Ball, P. (2001). New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Bird, K., & Martin, J. S. (2005). . New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Silverstein, T. (Ed). (1974). . Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Demos, J. (2001). Real lives and other fictions: Reconsidering Wallace Stegner's . In Carnes, M. (Ed.), , (pp. 132-145). New York: Simon and Schuster.
Burns, S. (2005). Ordering the artist's body: Thomas Eakins' acts of self-portrayal. (1), 90-102.
Murdock, L., & Hobbs, J. (2011, July). Picture me playing: Increasing pretend play dialogue of children with autism spectrum disorders. (7), 870-878. doi: 10.1007/s10803-010-1108-6
Tilak, J.G. (2002). Education and poverty. (2), 191-207. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cjhd20
Erickson, C. (2008). (Doctoral dissertation, University of West Florida). Retrieved from
Florida Department of Education. (2010). Retrieved from
More than 100 reference examples and their corresponding in-text citations are presented in the seventh edition Publication Manual . Examples of the most common works that writers cite are provided on this page; additional examples are available in the Publication Manual .
To find the reference example you need, first select a category (e.g., periodicals) and then choose the appropriate type of work (e.g., journal article ) and follow the relevant example.
When selecting a category, use the webpages and websites category only when a work does not fit better within another category. For example, a report from a government website would use the reports category, whereas a page on a government website that is not a report or other work would use the webpages and websites category.
Also note that print and electronic references are largely the same. For example, to cite both print books and ebooks, use the books and reference works category and then choose the appropriate type of work (i.e., book ) and follow the relevant example (e.g., whole authored book ).
Examples on these pages illustrate the details of reference formats. We make every attempt to show examples that are in keeping with APA Style’s guiding principles of inclusivity and bias-free language. These examples are presented out of context only to demonstrate formatting issues (e.g., which elements to italicize, where punctuation is needed, placement of parentheses). References, including these examples, are not inherently endorsements for the ideas or content of the works themselves. An author may cite a work to support a statement or an idea, to critique that work, or for many other reasons. For more examples, see our sample papers .
Reference examples are covered in the seventh edition APA Style manuals in the Publication Manual Chapter 10 and the Concise Guide Chapter 10
Textual works are covered in Sections 10.1–10.8 of the Publication Manual . The most common categories and examples are presented here. For the reviews of other works category, see Section 10.7.
Data sets are covered in Section 10.9 of the Publication Manual . For the software and tests categories, see Sections 10.10 and 10.11.
Audiovisual media are covered in Sections 10.12–10.14 of the Publication Manual . The most common examples are presented together here. In the manual, these examples and more are separated into categories for audiovisual, audio, and visual media.
Online media are covered in Sections 10.15 and 10.16 of the Publication Manual . Please note that blog posts are part of the periodicals category.
Psychological science points to an increased risk of suicide and poor mental health amid a record number of bills aimed at restricting the rights of the LGBTQ+ population
APA policy supporting transgender, gender diverse, nonbinary individuals
APA Community
A new exclusive destination tailored for APA members
Membership benefits
Unlock the tools, discounts, and services included with your membership
Renew your membership
Keep your benefits and access to leading psychological information
Misinformation and disinformation
Resources to navigate trauma
Tips to foster a healthy workplace
Ethics Code
Continuing Education
Grants, Awards, and Funding
Standards and Guidelines
Network with peers, enhance your professional development, expand your personal growth, and more
APA Divisions
High school teachers
Undergraduate educators
Graduate students
Early career psychologists
Managing your career
Resources to help you throughout your career in psychology, including finding a job, salary data, finances and money management, mentoring and supervision, and training and professional development
Explore career paths
Psychologist profiles
How did you get that job?
Events and training
Apa publications and products.
Write with clarity, precision, and inclusion
Children’s books
Monitor on Psychology
Newsletters
Reports and surveys
Continuing education
Merchandise
Real Siblings
Jacob's Missing Book
Harper Becomes a Big Sister
Attachment-Based Family Therapy for Sexual and Gender Minority Young Adults and Their Non-Accepting Parents
Dismantling Everyday Discrimination
Learn how you can help APA advocate for psychology-informed federal policy and legislation, and support psychological research
APA Services, Inc.
A companion professional organization to APA, serving all members and advocating for psychology
Purdue Online Writing Lab Purdue OWL® College of Liberal Arts
This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.
Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.
The Online Writing Lab (the Purdue OWL) at Purdue University houses writing resources and instructional material, and we provide these as a free service at Purdue. Students, members of the community, and users worldwide will find information to assist with many writing projects. Teachers and trainers may use this material for in-class and out-of-class instruction.
The On-Campus and Online versions of Purdue OWL assist clients in their development as writers—no matter what their skill level—with on-campus consultations, online participation, and community engagement. The Purdue OWL serves the Purdue West Lafayette and Indianapolis campuses and coordinates with local literacy initiatives. The Purdue OWL offers global support through online reference materials and services.
Facebook twitter.
COMMENTS
This page is designed to assist you in writing an annotated bibliography
Writing a Literature Review. A literature review is a document or section of a document that collects key sources on a topic and discusses those sources in conversation with each other (also called synthesis ). The lit review is an important genre in many disciplines, not just literature (i.e., the study of works of literature such as novels ...
Reference Page Format ; Abstract and Keywords ; Annotated Bibliography ; Style and Grammar Guidlines ; APA 7th Tips, DOIs, URLs & More. Paper Formatting Tips ; Sample Paper ; ... Key takeaways from the Psi Chi webinar So You Need to Write a Literature Review via APA Style.org. Examples of Literature Reviews. Financial socialization: A decade in ...
Examples of literature reviews. Step 1 - Search for relevant literature. Step 2 - Evaluate and select sources. Step 3 - Identify themes, debates, and gaps. Step 4 - Outline your literature review's structure. Step 5 - Write your literature review.
These sample papers demonstrate APA Style formatting standards for different student paper types. Students may write the same types of papers as professional authors (e.g., quantitative studies, literature reviews) or other types of papers for course assignments (e.g., reaction or response papers, discussion posts), dissertations, and theses.
Steps for Conducting a Lit Review; Finding "The Literature" Organizing/Writing; APA Style This link opens in a new window; Chicago: Notes Bibliography This link opens in a new window; MLA Style This link opens in a new window; Sample Literature Reviews. Sample Lit Reviews from Communication Arts; Have an exemplary literature review? Get Help!
The general format is the same for scholarly journals. List the last name, comma and first initial of every author. Put the date the article was published in parentheses. Write the title of the article with only the first word capitalized, followed by a period. Write the publication name in italics, followed by volume number if applicable.
Organizing Your Literature Review. An APA style paper is organized in the author-date style. This means you cite the author's name and year of publication within the text with an in-text citation. You also include the page number, if appropriate. You then include the full information of that source in a reference list at the end of your paper.
Basic guidelines for formatting the reference list at the end of a standard APA research paper Author/Authors Rules for handling works by a single author or multiple authors that apply to all APA-style references in your reference list, regardless of the type of work (book, article, electronic resource, etc.)
5. Format the essay using APA style. x Use subheadings, especially in long reviews. x Use in-text citations for all information from the sources, whether summarized, paraphrased or quoted. x Include a complete references page at the end. x Make sure all formatting elements follow APA guidelines.
Keywords Format. More information on how to write and format an abstract and keywords can be found in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.) Sections 2.9 to 2.10 and in the Concise Guide to APA Style (7th ed.) Section 1.10. SOURCE: American Psychological Association. (2020).
Crucially, citation practices do not differ between the two styles of paper. However, for your convenience, we have provided two versions of our APA 7 sample paper below: one in student style and one in professional style. Note: For accessibility purposes, we have used "Track Changes" to make comments along the margins of these samples.
Talwar and Lee (2002) wanted to examine verbal and nonverbal behaviors of lying and. truth-telling children aged three- to seven-years-old. They hypothesized that young children were. more likely to incriminate themselves verbally. Talwar and Lee used a resistant temptation.
Basics of APA Style Video. View the video by California State University, Dominguez Hills (CSUDH) Library to get a concise (3:00-minute) overview of APA Style. The video includes a great explanation of the relationship between a paper's in-text citations and its references list.
A literature review paper critically summarizes previous empirical literature on a specific topic/question. Writing a literature review paper demonstrates strong familiarity with work in the field surrounding research interest. A literature review paper normally contains the following: Title page Introduction Main body List of references Some important tips to consider when writing a ...
Commented [A7]: A literature review includes a References page in APA format that includes a reference for every source cited in the literature review. preventing readmissions. Journal of Healthcare Financial Management, 65(12), 1-6.
General considerations. A good review should summarize the state of knowledge on a well-defined topic in the psychology of men and masculinity in concise and clear ways. This means that the review is written with exceptional clarity, cohesiveness, conciseness, and comprehensiveness. A good review should describe in detail the systematic process ...
Finding "The Literature" Organizing/Writing; APA Style; Chicago (Author-Date) Toggle Dropdown. Turabian ; ... Sample Lit Reviews from Communication Arts. Literature Review Sample 1. Literature Review Sample 2. Literature Review Sample 3 << Previous: MLA Style; Next: FAMU Writing Center >> Last Updated: Oct 20, 2022 11:24 AM; URL: https ...
In APA Style format, a normal literature review should be composed of a Body where the main subject is developed, the References at the end with each one of the sources previously mentioned, a ...
There are two common types of papers written in fields using APA Style: the literature review and the experimental report. Each has unique requirements concerning the sections that must be included in the paper. Literature review. A literature review is a critical summary of what the scientific literature says about your specific topic or question.
This section offers a sample literature review, written by an undergraduate psychology student at Purdue University. Since it's a real paper written by a real student, we haven't corrected the ... comment on the paper's format, content, and use of APA style. The following information must remain intact on every handout printed for distribution.
Literature Review; APA Style; Search this ... APA Style; Chicago (Author-Date) Toggle Dropdown. Turabian ; MLA Style; Sample Literature Reviews; FAMU Writing Center; APA 6th Edition. Publication ... Publication Date: 2010-01-01. In addition to providing guidance on grammar, the mechanics of writing, and APA style, this manual offers an ...
More than 100 reference examples and their corresponding in-text citations are presented in the seventh edition Publication Manual.Examples of the most common works that writers cite are provided on this page; additional examples are available in the Publication Manual.. To find the reference example you need, first select a category (e.g., periodicals) and then choose the appropriate type of ...
The American Psychological Association (APA) is a scientific and professional organization that represents psychologists in the United States. APA educates the public about psychology, behavioral science and mental health; promotes psychological science and practice; fosters the education and training of psychological scientists, practitioners and educators; advocates for psychological ...
The Online Writing Lab (the Purdue OWL) at Purdue University houses writing resources and instructional material, and we provide these as a free service at Purdue. Students, members of the community, and users worldwide will find information to assist with many writing projects. Teachers and trainers may use this material for in-class and out ...