[SOLVED] Local Variable Referenced Before Assignment

local variable referenced before assignment

Python treats variables referenced only inside a function as global variables. Any variable assigned to a function’s body is assumed to be a local variable unless explicitly declared as global.

Why Does This Error Occur?

Unboundlocalerror: local variable referenced before assignment occurs when a variable is used before its created. Python does not have the concept of variable declarations. Hence it searches for the variable whenever used. When not found, it throws the error.

Before we hop into the solutions, let’s have a look at what is the global and local variables.

Local Variable Declarations vs. Global Variable Declarations

Local VariablesGlobal Variables
A variable is declared primarily within a Python function.Global variables are in the global scope, outside a function.
A local variable is created when the function is called and destroyed when the execution is finished.A Variable is created upon execution and exists in memory till the program stops.
Local Variables can only be accessed within their own function.All functions of the program can access global variables.
Local variables are immune to changes in the global scope. Thereby being more secure.Global Variables are less safer from manipulation as they are accessible in the global scope.

[Fixed] typeerror can’t compare datetime.datetime to datetime.date

Local Variable Referenced Before Assignment Error with Explanation

Try these examples yourself using our Online Compiler.

Let’s look at the following function:

Local Variable Referenced Before Assignment Error

Explanation

The variable myVar has been assigned a value twice. Once before the declaration of myFunction and within myFunction itself.

Using Global Variables

Passing the variable as global allows the function to recognize the variable outside the function.

Create Functions that Take in Parameters

Instead of initializing myVar as a global or local variable, it can be passed to the function as a parameter. This removes the need to create a variable in memory.

UnboundLocalError: local variable ‘DISTRO_NAME’

This error may occur when trying to launch the Anaconda Navigator in Linux Systems.

Upon launching Anaconda Navigator, the opening screen freezes and doesn’t proceed to load.

Try and update your Anaconda Navigator with the following command.

If solution one doesn’t work, you have to edit a file located at

After finding and opening the Python file, make the following changes:

In the function on line 159, simply add the line:

DISTRO_NAME = None

Save the file and re-launch Anaconda Navigator.

DJANGO – Local Variable Referenced Before Assignment [Form]

The program takes information from a form filled out by a user. Accordingly, an email is sent using the information.

Upon running you get the following error:

We have created a class myForm that creates instances of Django forms. It extracts the user’s name, email, and message to be sent.

A function GetContact is created to use the information from the Django form and produce an email. It takes one request parameter. Prior to sending the email, the function verifies the validity of the form. Upon True , .get() function is passed to fetch the name, email, and message. Finally, the email sent via the send_mail function

Why does the error occur?

We are initializing form under the if request.method == “POST” condition statement. Using the GET request, our variable form doesn’t get defined.

Local variable Referenced before assignment but it is global

This is a common error that happens when we don’t provide a value to a variable and reference it. This can happen with local variables. Global variables can’t be assigned.

This error message is raised when a variable is referenced before it has been assigned a value within the local scope of a function, even though it is a global variable.

Here’s an example to help illustrate the problem:

In this example, x is a global variable that is defined outside of the function my_func(). However, when we try to print the value of x inside the function, we get a UnboundLocalError with the message “local variable ‘x’ referenced before assignment”.

This is because the += operator implicitly creates a local variable within the function’s scope, which shadows the global variable of the same name. Since we’re trying to access the value of x before it’s been assigned a value within the local scope, the interpreter raises an error.

To fix this, you can use the global keyword to explicitly refer to the global variable within the function’s scope:

However, in the above example, the global keyword tells Python that we want to modify the value of the global variable x, rather than creating a new local variable. This allows us to access and modify the global variable within the function’s scope, without causing any errors.

Local variable ‘version’ referenced before assignment ubuntu-drivers

This error occurs with Ubuntu version drivers. To solve this error, you can re-specify the version information and give a split as 2 –

Here, p_name means package name.

With the help of the threading module, you can avoid using global variables in multi-threading. Make sure you lock and release your threads correctly to avoid the race condition.

When a variable that is created locally is called before assigning, it results in Unbound Local Error in Python. The interpreter can’t track the variable.

Therefore, we have examined the local variable referenced before the assignment Exception in Python. The differences between a local and global variable declaration have been explained, and multiple solutions regarding the issue have been provided.

Trending Python Articles

[Fixed] nameerror: name Unicode is not defined

  • Python Basics
  • Interview Questions
  • Python Quiz
  • Popular Packages
  • Python Projects
  • Practice Python
  • AI With Python
  • Learn Python3
  • Python Automation
  • Python Web Dev
  • DSA with Python
  • Python OOPs
  • Dictionaries
  • How to Fix - UnboundLocalError: Local variable Referenced Before Assignment in Python
  • UnboundLocalError Local variable Referenced Before Assignment in Python
  • How to use Pickle to save and load Variables in Python?
  • How to Use a Variable from Another Function in Python
  • How to fix Unresolved reference issue in PyCharm
  • Unused variable in for loop in Python
  • How to Access Dictionary Values in Python Using For Loop
  • Python | Accessing variable value from code scope
  • How to fix "SyntaxError: invalid character" in Python
  • Assign Function to a Variable in Python
  • How to Reference Elements in an Array in Python
  • How to Fix: SyntaxError: positional argument follows keyword argument in Python
  • How To Fix Valueerror Exceptions In Python
  • How To Fix - Python RuntimeWarning: overflow encountered in scalar
  • Different Forms of Assignment Statements in Python
  • Unused local variable in Python
  • Access environment variable values in Python
  • How to fix "ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10" in Python
  • How to import variables from another file in Python?
  • JavaScript ReferenceError - Can't access lexical declaration`variable' before initialization

How to Fix – UnboundLocalError: Local variable Referenced Before Assignment in Python

Developers often encounter the  UnboundLocalError Local Variable Referenced Before Assignment error in Python. In this article, we will see what is local variable referenced before assignment error in Python and how to fix it by using different approaches.

What is UnboundLocalError: Local variable Referenced Before Assignment?

This error occurs when a local variable is referenced before it has been assigned a value within a function or method. This error typically surfaces when utilizing try-except blocks to handle exceptions, creating a puzzle for developers trying to comprehend its origins and find a solution.

Below, are the reasons by which UnboundLocalError: Local variable Referenced Before Assignment error occurs in  Python :

Nested Function Variable Access

Global variable modification.

In this code, the outer_function defines a variable ‘x’ and a nested inner_function attempts to access it, but encounters an UnboundLocalError due to a local ‘x’ being defined later in the inner_function.

In this code, the function example_function tries to increment the global variable ‘x’, but encounters an UnboundLocalError since it’s treated as a local variable due to the assignment operation within the function.

Solution for Local variable Referenced Before Assignment in Python

Below, are the approaches to solve “Local variable Referenced Before Assignment”.

In this code, example_function successfully modifies the global variable ‘x’ by declaring it as global within the function, incrementing its value by 1, and then printing the updated value.

In this code, the outer_function defines a local variable ‘x’, and the inner_function accesses and modifies it as a nonlocal variable, allowing changes to the outer function’s scope from within the inner function.

Please Login to comment...

Similar reads.

  • Python Errors
  • Python How-to-fix
  • Python Programs

Improve your Coding Skills with Practice

 alt=

What kind of Experience do you want to share?

How to Fix Local Variable Referenced Before Assignment Error in Python

How to Fix Local Variable Referenced Before Assignment Error in Python

Table of Contents

Fixing local variable referenced before assignment error.

In Python , when you try to reference a variable that hasn't yet been given a value (assigned), it will throw an error.

That error will look like this:

In this post, we'll see examples of what causes this and how to fix it.

Let's begin by looking at an example of this error:

If you run this code, you'll get

The issue is that in this line:

We are defining a local variable called value and then trying to use it before it has been assigned a value, instead of using the variable that we defined in the first line.

If we want to refer the variable that was defined in the first line, we can make use of the global keyword.

The global keyword is used to refer to a variable that is defined outside of a function.

Let's look at how using global can fix our issue here:

Global variables have global scope, so you can referenced them anywhere in your code, thus avoiding the error.

If you run this code, you'll get this output:

In this post, we learned at how to avoid the local variable referenced before assignment error in Python.

The error stems from trying to refer to a variable without an assigned value, so either make use of a global variable using the global keyword, or assign the variable a value before using it.

Thanks for reading!

local variable 'mask' referenced before assignment

  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service

local variable 'mask' referenced before assignment

Explore your training options in 10 minutes Get Started

  • Graduate Stories
  • Partner Spotlights
  • Bootcamp Prep
  • Bootcamp Admissions
  • University Bootcamps
  • Coding Tools
  • Software Engineering
  • Web Development
  • Data Science
  • Tech Guides
  • Tech Resources
  • Career Advice
  • Online Learning
  • Internships
  • Apprenticeships
  • Tech Salaries
  • Associate Degree
  • Bachelor's Degree
  • Master's Degree
  • University Admissions
  • Best Schools
  • Certifications
  • Bootcamp Financing
  • Higher Ed Financing
  • Scholarships
  • Financial Aid
  • Best Coding Bootcamps
  • Best Online Bootcamps
  • Best Web Design Bootcamps
  • Best Data Science Bootcamps
  • Best Technology Sales Bootcamps
  • Best Data Analytics Bootcamps
  • Best Cybersecurity Bootcamps
  • Best Digital Marketing Bootcamps
  • Los Angeles
  • San Francisco
  • Browse All Locations
  • Digital Marketing
  • Machine Learning
  • See All Subjects
  • Bootcamps 101
  • Full-Stack Development
  • Career Changes
  • View all Career Discussions
  • Mobile App Development
  • Cybersecurity
  • Product Management
  • UX/UI Design
  • What is a Coding Bootcamp?
  • Are Coding Bootcamps Worth It?
  • How to Choose a Coding Bootcamp
  • Best Online Coding Bootcamps and Courses
  • Best Free Bootcamps and Coding Training
  • Coding Bootcamp vs. Community College
  • Coding Bootcamp vs. Self-Learning
  • Bootcamps vs. Certifications: Compared
  • What Is a Coding Bootcamp Job Guarantee?
  • How to Pay for Coding Bootcamp
  • Ultimate Guide to Coding Bootcamp Loans
  • Best Coding Bootcamp Scholarships and Grants
  • Education Stipends for Coding Bootcamps
  • Get Your Coding Bootcamp Sponsored by Your Employer
  • GI Bill and Coding Bootcamps
  • Tech Intevriews
  • Our Enterprise Solution
  • Connect With Us
  • Publication
  • Reskill America
  • Partner With Us

Career Karma

  • Resource Center
  • Bachelor’s Degree
  • Master’s Degree

Python local variable referenced before assignment Solution

When you start introducing functions into your code, you’re bound to encounter an UnboundLocalError at some point. This error is raised when you try to use a variable before it has been assigned in the local context .

In this guide, we talk about what this error means and why it is raised. We walk through an example of this error in action to help you understand how you can solve it.

Find your bootcamp match

What is unboundlocalerror: local variable referenced before assignment.

Trying to assign a value to a variable that does not have local scope can result in this error:

Python has a simple rule to determine the scope of a variable. If a variable is assigned in a function , that variable is local. This is because it is assumed that when you define a variable inside a function you only need to access it inside that function.

There are two variable scopes in Python: local and global. Global variables are accessible throughout an entire program; local variables are only accessible within the function in which they are originally defined.

Let’s take a look at how to solve this error.

An Example Scenario

We’re going to write a program that calculates the grade a student has earned in class.

We start by declaring two variables:

These variables store the numerical and letter grades a student has earned, respectively. By default, the value of “letter” is “F”. Next, we write a function that calculates a student’s letter grade based on their numerical grade using an “if” statement :

Finally, we call our function:

This line of code prints out the value returned by the calculate_grade() function to the console. We pass through one parameter into our function: numerical. This is the numerical value of the grade a student has earned.

Let’s run our code and see what happens:

An error has been raised.

The Solution

Our code returns an error because we reference “letter” before we assign it.

We have set the value of “numerical” to 42. Our if statement does not set a value for any grade over 50. This means that when we call our calculate_grade() function, our return statement does not know the value to which we are referring.

We do define “letter” at the start of our program. However, we define it in the global context. Python treats “return letter” as trying to return a local variable called “letter”, not a global variable.

We solve this problem in two ways. First, we can add an else statement to our code. This ensures we declare “letter” before we try to return it:

Let’s try to run our code again:

Our code successfully prints out the student’s grade.

If you are using an “if” statement where you declare a variable, you should make sure there is an “else” statement in place. This will make sure that even if none of your if statements evaluate to True, you can still set a value for the variable with which you are going to work.

Alternatively, we could use the “global” keyword to make our global keyword available in the local context in our calculate_grade() function. However, this approach is likely to lead to more confusing code and other issues. In general, variables should not be declared using “global” unless absolutely necessary . Your first, and main, port of call should always be to make sure that a variable is correctly defined.

In the example above, for instance, we did not check that the variable “letter” was defined in all use cases.

That’s it! We have fixed the local variable error in our code.

The UnboundLocalError: local variable referenced before assignment error is raised when you try to assign a value to a local variable before it has been declared. You can solve this error by ensuring that a local variable is declared before you assign it a value.

Now you’re ready to solve UnboundLocalError Python errors like a professional developer !

About us: Career Karma is a platform designed to help job seekers find, research, and connect with job training programs to advance their careers. Learn about the CK publication .

What's Next?

icon_10

Get matched with top bootcamps

Ask a question to our community, take our careers quiz.

James Gallagher

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Apply to top tech training programs in one click

Local variable referenced before assignment in Python

avatar

Last updated: Apr 8, 2024 Reading time · 4 min

banner

# Local variable referenced before assignment in Python

The Python "UnboundLocalError: Local variable referenced before assignment" occurs when we reference a local variable before assigning a value to it in a function.

To solve the error, mark the variable as global in the function definition, e.g. global my_var .

unboundlocalerror local variable name referenced before assignment

Here is an example of how the error occurs.

We assign a value to the name variable in the function.

# Mark the variable as global to solve the error

To solve the error, mark the variable as global in your function definition.

mark variable as global

If a variable is assigned a value in a function's body, it is a local variable unless explicitly declared as global .

# Local variables shadow global ones with the same name

You could reference the global name variable from inside the function but if you assign a value to the variable in the function's body, the local variable shadows the global one.

accessing global variables in functions

Accessing the name variable in the function is perfectly fine.

On the other hand, variables declared in a function cannot be accessed from the global scope.

variables declared in function cannot be accessed in global scope

The name variable is declared in the function, so trying to access it from outside causes an error.

Make sure you don't try to access the variable before using the global keyword, otherwise, you'd get the SyntaxError: name 'X' is used prior to global declaration error.

# Returning a value from the function instead

An alternative solution to using the global keyword is to return a value from the function and use the value to reassign the global variable.

return value from the function

We simply return the value that we eventually use to assign to the name global variable.

# Passing the global variable as an argument to the function

You should also consider passing the global variable as an argument to the function.

pass global variable as argument to function

We passed the name global variable as an argument to the function.

If we assign a value to a variable in a function, the variable is assumed to be local unless explicitly declared as global .

# Assigning a value to a local variable from an outer scope

If you have a nested function and are trying to assign a value to the local variables from the outer function, use the nonlocal keyword.

assign value to local variable from outer scope

The nonlocal keyword allows us to work with the local variables of enclosing functions.

Had we not used the nonlocal statement, the call to the print() function would have returned an empty string.

not using nonlocal prints empty string

Printing the message variable on the last line of the function shows an empty string because the inner() function has its own scope.

Changing the value of the variable in the inner scope is not possible unless we use the nonlocal keyword.

Instead, the message variable in the inner function simply shadows the variable with the same name from the outer scope.

# Discussion

As shown in this section of the documentation, when you assign a value to a variable inside a function, the variable:

  • Becomes local to the scope.
  • Shadows any variables from the outer scope that have the same name.

The last line in the example function assigns a value to the name variable, marking it as a local variable and shadowing the name variable from the outer scope.

At the time the print(name) line runs, the name variable is not yet initialized, which causes the error.

The most intuitive way to solve the error is to use the global keyword.

The global keyword is used to indicate to Python that we are actually modifying the value of the name variable from the outer scope.

  • If a variable is only referenced inside a function, it is implicitly global.
  • If a variable is assigned a value inside a function's body, it is assumed to be local, unless explicitly marked as global .

If you want to read more about why this error occurs, check out [this section] ( this section ) of the docs.

# Additional Resources

You can learn more about the related topics by checking out the following tutorials:

  • SyntaxError: name 'X' is used prior to global declaration

book cover

Borislav Hadzhiev

Web Developer

buy me a coffee

Copyright © 2024 Borislav Hadzhiev

Local variable referenced before assignment in Python

The “local variable referenced before assignment” error occurs when you try to use a local variable before it has been assigned a value. This is a general programming concept describing the situation typically arises in situations where you declare a variable within a function but then try to access or modify it before actually assigning a value to it.

In Python, the compiler might throw the exact error: “UnboundLocalError: cannot access local variable ‘x’ where it is not associated with a value”

Here’s an example to illustrate this error:

In this example, you would encounter the above error because you’re trying to print the value of x before it has been assigned a value. To fix this, you should assign a value to x before attempting to access it:

In the corrected version, the local variable x is assigned a value before it’s used, preventing the error.

Keep in mind that Python treats variables inside functions as local unless explicitly stated otherwise using the global keyword (for global variables) or the nonlocal keyword (for variables in nested functions).

If you encounter this error and you’re sure that the variable should have been assigned a value before its use, double-check your code for any logical errors or typos that might be causing the variable to not be assigned properly.

Using the global keyword

If you have a global variable named letter and you try to modify it inside a function without declaring it as global, you will get error.

This is because Python assumes that any variable that is assigned a value inside a function is a local variable, unless you explicitly tell it otherwise.

To fix this error, you can use the global keyword to indicate that you want to use the global variable:

Using nonlocal keyword

The nonlocal keyword is used to work with variables inside nested functions, where the variable should not belong to the inner function. It allows you to modify the value of a non-local variable in the outer scope.

For example, if you have a function outer that defines a variable x , and another function inner inside outer that tries to change the value of x , you need to use the nonlocal keyword to tell Python that you are referring to the x defined in outer , not a new local variable in inner .

Here is an example of how to use the nonlocal keyword:

If you don’t use the nonlocal keyword, Python will create a new local variable x in inner , and the value of x in outer will not be changed:

You might also like

Adventures in Machine Learning

4 ways to fix local variable referenced before assignment error in python, resolving the local variable referenced before assignment error in python.

Python is one of the world’s most popular programming languages due to its simplicity, readability, and versatility. Despite its many advantages, when coding in Python, one may encounter various errors, with the most common being the “local variable referenced before assignment” error.

Even the most experienced Python developers have encountered this error at some point in their programming career. In this article, we will look at four effective strategies for resolving the local variable referenced before assignment error in Python.

Strategy 1: Assigning a Value before Referencing

The first strategy is to assign a value to a variable before referencing it. The error occurs when the variable is referenced before it is assigned a value.

This problem can be avoided by initializing the variable before referencing it. For example, let us consider the snippet below:

“`python

add_numbers():

print(x + y)

add_numbers()

In the snippet above, the variables `x` and `y` are not assigned values before they are referenced in the `print` statement. Therefore, we will get a local variable “referenced before assignment” error.

To resolve this error, we must initialize the variables before referencing them. We can avoid this error by assigning a value to `x` and `y` before they are referenced, as shown below:

Strategy 2: Using the Global Keyword

In Python, variables declared inside a function are considered local variables. Thus, they are separate from other variables declared outside of the function.

If we want to use a variable outside of the function, we must use the global keyword. Using the global keyword tells Python that you want to use the variable that was defined globally, not locally.

For example:

In the code snippet above, the `global` keyword tells Python to use the variable `x` defined outside of the function rather than a local variable named `x`. Thus, Python will output 30.

Strategy 3: Adding Input Parameters for Functions

Another way to avoid the local variable referenced before assignment error is by adding input parameters to functions.

def add_numbers(x, y):

add_numbers(10, 20)

In the code snippet above, `x` and `y` are variables that are passed into the `add_numbers` function as arguments.

This approach allows us to avoid the local variable referenced before assignment error because the variables are being passed into the function as input parameters. Strategy 4: Initializing Variables before Loops or Conditionals

Finally, it’s also a good practice to initialize the variables before loops or conditionals.

If you are defining a variable within a loop, you must initialize it before the loop starts. This way, the variable already exists, and we can update the value inside the loop.

my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

for number in my_list:

sum += number

In the code snippet above, the variable `sum` has been initialized with the value of 0 before the loop runs. Thus, we can update and use the variable inside the loop.

In conclusion, the “local variable referenced before assignment” error is a common issue in Python. However, with the strategies discussed in this article, you can avoid the error and write clean Python code.

Remember to initialize your variables, use the global keyword, add input parameters in functions, and initialize variables before loops or conditionals. By following these techniques, your Python code will be error-free and much easier to manage.

In essence, this article has provided four key strategies for resolving the “local variable referenced before assignment” error that is common in Python. These strategies include initializing variables before referencing, using the global keyword, adding input parameters to functions, and initializing variables before loops or conditionals.

These techniques help to ensure clean code that is free from errors. By implementing these strategies, developers can improve their code quality and avoid time-wasting errors that can occur in their work.

Popular Posts

Guids in sql server: benefits drawbacks and best practices, efficiently solve linear equations using numpy’s linalglstsq() function, mastering the trapezoidal rule with numpytrapz().

  • Terms & Conditions
  • Privacy Policy

UnboundLocalError: local variable 'values' referenced before assignment in lr_scheduler

This my code:

捕获

how to solve this error?

Could you post a code snippet to reproduce this issue, please? This dummy example runs fine:

Need any other snippet code? I’m not sure how much complete code you need

A minimal and executable code snippet would be great. Could you try to remove unnecessary functions and use some random inputs, so that we can reproduce this issue locally?

I’m sorry for my slow response。This code might suit your needs。

捕获

You can see that the first call to scheduler. Step should have been fault-free because it printed the following print statement, as well as eval for the model. But an error should have occurred on the second call

I forgot the code that came out and this is the following code

Now it turns out that if you use annotated code, you get an error, while unannotated code works fine

I really don’t know why, is it the data problem that caused the error

Thanks for the code so far. Could you also post the code you are using to initialize the model, optimizer, and scheduler? Also, could you try to run the code on the CPU only and check, if you see the same error? If not, could you rerun the GPU code using CUDA_LAUNCH_BLOCKING=1 python script.py args and post the stack trace again?

This is my code:

It was very embarrassing that I could not debug with CPU because of the machine, but if I used GPU to debug, the error result did not change

Could you call scheudler.get_lr() before the error is thrown and check the return value, please?

I am very sorry for replying to you a few days later, because I am a sophomore student in university and I have a lot of things to do recently, so I didn’t deal with this problem for a few days. As you requested, I added this line of code. The problem is that it returned the value successfully without any problems during the first epoch. But after the second epoch, it reported an error

Are you recreating or manipulating the scheduler or optimizer in each epoch somehow?

29/5000 Thank you for answering my question so patiently. My code should not have this problem。 If I use following code,the error will not appear( it will appear when using the annotating code):

Here is my complete training code(When you put scheduler. Step () into each batch iteration,error will apear):

I had the same error that I think has been fixed.

In the end it seems like the number of epochs you had mentioned in your scheduler was less than the number of epochs you tried training for. I went into %debug in the notebook and tried calling self.get_lr() as suggested. I got this message: *** ValueError: Tried to step 3752 times. The specified number of total steps is 3750

Then with some basic math and a lot of code search I realised that I had specified 5 epochs in my scheduler but called for 10 epochs in my fit function.

Hope this helps.

There is an error with total_steps.i am also getting same error but i rectified it

Python has lexical scoping by default, which means that although an enclosed scope can access values in its enclosing scope, it cannot modify them (unless they’re declared global with the global keyword). A closure binds values in the enclosing environment to names in the local environment. The local environment can then use the bound value, and even reassign that name to something else, but it can’t modify the binding in the enclosing environment. UnboundLocalError happend because when python sees an assignment inside a function then it considers that variable as local variable and will not fetch its value from enclosing or global scope when we execute the function. To modify a global variable inside a function, you must use the global keyword.

Hello,I had the same error that I can’t solve it. I want to ask you some question about it.Thank you. What is the ‘The specified number of total steps is 3750’? How to change the number of steps? Thank you.

Hi make sure that your dataloader and the scheduler have the same number of iterations. If I remember correctly I got this error when using the OneCycle LR scheduler which needs you to specify the max number of steps as init parameter. Hope this helps! If this isn’t the error you have, then please provide code and try to see what your scheduler.get_lr() method returns.

  • Stack Overflow Public questions & answers
  • Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers
  • Talent Build your employer brand
  • Advertising Reach developers & technologists worldwide
  • Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing
  • About the company

Collectives™ on Stack Overflow

Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most.

Q&A for work

Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search.

Get early access and see previews of new features.

Mask R-cnn / UnboundLocalError: local variable 'image id' referenced before assignment

I've been trying to run Mask R-CNN on a small custom dataset (images + .json polygon data, converted into binary masks) on Google Colab (the script is a mix between different tutorials using the Mask R-CNN/ Matterport repo on github). Everything works fine up until training the heads- the model runs up until the first epoch and then it throws "UnboundLocalError: local variable 'image_id' referenced before assignment" (error attached)/ data generator - zeroDivisionError

Where it occurs in the code: training_heads_first

Error code:

I have checked the .json file, it isn't empty, data seems to be loaded correctly.

I'm not quite sure whether this has something to do with the set-up in the code generally, or whether it's something to do with the mrcnn library. Any advice on how to tackle this would be really helpful!

I am sharing the Colab notebook here for reference: https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1vWoBwbcie68J8UYcIEFd4ApYbdsHb1ot

  • google-colaboratory
  • faster-rcnn

thepandrea's user avatar

Browse other questions tagged python google-colaboratory mask faster-rcnn or ask your own question .

  • Featured on Meta
  • Upcoming sign-up experiments related to tags
  • The return of Staging Ground to Stack Overflow
  • The 2024 Developer Survey Is Live
  • Policy: Generative AI (e.g., ChatGPT) is banned

Hot Network Questions

  • Simple calendar in Java
  • Why is “selling a birthright (πρωτοτόκια)” so bad? -- Hebrews 12:16
  • Need to extend B2 visa status but dad is in a coma
  • Is a judge's completely arbitrary determination of credibilty subject to appeal?
  • My supervisor is promoting my work (that I think has flaws) everywhere - what to do?
  • If "Good luck finding a new job" is sarcastic, how do I change the sentence to make it sound well-intentioned?
  • Why are heavy metals toxic? Lead and Carbon are in the same group. One is toxic, the other is not
  • What was the Nuclear Boy Scout's Eagle Scout Project?
  • What does "DC" mean in gravitational physics?
  • Could alien species with blood based on different elements eat the same food?
  • What user should sshd.exe run as on Windows 10
  • What is the definition of 'belief' and is it irrational to have one?
  • Power window switches stopped working 04 Chevy venture
  • What is this biplane seen over Doncaster?
  • How did the Terminator recognize Sarah at Tech Noir?
  • Can I enter France on an expired EU passport?
  • Short story crashing landing on a planet and taking shelter in a building that had automated defenses
  • Create sublists whose totals exceed a certain threshold and that are as short as possible
  • Is there any reason to keep old checks?
  • Prove that the numbers 2008 and 2106 are not terms of this sequence.
  • 3 doors guarded by 1 knight and 2 knaves
  • Why was the SNES color gamut RGB?
  • How can you destroy a mage hand?
  • UTF-8 characters in POSIX shell script *comments* - anything against it?

local variable 'mask' referenced before assignment

Navigation Menu

Search code, repositories, users, issues, pull requests..., provide feedback.

We read every piece of feedback, and take your input very seriously.

Saved searches

Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly.

To see all available qualifiers, see our documentation .

  • Notifications You must be signed in to change notification settings

Have a question about this project? Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community.

By clicking “Sign up for GitHub”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy statement . We’ll occasionally send you account related emails.

Already on GitHub? Sign in to your account

UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask_sharp' referenced before assignment ? WIN11 RTX 3050 #149

@Someonetoldme584

Someonetoldme584 commented Oct 29, 2023

File "inference.py", line 345, in
main()
File "inference.py", line 201, in main
pred, _, _ = enhancer.process(img, img, face_enhance=True, possion_blending=False)
File "C:\AI\opentalker\video-retalking\third_part\GPEN\gpen_face_enhancer.py", line 113, in process
mask_sharp = cv2.GaussianBlur(mask_sharp, (0,0), sigmaX=1, sigmaY=1, borderType = cv2.BORDER_DEFAULT)
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask_sharp' referenced before assignment

@PhilGauthier

PhilGauthier commented Oct 30, 2023

Same here, with Windows10, RTX A4500

Sorry, something went wrong.

@sysuchenpc

sysuchenpc commented Nov 6, 2023

same

@alexmgee

alexmgee commented Nov 6, 2023

Also experiencing this.

Not smart enough to touch the code.

PhilGauthier commented Nov 7, 2023 • edited

I added this line 61 third_part\GPEN\gpen_face_enhancer.py to initialize mask_sharp :

It seems to work but not sure at all it's a good fix.

  • 👍 1 reaction

@AIhasArrived

AIhasArrived commented Nov 8, 2023 • edited

Hello , did it work since yesterday? (Also you memntioned A4500 how did you get that?)

@minhhoai1001

No branches or pull requests

@PhilGauthier

COMMENTS

  1. Python 3: UnboundLocalError: local variable referenced before assignment

    File "weird.py", line 5, in main. print f(3) UnboundLocalError: local variable 'f' referenced before assignment. Python sees the f is used as a local variable in [f for f in [1, 2, 3]], and decides that it is also a local variable in f(3). You could add a global f statement: def f(x): return x. def main():

  2. [SOLVED] Local Variable Referenced Before Assignment

    DJANGO - Local Variable Referenced Before Assignment [Form] The program takes information from a form filled out by a user. Accordingly, an email is sent using the information. ... Therefore, we have examined the local variable referenced before the assignment Exception in Python. The differences between a local and global variable ...

  3. Fix "local variable referenced before assignment" in Python

    Reliable monitoring for your app, databases, infrastructure, and the vendors they rely on. Ping Bot is a powerful uptime and performance monitoring tool that helps notify you and resolve issues before they affect your customers.

  4. How to Fix

    Output. Hangup (SIGHUP) Traceback (most recent call last): File "Solution.py", line 7, in <module> example_function() File "Solution.py", line 4, in example_function x += 1 # Trying to modify global variable 'x' without declaring it as global UnboundLocalError: local variable 'x' referenced before assignment Solution for Local variable Referenced Before Assignment in Python

  5. How to Fix Local Variable Referenced Before Assignment Error in Python

    value = value + 1 print (value) increment() If you run this code, you'll get. BASH. UnboundLocalError: local variable 'value' referenced before assignment. The issue is that in this line: PYTHON. value = value + 1. We are defining a local variable called value and then trying to use it before it has been assigned a value, instead of using the ...

  6. How to fix UnboundLocalError: local variable 'x' referenced before

    The UnboundLocalError: local variable 'x' referenced before assignment occurs when you reference a variable inside a function before declaring that variable. To resolve this error, you need to use a different variable name when referencing the existing variable, or you can also specify a parameter for the function. I hope this tutorial is useful.

  7. Python local variable referenced before assignment Solution

    Trying to assign a value to a variable that does not have local scope can result in this error: UnboundLocalError: local variable referenced before assignment. Python has a simple rule to determine the scope of a variable. If a variable is assigned in a function, that variable is local. This is because it is assumed that when you define a ...

  8. Local variable referenced before assignment in Python

    If a variable is assigned a value in a function's body, it is a local variable unless explicitly declared as global. # Local variables shadow global ones with the same name You could reference the global name variable from inside the function but if you assign a value to the variable in the function's body, the local variable shadows the global one.

  9. Local variable referenced before assignment in Python

    Using nonlocal keyword. The nonlocal keyword is used to work with variables inside nested functions, where the variable should not belong to the inner function. It allows you to modify the value of a non-local variable in the outer scope. For example, if you have a function outer that defines a variable x, and another function inner inside outer that tries to change the value of x, you need to ...

  10. UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask' referenced before assignment

    UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask' referenced before assignment #12726. TurnaevEvgeny opened this issue Mar 28, 2016 · 1 comment Labels. Bug Duplicate Report Duplicate issue or pull request Indexing Related to indexing on series/frames, ... UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask' referenced before assignment ...

  11. 4 Ways to Fix Local Variable Referenced Before Assignment Error in

    Resolving the Local Variable Referenced Before Assignment Error in Python. Python is one of the world's most popular programming languages due to its simplicity ...

  12. UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask' referenced before assignment

    UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask' referenced before assignment #87. Open ... UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask' referenced before assignment #87. chris-alexiuk-1 opened this issue Apr 12, 2023 · 1 comment Comments. Copy link chris-alexiuk-1 commented Apr 12, 2023 ...

  13. UnboundLocalError: local variable 'values' referenced before assignment

    A closure binds values in the enclosing environment to names in the local environment. The local environment can then use the bound value, and even reassign that name to something else, but it can't modify the binding in the enclosing environment.

  14. Local variable referenced before assignment?

    @HoKy22: Are you asking why dct[key] = val does not raise a "local variable referenced before assignment" error? The reason is that this is not a bare name assignment. Instead, it causes Python to make the function call dct.__setitem__(key, ... How (if at all) are the PHB rules on Hiding affected by the Skulker feat and the Mask of the Wild trait?

  15. mask_sharp = cv2.GaussianBlur #136

    UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask_sharp' referenced before assignment. What is the resolution that it is looking for?? Found in Logs: "In my experience, when the face resolution is too large or the face area proportion is too large, it may not be detected. This may be related to the face detector's training set."

  16. Local variable 'x' referenced before assignment

    UnboundLocalError: local variable 'tests' referenced before assignment I've tried many different things to try to get tests to go to get_initial_input() but it says that it is referenced before assignment. How is that possible when the first line of code I'm trying to define it?

  17. UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask_sharp' referenced before assignment

    UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask_sharp' referenced before assignment #81. Open SuperMaximus1984 opened this issue Jul 27, 2023 · 3 comments ... (0,0), sigmaX=1, sigmaY=1, borderType = cv2.BORDER_DEFAULT) UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask_sharp' referenced before assignment ...

  18. Vulnerability Summary for the Week of May 27, 2024

    Improper restriction of local upload and download paths in check_sftp in Checkmk before 2.3.0p4, 2.2.0p27, 2.1.0p44, and in Checkmk 2.0.0 (EOL) allows attackers with sufficient permissions to configure the check to read and write local files on the Checkmk site server. 2024-05-29: 8.8: CVE-2024-28826 [email protected]: Dassault Systmes ...

  19. Python: local variable referenced before assignment

    1. You should change home.mak so you don't mask messages_outbox: %if messages_outbox: % for outbox in messages_outbox: % if outbox["type"] == "Introduction": ${makerow_outbox(outbox)} ... Also, this is terrible: dict = {}. You shouldn't use names that reference Python builtin functions.

  20. H. Rept. 118-529

    h. rept. 118-529 - servicemember quality of life improvement and national defense authorization act for fiscal year 2025 118th congress (2023-2024)

  21. UnboundLocalError: local variable 'image_id' referenced before ...

    @aegorfk Hi, can you please show as how you fixed this problem Hi, I checked the file and placed the annotation file in the right directory. I need more details of your code, actually. Some steps to check: do you multiclass classification and adapted the initial code from matterpor's for Multiclass Classification?

  22. Mask R-cnn / UnboundLocalError: local variable 'image id' referenced

    I've been trying to run Mask R-CNN on a small custom dataset (images + .json polygon data, converted into binary masks) on Google Colab (the script is a mix between different tutorials using the Mask R-CNN/ Matterport repo on github).

  23. UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask_sharp' referenced before

    mask_sharp = cv2.GaussianBlur(mask_sharp, (0,0), sigmaX=1, sigmaY=1, borderType = cv2.BORDER_DEFAULT) UnboundLocalError: local variable 'mask_sharp' referenced before assignment The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: