assaults. Feeling helpless the attackers cunningly gave an offer to Guru Sahib to provide safe exit to him and his Sikh forces if he agreed to quit Anandpur Sahib. Guru Sahib accepted the offer. But during the night of 5-6 December, 1705 as soon as, Guru Sahib alongwith his four sons - Sahibzada Ajit Singh Ji, Sahibzada Jujhar Singh Ji, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji and his mother Mata Gujri Ji and the Sikhs started coming out, the hilly chiefs and their Mughal allies started attacking them. While crossing on horseback the rivulet Sirsa, a tributary of Sutlej river which was in full spate, the two younger sons of Guru Ji Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji aged 9 years and 7 years respectively and their paternal grandmother Mata Gujri Ji got separated from the rest of the family. To commemorate this event Gurdwara Parivar Vichchora Sahib has been established at this place, which is 12 kms north of Ropar. Gangu, an old cook of the family promised to take them i.e. the two younger Sahibzadas and their grandmother Mata Gujri Ji to his village Kheri, now known as Saheri near Morinda in Ropar District of Punjab. It may be added that while escorting them during the dark night because of hazardous pathways Gangu lost his way and bypassing Saheri he walked towards the village Rangia which is about 1.6 kms southward from Saheri. As soon as he realized his error, in order to work out the correct route to his village, he asked Mata Gujri Ji and the Sahibzadas to wait under a mango-grove. At the site of the mango-grove which is out in the fields about half a km away from Saheri in the sacred memory of Mata Gujri Ji and the Sahibzadas a Gurdwara Sahib has been established. In village Saheri there are two other Gurdwaras one of them Gurdwara Attak Sahib is situated at the site of Gangu's house. They reached Saheri only on the night of 6-7 December. While unsaddling the horse Gangu saw some cash and valuables in their saddle-bag which tempted him to betray them. On reaching his village, he stole the saddle-bag during the night. Gangu became so greedy and deceitful that in the hope of a sumptuous reward from the Mughals he decided to betray them and on the morning of December 7, 1705 he handed them over to Jani Khan and Mani Khan Ranghar, the officials of Morinda who immediately took all the three into custody. In the meantime, Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji passing through the village Brahman Majra on 6 December had reached Chamkaur Sahib which is 40 kms south-west of Anandpur Sahib with his two elder sons Sahibzadas Ajit Singh Ji andJujhar Singh Ji aged 18 years and 14 years respectively and about forty Sikhs. The imperial army and the army of hilly monarchs had followed them. In the furious battle which ensued on 7 December, 1705 at Chamkaur Sahib between Guru Sahib on one hand and these two armies on the other, both the elder sons of Guru Sahib Sahibzada Ajit Singh Ji and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh Ji earned martyrdom. On December 8, 1705 Jani Khan and Mani Khan Ranghar took the two younger Sahibzadas Zorawar Singh Ji and Fateh Singh Ji and their grandmother to Sirhind and handed them over to Wazir Khan who had just returned from the battle of Chamkaur Sahib with Guru Sahib and was full of vengeance. He immediately put all of them in the Cold Tower of the Fort. A devout Sikh Moti Ram Mehra Ji, not caring for the anger of the Mughals visited the Cold Tower and served them milk. As per Wazir Khan's orders, on December 9, 1705 Sahibzadas Zorawar Singh Ji and Fateh Singh Ji were produced before him. He tried to tempt them with promises of wealth and honour if they adopted Islam. But both of them rejected his offer bravely. Wazir Khan repeatedly threatened them that if they do not accept Islam they would be put to death. But they remained firm in their faith. Wazir Khan finally announced death sentence for them if they did not accept Islam. Nawab Sher Mohammed Khan Ji of Malerkotla intercepted and protested that these two young children were innocent and it would be utter cruelty to kill them. On the contrary, Suchchanand a courtier of3 Wazir Khan as quoted from a Persian poet said 'the progeny of a serpent shall grow up as serpants, and he is not wise who forgets that a wolf's offspring shall be a wolf. Therefore, no mercy should be shown to them.' Thus, remaining staunch in his decision Wazir Khan ordered that they be sealed alive in a wall if they refused to accept Islam. For another two days they were kept in the Cold Tower in the severe wintry weather. On December 11, 1705 under the orders of Wazir Khan they were to be paved with bricks standing on the ground at a place 5 kms north of Sirhind near the Cold Tower. However, in constructing the wall around them when the masons reached above chest height of the younger Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji, it crumbled and inspite of their best efforts they could not complete it. The two Sahibzadas were again sent to the Cold Tower. The next day i.e. on December 12 they were again given the choice to get converted to Islam or embrace death. They firmly chose death and bravely faced the executioner's sword. In the fond memory of the martyrs Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji, Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib stands at the sacred site of their martyrdom and this town is now known as Fatehgarh Sahib after the name of the younger Sahibzada. On hearing the sad news of death of her grandsons, Mata Gujri Ji died of shock. During the night of December 12 the sacred bodies of these three martyrs were kept at a place about 100 meters to the east from the site of martyrdom just outside the fort wall where now stands Gurdwara Bimangarh Sahib. As per historical evidence, Seth Todar Mall Ji an influential and rich trader of Sirhind decided to perform the last rites, but in view of the ire of Mughals none would give him a piece of land for this purpose. At last Chaudhri Atta agreed to sell him as much land as he could cover with gold mohars. Thus Seth Todar Mall Ji cremated the three sacred corpses at a place about one and a half kilometers to the south-east from the site of martyrdom of the Sahibzadas where now stands Gurdwara Joti Sarup Sahib. Sardar Jodh Singh a devout Sikh of Attevali village put the sacred ashes in an urn and burried them at the same spot. In the basement of Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib the wall which was constructed on December 11, 1705 is still in existence though with certain changes. The pilgrims who had visited this sacred place 65 years ago tell that at that time the original wall which was made of small Sirhindi bricks joined with lime mortar was in existence and the crack which occurred on one side of the wall while the masons were constructing it, was also visible. But now this wall has been painted with a shining paint which has concealed its original form. Lacs of Sikh pilgrims visit this sacred place every year to pay homage to the young martyrs Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji. The pilgrims also pay their obeisance at Gurdwara Qatalgarh Sahib, the place of martyrdom of the two elder Sahibzadas - Ajit Singh Ji and Jujhar Singh Ji. A Muslim poet Allayar Khan Jogi in his poem in urdu Ganj-e-Shaheedan (1913) has given a touching narration of the whole incident commemorating the cruelty of the Mughal empire and the fearlessness of the young Sahibzadas. He recited this poem in large gatherings of Sikhs in the second and third decades of the 20th century. The pilgrims also pay their obeisance at Gurdwara Mata Gujri Ji, which is close to the main Gurdwara, where the two Sahibzadas along with their grandmother Mata Gujri Ji were detained from December 8 to December 12, 1705 and where on December 12, 1705 Mata Gujri Ji, on hearing about the death of her grandsons had breathed her last. One historian has given 1704 as the year of martyrdom of the Sahibzadas. During the tercentenary program which was held in 2004 over one million pilgrims paid their obeisance at Gurdwara Fatehgarh4 Sahib and other Gurdwaras in Fatehgarh Sahib where at each place they had to stand up in queues for four hours. The pilgrims also paid their homage at Gurdwara Qatalgarh Sahib, Chamkaur Sahib and at Gurdwara Joti Sarup Sahib, the place where the three martyrs were cremated. At these Gurdwaras also the pilgrims had to stand up in queues for four hours. It is worth mentioning that when in 1710 Baba Banda Singh Bahadur Ji's forces killed Wazir Khan and conquered Sirhind as well as in 1764 when forces of Dal Khalsa killed Zain Khan whom Ahmed Shah Abdali had appointed faujdar of Sirhind, no memorial was raised at the place of cremation of the young martyrs and their grandmother. Therefore, when Maharaja Karam Singh of Patiala wanted to re-build Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib he had to locate the exact spot of cremation. He was successful in discovering the urn containing the sacred ashes and in 1843 he constructed a Gurdwara at this spot and named it Gurdwara Joti Sarup Sahib. A century later, in 1944 Maharaja Yadvindra Singh of Patiala instituted a committee for renovation of Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib and Grudwara Joti Sarup Sahib. As a result, in 1955 two upper storeys and a dome were added to Gurdwara Joti Sarup Sahib. In the meantime, in 1951 when a Jodhpur Prince Himmat Singh married Princess Shailendra Kaur of Patiala, the Maharaja of Jodhpur donated money for constructing a separate shrine dedicated to the sacred memory of Mata Gujri Ji. Consequently, on the ground floor in the south-western corner of the circumbulatory verandh a samadh in the form of a small square canopied platform was built with white marble. This year i.e. in 2022 to observe the 317th martyrdom day of the brave young martyrs a fortnight long programme called Sabha was started on December 14 at Gurdwara Parivar Vichchora Sahib by starting an Akhand Paath. A three-day programme (December 14-16) was held at this place during which devans (religious congregation) were held and thousands and thousands of pilgrims paid their obeisance to the brave young martyrs. During December 17-19 the Sabha was held at Gurdwara Bhattha Sahib, Ropar. The Sabha will also pass through the village Brahman Majra on December 19 which is 11 kms south-east of Ropar and falls in Distt. Ropar. It may be mentioned here that Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji while going from Kotla Nihang Khan to Chamkaur Sahib along with his two elder sons and 40 Sikhs passed through this village. At the place of Guru Sahib's visit now stands Gurdwara Guru Garh Sahib. Earlier Sri Guru Hargobind Sahib had also visited this village. The venue of the Sabha keeps changing as per historical events in chronological order. The Sabha will be held at Chamkaur Sahib, the place of martyrdom of Sahibzada Ajit Singh Ji and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh Ji during December 21-22-23 and then it will be held at Machhiwara Sahib. During December 26-27-28 the Sabha will be held at Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib. The place of martyrdom of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji. On December 28 a Nagar Kirtan (procession) will be started from Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib and culminate at Gurdwara Jyoti Sarup Sahib, the site of cremation of the two Sahibzadas and Mata Gujri Ji. Every year lacs of pilgrims join in this heart-rending Nagar Kirtan and pay their obeisance to the brave young martyrs.

Sahibzada Zorawar Singh & Sahibzada Fateh Singh

Sahibzada Zorawar Singh (Punjabi: ਸਾਹਿਬਜ਼ਾਦਾ ਜ਼ੋਰਾਵਰ ਸਿੰਘ) was the third of Guru Gobind Singh's four sons. He and his younger brother, Sahibzada Fateh Singh are among the most hallowed martyrs in Sikhism.

Departure from Anandpur Sahib

The generals of Moghul army got weary and saw no end to the battle. They felt ashamed their sense of pride injured, as they saw no end to the siege. So they proposed a solution whereby they told Guru Gobind Singh that they were interested in the semblance of a victory, if the Guru and his Sikhs agreed to temporarily leave the fort and return later on, as and when they desired. They assured Guru Gobind Singh a safe passage in leaving by vowing on Muslim and Hindu holy books.

Guru's Family Seperated After Muslim Treachery

After the Guru, his family and a few hundred Sikhs vacated the fort and gone a few miles towards Kiratpur Sahib, they were treacherously attacked from behind. Guru planned for defense and assigned fifty Singhs with Bhai Udhay Singh and a hundred Singhs with Bhai Bachittar Singh to hold Moghul attack. Bhai Uday Singh killed Rustam Khan, the commander of the Moghul army thus halting the onslaught. On reaching river Sirsa, which was in flood, Guru Gobind Singh was seperated from his mother and two younger sons Baba Zorawar Singh (eight years) and Baba Fateh Singh (six years). The Guru with forty Sikhs, five beloved ones and both elder Sahibzaade Baba Ajit Singh and Baba Jujhar Singh crossed the Sirsa river and moved towards village of Kotla Nihang Khan. The Khan had great respect for the Guru.

After few days they moved towards village Chamkaur and occupied a mud fortress (Garhi). The Moghul forces of lakhs surrounded the fortress. Each time, five Sikhs would come out and gave a very tough fight. The Moghul army lost thousands of lives. The Guru lost both his eldest sons, three beloved ones (Sahib Singh, Himmat Singh and Mohkam Singh), Kirpal Singh Kashmeeree, three sons of Bhai Mani Singh and other Sikhs also attained martyrdom. The Guru obeyed the directive of the Sangat. It was decided that Bhai Daya Singh, Bhai Dharam Singh, Ram Singh and Man Singh would also accompany him. The Guru transferred his Kalghi to the forehead of Bhai Sangat Singh who had strong resemblance to the Guru. At around 2 a.m. the Guru moved out of the fortress. After walking about 200 yards from the fortress (Garhi), the Guru repeatedly clapped declaring loudly that he was going, so as to make the enemy aware and to challenge them.

Kumma Maashki was forcibly converted as muslim. But still used to worship as per Hindu rituals. Mata Gujri stayed in his hut for two days. A Brahmin lady by the name of Laxhhmi looked after them, serving food and providing shelter. During that time Gangu Brahmin met them. Gangu used to serve in the Guru's kitchen as a cook.

The Brahmin Thief and Traitor

Gangu pretended to be furious at the suspicion directed against him. Gangu tried to distract Mata Gujri by saying they were taking advantage of his hospitality by accusing him of being a thief when they were the ones that were outlaws. Worried at the turn of events, Gangu decided to turn Mata Gujri and the two young Sahibzadey over to the authorities, almost cetrtainly knowing they would meet their death, thereby hiding his crime.

Arrest of Children, for the Alleged Crimes of Their Father

The Court of a Treacherous Muslim

She woke them up early the next morning and readying them for the ensuing test they were going to be put to at the court of Wazir Khan,the tyrant ruler of Sirhind. She thus said to them, "O sons of great Guru Gobind Singh! you are going to be offered all the comforts of a luxurious life if you agree to say goodbye to your religion and adopt islam as your new religion. If you refuse to accept such an attractive offer they will threaten you with painful deaths. I have full confidence that though you are young children, you will neither be fooled by the attractive offers nor be seduced by their threats. Be brave like your Guru father who has put every thing including his life at stake to prepare people to uproot the rule of tyrant rulers. Keep up the honour of your father at all costs."

While the grandmother was still advising her grandsons, the soldiers of Wazir Khan arrived to take the two saintly children of Guru Gobind Singh to the court. Mata Gujri wished her grandsons well and sent them with the soldiers praying for their success and to uphold their principles at the court.

Trial Of Children

One of the prominent courtier Sucha Nand told the courageous sons of Guru Gobind Singh to bow before the ruler Wazir Khan and salute like the Muslims do. The children, aged 6 & 8 years respectively, told him that like other Sikhs, they bow before no one except their Guru.

In reply to Wazir Khan's lecture the brave children said, "Sikhism is dearer to us than our lives. Nothing in this illusory world can induce us to shed our religion. We are children of the lion Guru Gobind Singh who is determind to infuse courage into the people of all religions to rise against the cruel and tyrant rulers to gain freedom. Our grandfather, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur laid down his life to defend the right of religious freedom for the sake of opressed Hindu community being decimated by tyrant Aurangzeb. Our great great grandfather, Sri Guru Arjun Dev Ji submitted gladly to the will of God while facing torturous death under the orders of Emperor Jahangir. He chose death and refused to become a muslim. We will never bring bad name to the predecessor martyrs of our faith even if we have to face death."

Nawab Wazir Khan, though impressed by the moral support provided and suggestions made by Sucha Nand, was more inclined towards coverting the children to islam. Rather than punish them with death penalty Wazir Khan wanted to provide an opportunity for the historians to write that the two younger sons of Guru Gobind Singh preferred islam to Sikhism. He, therefore controlled his anger and allowed the lads to go back toconsult their grandmother who might advise them to accept islam to save their lives. Saying this Wazir Khan hurriedly left the court there by adjourning it for the day and thus denying the lads an opportunity to give a benifitting reply to his latest suggestion.

A Sikh Grandmother's Advice

The next day more inducements and threats were held out to the young Sahibzadas of Guru Gobind Singh but none of these could deter them from their firm resolve to stick to thier grandmothers advice.

Thrid Day of Interogation of Children

At the court, seeing no let up in the firm resolve of the brave sons of great Guru, the Nawab asked them as to what would they do in case he freed them. The young boys said in reply, "We would organise Sikhs and fight to finish against the tyrant rulers to provide freedom to the opressed. We will stick to our Sikh faith under all circumstances and you or others like you will never succeed in deflecting us from our faith."

Torture and Execution of Children

Nawab Wazir Khan failed in his mission to convert the two Sahibzadas into Islam. He felt dejected and humiliated. He asked his court Kazi to suggest appropriate punishment for the children. The Kazi promptly suggested bricking the children alive and then hacking them to death with sword blows as per muslim law, as understood by him.

The wall went up higher and higher until it reached their chests. The Nawab and Qazi approached them and said to them in an affectionate tone, "There is still time for you to save your lives, just recite the Kalma and the wall will be pulled down immediately."

Mata Gujri was thrown to death from the cold tower by the soldiers after being informed of the fate of her grandsons.

Young Martyrs

Thus the two sons of Guru Gobind Singh, aged 6 & 8 years respectively, became the youngest martyrs at the hands of barbarous rulers. Their brave deeds will provide inspiration to the Sikhs and their young children to emulate the brave acts of young Sahibzadas of the tenth master whom no amount of wordly attractions and threat could deter from their resolve to stick to their faith and fight against the unjust and cruel rulers. Mata Gujri ji also provided a shining example to all mothers and grandmothers as to how they should imbibe good qualities of religion, sacrifice, faith, in the young minds of their sons and grandsons at tender age, and prepare their minds and bodies to facce challenges they are likely to face as they grow up. The example of Mata Gujri Ji is worth emulating by all mothers and grandmothers.

On the way, Guru met a Muhammadan called Kalha, a rich and important person who was chaudhari of Jagraon and Raikot, two considerable towns of Ludhiana district, Kalha entertained him at Jatpura. The Guru requested him to send a messanger to Sirhind to enquire in fate of his mother and two younger sons. The Guru remained at Jatpura until the messanger's return. Jatpura is about fifty miles distance from Sirhind. This distance the messanger is said to have traversed in an incoredibly short space of time. While the Guru was listening to the narrative, he was digging up a shrub with his knife. He said, "As I dig up this shrub by the roots, so shall the Turks be extirpated." He inquired if any one except the Nawab of MalerKotla had spoken on behalf of the children. The messanger replied in the negative. The Guru then said that after the roots of the oppressive Turks were all dug up, the roots of the Nawab should still remain. His Sikhs should one day come and lay Sirhind waste.

One of those that Helped

One of the people that helped Mata Gujri Ji and the Sahibzadey was Moti Ram Mehra who was from gheewar (waterman) caste. He was serving in Hindu Kitchen of Suba Sirhind Wazer Khan. Moti Ram Mehra used to cook and serve to Hindu oficers and prisoners. He was very sincere and honest to his assigned tasks. His ancestors used to pay respects to Baba Kauji ji before they started paying regards to Guru Ji. Baba Kauji was Pir of gheewars. Their village Dehra is in Panch Nangal, Hoshiarpur (Punjab) where gheewars (Kashyap Rajputs) go and worship. Vaisakhi Mela is also hold there. Moti Ram Mehra used to live in Mohalla Mansuriv Tibba. This Mohalla was famous for Rajput clan's population. His family included his old mother, wife and a small male child. Due his respect for Sikhs, the Sikhs used to visit his place often. Many travellers on their way to Anandpur Sahib used to take rest in his small room. He also used to long for going to Anandpur to meet Guru Ji.

Bhai Moti Ram continued the process for number of days. Mata ji was so delighted, that she blessed him. 'O great Moti, seeing your faith and love May you be the Blessed one!' Dewan Sucha Nand had his own doubt about Moti Ram Mehra. The confiders confided in. During those days one relative of Gangu Brahman named Mauga used to go about in viceroys' offices to help Gangu. He came to know that Moti Ram had helped Mata Gujari and youngest Saahibzadey and used to offer them milk. He confided to high officials. Moti Ram's service to the family of Guru was declared as punishable offence. Dewan Sucha Nand also informed nawab as to how Moti Ram used to enter the Thanda Burj and offer milk to Mata Ji and her grandchildren. Moti Ram Mehra accepted the truth in the court explaining that since his job was serving the Hindu prisoners by cooking and serving food, he did not commit any offence by doing his assigned duties. Moti Ram Mehra's case was presented to Nawab Wazir Khan, after he returned from battlefield of Khidrana after losing many of his soldiers in the battle. He was bent upon taking revenge against Guru. He got enraged and ordered that Moti Ram Mehra and all his family members be crushed in Kohlu (a wooden mill used to extract oil from seeds).

Fate Deals With The Nawab

The Nawab faced problems with his family too. Nawab had a begum (wife) named Zai-bul-nisa. He used to fondly call her Zaina Begum. She was extremely beautiful and young. She was the daughter of a servant to Raja of Bilaspur and was married to a young man of Sirhind. But her bridal carriage was abducted and brought to the palace of Nawab. After the Nawab ordered the torture and execution of the Sahibzadey, the Begum got upset that she picked a fight with Nawab and stabbed herself with a poniard and died.

The mission of Banda Singh Bahadar was to uproot the cruel rulers of Sirhind and other places where there was tyranny and oppression. After conquering Panipat, Samana and Sadhaura with great success Banda Singh Bahadar moved towards Sirhind. A great battle raged near village called Chappar–Chiri near Sirhind. The Khalsa came out victorious and the evil musalmaan Wazir Khan was killed.

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Sahibzada Zorawar Singh ji & Fateh Singh ji

Guru Gobind Singh ji decided to evacuate Anandpur Sahib, on the advice of his Sikhs, although he had no confidence on the promises made by the adversaries, and told them about his views. Guru ji, accompanied by Sikhs and his family members evacuated Anandpur Sahib in December 1704, A.D. They had hardly reached the bank of rivulet Sirsa, when the enemy forces attacked them from behind without caring a bit about the promises made by them earlier in the name of their Holy Books.

During the ensuing battle on the bank of Sirsa rivulet which was in spate due to heavy rains upstream, only Guruji, forty Sikhs and two elder sons of Guru ji, Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh, were able to safety cross the river. Others either died fighting bravely or were drowned in the flooded waters. The two younger sons of the Guru, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh, accompanied by thier Grandmother Mata Gujri ji, strayed away walking along the bank of Sirsa, without making any attempt to cross it. While walking away from the scene of battle along the bank of rivulet Sirsa, they met their old servent named Gangu Brahmin, who had worked in their house for nearly 20 years. On his request, Mata Gujri, accompanied by his two grandsons, agreed to go with Gangu to his village and stay at his place for some time.

Mata Gujri ji was carrying good number of gold coins in those days. She kept the money under her pillow when she went to sleep in the house alongwith Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh. Gangu’s greed for money turned him unfaithful.He quitly stole the money bag from under the pillow of Mata Gujri Ji while she was fast a sleep. When she got up in the morning she did not find the money bag under her pillow. She enquired from Gangu politely about the gold coins. The thief Gangu got annoyed at this questioning by Mata ji and started threatening her that he would get her arrested along with her grandsons for this accusation. Mata Ji tried to calm him down. Gangu had his eyes on the prize that he would receive from the Mughal rulers if he handed over the mother and two sons of Guru Gobind Singh to the police authorities. Accompanied by the village chief, he went to the police station at Morinda town and informed the station incharge about the preseence of Guru Gobind Singh’s mother and his two youger sons in his house and requested him to bestow him prize money for helping the authorities in the arrest of fugitives.

The police officer was immensly pleased at this important information provided by Gangu. He accompaind him to his vilage and arrested Mata Gujri along with her two grandsons and handed them over to Nawab Wazir Khan of Sirhand. Nawab Wazir Khan who had to return empty handed from Anandpur Sahib without being successful in arresting Guru Gobind Singh or his associates, was too glad to find Guru’s mother and two sons in his prison. Mata ji along with her two grandsons was imprisoned in the cold tower at Sirhind.The Nawab ordered them to be produced in his court the next morning. Sitting on the floor of this cold tower on this very cold December night,Mata Gujri tried to provide comfort and warmth of her body to her grand sons putting them on her lap,and Kissing the foreheades of the beautiful Kids,went to sleep.

She woke them up early the next morning and readying them for the ensuing test they were going to be put to at the court of Wazir Khan,the tyrant ruler of Sirhind. She thus said to them, “O sons of great Guru Gobind Singh ! you are going to be offered all the comforts of a luxurious life if you agree to say goodbye to your religion and adopt Islam as your new religion.If you refuse to accept such an attractive offer they will threaten you with painful deaths. I have full confidence that though you are young Kids,you will neither be fooled by the attractive offers nor be seduced by their threats. Be brave like your Guru father who has put every thing including his life at stake to prepare people to uproot the rule of tyrant rulers. Keep up the honour of your father at all costs.” While the grandmother was still advising her grandsons, the soldiers of Wazir Khan arrived to take the two kids of Guru Gobind Singh to the court. Mata Gujri wished her grandsons and sent them with the soldiers praying for their success to uphold their principles and steadfastness at the court.

Many a senior officers and advisors of Nawab Wazir Khan were seated in the court along with him in addition to prominent public personalities. On entring the court Sahibzada Jorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh loudly uttred, “Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa, Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh” to the utter astonishment and amazement of Wazir Khan and his courtiers. One of the prominent courtier Sucha Nand told the courageous sons of Guru Gobind Singh to bow before the ruler Wazir Khan and salute like the Muslims do. The kids told him that like other Sikhs, they too bow before no one except their Guru.

Nawab Wazir Khan now took over and said, “O small kids ! Your dad alongwith your two elder brothers has been killed in the battlefield. Luckily you have arrived in my court alive. Be quick and agree to be converted to Islam. As Muslim kids you will be provided best comforts of life like princes. You will be living in palaces, wearing silk clothes, eat variety of foods and play with other Muslim Princes and many servants will be at your beck and call, day and night.We are going to ban Sikhism and we will not leave any one alive as a Sikh. If you do not heed my advice to become Muslim, you will be put to the death in a most merciless manner. You will be cut to pieces so that no one dare become a Sikh in future.”

The brave and smart kids of the tenth master while smiling initially at the foolishness of this hot headed Muslim ruler were angrered at the threats held out by Wazir Khan and became more determined than before in their resolve to keep up the honour of their father Guru Gobind Singh. In reply to Wazir Khan’s lecture the brave kids said, “Sikhism is dearer to us than our lives. Nothing in this illusory world can induce us to shed our religion. We are kids of lion Guru Gobind Singh who is determind to infuse courage into the people of all religions to rise against the cruel and tyrant rulers to gain freedom. Our grandfather, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur laid down his life to defend the right of religious freedom for the sake of opressed Hindu community being decimated by tyrant Aurangzeb. Our great great grandfather, Sri Guru Arjun Dev Ji submitted gladly to the will of God while facing tortuons death under the orders of Emperor Jahangir, to infuse courage and endurance in his disciples rather than convert as Muslim. We will never bring bad name to the predecessor martyrs of our faith even if we have to face death.”

Those present in the court of Wazir Khan were greatly impressed by the brave reaction offerd to Wazir Khan by 6 yrs old Baba Fateh Singh and 8 yrs old Baba Zorawar Singh. In order to offer some respite and encouragement to the dazed Wazir Khan, Sucha Nand courtier commented, “if these Kids at such an adolescent age can have courage to shun all inducements and threats to their lives, they could pose grave danger to the Mughal rulers when they grow upto manhood. Like their father they would encourage other Sikhs to rise in revolt against the Kingdom. It will be proper to deal with them firmly now and no mercy should de shown to them just because they are small children.

Nawab Wazir Khan, though impressed by the moral support provided and suggestions made by Sucha Nand, was more inclined towards coverting to Islam, the brave young sons of the great Guru Gobind Singh rather than punishing them with death penalty. He wanted to provide an opportunity to the historians to write that the two younger sons of Guru Gobind Singh preferred Islam to Sikhism. He, therfore controlled his anger and allowed the lads to go back home and consult their grandmother who might advise them to accept Islam to save their lives. Saying this Wazir Khan hurriedly left the court there by adjourning it for the day and thus denying the lads an opportunity to give a benifitting reply to his latest suggestion.

Mata Gujri Ji was immensly pleased to see her grandsons back in high spirits heaving a sigh of relief. She took them hurriedlyfrom the soldiers into her bossem and kissed profusely their bright and smiling faces gave indications of their winning the battle for the day. thereafter, she asked and they told her about what happended in the court of Wazir Khan. They made a special mention about the wicked advice provided to the ruler of Sirhind by Sucha Nand Courtier.

Mata Gujri congratulated her grandsons on their courage and stead – fastness shown by them in the court in the face of hostile attitude of Wazir Khan and his courtier Sucha Nand. She warned them of greater inducements and threats of torture when they went to the court next day. She advised them to remember Bhai Mati Dass,Bhai Sati Dass and Bhai Dayala Ji, who did not flinch in their faith and faced torturous deaths. Thus providing encouragment to her grandsons Mata Gujri went to sleep, keeping the brave young kids pressed to her body. The next day more inducements and threats were held out to the young Sahibzadas of Guru Gobind Singh but none of these could deter them from their firm resolve to stick to thier grandmothers advice.

When on the third day the young Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh left for the court escorted by Wazir Khan’s soldiers, She could visulise that her grandsons would not come back in the evening and that the rulers will carry out their threats held out to the kids earlier. She was, however, confident that her brave grandsons would die happily for their faith. She took them in her bossom, kissed their faces and stroked their backs providing them lot of love and encouragement. She kept staring at them till they disappeared from her view.

Back in her prison cell, the cold tower, she went into meditation and prayed to the Guru and God to provide strength and unshakable determination to thetwo younger sons of Guru Gobind Singh and wished them success in the face of heavy odds they were to face at the court that day, which could in all probability be their final and last day at the court.

At the court, seeing no let up in the firm resolve of the brave sons of great Guru, the Nawab asked them as to what would they do in case he freed them. The young boys said in reply, “We would organise Sikhs and fight to finish against the tyrant rulers to provide freedom to the opressed. We will stick to our Sikh faith under all circumstances and you or others like you will never succeed in deflecting us from our faith.” Nawab Wazir Khan failed in his mission to convert the two Sahibzadas into Islam. He felt dejected and humiliated. He asked his court Kazi to suggest appropriate punishment for the kids. The Kazi promptly suggested bricking alive of the kids and then doing them to death with sword blows as per Muslim law, as understood by him. Shaken by this inhumane punishment for the young innocent children suggested by Kazi, Nawab Sher Khan of Malerkotla protested and said, “Islam does not specify punishment to the children for the guilt of their father. They are innocent and should be freed.” The Kazi lost his temper and told Sher Khan that he (Kazi) was much more conversant with Muslim law than him. Sucha Nand added fuel to fire by suggesting that Cobra’s off springs should be killed promptly lest they create trouble when they are fully grown up.

On this, Wazir Khan approved the punishment suggested by Kazi without any amendment. Nawab of Malerkotla protested loudly at this decision and walked out of the court.

When no one came forward to carry out the punishment pronounced for the young children, two Pathans of Ghilaza Tribe (known for their barbarism) were successfully persuaded to do the job. They made the young lads stand close to each other and started raising a wall around them. Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh started reciting hymns of Guru ji (Gurbani) and meditating on the name of God, remained composed and in high spirits. The Kazi carrying his holy book Koran in his hands continued to persuade the kids to accept conversion to Islam to save their precious lives. The children fully concentrating their minds on the name of God, paid no heed to what Kazi was trying to tell them. When the wall reached the shoulders of Sahibzada Fateh Singh, on a signal from Kazi, the two Pathans promptly choped off the heads of the two kids with the blows of their swords. Mata Gujri was thrown to death from the cold tower by the soldiers after being informed of the fate of her grandsons.

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Valour of Chhote Sahibzaade: The significance of December 26 in Sikh history

On this day, zorawar singh and fateh singh, the two youngest sons of the tenth sikh master guru gobind singh, were bricked alive on the orders of wazir khan, the mughal faujdar of sirhind, for refusing to renounce their faith..

December 26 holds much significance in Sikh history as it commemorates the valour of ‘Chhote Sahibzaade’, the two youngest sons of the tenth Sikh master Guru Gobind Singh.

Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh, the two youngest sons of Guru Gobind Singh, were bricked alive on the orders of Wazir Khan, the Mughal faujdar of Sirhind, for refusing to renounce their faith and become Muslim. Zorawar Singh was nine years old at the time, and Fateh Singh only seven. Soon after they were walled up alive, their grandmother Mata Gujri (Guru Gobind Singh’s mother) died of shock.

Today, Gurdwara Sri Fatehgarh Sahib stands on the site where the two Sahibzaadas were executed on December 12, 1705, which falls on December 26 as per the current calendar. The day is now observed as Veer Bal Diwas.

It is believed that after no one in Sirhind town agreed to spare land to cremate them, a rich Hindu trader named Diwan Todar Mal purchased a small piece of land by covering it with at least 7,800 gold coins, and performed the last rites after getting the Sahibzaadas’ bodies released from the Mughals. Later, Gurdwara Jyoti Sarup was built on this site in Fatehgarh Sahib.

What happened to Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh?

“Guru Gobind Singh had four sons, the Chaar Sahibzaade, all of whom four sacrificed their lives to uphold the identity and dignity of Khalsa Panth against the Mughals. The two elder ones, Ajit Singh and Jujhar Singh, died in the battle of Chamkaur Sahib. But the bravery and sacrifice of Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh is considered unparalleled not just because of the tender age at which they chose death, but also for the cruel and barbaric conditions that the Mughals had created for the children and their grandmother before their execution,” said Prof Paramvir Singh of the Department of Encyclopaedia of Sikhism at Punjabi University, Patiala.

The barbarism

“Before the execution, the two children and their grandmother were held captive at the open-air Thanda Burj (Cold Tower) of the fort for days in chilly weather, in which they shivered endlessly but refused to convert. For days, they were pressured and threatened with death if they did not accept Islam, but they did not fear the Mughals and refused to renounce their faith,” Prof Singh said. Jujhar, Zorawar and Fateh were the sons of the Guru’s first wife Jito Ji, and were cared for by their grandmother after Jito Ji passed away.

The final journey

The Encyclopedia of Sikhism published by Punjabi University, Patiala recounts the story of the final days of the Chhote Sahibzaade and Mata Gujri:

“Guru Gobind Singh evacuated Anandpur on the night of 5-6 December, 1705… In the front ran Sarsa stream swollen with rain water. Under cover of quick rearguard action fought on the banks of the stream, he succeeded in crossing it but the members of his family got scattered in the tumult… Mata Gujri, and her two grandsons, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh, aged 9 and 7 years respectively, had nowhere to go until their cook, named Gangu, offered to take them to his own village Kheri. They accompanied him to his house.”

“But he proved deceitful and betrayed them to Jani Khan and Mani Khan of Morinda. The latter despatched them to Sirhind where they were consigned to the Cold Tower (Thanda Burj) of the Fort. On December 9, 1705, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh were produced before Wazir Khan. He tried to lure them to embrace Islam with promises of riches and honours, but they spurned the offer. He threatened them with death as an alternative to Islam, but they remained firm. A death sentence was eventually awarded.”

“Nawab Sher Muhammad Khan of Malerkotla protested that it would be improper to harm the innocent children and was against the teachings of Islam. Wazir Khan, however, ordered them to be bricked alive in a wall, if they still refused conversion. They were kept in the Cold Tower in that severe winter for another two days with their grandmother. On December 11, they began to be paved with bricks standing on the ground. However, as the mason reached above chest height, it crumbled. They were again sent to Cold Tower for the night.”

“The next day, December 12, 1705, the alternative of conversion being again turned down, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh were put to death by execution. The aged Mata Gujri, who had all along been kept in the Cold Tower, only a little distance away, breathed her last as the news reached her ears.”

Every year, the religious fair Jor Mela is organised from December 25 to December 28 in memory of the children and their grandmother at Sri Fatehgarh Sahib, which is attended by lakhs of devotees, not just from Punjab but also from other states.

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Chaar Sahibzaade: Life Journey and Martyrdom

Facts about the life and martyrdom of 4 sahibzadas of 10th sikh guru gobind singh ji.

Life and Martyrdom of Chaar Sahibzaade Sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji

The four sons (Chaar Sahibzaade) of Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji, Sahibzada Ajit Singh, Sahibzada Jujhar Singh, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh, and Sahibzada Fateh Singh, were martyred during the 18th century in a battle against the Mughal Empire . They were all young boys at the time of their deaths, with Ajit Singh being the eldest at 18 years of age.

Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh fought alongside their father in the Battle of Chamkaur in 1704*, where they were both killed. Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh were captured by the Mughals and were bricked alive in 1705*.

Their martyrdom is remembered and celebrated by Sikhs as a symbol of their commitment to freedom and justice. The sacrifice of the four sons of Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji is considered a turning point in Sikh history and is often cited as an example of the ultimate sacrifice for one's faith and beliefs.

The Martyrdom of the Sahibzadas is celebrated during Bikrami, Nanakshahi month of Poh, December ( usually in the 4th Week of December) each year, known as Shaheedi Jor Mela, at Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India.

Sahibzada Ajit Singh Ji and Jujhar Singh Ji

Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh were the eldest and second eldest sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the tenth Sikh Guru. They were born in Anandpur Sahib, a city in the Punjab region of India that was established by Guru Gobind Singh Ji as the primary center for the Sikh faith. Both brothers were trained in martial arts and were raised to be warriors in the service of their faith and community.

During the 18th century, the Mughal Empire, which ruled much of India at the time, was engaged in a prolonged conflict with the Sikhs. Guru Gobind Singh Ji and his followers were constantly on the move, evading the Mughal army and defending themselves against attacks. In 1704, the Mughals laid siege to Anandpur Sahib, the city where Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh were born and raised. The brothers, along with their father and other Sikhs, fought bravely during the Battle of Chamkaur, but ultimately, the Mughals were able to breach the city's defenses.

Guru Gobind Singh Ji and a small group of his followers, including Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh, managed to escape the city and flee into the surrounding hills. However, they were pursued by the Mughal army, and a fierce battle ensued. Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh fought alongside their father and their fellow Sikhs with great courage and determination, but ultimately, they were outnumbered and outgunned. Both brothers were killed in the battle, alongside many of their fellow Sikhs.

The martyrdom of Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh is remembered and celebrated by Sikhs as a symbol of their commitment to freedom and justice. The sacrifice of the two brothers is considered a turning point in Sikh history and is often cited as an example of the ultimate sacrifice for one's faith and beliefs. Their sacrifice and martyrdom also show the bravery and courage of the young age and their devotion towards their faith and Guru.

The death of Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh was a great loss for the Sikh community, but it also served as a rallying cry for others to continue the struggle for freedom and justice. Guru Gobind Singh Ji, their father, continued to lead the Sikhs in their fight against the Mughals, and many Sikhs were inspired by the example of Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh to take up arms and join the struggle.

The Martyrdom of Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh is celebrated each year in the month of December, known as Shaheedi Jor Mela, at Chamkaur Sahib, Punjab, India. It is a sacred place for the Sikhs, where they visit and pay their respects to the Sahibzadas who gave their lives for their faith and community.

Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh

During the battle of Chamkaur, Guru Gobind Singh Ji and a small group of his followers, including Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh, managed to escape the city and flee into the surrounding hills. However, they were pursued by the Mughal army, and a fierce battle ensued. Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh were separated from their father and other Sikhs and were captured by the Mughals.

The Mughals took the two young boys as prisoners and brought them to Sirhind, where they were presented to Wazir Khan, the governor of the region. Despite their young age, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh displayed immense courage and conviction in their faith. They refused to renounce their Sikh beliefs or to accept any of the luxuries offered to them by Wazir Khan.

Wazir Khan, outraged by the boys' refusal to convert to Islam, ordered that they be bricked alive. On December 26, 1705, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh were entombed within a wall of cement and bricks, resulting in their tragic death.

The martyrdom of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh is remembered and celebrated by Sikhs as a symbol of their commitment to freedom and justice. The sacrifice of the two brothers is considered a turning point in Sikh history and is often cited as an example of the ultimate sacrifice for one's faith and beliefs. The two brothers were just 9 and 6 years old respectively when they were martyred and their death is considered one of the most tragic and painful deaths in Sikh history.

The Martyrdom of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh is celebrated during the last week of December each year, known as Shaheedi Jor Mela, at Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India. The place where the two brothers were martyred is today known as Fatehgarh Sahib and it is a sacred place for the Sikhs, where they visit and pay their respects to the Sahibzadas who gave their lives for their faith and community.

In conclusion, ( Chaar Sahibzaade ) Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh, Zorawar Singh, and Fateh Singh were not just the sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji, they were also warrior-saints who gave their lives in the service of their faith and community. Their sacrifice and martyrdom continue to inspire Sikhs to this day and serve as a reminder of the importance of standing up for one's beliefs and fighting for freedom and justice.

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Sahibzadas Zoravar Singh and Fateh Singh

The brave and fearless Sikhs of guru Gobind Singh were engaged for months together in a prolonged battle with the Mughal army outside the fort of Anandpur. Emperor Aurungzeb sent a message on Oath that if the Guru and his Sikhs left the fort they would be allowed to go whereever they please.

Guru Gobind Singh had his doubts, but on being persuaded by his devoted Sikhs, he reluctantly agreed to leave the fort. However it happened exactly as the Guru had apprehended. As soon as Sikhs came out of the fort the Mughal Army pounced upon them. A fierce battle was fought on the banks of Sirsa River. The Valiant Sikhs faced the enemy with unparalled courage. Each one of them killed quite a few Moghul soldiers before sacrificing himself.

The two elder brothers, Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh , accompanied their father Guru Gobind Singh. After Crossing Sirsa river, they stayed for the night at Roper and reached the Chamkaur Fort early next morning. After an arduous journey Mata Gujri Ji along with the two Sahibzadas, reached the hut of a Muslim water carrier, Kuma. On seeing Mataji he rushed out and, with folded hands, requested Mataji to bless his humble cottage by staying therein. Mataji was pleased with his devotion. Since it was getting dark, she decided to halt there for the night.

On getting duet the old Guru’s domestic servant, Gangu arrived the next morning. He requested Mataji to go with him to his village. He assured her that their whereabouts will not be known to the Emperor’s officials and they would be quite safe there. Mataji was a little reluctant but on his persistent requests she agreed. After getting their luggage loaded on a pony, all of them set out for his village. The two Sahibzadas went walking along with their grand mother. Off and on, they would enquire about their father and the elder brothers, Sahibzadas Ajit Singh and Jujhar Singh.

After trekking the whole day, they reached village Kheri in the evening. On arrival in Gangu’s house Mataji put her bag and baggage in a corner of one of the rooms. Sahibzadas Zorowar Singh and Fateh Singh changed their clothes and set their beddings, recited the holy evening prayer and went to sleep in their grand-mother’s embrace.

At midnight Gangu quietly stole into their room, looked at Mataji who was resting in her bed with her eyes shut. Presuming that she was fast asleep, he bent down, put his hands into the bag, removed the gold coins and slipped out of the room. Mataji heard the sound of footsteps but she just slept over it and continued resting as usual. When she got up the next morning, she asked Gangu, “Our things are lying scattered about, I hope the outer door was closed. Wnere are the-gold coins?” Gangu just looked blank. Without uttering a word he rushed out of the house and started shouting for help to trace the thief. Mataji called him in and asked him not to make unnecessary fuss. Gangu, however, persisted in saying that the thief must be found out. Mataji tried to pacify him and asked him to keep the gold coins if he so wished. At this Gangu flew into rage, “So you are suspecting me. How ungrateful of you. I have given you refuge and this is the reward I get.” Mata Gujri made every effort to persuade him to see reason. Gangu, however, would not listen to any advice. He left his house and headed straight for the Police station at Morinda. On arrival at Morinda, he went straight to the Kotwal. After paying his respects he told him that he desired to convey some confidential information. On an enquiry by the Kotwal, Gangu confided to him in a low voice that Guru Gobind Singh’s mother and his two young sons were hiding in his house. The Kotwal was pleased to get this news. He called his constables and sent them along with Gangu to his house to arrest them.

When the constables reached Gangu’s house, some neighbours peeped out. The constables ran to the back of the house and were surprised to see Mata Gurji ji and the two Sahibzadas sitting unconcerned. They apprised them of the Kotwal’s orders to arrest them. Mata Gujri ji embraced the two Sahibzadas who were ready to go. Sahibzada Zorawar singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh and Mata Gujri ji accommpanied the constables. A small crowd had collected outside the house Ganga was standing aside with downcast eyes. People were cursing him for his dishonesty and betrayal. A woman remarked “How trecherous! He brought them to his house and then went and informed the authorities”. They were wondering why the young innocent boys and respected old lady were being escorted to the police station. They were impressed by the divine looks and the graceful bearing of Mata ji.

On arrival at the police station Mata Gujri ji and the two Sahibzadas were lodged in the Kotwali for the night. Both brothers listened to the tales of bravery of the followers of Guru Nanak, story of the unique martyrdom of Guru Arjun Dev and Guru Tegh Bahadur from their dear and affectionate grand mother. All three joined in reciting the sacred evening Sikh prayer, Rahras and Kirtan Sohila – before going to bed. Early next morning they were taken in a bullock cart to Bassi police station. News of their arrest had spread far and wide. Large crowds collected everywhere on the way. People were surprised that the young innocent boys had been put under arrest along with their venerable grand mother. The fearless looks of the Sahibzadas aroused their admiration and they observed, “They are the brave sons of their brave father”. The remarks of the on-lookers made the constables panicky and they started walking fast. The cart-driver also whipped the bullocks so that they could reach Sirhind quickly. On arrival at Sirhind, they were lodged for the night in a cold room in the tower. At a great risk to his life, one of the devotees of Guru, Bhai Moti managed to send milk for Mataji and the Sahibzadas. Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh listened to episodes from Sikh History related to them by their grand-mother. On hearing about the ideals set by the Gurus the two Sahibzadas assured Mata Gujri ji that they would stand by their faith and follow in the foot steps of their illustrious father. Mataji was pleased to hear this and admired her grand children’s courage and firm determination.

Next morning the police constables appeared again and told Mataji that they had orders for taking the two boys to the Nawab’s court. On an enquiry by Mataji as to why they were called there, they answered that they were not aware of the reasons, their duty was to obey orders only. Mataji embraced her grandsons, blessed them and asked them to uphold the sacred traditions of the Gurus. The two Sahibzadas pledged to do so and departed cheerfully. The two Sahibzadas walked to the court boldly along with the constables. As they reached the Court they noticed that the big gate was closed and there was only a small window for gaining entry to the Court. It was setup so that the Sons of Guru Gobind Singh would have to bow to Quran which Qazi was holding in his hands across the door. The intelligent Sahibzadas saw through the game. They put their feet forward and jumped inside through the window without bowing their heads.

The Nawab’s court was in session. As the two Sahibzadas stepped inside, they greeted the courtiers with the Sikh salutation — Wahguru ji ka Khalsa, Wahguru ji ki Fateh “The Khalsa is God’s own Victory be to God” The court resounded with their greeting. All the courtiers were greatly impressed by their fearless behaviour. Dressed in saffron shirts with Kirpans worn round their wrists, the Sahibzadas looked very sweet. Nawab Wazir Khan addressed them in an affectionate tone: “What sweet and brave faces! Islam will be proud to have you within its fold. Just recite Kalma (Muslim benediction) and we shall welcome you in our midst. You will get anything for the asking”

The two sahibzadas shouted back in one voice. “we care not for the worldly wealth. We shall not renounce our religion at any cost” The nawab got annoyed at their reply but just kept quiet. Adressing the qazi the nawab said, “Have you observed the insolent behaviour of these boys! Don’t regard them as innocent. They are the rebellious sons of a rebel. They will have to be punished.” The qazi told the nawab that, according to islamic law, the two boys were not guilty of any crime. They could not be held responisble for their father’s actions. The nawab observed, however, “They are rebels too. Haven’t you heard their rude statements!”. The Qazi answered, “But they have not committed any crime”. Nawab Wazir Khan was taken aback at the Qazi’s unexpected reply. Nawab Wazir Khan again tried to pursued them and said ” You are still young and innocent. It is your age for enjoyment and fun. If you listen to our advice, you will enjoy life to your heart’s content in this world and be blessed with a glorious life in Paradise”

Dewan Sucha Nand was taken aback at their reply. Addressing the Nawab he said, “Sir killing the serpent and feeding his young ones would not be wise. When these young kids grow up, they will rebel against the government. They must be punished and should, on no account, be released.” The Nawab listened to what Dewan Sucha Nand said. The two Sahibzadas were in a playful mood, talkin to each other fearlessly and quite unconcerned when the Nawab, the Qazi and Dewan Sucha Nand were engaged in this conversation. The courtiers were quite amazed at the lack of any fear or anxiety on their faces even though it was a question of life and death for them. The Nawab said to the Qazi again, “You have heard the impertinent answers given by them to Dewan Sucha Nand. It would not be safe to release them. They are sure to raise the banner of revolt, like their father when they grow up.

Instead, the children bore the emotional scars of a purchase cheap cialis dysfunctional system. It occurs 3 to 6 months after the cialis line prescription drug was released. Damaged reproductive organ needs to be massaged thoroughly with the use of the generic sex pills of cialis prices . Erectile dysfunction is one of the worst ordine cialis on line diseases that can break the relationship of a man and woman. The Qazi had listened to the conversation that took place between Dewan Sucha Nand and the two bold sons of Guru Gobind singh. After some deliberations he pronounced the judgement and ordered that they be bricked up alive in a wall. (a standard punishment taken straight from Quran for “seditious activities against muslim state”) Sahibzadas heard the sentence without dismay but the courtiers were taken aback on hearing the judgement. The Qazi advised the Nawab further that they be handed over to the Nawab of Malerkotla for carrying out the sentence since his brother met his end at the hands of the Guru so that he can have his revege by getting his sons buried alive.

Nawab Wazir Khan called Sher Mohammad Khan, the Nawab of Malerkotla, and conveyed the Qazi’s orders to him, “Your brother lost his life at the hands of Guru Gobind Singh. Here is an oppurtunity for you to wreak your vengeance. The Qazi has sentenced these two sons of Guru Gobind Singh to death and has further ordered that they be bricked alive. We are handing them over to you for doing the needful” On hearing this Sher Mohammad Khan was dumb founded. After some pause he said to the Nawab in a faltering voice, “This is cruelty! my brother was killed on the battlefield. These innocent boys are not responsible for his death. If we have to take revenge it shall be from the father. God save us from this sinful act.” Saying this he got up and remarked in a mournful tone, “O God, how cruel!”

Thereafter the Nawab ordered that both the boys be sent back to the tower. He directed his officials to arrange for executioners who would brick them alive in between two walls, which may be constructed immediately. The sahibzadas reached the tower and gave a report of the proceedings of the court to their grand mother. She embraced her grandsons patted them on their backs for their courageous and bold stand and said, “You have rightly upheld the dignity and honour of your revered grand-father and your valiant father May God ever abide with you.”

Next morning they were taken to the Nawab’s court. The Nawab asked them again, “I do hope you have made up your mind to embrace Islam, otherwise, as you know, you will be bricked up alive.” Both the Sahibzadas proclaimed fearlessly, “we shall never give up our faith, whatever may be the consequences. Death has no meaning for us.” The Nawab was simply amazed at their determined annd firm reply. One of his officials stepped forward, and said to the Nawab, “Sir the two royal executioners of Delhi, Shisal Beg and Vishal Beg, are present in the court for hearing of their cacse. They are prepared to carry out your orders for bricking up these boys alive if they are granted pardon.” The nawab called them and told them, “Your request for pardon has been granted on condition that you brick up these two sons of Guru Gobind Singh alive in a wall.”

The constables took away both the Sahibzadas. A large crowd had collect Nawab that the two young innocent sons of Guru Gobind Singh were to be bricked alive. “What crime have they committed? ” Said one “How cruel and inhuman. O God! ” exclaimed another. “But they are not terrified,”remarked a lady in the crowd. “They are brave sons of their brave father, Guru Gobind Singh,”Pat came the remark by her companion. The constables who were escorting the two Sahibzadas, were getting perturbed on hearin such observations from the crowd and were rushing forward.

The Sahibzads were brought to the spot where a wall was bring raised. Both of them were made to stand side by side. The Qazi arrived there soon after and tried to pursuade them to accept Islam and not to cut short their lives. Even the executioners tried to prevail upon them but they were both unflinching in their determination and told the executioners, “Raise the wall fast and bury the Moghul Raj Quickly. Don’t delay for a minute.” Thereafter both of them started reciting Japji while the wall was going up brick by brick. The wall went up higher and higher until it reached their chests. The Nawab and Qazi approached them and said to them in an affectionate tone, “There is still time for you to save your lives, just recie the Kalma and the wall will be pulled down immediately.” The Sahibzadas shouted loudly, “We shall not give up our faith death does not frighten us.” Both the Nawab and Qazi were amazed at their steadfast determination. Tears flowed from the eyes of onlookers, as they observed, “Blessed be their mother who gave birth to such children.” The wall went up still higher and it ws shoulder high. Sahibzada Zorawar Singh said to his younger brother, “They are putting us to test. They do not know that the Sikhs of Guru Nanak are fearless. Our Fifth Guru Arjan Dev faced martyrdom cheerfully on burning iron pans. Whereas he guided humanity to the path of a truthful and noble life, he also set an example of facing death boldly and with full faith in God.” The younger brother Sahibzada Fateh Singh remarked, “The martyrdom of our revered grand father, Guru Teg Bahadur was also unique. We shall soon join him. He is waiting us.” Later both the Sahibzadas became unconscious. The executioners became nervous and consulted each other. “They are now nearing their end. There is no need to raise the wall further. Why not cut short their agony by beheading them? It is already getting dark.” The wall was pulled down. They brought the unconscious Sahibzadas out laid them flat on the ground and, in an instant, martyred them. People in the crowd were shocked at this ghastly act. They sighed in dismay, “what cruelty!”

As soon as the two Sahibzadas attained martyrdom, Mata Gujri ji, who was sitting in meditation in the tower, breathed her last. The messenger who came with the news of the martyrdom of the Sahibzads found that Mata-Ji had already attained salvation. There was great commotion in the town of Sirhind. Everyone was furious at the atrocious crime. They were unanimous in their view that this heinous act would herald the doomsday of the Moghul Empire. They admired the courage and steadfastness of the brave sons of Guru Gobind Singh and remarked, “What determination at this young age! They did not budge an inch from their position in spite of several allurements by the Nawab and Qazi.”

The same evening Dewan Todar Mal, a jeweller reached Nawab Wazir Khan’s court for permission to cremate the dead bodies of the two Sahibzadas and Mata Gurji. The Nawab agreed on condition that the dewan paid for the required piece of land by spreading as many Gold coins as would cover the entire spot. The dewan accepted the terms and brought bagfulls of Gold coins. He marked the site and spread coins on entire piece of land he selected for cremation. The two martyred young sons of Guru Gobind Singh were cremated with full honours along with their grand mother. There is no parallel to the martyrdom of such young boys in the annals of human history. Sahibzada Fateh Singh was less than Six years old (born 1699) and Sahibzada Zorawar Singh was just over eight (born in 1696). They laid down their lives in December 1705. They were bricked alive but did not bow before the tyranny of the Moghul government. Guru Gobind Singh was at the time in the forests of Machhiwara when the news of the martyrdom of his younger sons reached him. On hearing this he pulled out a plant with the tip of his arrow and prophesized that this tragedy will herald the uprooting of Moghal Empire in India. And to the Emperor he wrote: “It matters little if a jackal through cunning and treachery succeeds in killing two lion’s cubs, for the lion himself lives to inflict retribution on you.”

Guru Gobind Singh addressed his followers thus: “I have sacrificed four sons for the survival of the thousands of my sons who ar still alive.” (All Sikhs are Guru Gobind Singh’s sons and daughers). A wave of anguish gripped the country at the news of the martyrdom of the Sahibzadas. After some time the recluse Banda Bairagi came under the influence of Guru Gobind Singh ji, and was made Khalsa as Banda Singh Bahadur. He shook the Moghul empire and the town of Sirhind was reduced to the utter ruins.

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The Punjab Pulse

Centre for Socio-Cultural Studies

The story of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh

December 25, 2022 By Jaibans Singh

Jaibans Singh

Some acts and deeds are so profound that they change the course of history! One such is the martyrdom of the two younger sons of the tenth master of the Sikhs, Guru Gobind Singh Ji! The young and innocent boys, Sahibzada (Prince) Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh attained martyrdom on 26, December, 1704, when they were brutally murdered by Wazir Khan the Mughal Governor of Sirhind.

The month of December has a special significance for the Sikh community. It was in this month that the combined forces of the Mughals and the small hill principalities used perfidious deceit to draw out Guru Gobind Singh, his family and followers from the Anandpur Sahib fortress and then sought their destruction. These forces, under Wazir Khan, promised (upon the holy Quran) safe passage to the Guru from Anandpur Sahib but attacked them with overwhelming numbers when they came out. The two Sahibzadas’ aged nine years and seven years, along with their grandmother Mata Gurjar Kaur got separated from the main contingent as they left the fort. They were promised refuge by an old retainer named Gangu in his native village Sahedi, but were handed over to the Sirhind administration of the Mughals, in what can be termed as the worst possible breach of trust and faith.

It is notable here that the main contingent of the Sikhs fought to the last man at Chamkaur where Guru Gobind Singh took up a defensive position with a handful of Sikhs. The elder sons of the Guru, Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh attained martyrdom while fighting in the Battle of Chamkaur. He too wished to fight to the last but was disallowed to do so by his Khalsa who invoked the Panj Pyara tradition to order his to escape and fight for the Sikh cause.

Wazir Khan came back to Sirhind a defeated and frustrated man having failed to kill or arrest the Guru. He was filled with fear at the prospect of the Guru’s reprisal for the deceitful manner in which he had behaved. He was also scared of the wrath of Emperor Auragnzeb having failed to capture or kill the Guru despite having at his disposal a huge army that vastly outnumbered the Sikh forces. It was against the backdrop of this fear and frustration that he attempted subjected the young princes to the worst form of torture and intimidation with the intention of forcing Guru Gobind Singh to come to their aid.

He kept them and their grandmother in a Thanda Burj (a cold tower) that was designed to capture the cool night breezes of air drawn over water channels; a perfect place for the summers but very uncomfortable indeed in the peak of winters and that too at night, especially so for the very young Sahibzadas’.

Mata Gurjar Kaur refused to partake food made in the Mughal kitchen which enraged Wazir Khan. He passed an order that anybody attempting to assist the prisoners would be killed. Despite this order, Moti Ram Mehra, a devotee of Guru Gobind Singh who worked in the Hindu kitchen of the Mughals, secretly brought water and milk for the Sahibzadas to the Thanda Burj. This was a poignant example of humanity asserting itself even under the most terrible circumstances.

Guru Gobind Singh was not lured to Sirhind since he had given a solemn promise to his Khalsa that he would stay alive to further the battle for justice and freedom. Wazir Khan then hit upon the idea of gaining control over the young Sahibzadas’ by converting them to Islam and then keeping them captive in his custody. Thisoffer was made to the Sahibzadas who rejected the same with absolute disdain which left Wazir Khan even more flustered and very angry..

Wazir Khan then subjected the princes to a trial in his court which lasted for two days. On the second day in court he tried to pass of the sentencing to Sher Mohd Khan, the Nawab of Malerkotla, whose two brothers had been killed in battle by Guru Gobind Singh. Sher Mohd Kahn exhibited the highest form of chivalry by refusing to take revenge from ladies and children and advised Wazir Khan to release the Sahibzadas’ and their grandmother, he left the Court when Wazir Khan refused to heed his advise.

Chotte Sahibzade being bricked alive on orders of Wazir Khan

The next day, Wazir Khan once again resorted to torture and intimidation. He tied Baba Fateh Singh to a tree and told his soldiers to fire stones at him with a Gulel (slingshot). One of the stones damaged the eye of the young prince who was again asked whether he would embrace Islam. The young prince put his hand on his damaged eye and shook his head to say that he would not do so. The Sahibzadas were also asked as to what they would do if they were to be released, to which they replied that they would go back to their father, collect an Army and destroy the evil regime of the Mughals, especially Wazir Khan. Wazir Khan then committed the most gruesome act which goes against all tenets of honour and principle. He declared the two innocent boys to be enemies of the Mughal Empire and ordered them to be bricked alive.

The courageous princes were incarcerated into the wall. The wall, however, broke down before the boys lost their breath and then was committed the most ghastly acts of all. Wazir Khan ordered the executioners to slit the throats of the young princes. On hearing the news of the martyrdom their grandmother Mata Gurjar Kaur also breathed her last.

Guru Gobind Singh Ji charged his disciple, Baba Banda Singh Bahadur, to avenge the murder of the Sahibzadas. Baba Banda Singh Bahadur came from Nanded (in modern day Maharashtra) to Punjab for the ordained task, Sikhs in large numbers joined him. He first took Samana and Sadhaura on the periphery of Sirhind and finally attacked Wazir Khan. The ensuing clash known as the Battle of Chappar Chiri took place on 22 May 1710. It witnessed the larger Mughal forces being crushed by the Sikhs. Wazir Khan was killed in the battle and Sirhind occupied in the next two days.

There was a long standing need to disseminate the story of the Sahibzadas’ far and wide within India and across the world as a true example of standing up for what is just and righteous. Effort directed towards this end by the Sikh community and by the Indian government have resulted in 26 December being observed as “Veer Bal Diwas.” Now the story of the Sahibzadas is being narrated all across the nation in schools, colleges, institutions and communities and is motivating all humanity, especially the youth.

(Jaibans Singh is a reputed columnist and author. E-mail: [email protected])

The Punjab Pulse is an independent, non-partisan think tank engaged in research and in-depth study of all aspects the impact the state of Punjab and Punjabis at large. It strives to provide a platform for a wide ranging dialogue that promotes the interest of the state and its peoples.

Some acts and deeds are so profound that they change the course of history! One such is the martyrdom of the two younger sons of the tenth master of the Sikhs, Guru Gobind Singh. The young and innocent boys, Sahibzada (Prince) Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh attained martyrdom on December 26, 1705, when they were brutally murdered by Wazir Khan, the Mughal Governor of Sirhind.

The month of December has a special significance for the Sikh community. It was in this month that the combined forces of the Mughals and the small hill principalities used perfidious deceit to draw out Guru Gobind Singh, his family and followers from the Anandpur Sahib fortress and then sought their destruction. These forces, under Wazir Khan, promised the Guru a safe passage from Anandpur Sahib, but attacked them with overwhelming numbers when they came out. The two Sahibzadas, aged nine years and seven years, along with their grandmother, Mata Gurjar Kaur, got separated from the main contingent as they left the fort. They were promised refuge by an old retainer named Gangu in his native village Sahedi, but were handed over to the Sirhind administration of the Mughals, in what is surely the worst possible breach of trust and faith.

It is notable that the main contingent of the Sikhs fought to the last man at Chamkaur where Guru Gobind Singh took up a defensive position with a handful of Sikhs. The elder sons of the Guru, Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh, attained martyrdom in the Battle of Chamkaur. The Guru lost his four sons and his mother in the ensuing tragic turn of events, but was saved in person by the bravery and sacrifice of his dedicated followers.

Wazir Khan came back to Sirhind a defeated and frustrated man having failed to kill or arrest the Guru. He would have been filled with fear at the prospect of the Guru’s reprisals for the deceitful manner in which he had behaved. It was against the backdrop of this fear and frustration that he attempted to gain control over the young Sahibzadas’ by converting them to Islam and then keeping them captive in his custody.

To achieve this objective, Wazir Khan subjected the young princes to the worst form of torture and intimidation, he kept them and their grandmother in a Thanda Burj (cold tower) that was designed to capture the cool night breezes drawn over water channels - a perfect place for the summers but very uncomfortable in the middle of winters and that too at night, especially so for the very young Sahibzadas.

Wazir Khan subjected the princes to a trial in his court which lasted for two days. On the first day, the princes were cajoled to embrace Islam and offered immense riches and power on agreeing to do so. The princes rejected the offer with absolute disdain which left Wazir Khan flustered and very angry. On the second day, he tried to pass off the sentencing to Sher Mohd Khan, the Nawab of Malerkotla, whose two brothers had been killed in battle by Guru Gobind Singh. Sher Mohd Kahn exhibited the highest form of chivalry by refusing to take revenge from ladies and children and advised Wazir Khan to release the Sahibzadas and their grandmother.

Wazir Khan now committed the most gruesome act which goes against all tenets of honour and principle. He declared the two innocent boys to be enemies of the Mughal Empire and ordered them to be bricked alive. The execution was slated for the next day. History chronicles other atrocities and torture committed on the young boys even as last minute attempts were made to intimidate them into changing their mind and converting to Islam. The courageous princes refused and were incarcerated into the wall. The wall, however, broke down before the boys lost their breath and then was committed the most ghastly acts of all. Wazir Khan ordered the executioners to slit the throats of the young princes. On hearing the news of their martyrdom, Mata Gurjar Kaur also breathed her last.

The manner in which the two Sahibzadas stood against injustice and discrimination has no parallels in the annals of history. The ruthless depravity of their prosecutors constitutes the other end of the spectrum. The courage and fortitude exhibited by the young princes galvanised the Sikh/Khalsa community into rising against persecution and injustice. Guru Gobind Singh Ji charged his disciple, Baba Banda Singh Bahadur, to avenge the murder of the Sahibzadas.

Baba Banda Singh Bahadur came from Nanded (in modern day Maharashtra) to Punjab for the ordained task; Sikhs joined him in large numbers. He first took Samana and Sadhaura on the periphery of Sirhind and finally attacked Wazir Khan. The ensuing clash, known as the Battle of Chappar Chiri, took place on May 22, 1710. It witnessed the larger Mughal forces being crushed by the Sikhs. Wazir Khan was killed in the battle and Sirhind occupied in the next two days.

The martyrdom of the Sahibzadas thus heralded the creation of the Sikh Empire from the debris of the Mughal Empire and the Afghan principalities, changing the very destiny of the South Asian region in general and Punjab in particular. The Sikh Empire created by Maharaja Ranjit Singh, though short lived, is known for its just, benevolent and secular rule based on the tenets of law.

Independent India has witnessed a similar sense of righteous nationalism permeating from the small Sikh community that remains in the forefront of every national endeavour, be it safeguarding the sovereignty of the nation or contributing to its progress and prosperity. All of this finds motivation, in no small measure, from the story of the young Sahibzadas.

The story of the Sahibzadas needs to be disseminated far and wide within India and across the world as a true example of standing up for what is just and righteous. Effort needs to be directed towards this end by the Sikh community and its institutions as also by the Indian government and other cultural bodies. There is a need institute studies, create literature and make all efforts to disseminate the historical facts in a manner that they motivate all humanity.

Jaibans Singh is a reputed columnist and author; his e-mail is [email protected]

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Martyrdom of Ajit Singh, Jujhar Singh

Dr. kulwant singh khokhar, martyrdom of zorawar singh, fateh singh.

Why lose your faith to save your life, Faith lives with you, even after you die.

The joint forces of the emperor and the rajas of the Himachal, not considering their solemn promises given to the tenth Guru, attacked him when he left the fort of Anandpur Sahib. It was a cold winter night of December, 1704. Attack by the enemy forces and difficulties of crossing the flooded Sirsa river resulted in the separation of the Sikhs. As mentioned in the previous sakhi, Guru Gobind Singh with his two elder sons and forty Sikhs reached the village Chamkaur. The two younger sons of the Guru and his mother were lost and reached the village of Kheri. They went to the house of Gangu, who used to serve them at Anandpur. To obtain awards from the government for helping them arrest the children and the mother of the Guru, Gangu reported the matter to the police stationed at Morinda. The policemen quickly came to Gangu's house, arrested them and took them to the Governor of Sirhind, to obtain rewards for catching the "rebels".

What greater catch could the governor dream of than capturing alive the family of the Guru, particularly because he had failed to kill the Guru? He decided to convert the young sons of the Guru to Islam by any means. He offered many baits to the children and made promises of royal life if they agreed to become Muslims. The boys, however, remained firm in their faith. Therefore, the governor adopted force and a harsh attitude to pressure them into becoming Muslims.

Fateh Singh and Zorawar Singh at the Mughal Court

To torture them, the children and their grandmother were locked up in a watchtower, which was very cold. They sat all night without even a blanket to put around them. The elder son, Baba Zorawar Singh was just 8 years old, while the younger son, Baba Fateh Singh was only 6 years old.

The children exhibited no fear at all when they were presented the next day in the court of Wazid Khan, the governor. They acted gracefully like princes and with great self confidence uttered, Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa, Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh. This angered Wazid Khan very much. He was annoyed that the children had not bowed before him, to show him respect. He personally threatened them with many forms of punishment and torture if they did not act according to his wishes and embrace Islam. The children again firmly refused to give up their faith.

Having failed to frighten the children and mold them to his wishes, Wazid felt humiliated. When Baba Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh bluntly told him they would not adopt Islam under the threats of death or torture, he ordered them to be bricked alive in a wall.

Younger sons of Guru Gobind Singh being bricked alive

While being bricked, the children showed no sign of fear or sadness on their faces. When asked to save their lives by giving up their faith, they again firmly said, "No!" When the wall reached their shoulders, it is said it fell down. The children were taken out from the debris and were heartlessly murdered in cold blood.

This sacrifice of Guru Gobind Singh's sons, only six and eight years old, will forever be remembered by young and old alike to learn lessons from their lives. Firm belief in faith, freedom of worship, and refusal to submit to any kind of attack by rulers is the way to live or to die.

Retaining his faith for a Sikh, is superior to retaining his life. Whatever we may do, inevitably we are going to die. Why not die with courage?

Note: These kinds of tyrannical acts of the rulers revealed the imbalance of their minds and their unsuitability to run the government. The people were enraged and revolted against them. When Banda Singh Bahadur came to Punjab, the people attacked Sirhind in 1710, destroying all roots of the oppressive rule.

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Martyrdom of Four Sahibzadas: An Eternal Tribute

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Martyrdom of Four Sahibzadas – 26 December

“Waheguru ji ka Khalsa, Waheguru ji ki Fateh”

Table of Contents

The history of the Sikhs and of Punjab is incomplete without an honourable and sombre mention of the martyrdom of the four ‘Sahibzadas’, the younger sons of Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru.

The Sikh Legacy: A Journey of Faith and Courage

The word ‘Sikh’ in Punjabi originates from the Sanskrit word ‘Shishya’, which translates to ‘learner’ or ‘disciple’. The Sikhs, as a community, embody the spirit of discipleship and follow the path laid down by the revered gurus, from Guru Nanak Dev ji to Guru Gobind Singh ji. These gurus played a pivotal role in uniting and empowering the people of northern India in particular.

Guru Nanak Dev Ji: The Foundation of Sikhism

While a martial tradition took root within the Sikh philosophy at a slightly later stage, even Guru Nanak Dev ji, the founder of Sikhism, was a revolutionary figure in both religious and social spheres. He rejected the divisions and inequalities perpetuated by the caste system and orthodox social conventions, proclaiming the equality of all individuals. His teachings laid the foundation for a more inclusive and egalitarian society.

Guru Gobind Singh: The Saint-Soldier

Moving forward, Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru of the Sikhs, often referred to as the Saint-Soldier, was a culmination of the spiritual light that began with Guru Nanak, and the martial tradition that some of his predecessors had encouraged and honed.

The Khalsa and the Struggle Against Tyranny

In his youth, he immersed himself in self-education and was deeply influenced by the belief that God sent saviours to uphold righteousness and combat evil. He felt a personal calling. And with the establishment of the Khalsa – literally, the ‘pure’, an embodiment and codification the Sikh identity – Guru Gobind Singh aimed to create a community of the fearless and selfless.

The Betrayal and The Battle of Chamkaur

However, the rulers of the time perceived him as a threat to their authority. After his twelfth battle against some of the tyrannic rulers of the times, he was compelled to leave his home base in Anandpur. This was upon receiving a promising message from the rulers that if the Guru evacuated Anandpur, the fighting would cease, and he and his Sikhs would be unharmed. But it was a play of deceit. The Guru and his contingent had barely ventured forth when they were waylaid by those who had assured them of a secure departure.

A Night of Peril and Loss

In a valiant stand, Ajit Singh, the eldest son of the Guru, led the rear-guard against the relentless pursuers. Udai Singh, a warrior of exceptional valour renowned in numerous battles, also took command, holding the enemy at bay, finally succumbing to the uneven struggle. Meanwhile, the Guru reached the swollen Sirsa stream amid a chilling winter, attempting a perilous crossing.

The Flight and Sacrifice

Pressed by the relentless pursuit, the contingent scattered in the harrowing cold night. Some Sikhs lost their lives in the icy waters, while the survivors dispersed. The Guru’s mother, Mata Gujri, along with his younger sons Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh, fortuitously met Gangu, an old household servant, who pledged to guide them safely to his village. Simultaneously, a loyal Sikh from Delhi offered to lead the Guru’s wife to safety. The Guru’s party dwindled to forty Sikhs and his two elder sons, Ajit Singh and Jujhar Singh.

The Siege of Chamkaur

Hotly pursued by troops bolstered by reinforcements from Delhi, as well as local chieftains eager for any chance to attack, the Guru sought refuge in a mud-walled house in the village of Chamkaur. He orchestrated the defence, dividing his small force to cover each side of the improvised fortress. Alam Singh and Man Singh took sentinel roles, while the Guru, his sons, and warriors Daya Singh and Sant Singh, positioned themselves on the top floor.

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The Battle Against Overwhelming Odds

As the advancing massive army encircled the village tightly, an epic struggle commenced, pitting the forty against a multitudinous horde. The imperial army attempted to scale the house’s walls but faced resolute resistance. By nightfall, only five Sikhs remained, the lone survivors of the valiant warriors.

The Guru’s Departure from Chamkaur

Faced with a seemingly hopeless situation, the survivors made a resolution, urging the Guru to leave Chamkaur for the sake of the Khalsa’s future. Reluctantly, the Guru yielded. Sant Singh and Sangat Singh chose to stay in the fortress, while Daya Singh, Dharam Singh, and Man Singh accompanied the Guru.

Evading the besieging troops, the Guru emerged from the fortress, extinguishing the night torches with a shower of arrows, creating chaos and allowing his escape. The battle resumed in the morning, and the two Sikhs holding the fortress rained arrows on the encircling army. However, the Mughal soldiers scaled the walls, decapitating Sant Singh and his companion, only to discover the absence of Guru Gobind Singh.

Reflections of a Warrior: The Letter to Aurangzeb

The Battle of Chamkaur, occurring on December 7, 1705 prompted Guru Gobind Singh to reflect in a subsequent letter to Aurangzeb in Persian. He expressed the futile struggle of forty famished men against a large force. Despite engaging in combat, the Sikhs valiantly went forth in batches of five, accepting certain death. The poignant moments arose when the Guru’s sons, Ajit Singh and Jujhar Singh, begged to court death, which the Guru granted.

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The Final Stand of the Sahibzadas

In the group led by Ajit Singh, Alam Singh stood out, along with other martyrs like Mohkam Singh, Sahib Singh, and Himmat Singh. The Guru’s sons displayed extraordinary courage, causing significant destruction before succumbing. Ajit Singh impaled many enemies with his spear, while Jujhar Singh tore through the Mughal army like a crocodile in a stream.

The Siege and the Fall

The Subedar of Lahore, frustrated by the havoc wrought by the small Sikh groups, attempted to storm the fortress but retreated under a barrage of arrows. The Sikhs, despite their whizzing arrows and tumultuous battle, faced insurmountable odds.

The Ultimate Sacrifice: The Martyrdom of Sahibzadas

The Battle of Chamkaur claimed the lives of two of Guru Gobind Singh’s four sons in a single day. Near Sirhind, within a week, the Guru’s remaining sons, not yet in their teens, faced the executioner’s sword with equal courage, also facing deceit. Gangu, entrusted with the Guru’s younger sons and their grandmother after the calamitous Sirsa crossing, betrayed their trust.

Accompanying him to his village, Saheri, the unsuspecting wards followed, finding hospitality in his home. However, Gangu, driven by deceit, stole from Mata Gujari’s belongings and feigned ignorance, casting blame on others, when confronted.

Betrayal and Imprisonment

Protesting vehemently, Gangu informed the village headman of Guru Gobind Singh’s family in his house. Together, they sought a handsome reward from the chief of Morinda for divulging such valuable information. The chief, eager to have important hostages, took the Guru’s children and mother into custody, eventually handing them over to Nawab Wazir Khan of Sirhind.

The Trial and Courage of the Young Sahibzadas

The prisoners of Sirhind, who had led expeditions against the Guru, were confined in a tower of the fort. On December 9, 1705 the Guru’s sons were summoned to appear before Wazir Khan.

The grandmother found it painful to part with her grandsons, but Zorawar Singh urged them to face the inevitable. In court, the young boys boldly greeted with ‘Wahguru ji ka Khalsa, Wahguru ji ki Fateh’, astonishing everyone. Sucha Nand, a minister, informed them of their family’s fate and advised to convert faith for survival.

Unyielding Faith and the Ultimate Sacrifice

Zorawar Singh’s resolute response emphasized their upbringing to bow before God and the Guru alone. Rejecting conversion, they faced the wrath of Wazir Khan, who promised leniency, estates, and noble marriages if they converted their faith.

Unyielding, the brothers asserted they sought neither wealth nor position, willing to forfeit their lives but not their faith. Wazir Khan ordered them to a prison cell, later bricking them up in a wall alive. Both laid their lives but were unshakeable in their faith.

The Aftermath: A Legacy of Bravery and Faith

Todar Mal, a wealthy merchant, arrived too late to pay ransom for the release of Guru Gobind Singh’s children. He broke the tragic news to Mata Gujari, who, consumed with anxiety during those tormenting days, fell into a swoon, from which she never recovered.

The martyrdom of ‘Sahibzadas’ has no parallel in human history. To pay tribute to such unprecedented martyrdom of the Sahibzadas of the tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh Ji, 26 December is celebrated as “Veer Bal Diwas”. The sacrifice of the Guru’s young sons remains a poignant and morally uplifting testament to their unwavering faith and courage. Post Source: CBSE

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The valor of the char sahibzade: a tale of sacrifice and courage.

In the heart of Punjab, during the tumultuous times of the Mughal empire, four young souls stood unwaveringly against tyranny and injustice. They were the Char Sahibzade, the four noble sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji. Their names echoed through history, etching their valor and sacrifice into the annals of Sikhism. We pay tributes to four Sahibzadas every year on Martyrdom Days from December 26 to 28 at Fatehgarh Sahib.

Baba Ajit Singh:

Born on a crisp winter morning, Ajit Singh was the eldest. His name meant “Invincible, ” and indeed, he embodied that spirit. At the tender age of twelve, he stood alongside his father, Guru Gobind Singh, as they initiated the Khalsa order. The immortal nectar flowed through his veins, and he became Sahibzada Ajit Singh. When the fortress of Chamkaur was besieged, Ajit Singh volunteered to face the enemy. With five brave companions, he charged into battle. His sword flashed like lightning, and his courage blazed like a thousand suns. But fate had other plans. On that fateful day, Ajit Singh attained martyrdom, leaving behind a legacy of fearlessness.

Baba Jujhar Singh:

Jujhar Singh, the second son, was born with fire in his eyes. His name meant “Warrior, ” and he lived up to it. At the age of eight, he stood shoulder-to-shoulder with his family during the Vaisakhi ceremony. The Khalsa order was born, and Jujhar Singh became Sahibzada Jujhar Singh.

When the fortress walls crumbled, and the Singhs dwindled, Jujhar Singh remained unyielding. Like a crocodile in battle, he fought fiercely. Alongside the last five standing warriors, he faced the enemy. Their sacrifice immortalized them, and Jujhar Singh’s name echoed through eternity.

Baba Zorawar Singh:

Zorawar Singh, the third son, was born with a spirit as unyielding as the mountains. His name meant “Brave.” He, too, drank from the Khalsa’s chalice, becoming Sahibzada Zorawar Singh.

Captured by the Mughals, Zorawar Singh and his younger brother, Fateh Singh, faced unimaginable trials. They refused to renounce their faith, even when threatened with death. The walls of Sirhind witnessed their unwavering resolve. Immured alive, they embraced martyrdom, their spirits soaring beyond mortal bounds.

Baba Fateh Singh:

Fateh Singh, the youngest, embodied victory. His name meant “Triumph.” Like his brothers, he stood before the Khalsa congregation, receiving the sacred amrit. Sahibzada Fateh Singh, the embodiment of courage. Fateh Singh’s laughter echoed through the prison walls. His innocence baffled the captors. But he clung to his faith, even as darkness closed in. Alongside Zorawar Singh, he faced the ultimate sacrifice. Their spirits soared, transcending earthly pain.

And so, the Char Sahibzade, these young lions of righteousness, became legends. Their sacrifice fueled the flames of Sikhism, inspiring generations to come. In the ardas, the Sikh prayer, their names resound: “Char Sahibzade, the four princes of the Khalsa warrior order.” Their valor remains etched in the hearts of those who seek truth, justice, and unwavering faith.

May their memory forever illuminate our path, reminding us that even in the darkest hours, courage and sacrifice can transform ordinary mortals into immortal heroes.

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छोटे साहिबजादों के साथ वजीर खान की क्रूरता: Martyrdom of Younger Sahibzadas

Martyrdom of Younger Sahibzadas: Zorawar Singh & Fateh Singh

4to40.com December 14, 2023 Folktales In English 3,921 Views

PART I – Martyrdom of Younger Sahibzadas

Anandpur battle and separation of guru gobind singh’s family.

Martyrdom of Younger Sahibzadas: The brave and fearless Sikhs (army) of Guru Gobind Singh were engaged for months together in a prolonged battle with the Mughal army outside the Fort of Anandpur. Emperor Aurangzeb sent a message on oath that if the Guru and his Sikhs left the fort they would be allowed to go wherever they please. Guru Gobind Singh, had his doubts, on being persuaded by his devoted Sikhs, he reluctantly agreed to leave the fort.

However it happened exactly as the Guru had thought. As soon as the Sikhs came out of the fort the Mughal Army pounced upon them. A fierce battle was fought on the bank of River Sirsa. The brave Sikhs faced the enemy with unparalleled courage. Each one of them killed quite a few Mughal soldiers before sacrificing their lives.

In the dust and chaos of battle, members of the family of Guru Gobind Singh got separated from each other. The two younger Sahibzadas, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh , proceeded along with their Grandmother Gujri Ji. They passed through thick forests and difficult terrain. They came across snakes, lions and many other wild animals on the way but the brave Sahibzadas walked on and on fearlessly in the company of their Grandmother, reciting the holy psalms of their Gurus. Gujri Ji related to them the stories from Sikh History. They were thus able to cover the journey comfortably.

The elder two brothers, Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh, accompanied their father Guru Gobind Singh. After crossing Sirsa River, they stayed for the night at Ropar and reached the Chamkaur Fort early next morning.

After a wearisome journey Mata Gujri Ji along with the two sahibzadas, reached the hut of a Muslim water carrier, Kuma. On seeing Mataji he rushed out and with folded hands, requested Mataji to bless his humble cottage by staying therein. Mataji was pleased with his devotion. Since it was getting dark, she decided to halt there for the night.

Treacherous Gangu: Martyrdom of Younger Sahibzadas

On getting the clue, the old servant, Gangu arrived the next morning. He requested Mataji to go with him to his village. He assured her that the Emperor’s officials would not know their whereabouts and they would be safe there.

Mataji with a little reluctant but on his persistent request she agreed. After getting their luggage loaded on a pony, all of them set out for his village. The two Sahibzadas went walking along with their Grandmother. Off and on they would enquire about their father and elder brothers, Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Jujhar Singh.

Gangu requesting Mata Gujri Ji, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh

After walking whole day, they reached village Kheri in the evening. On arrival in Gangu’s house Mataji put her bags and baggage in a corner of one of the rooms. Sahibzadas Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh changed their clothes and set their bedding, recited the holy evening prayers and went to sleep in their grand mother’s embrace.

At midnight Gangu quietly stole into their room, looked at Mataji who was resting in her bed with her eyes shut. Presuming that she was fast asleep, he bent down, put his hand into the bag, removed the gold coins and slipped out of the room. Mataji heard the sound of footsteps but she just slept over it and continued resting as usual.

When she got up the next morning she asked Gangu, “Our things are lying scattered about, I hope the outer door was closed. Where are the gold coins?” Gangu just looked blank. Without uttering a word he rushed out of the house and started shouting for help to trace the thief.

Mataji called him in and asked him not make unnecessary fuss. Gangu, however, persisted in saying that the thief must be found out. Mataji tried to pacify him and asked him to keep the gold coins if he so wished. At this Gangu flew into rage, “So you are suspecting me. How ungrateful of you? I have given you refuge and this the reward I get.”

Mataji made every effort to persuade him to see reason. Gangu, however, would not listen to any advice. He left his house and headed straight for Police Station at Morinda.

On arrival at Morinda, he went straight to the Kotwal. After paying his respect he told him that he desire to convey some confidential information. On an inquiry by Kotwal, Gangu confide to him in a low voice that Guru Gobind Singh’s Mother and his two young Sahibzadas were hiding in his house. The Kotwal was pleased to get this news. He called his constables and sent them along with Gangu to his house to arrest them.

When Gangu and the constables reached Gangu’s hose, some neighbours peeped out. The constables ran to the back of the house and were surprised to see Mata Gujri Ji and the two Sahibzadas sitting unconcerned. They apprised them of the Kotwal’s orders to arrest them. Mata Gujri Ji embraced the two Sahibzadas who were ready to go. Sahibzadas Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh and Mata Gujri Ji accompanied the constables.

A small crowed had collected outside the house. Gangu was standing aside with downcast eyes. People were cursing him of his dishonesty and betrayal. They were wondering why the young innocent boys and respected lady were being escorted to the Police Station. The divine looks and the graceful bearing of Mata Ji impressed them.

PART II – Martyrdom of Younger Sahibzadas

Mata ji and sahibzadas in sirhind: .

Martyrdom of Younger Sahibzadas: On arrival at the police station Mata Gujri Ji and the two Sahibzadas were lodged in the Kotwali for the night. Both the brothers listened to the tales of bravery of the followers of Guru Nanak, story of the unique Martyrdom of Guru Arjun Dev and Guru Tegh Bahadur from their dear and affectionate Grand mother. All three joined in reciting the sacred evening Sikh prayer, Rahras and Kirtan Sohila – before going to the bed.

Early next morning they were taken in a bullock cart to Bassi Police Station. News of their arrest had spread like a wildfire far and wide. Large crowds collected everywhere on the way. People were surprised that the young innocent boys had been put under arrest along with their aged grand mother. The fearless looks of Sahibzadas aroused their admiration and they observed, “They are the brave sons of their brave father.” The remarks of the on-lookers made the constables panicky and they started walking fast. The cart-driver also whipped the bullocks so that they could reach Sirhind quickly.

On arrival at Sirhind, they were lodged for night in a cold room in the tower. At a great risk to his life, one of the devotees of the Guru Bhai Moti managed to send milk for Mata Ji and Sahibzadas. Sahibzadas Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh listened to episodes from Sikh History related to them by their grand mother. On hearing about the ideals set by the Gurus the two Sahibzadas assured Mata Ji that they would stand by their faith and follow in the footsteps of their illustrious father. Mata Ji was pleased to hear this and admired her grand children’s courage and firm determination.

Next morning the police constables appeared again and told Mata Ji that they had orders for taking the two boys to the Nawab’s court. On an inquiry by Mata Ji as to why they were called there, they answered respectfully that they were not aware of the reasons, their duty was to obey orders only. Mata Ji embraced her grandsons, blessed them and asked them to uphold the sacred traditions of the Gurus. The two Sahibzadas pledged to do so and departed cheerfully.

Scene at Nawab’s court

The two Sahibzadas walked to the court boldly along with the constables. As they reached the court, they noticed that the big gate was closed and there was only a small window for entering the court. The intelligent Sahibzadas saw through the game. They put their feet forward and jumped inside through the window without bowing their heads.

The Nawab’s court was in session. As the two Sahibzadas stepped inside, they greeted the courtiers with the Sikh salutation:

“Wahguru Ji Ka Khalsa Wahguru Ji Ki Fateh,”

“the khalsa is god’s own victory be to god.”.

The court resounded with their greeting. All the courtiers were greatly impressed by their fearless behaviour.

Dressed in saffron shirts with Kirpans worn round their waists, the fair colored Sahibzadas looked very sweet and lovely. Nawab Wazir Khan addressed them in an affectionate tone: ” What sweet and brave faces! Islam will be proud to have you within its fold. Just recite Kalma (Muslim benediction) and we shall welcome you in our midst. You will get anything for the asking.”

The two Sahibzadas shouted back in one voice. “We care not for the worldly wealth. We shall not renounce our religion at any cost.” The Nawab got quite annoyed at their reply but just kept quite.

Addressing the Qazi the Nawab said, “Have you observed the insolent behavior of these boys! Don’t regard them as innocent. They are rebellious sons of a rebel. They will have to be punished.”

The Qazi told the Nawab that, according to Islamic Law, the two boys were not guilty of any crime. They could not be held responsible for their father’s actions.

The Nawab observed, however, “They are rebels too. Haven’t you heard their rude statements!” The Qazi answered, “But they have not committed any crime.”

Nawab Wazir Khan was taken back at the Qazi’s unexpected reply. Nawab Wazir Khan again persuaded them and said, “You are still young and innocent. It is your age for enjoyment and fun. If you listen to our advice, you will enjoy life to your heart’s content in this world and be blessed with a glorious life in Paradise.”

Sahibzada Zorawar Singh spoke fearlessly. “We are fighting against tyranny and injustice. We are the sons of Guru Gobind Singh, the grandsons of Guru Tegh Bahadur and descendants of Guru Arjun Dev . We shall follow in their footsteps. We are ready for all sacrifices for the protection of our faith.”

One of the officials of Moghul government Dewan Sucha Nand, who happened to be there, walked up to the Sahibzadas and asked them, “If you are released, where will you go?”

Sahibzada Zorawar Singh said, “We shall go to the forests, gather together a few Sikhs, get hold of good horses and then come and face you and your army on the battlefield.”

On hearing this, Dewan observed, “Do you know that your father has been slain?”

Both the brothers reacted in an angry tone, “No one can kill our respected father. He will never fall in your hands.”

The two Sahibzadas shouted back, ” We don’t need any advice from you. Listen carefully. Until this tyrannical Government is completely wiped out, we shall go on fighting.”

Dewan Sucha Nand was taken aback at their reply. Addressing the Nawab, he said, “Sir, killing the serpent and feeding his young ones would not be wise. When these young kids grow up, they will rebel against the Government. They must be punished and should, on no account, be released.” The Nawab listened to what Dewan Sucha Nand said.

Qazi gave his judgement:

The two Sahibzadas were in a playful mood, taking to each other fearlessly and quite unconcerned when the Nawab, the Qazi and Dewan Sucha Nand were engaged in the conversation. The courtiers were quite amazed at the lack of any fear or anxiety on their faces even though it was a question of life and death for them.

The nawab said to the Qazi again, “You have heard the impertinent answers given by them to Dewan Sucha Nand. It would not be safe to release them. They are sure to raise the banner of revolt, like their father, when they grow up.”

The Qazi had also listened to the conversation that took places between Dewan Sucha Nand and the two bold sons of Guru Gobind Singh. After some deliberation he pronounced his judgement and ordered that they be bricked up alive in a wall. Sahibzadas heard the sentence without dismay but the courtiers were taken aback on hearing the judgement. The Qazi advised the Nawab further that they be handed over to the Nawab of Malerkotla for carrying out the sentence since his father met his end at the hands of the Guru so that he can have his revenge by getting his sons buried alive.

Nawab Wazir Khan called Sher Mohammad khan, the Nawab of Malerkotla, and conveyed the Qazi’s orders to him, “Your brother lost his life at the hands of Guru Gobind Singh. Here is an opportunity for you to wreak your vengeance. The Qazi has sentenced these two sons of Guru Gobind Singh to death and has further ordered that they be bricked up alive. We are handling them over to you for doing the needful.”

On hearing this Sher Mohammad was dumb founded. After some pause he said to the Nawab in a faltering voice, “This is cruelty! My brother was killed on the battlefield. These innocent boys are not responsible for his death. If we have to take revenge it shall be from the father. God save us from this sinful act.”

Saying this he got up and remarked in a mournful tone, “O God, how cruel!”

PART III – Martyrdom of Younger Sahibzadas

Martyrdom of younger sahibzadas.

Martyrdom of Younger Sahibzadas: The Nawab ordered that both the boys be sent back to the tower. He directed his officials to arrange for executioners who would brick them alive in between two walls, which may be constructed immediately.

The Sahibzadas reached the tower and gave a report of the proceedings of the court to their grand mother. She embraced her grand sons, patted them on their back for their courageous and bold stand and said, “You have rightly upheld the dignity and honour of your revered grand father and your valiant father. May God ever abide with you.”

Next morning they were taken to the Nawab’s court. The Nawab asked them again, “I do hope you have made up your mind to embrace Islam, otherwise, as you know, you will be bricked up alive.”

Both Sahibzadas proclaimed fearlessly, “We shall never give up our faith, whatever may be the consequences. Death has no meaning to us.” The Nawab was simply amazed to their determined and firm reply. One of his officials stepped forward, and said to the Nawab, “Sir, the two royal executioners of Delhi , Shisal Beg and Vishal Beg, are prepared to carry out your orders of bricking up these boys alive if they are granted pardon.” The Nawab called them and told them, “Your request for pardon has been granted on condition that you brick up these two sons of Guru Gobind Singh alive in a wall.”

The constables took away both the Sahibzadas. A huge crowd had collected outside. People were surprised on hearing the orders of the Nawab that the two young innocent sons of Guru Gobind Singh were to be bricked alive.

“What crime have they committed?” said one.

“How cruel and inhuman O God!” exclaimed another.

“But they are not terrified,” remarked a lady in the crowd.

“They are the brave sons of their brave father, Guru Gobind Singh,” pat came the remark by her companion.

The constables, who were escorting the two Sahibzadas, were getting perturbed on hearing such observations from the crowd and were rushing forward.

The Sahibzadas were brought to the spot where a wall was being raised. Both of them were made to stand side by side. The Qazi arrived there soon after and tried to persuade them to accept Islam and not to cut short their lives. Even the executioners tried to prevail upon them but they both were unflinching in their determination and told the executioners, “Raise the wall fast and bury the Mughal Raj quickly. Don’t delay for a minute.” Thereafter both of them started reciting Japji sahib while the wall was going up brick by brick.

The wall went up higher and higher until it reached their chests. The Nawab and Qazi approached them and said to them in an affectionate tone, “There is still time for you to save your lives, just recite the Kalma and the wall will be pulled down immediately.”

The Sahibzadas shouted loudly, “We shall not give up our faith, death does not frighten us.”

Both the Nawab and Qazi were amazed at their steadfast determination. Tears flowed from the eyes of onlookers, as they observed, “Blessed be their mother who gave birth to such children.”

The wall went up still higher and it was shoulder high. Sahibzada Zorawar said to his younger brother, “They are putting us to test. They do not know that Sikhs of Guru Nanak are fearless. Our fifth Guru Arjun Dev faced martyrdom cheerfully on burning iron pans. Whereas he guided humanity to the path of truthful and noble life, he also set an example of facing death boldly and with full faith in God.”

The younger brother Sahibzada Fateh Singh remarked, ” The martyrdom of our revered grandfather, Guru Tegh Bahadur was also unique, we shall soon join him. He is waiting for us.”

Later both the Sahibzadas became unconscious.

Sahibzadas Attains Martyrdom: Martyrdom of Younger Sahibzadas

The executioners became nervous as both the Sahibzadas became unconscious. They consulted each other, “They are now nearing their end. There is no need to raise the wall further. Why not cut short their agony by beheading them? It is already getting dark.”

The wall was pulled down, they brought the unconscious Sahibzadas out laid them flat on the ground and, in an instant, martyred them.

People in the crowd were shocked at this ghastly act. They sighed in dismay, “What cruelty! How shall they answer for their crime in Mohammad’s Court.”

As soon as the two Sahibzadas attained martyrdom, Mata Gijri Ji, who was sitting in meditation in the tower, breathed her last. The messenger who came with the news of the martyrdom of the Sahibzadas found that Mata-Ji had already attained salvation.

There was great commotion in the town of Sirhind. Every one was furious at the atrocious crime. They were unanimous in their view that this heinous act would herald the doomsday of the Mughal Empire . They admired the courage and steadfastness of the brave sons of Guru Gobind Singh and remarked, “What determination at this young age! They did not budge an inch from their position in spite of several allurements by the Nawab and Qazi.”

The same evening Dewan Todar Mal, a jeweler reached Nawab Wazir Khan’s court for permission to cremate the dead bodies of the two Sahibzadas and Mata Gujri.

The Nawab agreed on condition that the Dewan paid for the required piece of land by spreading as many gold coins as would cover the entire cremation.

The two martyred young sons of Guru Gobind Singh were cremated with full honors along with their grand mother.

Guru Gobind Singh was at the time in the forest of Machhiwara, when the news of the martyrdom of his younger sons reached him. On hearing this he pulled out a plant with the tip of his arrow and forecast that this tragedy will herald the uprooting of Mughal Empire in India . And to the Emperor he wrote: “It matters little if a jackal through cunning and treachery succeeds in the killing two lion’s cubs, for the lion himself live to inflict retribution on you.”

Guru Gobind Singh addressed his followers thus: “I have sacrificed four sons for the survival of the thousands of my sons who are still alive.”

A wave of anguish gripped the country at the news of the martyrdom of the Sahibzadas. After some time the recluse Banda Bairagi come under the influence of Guru Gobind Singh Ji, and was christened Banda Singh Bahadur. He shook the Mughal Empire and the town of Sirhind was reduced to utter ruins.

There is no parallel to the martyrdom of such young boys in the annals of human history. Sahibzada Fateh Singh was less than six years old (born 1699) and Sahibzada Zorawar Singh just over eight (born 1696). They laid down their lives in December 1704. They were bricked up alive but did not bow before the tyranny of the Mughal government.

The renowned Hindi poet, Maithali Saran Gupt in his well known book Bharat Bharati said:

“Whatever their present position,

The future of the community whose sons, can thus lay down their lives for their faith,, is bound to be glorious.”.

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BY: Divyanshi Soni

The world has been celebrating Christmas and is preparing for the New Year but Sikhs, across the globe, have been remembering the sacrifice of Chaar Sahibzaade. Chaar Sahibzaade, the four sons of the 10th Sikh Guru – Guru Gobind Singh ji; Ajit Singh Ji, Jujhar Singh Ji, Zorawar Singh Ji and Fateh Singh Ji, were martyred between December 21 and December 27 in the year 1704 AD.

These days hold a special memory in the mind and heart of every Sikh and they remember the Chaar Sahibzaade with great vigour and very acute sadness.

If other stories of courage and sacrifice hold an enormous significance then what could one respond to the stories of youngsters aged five, eight, fourteen, and eighteen, who risked their lives to protect the Sikh Panth?

Here is the tale of “Safar-E-Shahdat”:

On the chilly night of December 20th, 1704 AD, Guru Gobind Singh ji, his four sons, his wife – Mata Jeeto ji, Mata Gujari Kaur, Guru’s Mahil, along with Panj Piaras and hundreds of Sikhs left Anandpur Sahib. They left the fort of Anandpur Sahib after Pahaadi King swore on the cow, considered holy in their religion, and the Mughal swore on their holy scripture, Quran and made a promise that they wouldn’t attack the fort.

But as soon as Guru Gobind Singh ji left the fort, Mughals breached the vows and attacked Sikhs at the site of Sarsa river, which was around 25 km away from Anandpur Sahib. Because of this attack, Guru’s family got separated and broke away, the spot of the attack is known as “Pariwar Vichora” and Gurudwara Sahib built in the memory is known as “Gurudwara Pariwar Vichora Sahib”.

Mata Gujri ji and Nikke Sahibzaade – Zorawar Singh Ji & Fateh Singh Ji, were on one side of the river while Guru Gobind Singh ji and Vadde Sahibzaade – Ajit Singh Ji & Jujhar Singh Ji were on the other side. On the other hand, Mata Sundari ji and Mata Sahib Kaur ji went to Delhi along with Bhai Mani Singh ji.

From here, Guru Gobind Singh ji, along with Vadde Sahibzaade, Panj Piaras and 40 Sikhs, proceeded towards Chamkaur, to fight the famous battle of Chamkaur Sahib against Mughal emperor Wazir Khan. They reached there on the afternoon of December 21. While fighting the battle against strong and well-equipped Mughal Army Vadde Sahibzaade, three Panj Piaras and 40 Sikhs attained martyrdom.

At the request of five Sikhs, Guru left the fort. One of the Sikhs, Bhai Sangat Singh ji wore Guru Gobind Singh ji’s poshak (clothes) and Mughals killed him as they mistook him as Guru.

At the same time, other Sikhs were martyred and Nikke Sahibzaade with Mata Gujri ji were left. A servant, Gangoo, saw them from his house and offered them to stay with him. But later, the servant breached their trust and disclosed their location to the Mughals, in exchange for some money.

All three were captured by the Mughals and they kept them in an open tower, which is known as “Thanda Burj”. During these chilling days, they don’t have anything to sleep apart from a strand of straws.

Later, young and juvenile sons were brought towards the Wazir Khan, who was the follower of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. He offered them freedom and asked them to change their religion to Islam. Both sons stood steadfast and refused to change their religion, following this Wazir Khan ordered to brick them. Nikke Sahibzaade attained martyred as they were bricked alive and Mata Gujri ji left for the heavenly abode after listening to this news.

This cold-blooded crime happened at Sarzameen of Sirhind, which is now known as “Jyoti Swaroop Gurudwara Sahib” at Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab. To commemorate this incident, Shaheedi Jor Mela is organised in Fatehgarh Sahib Gurudwara, every year from December 21 to December 27.

Today, on this occasion CM Charanjit Singh Channi paid obeisance to the Sahibzadas Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh and Mata Gujri Ji at Gurudwara Fatehgarh Sahib.

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Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Fateh Singh Sen. Sec. Public School, Kalanaur (Gsp, Punjab): Overview Video
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The story of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh
The young and innocent boys, Sahibzada (Prince) Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh attained martyrdom on 26, December, 1705, when they were brutally murdered by Wazir Khan the Mughal Governor of Sirhind. The month of December has a special significance for the Sikh community. It was in this month that the combined forces of the Mughals and ...
What is the Veer Bal Diwas? Who were Chhote Sahibzade Zorawar Singh and
Veer Bal Diwas: A look at the bravery and sacrifice of Guru Gobind Singh's sons, aged 7 and 9 Sahibzada Zorawar Singh (9) and Sahibzada Fateh Singh (7) were killed in 1704, in events sparked by the attack on Anandpur Sahib by the armies of the Mughals and the hill kings of present-day Himachal Pradesh
Chaar Sahibzaade: The Untold Stories of Chamkaur Sahib's Heroes
The lives of Baba Zorawar Singh Ji, Baba Fateh Singh Ji, and Mata Gujar Kaur Ji stand as luminous beacons in Sikh history, radiating the virtues of courage, sacrifice, and unwavering faith. In this exploration, we delve into the early years and teachings of these revered figures, seeking to unravel the profound impact they had on shaping Sikh ...
An Unprescedented Martyrdom: The martyrdom of Sahibzada
Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji, the two younger sons of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the Tenth Master of the Sikhs, born to Mata Jito Ji, which took place on December 12, 1705 is an unprecedented event and a major landmark in the history of Sikhs. Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji, born on 17 November 1696 and 25 February, 1699 respectively at Anandpur Sahib ...
Sahibzada Zorawar Singh & Sahibzada Fateh Singh
Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh started reciting hymns of Guru ji (Gurbani) and meditating on the name of God, they remained composed and in high spirits. ... sacrifice, faith, in the young minds of their sons and grandsons at tender age, and prepare their minds and bodies to facce challenges they are likely to face as they grow up. ...
Sahibzada Zorawar Singh ji & Fateh Singh ji
Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh started reciting hymns of Guru ji (Gurbani) and meditating on the name of God, remained composed and in high spirits. The Kazi carrying his holy book Koran in his hands continued to persuade the kids to accept conversion to Islam to save their precious lives. The children fully concentrating their minds ...
Fateh Singh (Sikhism)
Ajit Singh (half-brother) Jujhar Singh (brother) Zorawar Singh (brother) Fateh Singh ( Punjabi: ਫ਼ਤਿਹ ਸਿੰਘ, pronunciation: [pʰat̪ɪɦ sɪ́ŋgᵊ]; 25 February 1699 - 28 December 1704 or 12 December 1705 [note 1] ), commonly referred to with honorifics as Baba Fateh Singh or Sahibzada Baba Fateh Singh, was the fourth and ...
Valour of Chhote Sahibzaade: The significance of December 26 in Sikh
On this day, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh, the two youngest sons of the tenth Sikh master Guru Gobind Singh, were bricked alive on the orders of Wazir Khan, the Mughal faujdar of Sirhind, for refusing to renounce their faith. ... But the bravery and sacrifice of Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh is considered unparalleled not just because of the ...
Zorawar Singh (Sikhism)
Sahibzada Fateh Singh (brother) Zorawar Singh ( Punjabi: ਸਾਹਿਬਜ਼ਾਦਾ ਜ਼ੋਰਾਵਰ ਸਿੰਘ, pronunciation: [säːɦɪbd͡ʒäːd̪ɛ d͡ʒoɾäːʋaɾ sɪ́ŋgᵊ]; 17 November 1696 - 5 or 6 December 1705 [1] ), alternatively spelt as Jorawar Singh, [2] was a son of Guru Gobind Singh who was executed in the ...
Chaar Sahibzaade: Life Journey and Martyrdom • Sikhizm
The martyrdom of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh is remembered and celebrated by Sikhs as a symbol of their commitment to freedom and justice. The sacrifice of the two brothers is considered a turning point in Sikh history and is often cited as an example of the ultimate sacrifice for one's faith and beliefs.
Sahibzada Fateh Singh
Fateh Singh, merely six years old, and Zorawar Singh, aged nine, were then subjected to a harrowing ordeal. They were summoned to the court of Wazir Khan, where they were given a cruel ultimatum: convert to Islam or face death. Despite their tender age and the grim circumstances, the young Sahibzadas displayed extraordinary courage.
Essays on Sikh Values
The Guru had four sons - Ajit Singh, Jujhar Singh, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh. In this write-up, the life of each Sahibzada has been dealt with briefly. Background - Struggle Guru Gobind Singh fearlessly and courageously struggled for the equality and total freedom of the man, and for the human rights. He lived with the dignity of a king.
Sahibzadas Zoravar Singh and Fateh Singh
Sahibzada Zorawar singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh and Mata Gujri ji accommpanied the constables. A small crowd had collected outside the house Ganga was standing aside with downcast eyes. People were cursing him for his dishonesty and betrayal. A woman remarked "How trecherous! He brought them to his house and then went and informed the ...
Saka Sirhind
The original building of "Gurudwara Thanda Burj", where a Sikh Gurudwara was built over the original structure before it was completely destroyed and rebuilt in the 1900s Painting of Mata Gujri, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh, and Sahibzada Fateh Singh, after the Anandpur battle, reach Sirhind, where the princes, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh, were executed by immurement, circa 19th century
The story of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh
The young and innocent boys, Sahibzada (Prince) Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh attained martyrdom on 26, December, 1704, when they were brutally murdered by Wazir Khan the Mughal Governor of Sirhind. The month of December has a special significance for the Sikh community. It was in this month that the combined forces of the Mughals and ...
The story of Sahibzadas Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh
The young and innocent boys, Sahibzada (Prince) Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh attained martyrdom on December 26, 1705, when they were brutally murdered by Wazir Khan, the Mughal Governor of Sirhind. The month of December has a special significance for the Sikh community. It was in this month that the combined forces of the Mughals and ...
Martyrdom of Ajit Singh, Jujhar Singh
Martyrdom of Zorawar Singh, Fateh Singh. Why lose your faith to save your life, Faith lives with you, even after you die. The joint forces of the emperor and the rajas of the Himachal, not considering their solemn promises given to the tenth Guru, attacked him when he left the fort of Anandpur Sahib. It was a cold winter night of December, 1704.
The story of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh
The young and innocent boys, Sahibzada (Prince) Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh attained martyrdom on 26, December, 1705, when they were brutally murdered by Wazir Khan the Mughal Governor of Sirhind. The month of December has a special significance for the Sikh community. ... but was saved in person by the bravery and sacrifice of his ...
Martyrdom of Four Sahibzadas: An Eternal Tribute
Unyielding Faith and the Ultimate Sacrifice. Zorawar Singh's resolute response emphasized their upbringing to bow before God and the Guru alone. Rejecting conversion, they faced the wrath of Wazir Khan, who promised leniency, estates, and noble marriages if they converted their faith.
The Valor of the Char Sahibzade: A Tale of Sacrifice and Courage
Like his brothers, he stood before the Khalsa congregation, receiving the sacred amrit. Sahibzada Fateh Singh, the embodiment of courage. Fateh Singh's laughter echoed through the prison walls. His innocence baffled the captors. But he clung to his faith, even as darkness closed in. Alongside Zorawar Singh, he faced the ultimate sacrifice.
Martyrdom of Younger Sahibzadas: Zorawar Singh & Fateh Singh
Sahibzadas Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh and Mata Gujri Ji accompanied the constables. A small crowed had collected outside the house. Gangu was standing aside with downcast eyes. People were cursing him of his dishonesty and betrayal. They were wondering why the young innocent boys and respected lady were being escorted to the Police Station.
Chaar Sahibzaade Shaheedi: The story of unforgettable sacrifice
The world has been celebrating Christmas and is preparing for the New Year but Sikhs, across the globe, have been remembering the sacrifice of Chaar Sahibzaade. Chaar Sahibzaade, the four sons of the 10th Sikh Guru - Guru Gobind Singh ji; Ajit Singh Ji, Jujhar Singh Ji, Zorawar Singh Ji and Fateh Singh Ji, were martyred between December 21 ...

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